November 7,2002 Sandra Squire, Executive Secretary Public Service

Home , Blackbelly salamander

W 1600 IAIDLEYTOWER P.0. BOX 553 9 CHARLESTON,WESTVlRGlNlA25322 *TELEPHONE304-340-1000 TELECOPIER: 304-340-1 130 w.jacksonke/ly.com

Direct Dial No. (304) 340-1307 e-mail: [email protected] State Bar ID No. 8835 November 7,2002

Via hand delivery Sandra Squire, Executive Secretary Public Service Commission of West Virginia 201 Brooks Street Post Office Box 812 Charleston, West Virginia 25323 Re: Case No. 02- 1 189-E-CN NedPower Mount Storm LLC Dear Ms. Squire: Enclosed please find an original and six copies of an “Endangered Species Status Report For a Proposed Wind Farm in Grant County, West Virginia, Supplemental Report, November 7, 2002” for the Project prepared by Potesta & Associates, Inc., NedPower Mount Storm LLC’s (“NedPower”) environmental consultants on the Project (“Study”). In the Study, Potesta summarizes two Species Surveys performed in connection with the Project and attached to the Study as Appendices A and B respectively: A. “West Virginia Northern Flying Squirrel Surveys at Three Sites Within the Proposed NedPower Mount Storm LLC Windmill Turbines Project Area Grant County, West Virginia,” prepared by Dr. Edwin D. Michael, Professor Emeritus, . e. *rmd

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BT-- ‘‘I~~~~Ch~~~~Sal~d~(~eth0aonnettingi>- ~ - 1 xr TTn.* GU Oy IYL 9 prepared by Dr. Thomas K. Pauley, Professor, Marshall University; We would be pleased to provide additional copies of the Study to the Commissioners should they so request.

Washington,D.C. Denver, CO Lexington, KY Fairrnont,WV Martinsburg,WV Wheeling,WV Morgantown,WV New Martinsville,WV Parkersburg,WV Sandra Squire, Executive Secretary November 7,2002 Page 2

Please file the original of the Study and distribute the additional copies to the appropriate parties at the Commission. We also ask that you date stamp the extra copies provided and return them with our messenger. As always, we appreciate your assistance in this matter, and look forward to answering any questions you may have. Sincerely,

STEPHANIE H. D. MULLETT

Enclosures cc: John Barrett (w/enc.) Vincent Trivelli, Esq. (w/enc.) Caryn W. Short, Esq. (wlenc.) Leslie J. Anderson, Esq. (w/enc.) Timothy P. Heinle (w/enc.) Laidley E. McCoy (w/o enc.) David M. Kiser (w/o enc.)

I 4 Potesta Associates, Inc. Engineers and Environmental Consultants 2300 MacCorkle Avenue, S.E., Charleston, West Virginia 25304- 1099 Telephone: (304)342-1400 Fax: (304)343-9031 E-mail: [email protected]

November 2002

Endangered Species Status Report For a Proposed Wind Farm in Grant County, West Virginia

Supplemental Report - November 7,2002

Prepared for:

NedPower Mount Storm LLC 5 160 Parkstone Drive, Suite 260 Chantilly, Virginia 20 15 1

Prepared by:

Potesta & Associates, Inc. 2300 MacCorkle Avenue, S.E. Charleston, West Virginia 25304

~___~ ~

Project No. 02-0083-002

Endangered Species Status Report for a Proposed Wind Farm in Grant County, WV November 7,2002 TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.O INTRODUCTION ...... 1

2.0 SURVEYS ...... 1 2.1 West Virginia Northern Flying Squirrel ...... 2 2.2 Cheat Mountain Salamander ...... 2

3.0 CLOSING ...... 2

APPENDICES ,

~ ,, West Virginia Northern Flying Squirrel Reports ...... APPENDIX A Cheat Mountain Salamander Reports ...... APPENDIX B

Endangered Species Status Report, November 2002 ENDANGERED SPECIES STATUS REPORT FOR A PROPOSED WIND FARM IN GRANT COUNTY, WEST VIRGINIA

1.0 INTRODUCTION

NedPower Mount Storm LLC (NedPower) is currently developing a wind power project along the Allegheny Front near Mount Storm, Grant County, West Virginia. The project entails the construction of a wind farm (up to 300MW) to be completed in three phases. The Project will consist of up to 200 wind turbines each with a rated capacity of 1.5 to 2.5 megawatts. Each turbine will be mounted on a steel tower approximately 15 feet (4.6 m) in diameter and 210 to 330 feet (64 to 101 m) in height. Each turbine will have three blades of approximately 115 feet (35 meters) with each turbine’s blades being more than 82 feet (25 meters) from the ground. I iI The proposed NedPower wind farm project will be located on a site approximately 14 miles long J with an average width of 0.5 miles near the Mount Storm power plant and Mount Storm Lake in Grant County, West Virginia. The Site extends along the Allegheny Front from east of the Stony River Reservoir to about 0.75 mile (1.21 km) from Mt. Pisgah. The site is private property primarily used for commercial logging and surface mining purposes. Telecommunications towers and utility rights-of-ways (ROWS) are found throughout the Mount Storm area. Actual land disturbance from the Project is expected to be less than 200 acres. i Any land disturbance that requires alteration in habitat has the potential to present risk to federally listed threatened and endangered species that may be present. To avoid such risk, NedPower has commissioned habitat and species surveys in the proposed project area. This work is ongoing and is being provided in a series of reports. The first report provide to NedPower was titled Endangered Species Status and Phase I Avian Risk Assessment For a Proposed Wind Farm in Grant County, West Virginia, dated September 23, 2002. This report is i a supplement to the September 23,2002 version.

I i 2.0 SURVEYS Habitat surveys for the West Virginia northern flying squirrel and the Cheat Mountain i salamander were completed in August, 2002. The results of these surveys were included in the report titled Endangered Species Status and Phase I Avian Risk Assessment For a Proposed 1 I Wind Farm in Grant County, West Virginia. The flying squirrel habitat survey was completed - habitat survey was completed by Dr. Thomas Pauley, Professor of Biology at Marshall

Univer si~y~h~-r~t~~su~~~~~u~wi~~~~~spe~ies~ ~ ~- I I t,

I Endangered Species Status Report, November 2002 Page 1 , 2.1 West Virginia Northern Flying Squirrel rnq? yoy -7 fy 3: 52 Dr. Michael completed an initial site visit with Mr. Tim Sedosky of Po&&td and Associates, Inc. on August 6, 2002 and completed habitat surveys on August 7 throug through 14, 2002. Dr. Michaels found three areas with high three areas are located south of Route 42 and near Helmick two lines of turbines. The second and third locations are along the westernmost line of proposed turbines. A description of these habitat areas is included in Dr. Michael's report (Appendix A).

As a result of the presence of suitable habitat, Dr. Michael was commissioned to complete a species survey. This survey consisted of a ten-night trapping event running from October 1 through October 14, 2002. The survey was completed using methods consistent with U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service guidelines. As a result of this effort, six West Virginia northern flying squirrels (including one recapture) and 21 non-target mammals were captured. The six squirrels were all captured at the sampling location previously identified as Site #3. This site is located east of Helmick Run and north of the existing large power line right-of-way that crosses Helmick Run. Dr. Michael's species survey report (dated November 6, 2002) and curriculum vita are included in Appendix A.

2.2 Cheat Mountain Salamander

Dr. Pauley completed an initial site visit with Tim Sedosky of Potesta and Associates, Inc. on

I August 6, 2002 and completed habitat surveys on August 6, 15, 16 and 17, 2002. Dr. Pauley I I divided the proposed project area into four sections. The lower survey area, which extended from south of the power line right-of-way to Stack Rock, was the only area that contained some potential habitat (Figure 1, Appendix B). As a result of this finding, Dr. Pauley was commissioned to complete a species survey. Ii Dr. Pauley returned to the area he previously identified as potential habitat on October 16, 2002. 1 II He was accompanied by Dr. Mark B. Watson and two other individuals. The survey methods were consistent with those described in the Cheat Mountain salamander recovery plan with one

I exception. The area contained large rocks, and to be more thorough, Dr. Pauley and his I investigators used log cant hooks to move some of these rocks (up to four feet in size). No Cheat Mountain salamanders were found as a result of this survey. Dr. Pauley's signed report, which I was received by POTESTA on November 1,2002, is included in Appendix B. I 3.0 CLOSING This report was prepared to assist NedPower Mount Storm LLC in evaluating and planning with ~- I respectto-t~~~bJe~itsite;ftis-~e~~t~~~~~~~~~~~~ed-~d. .. ~ I A ;an +;oh 91'nm-~ i un J "ww Inthe P' nd IC limi nnlv tn t Mountain salamander and the West Virginia Northern Flying Squirrel. The scope of this study

I was mutually devised by Potesta & Associates, Inc. (POTESTA) and NedPower and is limited to I I the specific project, location and time period described herein. The work scope and report

