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French Revolution of 1848 French Revolution of 1848 By: Felicity Bell & Sarita Cavazos Before Revolution Due to the Industrial Revolution, France in 1846 saw: ● Financial crisis ● Bad harvests ● Economic depression ● Poor railroad systems ● Peasant rebellions Fighting at the barricades, one of the peasant rebellions prior to the revolution. What set the stage for the Revolution? ● Because of political gatherings and demonstrations were outlawed in France, activities of the largely middle class opposition to the government began to hold a series of Banquets ● This campaign of the Banquets was intended to circumvent the government restriction on political meeting and provided a legal outlet for popular criticism of the regime. Also this campaign of the Banquets lasted until all political banquets were outlawed by the French Government. As a result the people revolted, helping unite the efforts of the popular republicans and the Liberal Orleanists, who turned their back on Louis Philippe( which was head of the state at the time). Events leading up to the Revolution ● Louis Philippe had several Liberal views. He called himself the “People’s King” and owed his existence to the will of the people. By the time of the Regime there was a lot of political parties in France such as constitutionalists, Royalists, Republicans, and BonaPartists. Louis tried to rule as a moderate so that he would have no party ruled against him. ● Tried to a rule a Constitutional Monarchy but failed which compelled him to abdicate the throne. While placing himself under as a Constitutionalists, which made the royalists and bonapartists to dislike him. ● Louis had an urge to also develop industries in France which led him earn a positions of the society. Louis Philippe of the french Goals of the Revolution ● On February 26th 1848, the Liberal opposition came together to organize a provisional government, called the Second Republic. The poet de Lamartine was appointed president of the provisional government. ● Elections for the Constitutional assembly were scheduled the 23rd of April. The Constitutional Assembly was to establish a new republic government for France . ● Two major goals to these assemblies of the provisional government were Universal Suffrage and Unemployment Relief. Key Leaders ● Louis Philippe( Head of the State) ● Prime Minister Guizot ● Poet Alphonse de Lamartine(President of the Provisional Government) ● “Dangerous Writers” polerifated such as Louis Blanc( “ the right to work”) and Pierre-Joseph Proudhon(“ property is theft!”) ALPHONSE de LAMARTINE - Louis Blanc Prime Minister Guizot What led to the Failure? ● A lack of unity among the Revolutionists ● A feeling of mutual distrust among different races ● Lack of leadership The End of the Revolution ● People preferred the safety of an able dictatorship to the uncertainty of the Revolution. ● On September 2nd, 1848 the National Constituent Assembly vowed not to dissolve itself until they had written a new constitution and enacted all the organic laws necessary to implement a new constitution . ● The new Constitution was finished on the 23rd of October of 1848 and presidential elections were scheduled on the 10th of December. Louis Napoleon was elected by a wide nation vote. What were the effects of the Vote? ● Louis Napoleon re-established universal suffrage, feared by the republicans at the time who correctly expected the countryside to vote against the republic. Louis Napoleon took the title Emperor Napoleon III and the second empire began. Timeline of Events ● 1846 beginning of Europe’s last major food crisis and famine throughout the continent. ● 1848 Karl Marx publishes the Communist Manifesto ● February 28th 1848 Revolution of France; overthrew the monarchy of king Louis-Philippe; proclamation of the creation of the French-Second Republic ● March 1848 Uprisings in some German States; granting of constitutional reforms in Prussia ● March 1848, revolutions in Italy ● December 1848 Louis Napoleon becomes elected for the presidential vote in France. Bibliography ● "French Revolution of 1848." French Revolution. JJ. KInG, n.d. Web. ● http://www.britannica.com/event/Revolutions-of-1830 ● Britannica ImageQuest. Web. 9 Apr 2016. http://quest.eb.com/search/108_4084084/1/108_4084084/cite ● http://study.com/academy/lesson/the-french-revolution-of-1848.html ● Sterns, Peter M. World Civilizations The Global Experience. 5th ed. Print..
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