Endangered Species Status Report, November 2002 Page 2 I represent POTESTA’S understanding of site conditions as discernible from information provided by others and obtained by POTESTA using the methods specified. POTESTA assumes no I responsibility for information provided or developed by others, or for documenting conditions I detectable with methods or techniques not specified in the work scope. In addition, no activity, including sampling, assessment or evaluation of any material or substance, may be assumed to be included in this study unless specifically considered in the scope of work and this report. 1I Sketches and maps in this report are included only to aid the reader and should not be considered surveys or engineering studies. If additional data concerning this site becomes available, I POTESTA should be informed so that we may examine the information and, if necessary, modify this report accordingly. I Respectfully Submitted,

8 POTESTW ASSOCIATES, INC.

Vice President, Environmental Consulting I /

@Scientist

1 Endangered Species Status Report, November 2002 Page 3 Appendix A SURVEYS FOR POTENTIAL HABITAT OF TBE WEST VIRGINIA NORTEERN FLYING SQUIRREL AT PROPOSED NEDPOWER, MOUNT STORM LLC WXNDMILL TURBINES PROjECT SITE

Dr. Edwin D. Michael, Professor Emeritus West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505

SUBMITTED TO: NedPower Mount Storm LLC/Potesta & Assoc. DATE SUBMITTED: August 19, 2002

INTROOUCTION In August, 2002, Potesta & ASSOC., Inc. contacted me to conduct surveys to determine if potential habitat exists for the endangered West Virginia northern flying squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus fuscus) along the proposed alignment of the NedPower Mount Storm LLC Project, Grant County, West Virginia. The West Virginia northern flying squirrel was listed as an endangered species by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in 1985. Throughout its eastern range, this subspecies of the northern flying squirrel is usually associated with boreal forests, especially spruce-fir and northern hardwoods (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1990). Potential habitat with high suitability rating is defined as a conifer stand characterized by the following: (1) dominant canopy trees of red spruce (Picea rubens), Norway spruce (Picea abies), eastern hemlock (Tsuqa canadensis), or balsam fir (Abies balsamea), (2) numerous mature

conifer trees (> 10" dbh) that reach into the canopy, (3) a stand size greater than 1 acre, and (4) the conifer stand not separated from other conifer stands of potential habitat by more than 0.5 miles. Northern flying squirrels in West Virginia seem to prefer moist forest stands with at least some widely-spaced mature trees, and an abundance of snags, both standing and fallen. Most individual northern flying squirrels in West Virginia have been captured at elevations of 3,000-4,500 feet (Stihler, et a1 1995). Although this subspecies of northern flying squirrel has not been captured in Grant County, several have been "captured" in flying squirrel nest boxes and in live traps at several sites throughout adjacent Tucker County. Most capture sites in Tucker County were located at elevations of 3,200-3,700 feet and were dominated by mature red spruce and yellow birch (Betula alleqhaniensis). The nearest

I 2 location of previous capture sites to the proposed NedPower Mount Storm LLC Project was in Blackwater Falls State Park, approximately 15 miles to the southwest. A population of this subspecies that exists between Blackwater Canyon and Route 219, is the northernmost-known location of the West Virginia northern flying squirrel (Michael 2001).

; METBODOLOOY I met with Tim Sedosky, Potesta & Associates, Inc., on August 6, 2002 to conduct the initial site visit to learn the locations of each of the proposed wind turbine strings. On August 7-9 and 12-14, I commenced surveying along the proposed alignment of each string of wind turbines to determine if potential habitat exists for the West Virginia northern flying squirrel. Most of the entire length of that section of the , proposed project located south of Rt. 42 was walked. In addition, the first mile of that section located north of Rt. 42 was also walked. The primary goal was to locate conifer stands and/or mature stands of northern hardwoods that would be impacted during construction of the wind turbine project.

I 3 ReSULTS Most proposed locations south of Rt. 42 for the NedPower Mount Storm LLC windmill turbines are at elevations between 3,300 and 3,700 feet, with those closer to Rt. 42 being between 3,000 and 3,200 feet. The majority of the locations where turbines are planned have been surface-mined and/or logged in recent years, some within the past two years. Most of the logging involved 1 heavy selection cuts, while some involved clearcuts. Other locations are dominated by boulder-fields and stunted, wind-

stressed shrubs and trees, , High probability, suitable habitat was identified at three locations, all south of Rt. 42. The approximate locations of these sites are shown on the attached contour maps. Site #1 is situated on the primary ridgeline of the Allegheny Front, 0.65 miles north of the large power line that crosses Helmick Run. b Site #2 is west of Helmick Run, adjacent to the headwater stream that forms Helmick Run. Site #3 is east of Helmick Run and north of the large power line that crosses Helmick Run. Site #1 is situated between the two proposed lines of windmill turbines and will not be directly impacted by the I

construction of the windmill turbines. Sites #2 and #3 are situated along the westernmost line of windmill turbines. These two sites will be directly impacted by the construction of proposed windmill turbines. Site #1 is dominated by red spruce, while sites #2 and #3 are dominated by eastern hemlock, with red spruce scattered throughout. Site #1 is isolated from other conifer stands, while

I Sites #2 and #3 are parts of a larger conifer complex that is situated near Helmick Run. No suitable habitat for the West Virginia northern flying squirrel occurs along the eastern line of proposed windmill turbines. The majority of these eastern turbines will be situated east of the main ridge of the Allegheny front. The dominant habitat east of the main ridge is oak, with few conifers present.

I OfSCUSSION

I I conclude that northern flying squirrels could occur at I Sites #2 and #3, but are much less likely to occur at Site #1

I I I because of its isolation from other conifers and distance from I . I

1 the nearest-known occupied habitat (over 15 miles). Also, the . maps provided by NedPower Mount Storm LLC indicate that proposed i windmill turbines will not directly impact the conifer stand at i Site #l. Live-trapping will be necessary at Sites #2 and #3 to I 4 determine if northern flying squirrels are present.

Michael, E. D. 2001. Virginia northern flying squirrel surveys along the Right Fork of Big Run and north of U.S. Route 219, Tucker County, WV. Submitted to Michael Baker, Jr. Inc., Charleston, WV. 13 pp. Stihler, C. W., J. L. Wallace, E. D. Michael, and H. Pawelczyk. 1995. Range of Glaucomys sabrinus fuscus), a federally i endangered subspecies of the northern flying squirrel, in i West Virginia. Proceedings of the West Virginia Academy of Science: 1995: 13-20. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1990. Appalachian northern ~ flying squirrel recovery plan. Region 5, U.S. Fish and

1 I Wildlife Service, Newton Corner, Mass. 49 pp.

6 i WEST VIRGINIA NORTHERN FLYING SQUIRREL SURVEYS AT THREE SITES WITHN THE PROPOSED NEDPOWER MOUNT STORM LLC WINDMILL TURBINES PROJECT AREA GRANT COUNTY, WESTVIRGNA

SUBMITTED TO: i NedPower Mount Storm LLCRotesta & Associates i

SUBMITTED BY:

Dr. Edwin D. Michael

Professor Emeritus West Virginia University Morgantown, WV 26506 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

WEST VIRGINIA NORTHERN FLYING SQUIRREL SURVEYS AT THREE SITES WITHIN THE PROPOSED NEDPOWER, MOUNT STORM LLC WINDMILL TURBINES PROJECT AREA, GRANT COUNTY, WEST VIRGINIA.

Dr. Edwin D. Michael, Professor Emeritus, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV. 26506 DATE SUBMITTED: November 6,2002 In August 2002, Potesta & Associates, Inc. contacted me to conduct surveys to

determine ifpotential habitat exists for the endangered West Virginia northern flying

squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus fuscus), along the proposed alignment of the Nedpower Mount Storm LLC Project, Grant County, West Virginia. High probability, suitable

habitat was located at three locations, and Potesta & Associates requested that I conduct

live trapping at these three sites to determine the presence or absence of the West

Virginia northern flying squirrel. Consistent with U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

guidelines, live trapping was conducted for 10 nights during the period of October 1-14,

2002. A total of 54 live traps were set at the three sites, These traps were baited with

1 I apples and a peanut butter-oats mixture. Six northern flying squirrels (including 1

recapture) and 21 non-target mammals were captured during the 10-night trapping

session. Non-target species consisted of 10 red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus), 9

chipmunks (Tamias striatus), and 2 opossums (Didelphis virginiuna). All six northern

1 ~ locations3kmlh-- rcweightdpe- et- 0 ~ ~ being released in good condition at the capture sites. I

2 WEST VIRGINIA NORTHERN FLYING SQUIRREL SURVEYS AT THREE SITES WITHIN THE PROPOSED NEDPOWER, MOUNT STORM LLC WINDMILL TURBINES PROJECT AREA, GRANT COUNTY, WEST VIRGINIA

INTRODUCTION

In August 2002, Potesta & Associates, Inc. contacted me to conduct surveys to

determine ifpotential habitat exists for the endangered West Virginia northern flying

squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinusfuscus) along the proposed alignment of the NedPower

i Mount Storm LLC Project, Grant County, West Virginia. The West Virginia northern flying squirrel was listed as an endangered species by

the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in 1985. Throughout its eastern range, this subspecies

of the northern flying squirrel is usually associated with boreal forests, especially spruce-

fir and northern hardwoods (US. Fish and Wildlife Service 1990). Potential habitat with

high suitability rating is defined as a conifer stand characterized by the following: (1)

dominaflt canopy trees ofred spruce (Picea rubens), Norway spruce (Picea abies),

I eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis), or balsam fir (Abies balsamea), (2)numerous

mature conifer trees (>lo” dbh) that reach into the canopy, (3) a stand size greater than 1

acre, and (4) the conifer stand not separated &om other conifer stands of potential habitat

by more than 0.5 miles.

Nvin West~prekr moist forest stands with

1 atpleast- * pw*d-*whh&c&ei-

fden. Most individual flying squirrels in West Virginia have been captured at elevations j of 3,000-4,000feet (Stihler, et al1995). Although this subspecies of northern flying

3 squirrel has not been captured in Grant County, several have been “captured” in flying

squirrel nest boxes and in live traps at several sites throughout adjacent Tucker County. Most capture sites in Tucker County were located at elevations of 3,2O0-3,700

feet and were dominated by mature red spruce and yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis).

The nearest location of previous capture sites to the proposed NedPower, Mount Storm

LLC Project was in Blackwater Falls State Park, approximately 10 miles to the

southwest. A population of this subspecies that exists between Blackwater Canyon and

Route 219 is the northernmost location of the West Virginia northern fly& squirrel

E (Michael 2001).

High probability, suitable habitat was identiiied at three locations, all south of Rt.

42. On September 27,2002, Potesta & Associates requested that I conduct live trapping

at these three sites to determine the presence or absence of the West Virginia northern

flying squirrel.

METHODOLOGY

I I met with Tim Sedoslq, Potesta & Associates, Inc., on August 6,2002, to

conduct the initial site Visit to learn the locations of each of the proposed wind turbine

strings. On August 7-9 and 12-14, I commenced surveying along the proposed alignment

of each string of wind turbines to determine ifpotential habitat exists for the West

e$ .. I projectiocatabM- . €n- - t%iel4eea*orth ~~~~ ~~ of State Route 42 was surveyed during the initial habitat evaluation. The primary goal I I

4 was to locate conifer stands and/or mature stands of northern hardwoods that would be

impacted during construction of the wind turbine project.

Live trapping was conducted for 10 nights during October 1-14,2002.

Procedures followed the guidelines recommended in the Northern Flying Squirrel

Recovery Plan (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1990). Tomahawk live traps (5” X 5” X

16”), baited with apple and peanut butter-oatmeal mixture, were set throughout the three sites identified as suitable habitat. AU traps were attached horizontally to trees with

aluminum nails at 4-6 foot height. Polyester fiber batting was placed inside traps to I provide warmth for captured animals, and bark was placed on top of traps to provide

protection f?om wind and rain. Black plastic was placed on some traps during nights

when rain was predicted.

Trapping was conducted for 3 consecutive nights during October 1-4 and for 7

consecutive nights during October 7-14. The traps were left at the trapping sites during

the period between trapping sessions, but the trap doors were closed. A total of 10 traps

were set throughout Site #1,20 traps throughout Site #2, and 24 traps throughout Site #3.

I These sites are defined in the habitat survey report dated August 19,2002.

Total trap-nights for the entire session were 540 (number of traps multiplied by

number of nights traps were set). No adjustments were made to total trap-nights for the

capture of non-target species or for traps having doors closed. rsm

- --cap~~wt;rt.e~~~~~~~~~~~e.A standw&wmbered, ~~ - aluminum ear tag (approximately 2 X 8 mm in size) was attached to the right ear of each

northern flying squirrel before it was released. A “Flying Squirrel Capture Form”

5 1 i

(WVDNR Wildlife Division 1993) was completed for each capture and was submitted to

f ! Craig Stihler, WVDNR Endangered Species Biologist, Elkins, West Virginia. Copies of

1 the Flying Squirrel Capture Forms are included in Appendix I. i i

I i RESULTS Most proposed locations south of Rt. 42 for the NedPower Mount Storm LLC I windmill turbines are at eIevations between 3,300 and 3,700 feet, with those closer to Rt. I 1 42 being between 3,000 and 3,200 feet. The majority of the locations where turbines are planned have been surface-rnined andor logged in recent years, some within the past two I I years. Most of the logging involved heavy selection cuts, while some involved clearcuts. i 1 Other locations are dominated by boulder-fields and stunted, wind-stressed shrubs and

I trees. ! High probability, suitable habitat was identified at three locations, all south of Rt. i \ 42. Site #1 is situated on the primary ridgeline of the Allegheny Front, 0.55 miles north I of the large power line that crosses Helmick Run. Site #2 is west of Helmick Run, \ adjacent to the headwater stream that forms Helmick Run. Site #3 is east of Helmick i I Run and north of the large power line that crosses Helmick Run.

I i Site #1 is situated between the two proposed lines of windmill turbines, while Sites #2 and #3 are situated along the westernmost line of proposed windmill turbines.

stands, while Sites #2 and #3 are parts of a larger conifer complex situated near Helmick I

6 No suitable habitat for the West Virginia northern flying squirrel occurs along the

eastern line of proposed windmill turbines. The majority of these eastern turbines will be

situated east of the main ridge of the Allegheny Front. The dominant habitat type east of

the main ridge is oak (Quercm spp.), with few coders present.

Six northern flying squirrels (including 1 recapture) and 2 1 non-target small

rnammals were captured during the 10-night trapping session (Table 1). Non-target I species consisted of 10 red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus), 9 chipmunks (Tamias

I striaim), and 2 opossums (Didelphis virginiuna) (Table 1). The 6 northern flying

squirrel captures were all at Site #3. Sex, age, and weight of each captured northern

flying squirrel are presented in Table 2. Descriptions of the habitat in the immediate vicinity of the trap sites where northern flying squirrels were captured are presented in

the Flying Squirrel Capture Forms in Appendix I.

I LITERATURE CITED i Michael, E.D. 2001. Virginia northern flyhg squirrel surveys dong the Right Fork of j ’\ Big Run and north of U.S.Route 219, Tucker County, WV. Submitted to j Michael Baker, Jr. Inc., Charleston, WV. 13 pp.

Stihler, C. W., J. L. Wallace, E. D. Michael, and H. Pawelczyk. 1995. Range of

GZaucomys sabrinus fuscus, a federally endangered subspecies of the northern

I flviffgsquirrel, in West Virmua. .. Proceedings of the West Vhinia Academy of

1 +aM95: 14-24. ~ ~ U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service. 1990. Appalachian northern flying squirrel recovery I I plan Region 5, U.S. Fish and WilMe Service, Newton Corner, Mass. 49 pp.

7 Table 1. Results of live trapphg at site of proposed NedPower. Mount Storm LLC Project, Grant County, West Virginia, October 1-14,2002. A total of 54 traps were set fbr 10 nights, for a tot& of 540 trap-nights.

Number trapped

# Red Flying Squirrels Site Traps Chipmunk Sauirrel Opossum Southern Northern

#1 10 0 2 0 0 0

#2 20 4 0 0 0 0

#3 24 5 8 2 0 6

TOTAL 9 10 2 0 6 I

Table 2. Northern flykg squirrel capture data collected during live-trapping surveys conducted at site of proposed Nedpower, Grant Count LLC Project, October 1-14,2002.

Weight Date Date Tag # Sex Age [grams) captured recaptured WV 303 female adult 1 04 10/11 10/12

wv 779 female adult 96 10/12 .--I-

WV 780 female adult 96 10/13 -----

WV 783 male adult 101 10/14 -I---

WVU 352 male adult 93 10/14 -----

8 APPENDIX I. FLYING SQUIRREL CAPTURE FORMS FOR THE NORTHERN FLYING SQUIRRELS CAPTURED DURING LIVE-TRAPPING SURWYS AT ONE SITE WITHIN THE PROPOSED NEDPOWR, MOUNT STORM LLC PROJECT I i AREA, OCTOBER 1 - 14,2002.

9 ~ ~ Estimate of Potential Habitat vstVirginia Northern Flying Squirrel

Potential Habitat

Ref: USGS 7.5' Topographical Map Mount Storm Lake - UTM 1983

Tel: (304)342-1400 Fax:(304)343-9031

Please Note: Reproduction of Potential Habitat Area as drawn by Dr. Michael on USGS maps COURSES RECENTLY TAUGHT AT WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY

WM 13 1 - Introduction to Wildlife Management (for Forest Management majors and Recreation majors).

WM 234 - Principles of Wildlife Management

WM 235 - Principles of Wildlife Damage Control WM 436 - Ecology and Management of Wetland Wildlife

THESES DIRECTED AT WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY

I have been the major advisor for over 50 graduate theses, involving many of the 2 birds and mammals of West Virginia.

PUBLICATIONS

I have over 100 publications, with the majority in scientific journals. These have primarily involved the impacts of land-use practices on wildlife populations.

PRESENTATIONS AT SCIENTIFIC MEETINGS

I have Made numerous presentations at state regional, national, and international meetings during the past 30 years. A partial listing of the scientific meetings follows:

1 Eastern Wildlife Damage Management Conference Northeast Fish and Wildlife Confbence Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies Conference International Theriological Congress (USSR in 1974, Czechoslovakia in 1978, and Australia in 1993).

I CURRENT RESEARCH I I have remained quite active in wildlife research; working as a consultant for the

~~~ ~~~~~nHd~~e~~~g;nia~,tTP"t~Ras~~~~~~ ~ ~ ~ I rim-. rim-.

Most of my current research has involved the endangered West Virginia northern flying squirrel. I have conducted numerous surveys in recent years to determine the locations of this endangered flying squirrel throughout West Virginia. Appendix B I

Habitat Assessments for Potential Habitat of Cheat Mountain Salamanders (Plethodon netting0 in Proposed Windmill Sites of Mount Storm I the NEDPower LLC 1 TO: Potesta & Associates 1 2300 MacCorkle Avenue, S.E. Cox Hall 1 Charleston, WV 25304 I 1 FROM: Dr. Thomas K. Pauley DATE: 6 September 2002 I I Assessments for potential Cheat Mountain Salamander habitat were conducted at proposed windmill construction sites of the NEDPower Mount Storm LLC. The proposed construction 1 area extends approximately 14 miles along the Allegheny Front from Stack Rock northeast to 1 a point approximately 3.5 miles north of WV Route 42.

I Potential habitat of the Cheat Mountain Salamander has been determined by Dr. Thomas K. Pauley to be either stands of conifers such as red spruce (Picea rubens) or hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) or stands of mixed deciduous forests at proper elevations. The forest I I floor is usually covered with Bazzania. Such habitats usually contain rack outcrops, emergent rocks, boulder fields, or narrow ravines lined with Rhododendron. Where I potential habitat exists, inventories should be conducted above 2,000 ft. in elevation in the I northern part of the known range of the Cheat Mountain Salamander and above ft. I 3,500 in elevation in the southern part of the known range.

In general, dominant trees throughout the NED Power Project area consist of deciduous species such as Red Maple (Ammbrum), Sugar Maple (Awsaccharum), Striped Maple I (Am I pennsykanbum), Black Cherry (Prunus serotina), Red Oak (Quercus rubra), and I Beech (Fagus gmnd#o/ia) and coniferous species such as Pitch Pine (Pinus nirJida)), Hemlock and Red Spruce. Elevation ranges in the project area from approximately 3,000 ft.

~ 4thwwFUlleAbcMLL esswce-- -~ areas. Two biologists (Or. Thomas K Pauley and Dr. Mark B. Watson) walked each area in I search for habitat characteristics of the Cheat Mountain Salamander as described above.

1 Area Number I: This area extends from W Route 42 north to the northern end of the project site. Etevation ranges from 3,000 to 3,240 ft. Habitat consists mainly of xeric deciduous tree species without typical components of the Cheat Mountain Salamander habitat described above. Inventories for Cheat Mountain Salamanders are not recommended in this area,

AmNumber 2: This area extends south from WV Route 42 to Pigeonroost. Elevation ranges from 3,000 to 3,525 ft. Habitat consists mainly of xeric deciduous tree species without typical components of the Cheat Mountain Salamander habitat described above. Inventories ,1 for Cheat Mountain Salamanders are not recommended in this area.

Area Number 3: This area extends south of Pigeonroost to a first (most northern) power-line right-of-way. Elevation ranges from 3,400 to 3,600 ft. Habitat consists mainly of xeric deciduous tree species with scattered Red Spruce and Hemlock. Other components of the Cheat Allountain Salamander habitat described above are lacking. Ridges are lined with Pitch I I Pine and a dense heath shrub and herbaceous layer, which are indicative of a xeric habitat. Inventories for Cheat Mountain Salamanders are not recommended in this area. b Area Number 4: This area extends south of the first (most northern) power-line right-of-way to Stack Rock. Elevation ranges from 3,400 to 3,793 it. Red Spruce is the dominant tree species on some ridges and slopes while deciduous species are the dominated forms on other ridges and slopes. The section along the Allegheny Front from Stack Rock north to a high point (3,793ft.) has some camponents of the Cheat Mountain Salamander habitat, i.e., stands of Red Spruce and large rocks. Dr. T. K. Pauley has conducted inventories for Cheat I Mountain Salamanders dong the Allegheny Front south of this area. He found Cheat Mountain Salamanders near the headwaters of Fisher Spring Run (El. 3,800 to 4,000 ft), approximately 5.5 miles south of Stack Rock. Because there are components of the Cheat Mountain Salamander habitat at this site and the site’s proximately to a known population of Cheat Mountain Salamanders, inventories are recommended between Stack Rock and this high point. This area is outlined in red on the map as shown in Figure 1, Report submitted by --A

2 1

Figure 1. Topographical map outlining portion of Area 4 containing potential hbi*efGheaHVIwamnw. REPORT

Inventories for Cheat Mountain Salamanders (Plethodon newngi) near Stack Rock in a Proposed Windmill Site by NEDPower Mount Storm LLC

TO: Potesta & Associates 2300 MacCorkle Avenue, S.E. Cox Hail Charleston, WV 25304 FROM Dr. Thomas K. Pauley and Or. Mark 5. Watson DATE 28 October 2002

Inventories for Cheat Mountain Salamanders were conducted on October 16,2002 at the southern end of a 14-mile area where NEDPower Mount Storm LLC proposes to construct windmills. The inventory site is described as Area Number 4 in a report dated 6 September 2002 from Dr. Thomas K. Pauley to Potesta & Associates. In general, the inventory area ranges in elevation from 3,700ft. to 3,793 ft. Potential habitat of the Cheat Mountain Salamander has been determined to be either stands of conifers such as red spruce (Picea rubens) or hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) or stands of mixed deciduous forests at proper elevations. The forest floor is usually covered with Bazzania, Such habitats usually contain rock outcrops, emergent rocks, boulder fields, or narrow ravines lined with Rhododendron (Pauley 2002, in press). This section along the Allegheny Front has some components of the Cheat Mountain Salamander habitat, i.e., stands of Red Spruce and large rocks. However, Table Mountain Pine (Pinuspungens) and Scrub Oak (Quecus #ich/ia), common tree species in the drier Ridge and Valley Province, start to appear on the ridge.

inventories consisted of4 investigators (led by Dr. Thomas Pauley and Dr. Mark B. Watson) turning large rocks ranging in length from 10 inches to 4 feet with log cant hooks as well as smaller rocks, logs, and leaf litter along a transect from 3,700 ft. on the western side of the study site east to the Allegheny Front and south to an elevation point of approximately 3,780ft. The red dots on the map show the location of coordinates taken along the inventory transect. It was the concern of Drs. Pauley and Watson that Cheat PAountain Salamanders might take refuge under these large rocks and, therefore, may not be observed with conventional inventory techniques of searching under smaller rocks, logs, and leaf litter. Just one salamander, Red-backed Salamander (Pxethodon cinereus), was obsetved. However, we of the red dots on the map are as follows:

~ ~~ j 3. Allegheny Front -- 17s 0648218; 4329529 EPE 28' 4. Allegheny Front -- 17s 0648393; 4329448 EPE 26' I 5. Allegheny Front -- 17s 0648328; 4329321 EPE 27' I 6. Allegheny Front - 17s 0648213; 4329200 EPE I4 7. Ending Point - 17s 0648141; 43291 16 EPE 14' i I i i Report submitted by Pautey, PhD I .) i I 1 j

I j I i i I 1 i I t

2 RESUME THOMAS K. PAULEY, PhD Business Address: Department of Biological Sciences Marshall University, Huntington, WV. Telephone: (304) 696-2376; FAX: (304) 736-1424; email: [email protected] EMPLOYMENT Professor of Biology Marshall University Teaching specialties include: Vertebrate Zoology, Ornithology, Vertebrate Natural History, Herpetology, Ecology, General Zoology, General Biology, and Conservation Biology. PROFESSIONAL COMMITTEES West Virginia Wildlife Biodiversity Advisory Council Pennsylvania Natural Diversity Partnership 'Declining Amphibian Task Force, Appalachian Working Group PAPERS Felix, Z. and T.K. Pauley. 2002. Dietary habits of Desmognathus welteri and a comparison with sympatric Desmognathus monticola. Herpetological Natural History (Submitted 2002) Felix, Z. and T.K. Pauley. 2002. Distribution and habitat of Desmognathus welteri, Black Mountain salamander, in West Virginia. Proceedings of the West Virginia Academy of Science (Submitted 2002) Raimondo, S, T.K. Pauley, and L. Butler Potential impacts of Bacillus thruingiensis var. kurstaki on five salamander species in West Virginia. Southeastern Naturalist (Submitted 2002). \Mitchell, J.C., T. K. Pauley, and C.T. Georgel. An Unusually Colored Red- backed Salamander (Plethodon cinereus) from Northern Virginia. Northeastern Naturalist (Submitted 2002) Pauley, T.K. and M.B. Watson. 2002. Monitoring Necturus maculosus. Electronic publication. In Monitoring Amphibians on USGS Webpage. To be submitted by November 1, 2002. Pauley, T.K. 2000. Amphibians and reptiles in wetland habitats of West Virginia. Proceedings of the West Virginia Academy of Science (In nu--- \ T-~,,=,-,~ qnni

-Padey+L+J .C . pg;~~_l~-~~M-.R.W;1+cnr,-l.'P_hp~-r~~or_~ed_~ ~ _ ~ ~ population of the erythristic morph of Plethodon cinereus in Pennsylvania. Northeastern Naturalist, 8(3):355-358.

1 Pauley, T.K. 2001. Reptiles in the Appalachians. Encyclopedia of Appalachia. Center for Appalachian Studies and Services, East Tennessee State University. Invited. (In Press). Pauley, T.K. 2001. Amphibians and Reptiles in West Virginia. West Virginia Encylclopecia. West Virginia Historical and Cultural Center. Invited. (In Press) Humphries, W.J., Z.I. Felix, T.K. Pauley, and W.H. Martin. 2000. A new lizard species, Cnemidophorus s. sexlineatus, in West Virginia. Proceedings of the West Virginia Academy of Science (In Press) Humphries, W.H. and T.K. Pauley. 2000. Seasonal changes in nocturnal activity of the hellbender, Cryptobranchus a. alleganiensis in West Virgnia. Journal of Herpetology, 34(4):604-607. Brophy, T. and T.K. Pauley. 2001. Eurycea cirrigera. (Southern two-lined salamander). Larval Habitat. Herpetological Review, 32(2):98-99. Waldron, J.L., T. K. Pauley, Z.I. Felix, W. J. Humphries, and A.J. Longenecker. 2000. The herpetofauna of the Bluestone National Wild and Scenic River. Proceedings of the West Virginia Academy of Science (In Press) Mitchell, J.C., T.K. Pauley, D.L. Withers, S. M. Roble, B. T. Miller, A. L. Braswell, P. V. Cupp, and C. S. Hobson. Conservation Status of The Southern Appalachian Herpetofauna. 1999. Virginia Journal of Science, 50(1) :1-35. Pauley, T.K. and M. Little. 1998. A New Technique to Monitor Larval and Juvenile Salamanders in Stream Habitats. Banistera, 12:32-36. Jewell, R. D. and T. K. Pauley. 1995. Notes on the Reproductive Biology of the salamander Plethodon richmondi (Nettingi and Mittleman) in West Virginia. Herpetological Natural History, 3(1):91-93 Pauley, T. K. 1995. Effects of Diflubenzuron on Non-target Organisms (Salamanders) in Broadleaf Forested Watersheds in the Northeast. National Center of Forest Health Management, Technology Transfer. USDA-Forest Service, FHM-NC-0595: Chapter 6:42-52 and Chapter 3:14-22. Pauley, T. K. and J. W. Barron. 1995. Natural History and Ecology of Anurans. In Mitigated Wetland Restoration: Environmental Effects at Green Bottom Wildlife Management Area, West Virginia. U.S. Army Corps of Enginzers WtzrWy-er W~rlmnt-et -atlop-. ~~~tl~~-*~ecear~b-P~WQ- Technical Report WRP-RE-10. pp 158-171.

~~ ~ ~ ~~~~ ~ Paulev, T.K. and E.C. Keller, Jr. 1993. Relationships of Burrow Size, Soil Temperature, and Body Size and Temperature in the Salamanders P1 ethodon wehrl ei and P1 ethodon cinereus. Proc . West Virginia Acad. Sci. 65(2,3,4):2-7.

2 Canterbury, R. C. and T. K. Pauley. 1994. Time of Mating and Egg Deposition of West Virginia Populations of the Green Salamander, Aneides aeneus (Cope and Packard). Journal of Herpetology, 28(4):431 -434. Joy, J. E., T. K. Pauley, and M. L. Little. 1993. Prevalence and intensity of Thelandros magnavulvaris and Omeia papillocauda (Nematoda) in two species of Desmognathine salamanders from West Virginia. J. Helminthol. SOC. Wash. 60(1):93-95. Canterbury, R. C. and T. K. Pauley. 1990. Food Habits of Aneides aeneus in West Virginia. Proc. West Virginia Acad. Sci. 62(2,3,4):47-50. Pauley, T. K. and R. C. Canterbury. 1991. Amphibians and Reptiles of Special Concern in West Virginia. Earth Day Symposium at Bethany College. Redstart, Special Publication Number 2:38-43. Pauley, T. K. 1989. Obituary for Norman Bayard Green. Copeia, 1989(3):825-826. Pauley, T. K. 1987. Range of the Cheat Mountain Salamander. Herpetological Review, 18(2):39. Pauley, T. K. 1986. Herpetology Field Notes: Two Record Size Salamanders. Proc. West Virginia Acad. of Sci., 58(2,2,4):59-60. Pauley, T. K. 1986. Additional notes on the Range and Distribution of the Cheat Mountain Salamander, Plethodon nettingi. Proc. West Virginia Acad. Of Sci. 58 (2,3,4):56-59. Little, M. L. and T. K. Pauley. 1986. A New Record of the Diploid Species of Gray Treefrog, Hyla chrysoscelis. Proc. West Virginia Acad. of Sci., 58(2,3,4):57-59. Pauley, T. K. 1986. Amphibians and reptiles of the 1985 foray. The Redstart, 53(1):34-35. Pauley, T. K. 1983. West Virginia Dusky Salamanders. The Restart, 50(3):85-91. Pauley, T. K. 1984. The amphibians and reptiles of the 1984 Brooks Bird Club Foray. The Restart, 52(1):40-42.

rnV 1 no- n-- I 1. !A- .LJ"c5. Mountains. Wonderful West Virginia, 46(3):24-25.

~~~

-~~~~~~ ~ paulev,- T. K. 1982. Saving the salamander. The Highlands Voice, 14(1):5.

3 Pauley, T. K. 1981. The range and distribution of the Cheat Mountain salamander, Plethodon nettingi. Proc. West Virginia Acad. of Sci., 53(2) :31-35. Pauley, T. K. 1980. Field notes on the distribution of terrestrial amphibians and reptiles of the West Virginia mountains above 970 meters. Proc. West Virginia Acad. of Sci., 52(2):84-92. Pauley, T. K. 1979. The status of the woodland salamanders in West Virginia. The Restart, 46(3):106-112. Pauley, T. K. 1978. Temperature as a single factor regulating Plethodon habitat partitioning. Proc. West Virginia Acad. of Sci., 50(2):77-83. Pauley, T. K. 1978. Moisture as a factor regulating habitat partitioning between two sympatric Plethodon species. Journal of Herpetology, 12 (4):491-493. Pauley, T. K. 1978. Food types and distribution as a Plethodon habitat partitioning factor. Bulletin of the Maryland Herpetological Society, 14 (2)79-82. Pauley, T. K. 1978. Plants as indicators of occurrence of two sympatric Plethodon species. Bulletin of the Maryland Herpetological Society, 14(1):29-35. Pauley, T. K. 1977. An Unusual Date for a Sandhill Crane in West Virginia. The Restart, 41(3):109. Pauley, T. K. 1974. A leucistic Plethodon cinereus from West Virginia. Pauley, T. K. and James C. Kroll. 1973. Marbled Salamander, Ambystoma opacum. Texas Parks and Wildlife, 32(11):23. iPauley, T. K. 1973. The Status of the Genus Carphophis in Ohio and West Virginia. Proc. West Virginia. Acad. of Sci., 45(1):64-70. Pauley, T. K. and W. H. England. 1969. Time of Mating and Egg Deposition in the salamander, Plethodon wehrlei, Fowler and Dunn, in West Virginia. Proc. W. Virginia Acad. of Sci. 45(1):64-70.

4 PUBLISHED ABSTRACTS Takahashi, M. and T.K. Pauley. 2002. Reproductive status of Plethodon cinereus along vertical gradients in West Virginia. Annual Meeting of Association of Southeastern Biologists. Southeastern Biologists 49 (2): 147. Dickson, N.J. and T.K. Pauley. 2002. The natural history of Blanchard’s cricket frog, Acris crepitans blanchardi, in southern Ohio. Annual Meeting of Association of Southeastern Biologists. Southeastern Biologists 49 (2): 147. Briesch, A.N., A.R. Briesch, and T.K. Pauley. 2002. Thermal regime of Clemys in West Virginia. Annual Meeting of Association of Southeastern Biologists. Southeastern Biologists 49 (2): 114. Johnson, K.A. and T.K. Pauley. 2002. Abiotic factors influencing the breeding, movement, and foraging of the eastern Spadefoot (Scaphiopus h. holbrookii) in West Virginia. NASA meeting. Marshall University Campus. Pauley, T.K., Z. Felix, A. Longnecker, J. Waldron, and J. Wooten. 2000. Nontarget impacts from insecticide applications and gypsy moth defoliation on terrestrial and aquatic salamanders. ASB Bulletin (In press). Pauley, T.K. 2000. Amphibians and Reptiles in wetlands of the central Appalachians. Wetlands Symposium sponsored by the West Virginia Academy of Science (In press). Waldron, J. and T.K. Pauley 2000. Aspects of the ecology of the green salamander, Aneides aeneus, in isolated boulders in West Virginia. ASB Bulletin (In press). [Burley, E., M. Peterman, L. VanGordon, M. Watson, D. Severson, and T.Pauley. 2000. Salamander populations in the Allegheny National Forest: the role of invasive plants. Pennsylvania Academy of Science (Submitted). Guenther, T., E. Burley, M. Peterman, L. VanGordon, D. Severson, and T. Pauley. 2000. Salamander populations in the Allegheny National Forest: the role of bryophytes. Pennsylvania Academy of Science (submitted) Pauley, T.K. and J.C. Mitchell. 1999. Potential effects of silvicultural 8. nractlpAs 2-eFpslt12s cp+ fr\r-st &vs In S t-rp, Pennsylvania. ASB Bulletin 46(2):138. Pauley, B.A. and T.K. Pauley. 1999. The association of Plethodon nettingi with emergent rocks. ASB Bulletin 46(2):138.

5 Humphries, W.J. and T.K. Pauley. 1999. Population demography and habitat utilization of the eastern hellbender, Crmtobranchus a. alleganiensis, in Pocahontas County, West Virginia. ASB Bulletin 46(2):138. Mitchell, J.C., T.K. Pauley, D.L. Withers, S. M. Roble, B. T. Miller, A. L. Braswell, P. V. Cupp, and C. S. Hobson. Conservation Status of The Southern Appalachian Herpetofauna. 1999. Proceedings of the Appalachian Biogeography Symposium. Virginia Museum of Natural History Special Publication Number 7. Lindley, B. and T.K. Pauley. 1999. Study of the natural history for the northern spring salamander, Gyrinophilus p. porphyriticus at the Westvaco Wildlife and Ecosystem Research Forest in Randolph County, West Virginia. ASB Bulletin 46(2):137. Raimondo, S. and T.K. Pauley. 1999. Potential Shifts in salamander diets as indirect effects of gypsy moth pesticides. ASB Bulletin 46(2):137. 'Pauley,T.K, S. Raimondo, B. Lindley, M. Hamilton, and J. Humphries. 1998. Potential impacts on forest salamanders from multiple applications of insecticides. Annual Meeting of the West Virginia Academy of Science. Pauley, T.K., R. Rogers, B. Pauley, and J. Campbell. 1998. A study of amphibians and reptiles in the Westvaco Wildlife and Ecosystem Research Forest. Annual Meeting of the West Virginia Academy of Science. Pauley, B.A. and T.K. Pauley. 1998. Microdistribution of Plethodon nettingi in assocation with emergent rocks. Proc. W. Vrrginia Acad. of Sci. Rogers, A.M. and T.K. Pauley. 1998. Ecology and natural history of Rana clamitans melanota larvae in West Virginia. Proc. W. Virginia Acad. of Sci. iRaimondo, S. and T.K. Pauley. 1998. Diet composition and feeding niche overlap of five species of plethodontid salamanders. Proc. W. Virginia Acad. of Sci. Pauley, T. K. 1997. Study of a relocated population of Plethodon nettingi Green. ASB Bulletin. Tucker, R. B., T. K. Pauley, and J. C. Mitchell. 1997. Notes on the natural history and ecology of Plethodon punctatus Highton. ASB Bulletin. Piascik, Jennifer and Thomas K. Pauley. 1997. Natural history notes of t - ~ -No taph eha-1nus-v-vLci d~~~~~i~W~t~~~~~ia~~S~~~~~.~ ~ ~ Kilpatrick, S. L. and T. K. Pauley. 1996. Notes on the natural history of the four-toed salamander, Hemidactylium scutatum, in West Virginia. I ASB Bulletin, 43(2):120

6 Tucker, R. B. and T. K. Pauley. 1996. Notes on the natural history of Plethodon punctatus in West Virginia. ASB Bulletin, 43(2):120 Barron, J. W. and T. K. Pauley. 1995. Natural history of the anurans in the Green Bottom Wildlife Management Area, Cabell County, West Virginia, with special consideration for Rana palustris and Rana pipiens. ASB Bulletin, 42(2):140. Brophy, T. R. and T. K. Pauley. 1995. Larval periods, metamorphosis and egg-laying in Eurycea cirrigera from southern West Virginia. ASB Bulletin, 42 (2): 140. Turner, M. C. and T. K. Pauley. 1995. Northern range extension of Desmognathus quadramaculatus in West Virginia. ASB Bulletin, 42(2):139. Pauley, T. K. 1994. Effects of habitat disturbances on amphibians. Assoc. of Southeastern Biol. 41:113. Pauley, T. K. 1994. The impact of habitat disturbances on amphibians survival in West Virginia. Mid-Atlantic Highlands Area Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Conference:77. Pauley, T. K. 1994. Impact of habitat disturbances on amphibians in West Virginia. Annual Meeting, SOC. for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles:63. Pauley, T. K. and J. Kochenderfer. 1994. Utilization of artificial ponds by amphibians in recent clearcuts. Proc. W. Virginia Acad. of Sci. 66(1):62. Kees, G. M. and T. K. Pauley. 1994. Seasonal variation in diets of two terrestrial salamanders in the Fernow Experimental Forest, Tucker I County, West Virginia. Assoc. of Southeastern Biol. 41:lOl. Marcum, C. and T. K. Pauley. 1994. Larval characteristics of four salamander species in the Fernow Experimental Forest, Tucker County, West Virginia. Proc. W. Virginia Acad. of Sci. 66(1):58. Marcum, C. and T. K. Pauley. 1994. Hatching time and larval history for the northern two-lined salamander, Eurycea bislineata Green, in the Fernow Experimental Forest, Tucker County, West Virginia. Assoc. of Southeastern Biol. 41:102. Marcum, C. and T. K. Pauley. 1994. Nesting habitat and larval

I c&arac&ea ' afnr-&-s-hine specipin the F-P-E~Q!&-- ~~ ~~~~~~ ~ ~ Experimental Forest, Tucker County, West Virginia. Assoc. of Southeastern Biol. 41:102.

7 McClure, K. and T. K. Pauley. 1994. Comparisons of historical and current populations of Pseudacris brachyphona in western West Virginia. Assoc. of Southeastern Biol. 41:102. Pauley, T. K. 1993. Effects of habitat perturbations on the Cheat Mountain Salamander, Plethodon nettingi. Fourth Annual Southern Appalachian Man and the Biosphere Conference:50. Pauley, T. K. and J. Kochenderfer. 1993. Potential impacts of an artificially acidified watershed on forest salamanders. Proc. W. Virginia Acad. of Sci. 65(1):2-3. Pauley, T. K. and C. Marcum. 1993. Salamander of the West Virginia University Forest. Proc. W. Virginia Acad. of Sci. 65(1):49. Pauley, T. K. and G. Mills. 1993. Status of the blackbelly salamander (Desmognathus quadramaculatus) in the New River Gorge National River. Proc. W. Virginia Acad. of Sci. 65(1):48. Pauley, T. K., J. E. Bailey, and J. Kochenderfer. 1993. Impacts of herbicides and timbering operations on Plethodon cinereus (redback salamander) in northcentral West Virginia. Assoc. of Southeastern Biol. 40(2):133. Pauley, T. K., J. E. Bailey, and C. Pollio. 1993. Occurrence of the cave salamander, Eurycea lucifuga, in abandoned coal mines in West Virginia. Proc. W. Virginia Acad. of Sci. 65(1):47. Pauley, T. K., G. Kees, and C. Pollio. 1993. Status of the green salamander (Aneides aeneus) in the New River Gorge National River. Proc. W. Virginia Acad. of Sci. 65(1):48. Pauley, T. K., K. McClure, and C. Pollio. 1993. Toads and frogs on the New River Gorge National River. Proc. W. Virginia Acad. of Sci. I 65(1):46.

Pauley, T. K., L. Ordiway, and J. Kochenderfer. 1993. Terrestrial and stream salamanders of the Fernow Experimental Forest, Parsons, West Virginia. Proc. W. Virginia Acad. of Sci. 65(1):49. Bailey, J. E. and T. K. Pauley. 1993. Aspects of the natural history of the Cumberland Plateau salamander, Plethodon kentucki, in West Virginia. Assoc. of Southeastern Biol. 40(2):133.

M: 11m P 74 E)z?dleTr. sema1 alnalyses nf stream AJ-.rr/ U. -La- T, K. 1993. substrate utilization and prey selection of Desmognathus quadramaculatus

~~ -(-Ho-lbr-o okS in thcsnnrthmnntp~~~yoftsranrrp.Assoc.of ~ Southeastern Biol. 40(2):123-124.

8 Ordiway, L. and T. K. Pauley. 1993. A study of habitat selection between two salamanders: Desmogna thus ochrophaeus and P1 ethodon cinereus. Assoc. of Southeastern Biol. 40(2):133. Pollio, C. and T. K. Pauley. 1993. Interactions of adult and larval salamanders Desmognathus quadramaculatus and Eurycea cirrigera in Keeney Creek, Fayette County, West Virginia. Proc. W. Virginia Acad. of Sci. 65(1):45. Pauley, T. K. 1992. Report on amphibian and reptile roadkills in West Virginia. Proc. W. Virginia Acad. of Sci. 64(1):32. Bailey, J. E. and T. K. Pauley. 1992. Ecological Aspects of the Cumberland Plateau Salamander, Plethodon kentucki Mittleman (1951), in West Virginia. Proc. W. Virginia Acad. of Sci. 64(1):27-28. Mills, G. R. and T. K. Pauley. 1992. Comparative analysis of stomach , contents between sympatric populations of Desmognathus quadramaculatus > (Holbrook) and Desmognathus monticola Dunn in West Virginia. Proc. W. Virginia Acad. of Sci. 64(1):31. Montani, M. and T. K. Pauley. 1992. Status of Eurycea bislineata (Green) in West Virginia. Proc. W. Virginia Acad. of Sci. 64(1):31-32. Turner, M. C. and T. K. Pauley. 1992. An ecological study of Desmognathus quadramaculatus (Holbrook) in Keeney's Creek, Fayette County, West Virginia. Proc. W. Virginia Acad. of Sci. 64(1):35-36. Pauley, T. K. 1991. Effects of moisture and temperature on vertical distribution of Plethodon salamanders in West Virginia. Assoc. Southeastern Biol. 38:(2):98. Pauley, T. K. and M. L. Little. 1991. Potential effects of diflubenzuron on plethodontid salamanders. 1991 Annual Gypsy Moth Review. Raleigh, I North Carolina . Pauley, T. K, M. L. Little, R. Jewell, and P. J. Edwards. 1991. Techniques to study the effects of acid deposition and diflubenzuron on terrestrial and stream plethodontid salamanders. Second Annual Southern Appalachian Man and the Biosphere Conference:46. Little, M. L., T. K. Pauley, P. Edwards, and J. Kochenderfer. 1991. The response of an amphibian community to artificial acidification. 1991 Annual Meeting of Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles/ TTi- -4 m-1 T h-r*l-- * 77 LUYUL. I I .

J~w~I-H~DAA-T.K . PSU&~--IT-nf_nctar--- ~ controllins mechanisms requlating the distribution of two Plethodon species. Assoc. of Southeastern Biol. 39(2):114-115.

9 Pauley, T. K., J. Browning, T. Miller and J. Fulks. 1991. Amphibians and reptiles of Greenbottom Wildlife Management Area, Cabell County, West Virginia. Proc. West Virginia Acad. Sci. 63(1):27. Pauley, T. K. and R. A. Canterbury. 1991. Status of the genus Desmognathus in West Virginia. Proc. West Virginia Acad. Sci. 63(1):26-27. Bailey, J. and T. K. Pauley. 1991. The range and distribution of the Cumberland Plateau salamander , Plethodon kentucki (M Canterbury, R. A. and T. K. Pauley. 1991. Intra and interspecific competition in the Green Salamander, Aneides aeneus. Assoc. Southeastern Biol. 38(2):114. Canterbury, R. A. and T. K. Pauley. 1991. Gut analysis of the green salamander (Aneides aeneus) in West Virginia. Proc. West Virginia Acad. Sci. 63(1) :27. 'Canterbury,R. A. and T. K. Pauley. 1991. Time of mating and egg deposition of West Virginia populations of the green salamander, Aneides aeneus. Proc. West Virginia Acad. Sci. 63(1):24. Casto, M. C. and T. K. Pauley. 1991. Spermatogenic wave of Desmognathus m. monticola in West Virginia. Proc. West Virginia Acad. Sci. 63(1) :26.

Holmes, B. A. and T. K. Pauley. 1991. Male reproductive cycle of Plethodon cinereus in West Virginia. Proc. West Virginia Acad. Sci. 63(1) :24.

Jewell, R. D. and T. K. Pauley. 1991. Natural History of the ravine salamander (Plethodon richmondi) in northwestern West Virginia. Proc. West Virginia Acad. Sci. 63(1):23-24. ~Jewell,R. D. and T. K. Pauley. 1991. The effects of the Ice Age of the distribution of the redback salamander (Plethodon cinereus) and the ravine salamander (Plethodon richmondi) in West Virginia. Proc. West Virginia Acad. Sci. 63(1) :28. King, R. L. and T. K. Pauley. 1991. Male reproductive cycle of Desmognathus ochrophaeus in West Virginia. Proc. West Virginia Acad. Sci. 63(1) :25.

Longbrine, T. W. and T. K. Pauley.- 1991. Range of Ambystoma- texanum and est Virguua.I. Proc. West Vir-. I. Sci. 64(1) :25.

Pauley, T. -K. 1990. The ecology of the Cheat Mountain salamander, Plethodon netting2 (Green), with d iscussions on two sympatric species. Assoc. Southeast. Biol.

10 Pauley, B. A. and T. K. Pauley. 1990. Competitive interactions between two sympatric Plethodon salamanders. Proc. West Virginia Acad. Sci., 62(1):19. Pauley, T. K., M. L. Little, P. Edwards, and J. Kochenderfer. 1990. The effects of the 1988 drought on surface abundance of terrestrial salamanders. Proc. West Virginia Acad. Sci., 62(1):19. Jewell, R. D. and T. K. Pauley. 1990. The reproductive cycle of the ravine salamander (Plethodon richmondi) in West Virginia. Proc. West Virginia Acad. Sci., 62(1):17. Little, M. L., T. K. Pauley, J. Kochenderfer, and P. Edwards. 1990. The association of forest maturity with salamander abundance. Proc. West Virginia Acad. Sci. , 62 (1): 18. Pauley, T. K. 1989. The effects of high elevations on the distribution of amphibians and reptiles in West Virginia. Symposium on Upland Forests. 1 Proc. West Virginia Acad. Sci., 61(1):28-29. Pauley, T. K. and M. L. Little. 1989. The assessment of salamander populations in an Appalachian Forest. Proc. West Virginia Acad. Sci., 61 (1): 19-20. Little, M. L., T. K. Pauley, and M. D. Adkins. 1989. The extent of acidification of vernal pools in the Appalachian Highlands of West Virginia. Proc. West Virginia Acad. Sci., 61(1):18-19. Pauley, T. K. 1987. Habitat Disturbances on the Cheat Mountain Salamander. Proc. West Virginia Acad. Sci., 59(1):23. Vecellio, A. E., E. C. Keller, and T. K. Pauley. 1987. Elevation and aspect preferences of various species of salamanders in West Virginia. AAAS . 'Pauley,T. K. 1985. Amphibians and reptiles with limited ranges in West Virginia. Proc. West Virginia Acad. Sci., 57(1):4. Pauley, T. K. 1984. The distribution of Virginia valeriae pulchra in West Virginia. Proc. West Virginia Acad. Sci., 56(1):6. Pauley, T. K. 1982. A study of a transferred population of Cheat Mountain salamanders. Proc. West Virginia Acad. of Sci., 54(1):13.

11 POSTERS Bayne, K. and T.K. Pauley. 2002. The natural history and morphology of the eastern cricket frog, Acris c. crepitans, in West Virginia. Annual Meeting of Association of Southeastern Biologists. (Poster).Southeastern Biologists 49 (2): 114. Johnson, K.A., M.S. Osbourn, and T.K. Pauley. 2002. Seasonal activity patterns of Plethodon cinereus and P. hoffrnani in West Virginia. Annual Meeting of Association of Southeastern Biologists. (Poster). Southeastern Biologists 49 (2): 115. Pauley, T.K. M. Obermeyer, S. Myers, A. Mann. 2002. Influence of W-b radiation, dissolved aluminum and pH on amphibians in high elevation fens in West Virginia. Annual Meeting of Association of Southeastern Biologists. (Poster). Southeastern Biologists 49 (2): 116. 'Watson,M.B. and T.K. Pauley. 2002. Habitat use of turtles on a high- order stream modified for navigation. Annual Meeting of Association of Southeastern Biologists. (Poster). Southeastern Biologists 49 (2): 118. Wooten, J.A. and T.K. Pauley. 2002. Morphological differences in the black-bellied salamander, Desrnognathus quadramaculatus (Holbrook), between West Virginia and non-West Virginia individuals. Annual Meeting of Association of Southeastern Biologists. (Poster). Southeastern Biologists 49 (2): 118. Briesch, A.N., A.R. Briesch, and T.K. Pauley. 2002. Using Temperature Loggers to Supplement Wood Turtle Telemetry Data. (Poster). Proceedings of the West Virginia Academy of Sciences (In press). Pauley, T.K., A.N. Briesch, and S.J. Myers. 2002. Status of the West Virginia State Collection of Amphibians and Reptiles. (Poster). 1 Proceedings of the West Virginia Academy of Sciences (In press). Pauley, T.K., A. Longenecker, B. Lindley, J. Waldron, and S. Raimondo. 1999. Potential impacts on forest salamanders from multiple applications of insecticides (an update). Annual Meeting of the West Virginia Academy of Science. Pauley, T.K., S. Raimondo, B. Lindley, M. Hamilton, and J. Humphries. 1998. Potential impacts on forest salamanders from multiple applications of insecticides. Annual Meeting of the West Virginia Academy of

Pauley, T.K., R. Rogers, B. Pauley, and J. Campbell. 1998. A study of I amphibians and reptiles in the Westvaco Wildlife and Ecosystem Researck- - c .. I. b'orest. mnual Meeting 01 cne wesc vlrglnla Hcaaemy- oi Science.

12 Pauley, T.K. 1994. The impact of habitat disturbances on amphibians survival in West Virginia. Mid-Atlantic Highlands Area Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Conference:77. Pauley, T.K. 1994. Impact of habitat disturbances on amphibians in West Virginia. Annual Meeting, SOC. for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles:63. Pauley, T.K. and J. Kochenderfer. 1994. Utilization of artificial ponds by amphibians in recent clearcuts. Proc. W. Virginia Acad. of Sci. 66(1):62.

GOVERNMENT AND PRIVITE SECTOR DOCUMENTS Pauley, T.K. and M.B. Watson. 2002. Biological Evaluation. Occurrence of the Cheat Mountain Salamander (Plethodon nettingi green) along I Salamander Run. Timberline Four Season Resort and United States Forest Service. Pauley, T.K., B.A. Pauley, and M.B. Watson. 1999. Biological Management Plan for the Glendorn Estate. Bradford, Pennsylvania. Pauley, T.K. and B.A. Pauley 1998. Baseline Data on the Status of Amphibians and Reptiles at the Dolly Sods and Otter Creek National Wilderness Area. United States Forest Service, Elkins, West Virginia. Pauley, T. K., W. Grafton, and B. A. Pauley. 1996. Biological Evaluation -IN Environmental Assessment for Long-Term Non-Target Gypsy Moth Study, 1995-2003, on the Monongahela National Forest. United States Forest Service, Elkins, West Virginia. Pauley, T. K. and D. Wegmann. 1995. Biological Evaluation IN Dolly Sods 1 Wilderness Ordnance Removal Project Environmental Assessment - Final. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Huntington District. Pauley, T.K. 1994. Impact of Deer and Silvicultural Treatment on Forest Amphibians in Northwestern Pennsylvania. USDA-Forest Service. Pauley, T. K. 1993. Report of the Upland Vertebrates in the New River Gorge National River. Volume 1-111. 1,119 pp.

Pauley, T. K. and G. R. Pauley. 1992. Review of Literature Pertinent to the Bluestone National Scenic River. United States Park Service.

13 Pauley, T. K. 1991. Cheat Mountain Salamander (Plethodon nettingi) Recovery Plan. United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Northeast Region. Newton Corner, MA. 31 pp. Pauley, T. K. 1989. The Occurrence of the Cheat Mountain Salamander (Plethodon nettingi) and Mountain Earth Snake (Virginia valeriae pulchra) on the Mower Tract. West Virginia Department of Natural Resources and United States Forest Service. 22 pp. Michael, E. L. and T. K. Pauley. 1988. Preliminary Environmental Statement. Proposed Ski Facility - Cacapon State Park, West Virginia Department of Commerce. 13 pp. Michael, E. L. and T. K. Pauley. 1988. Environmental Impact Assessment. Canaan Valley State Park Proposed Golf Course Expansion. West Virginia Department of Commerce. 17 pp. Michael, E. L. and T. K. Pauley. 1988. Environmental Impact Assessment. , Canaan Valley State Park Proposed Expansion. West Virginia Department of Commerce. 129 pp. Pauley, T. K. 1986. The Effect of Dimilin on Forest Amphibians. USDA Northeastern Experimental Station, Parsons, West Virginia. 10 pp. Pauley, T. K. 1985. Distribution and Status of the Cheat Mountain Salamander. U. S. Fish and Wildlife. 54 pp. Pauley, T. K. 1983. Survey of Rare and Endangered Plants on Shavers Fork. Office of Surface mining - United States Department of Interior. 7pp Pauley, T. K. 1983. Survey for the Cheat Mountain Salamander in the Shavers Fork Area. Office of Surface Mining -- United States Department of Interior. 13 pp. 'Pauley, T. K. 1981. Occurrence of Plethodon nettingi in Shavers Fork. DRAFT SHAVERS FORK PETITION. DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR. Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement. Draft 522 SMCRA Decision Document, I11 632-33. Pauley, T. K. and Jesse F. Clovis. 1980. The ecological status of the Cheat Mountain Salamander. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service Report 7798. 160 pp.

14 BOOKS. BROCHURES. AND MANUALS Pauley, T. K. and M.B. Watson. Aneides aeneus. Pp.xx. In. Lannoo, J.J. (Ed.). Status and Conservation of U.S. Amphibians: Volume 11. Species Accounts. University of California Press, Berkeley, California. December 2002.

Pauley, T. K. and M.B. Watson. Plethodon wehrlei. Pp.xx. In. Lannoo, J.J. (Ed.). Status and Conservation of U.S. Amphibians: Volume 11. Species Accounts. University of California Press, Berkeley, California. December 2002.

Pauley, T. K. and M.B. Watson. Plethodon nettingii. Pp.xx. In. Lannoo, J.J. (Ed.). Status and Conservation of U.S..Amphibians: Volume 11. Species Accounts. University of California Press, Berkeley, California. December 2002.

Pauley, T. K. and M.B. Watson. Plethodon richmondi. Pp.xx. In. Lannoo, 'J.J. (Ed.). Status and Conservation of U.S. Amphibians: Volume 11. Species Accounts. University of California Press, Berkeley, California. December 2002.

Pauley, T. K. and M.B. Watson. Plethodon kentucki. Pp.xx. In. Lannoo, J.J. (Ed.). Status and Conservation of U.S. Amphibians: Volume 11. Species Accounts. University of California Press, Berkeley, California. December 2002.

Pauley, T. K. and M.B. Watson. Eurycea cirrigera. Pp.xx. In. Lannoo, J.J. (Ed.). Status and Conservation of U.S. Amphibians: Volume 11. Species Accounts. University of California Press, Berkeley, California. December 2002.

Pauley, T.K. and M.B. Watson. Desmognathus ochrophaeus. Pp.xx. In Lannoo, J.J. (Ed). Status and Conservation of U.S. Amphibians. Volume 11. Species iAccounts. University of California Press, Berkeley, California. December 2002.

Watson, M.B. and T.K. Pauley. Desmognathus quadramaculatus. Pp.xx. In. Lannoo, J.J. (Ed.). Status and Conservation of U.S. Amphibians: Volume 11. Species Accounts. University of California Press, Berkeley, California. December 2002. Watson, M.B. and T. K. Pauley. Pp.xx. Ambystoma barbouri. In. Lannoo, J.J. (Ed.). Status and Conservation of U.S. Amphibians: Volume 11. Species nmLp-ts. -ley; fdlifnrnia- 2002.

Mitchell, J.C. and T.K. Pauley. Plethodon punctatus. Pp.xx. In. Lannoo, J.J. (Ed.). Status and Conservation of U.S. Amphibians: Volume 11. Species Accounts. University of California Press, Berkeley, California. December

15 Mitchell, J.C. and T. K. Pauley. Pseudacris brachyphona. Pp.xx. In. Lannoo, J.J. (Ed.). Status and Conservation of U.S. Amphibians: Volume 11. Species Accounts. University of California Press, Berkeley, California. December 2002. Pauley, T.K. Habitat restoration is not always sufficient: Historical contingencies mark the current distribution of Cheat Mountain salamanders (Plethodon nettingi) . Volume I. Essays. Pp.xx. In. Lannoo, J.J. (Ed.). Status and Conservation of U.S. Amphibians: University of California Press, Berkeley, California. December 2002. Pauley, T.K. The role of subtle forest fragmentation in amphibian declines. Volume I. Essays. Pp.xx. In. Lannoo, J.J. (Ed.). Status and Conservation of U.S. Amphibians: University of California Press, Berkeley, California. December 2002. Pauley, T.K. Habitat disturbances can create amphibian habitats: an example ."fromWest Virginia coal mines. Volume I. Essays. Pp.xx. In. Lannoo, J.J. (Ed.). Status and Conservation of U.S. Amphibians: University of California Press, Berkeley, California. December 2002. Pauley, T.K. Syngerism. Volume I. Essays. Pp.xx. In. Lannoo, J.J. (Ed.). Status and Conservation of U.S. Amphibians: University of California Press, Berkeley, California. December 2002. Pauley, T.K. Uncommon species may be common. Volume I. Essays. Pp.xx. In. Lannoo, J.J. (Ed.). Status and Conservation of U.S. Amphibians: University of California Press, Berkeley, California. December 2002. Amphibians and Reptiles in West Virginia (Second Edition). First edition was published by the University of Pittsburgh Press. Target date for completion is December 2002. )An Atlas of Amphibians and Reptiles in West Virginia. Target date for completion is December 2003. Pauley, T. K., J.C. Mitchell, R.R. Buech, and J.J. Moriarty. 2000. Ecology and management of riparian habitats for amphibians and reptiles (Chapter 10, pages 169-192). In: Riparian Management in Forests of the Continental Eastern United States. E.S. Verry, J.W. Hornbeck, and C.A. Dolloff, editors. CRC Press (Lewis Publishers).

-PaL1-rey7KWME. Seid=-@Q2. TLIXALW a=d LizardSLdLWesL - Virginia. West Virginia Division of Natural Resources, Wildlife Resources Section. 12 pp.

16 Pauley, T. K. 1993. Upland Forests of West Virginia (ea. S. L Stephenson). Chapter on Amphibians and Reptiles of the Upland Forest. 179-196.

Keller, E. C., Jr., T. K. Pauley. 1981. Teaching the Physically Disabled in the Mainstream Science class at the Secondary and College Levels. Funded by the National Science Foundation, Grant #SP181-00966. Pauley, T. K. 1988. Vertebrates of Pennsylvania (Amphibian and Reptile Section). Published by the University of Pittsburgh Laboratory of Ecology. 106 pp. ISBN 0-931796-07-5. Green, N. B. and T. K. Pauley. 1987. Amphibians and Reptiles in West Virginia. University of Pittsburgh Press. 241 pp. ISBN 0-8229-3819-7 and 0-8229-5802-3.