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(Mammalia) from the French Locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with Possible New Representatives from the Late Ypresian

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(Mammalia) from the French Locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with Possible New Representatives from the Late Ypresian geodiversitas 2020 42 13 né – Car ig ni e vo P r e e s n a o f h t p h é e t S C l e a n i r o o z o m i e c – M DIRECTEUR DE LA PUBLICATION / PUBLICATION DIRECTOR: Bruno David, Président du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle RÉDACTEUR EN CHEF / EDITOR-IN-CHIEF : Didier Merle ASSISTANT DE RÉDACTION / ASSISTANT EDITOR : Emmanuel Côtez ([email protected]) MISE EN PAGE / PAGE LAYOUT : Emmanuel Côtez COMITÉ SCIENTIFIQUE / SCIENTIFIC BOARD : Christine Argot (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris) Beatrix Azanza (Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid) Raymond L. Bernor (Howard University, Washington DC) Alain Blieck (chercheur CNRS retraité, Haubourdin) Henning Blom (Uppsala University) Jean Broutin (Sorbonne Université, Paris, retraité) Gaël Clément (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris) Ted Daeschler (Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphie) Bruno David (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris) Gregory D. Edgecombe (The Natural History Museum, Londres) Ursula Göhlich (Natural History Museum Vienna) Jin Meng (American Museum of Natural History, New York) Brigitte Meyer-Berthaud (CIRAD, Montpellier) Zhu Min (Chinese Academy of Sciences, Pékin) Isabelle Rouget (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris) Sevket Sen (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, retraité) Stanislav Štamberg (Museum of Eastern Bohemia, Hradec Králové) Paul Taylor (The Natural History Museum, Londres, retraité) COUVERTURE / COVER : Made from the Figures of the article. Geodiversitas est indexé dans / Geodiversitas is indexed in: – Science Citation Index Expanded (SciSearch®) – ISI Alerting Services® – Current Contents® / Physical, Chemical, and Earth Sciences® – Scopus® Geodiversitas est distribué en version électronique par / Geodiversitas is distributed electronically by: – BioOne® (http://www.bioone.org) Les articles ainsi que les nouveautés nomenclaturales publiés dans Geodiversitas sont référencés par / Articles and nomenclatural novelties published in Geodiversitas are referenced by: – ZooBank® (http://zoobank.org) Geodiversitas est une revue en flux continu publiée par les Publications scientifiquesdu Muséum, Paris Geodiversitas is a fast track journal published by the Museum Science Press, Paris Les Publications scientifiques du Muséum publient aussi / The Museum Science Press also publish: Adansonia, Zoosystema, Anthropozoologica, European Journal of Taxonomy, Naturae, Cryptogamie sous-sections Algologie, Bryologie, Mycologie. Diffusion – Publications scientifiques Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle CP 41 – 57 rue Cuvier F-75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) Tél. : 33 (0)1 40 79 48 05 / Fax : 33 (0)1 40 79 38 40 [email protected] / http://sciencepress.mnhn.fr © Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, 2020 ISSN (imprimé / print) : 1280-9659/ ISSN (électronique / electronic) : 1638-9395 The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian Floréal SOLÉ D.O. Earth and History of Life, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, rue Vautier 29, B-1000 Brussels (Belgium) Bernard MARANDAT Fabrice LIHOREAU Institut des Sciences de l’Évolution de Montpellier, Univ. Montpellier CNRS IRD EPHE, Montpellier (France) Submitted on 31 December 2018 | accepted on 3 September 2019 | published on 4 June 2020 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:52D33BB7-2713-4F9D-AACF-3FAA90FDB31F Solé F., Marandat B. & Lihoreau F. 2020. — The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian, in Bonis L. de & Werdelin L. (eds), Memorial to Stéphane Pei- gné: Carnivores (Hyaenodonta and Carnivora) of the Cenozoic. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214. https://doi.org/10.5252/ geodiversitas2020v42a13. http://geodiversitas.com/42/13 ABSTRACT We describe the carnivorous mammals from the Eocene French locality of Aumelas (Hérault, France). All the carnivores that have been recovered from the fossiliferous locality belong to the Hyaenodonta, a group that was very diverse during the Eocene of Europe. Three new species are described. Mat- thodon peignei n. sp. is intermediate in size between M. menui (Rich, 1971) and M. tritens Lange- Badré & Haubold, 1990. This is the first known occurrence of this genus in southwestern Europe. Oxyaenoides aumelasiensis n. sp. is distinct from other Oxyaenoides Matthes, 1967 species by its smaller size (15% smaller than O. bicuspidens Matthes, 1967). A third new species is proposed from Aume- las: Leonhardtina meridianum n. sp. The hyaenodonts from Aumelas appear to be morphologically similar to hyaenodonts from late Ypresian to early Lutetian of the northwestern Europe (European mammal reference level MP10 and MP11). These new species are incorporated into a phylogenetic KEY WORDS Europe, analysis and are resolved within the clade Hyaenodontoidea. Our analysis interestingly recovered the Carnivores, Prionogalidae and Thereu therium as members of the Hyainailourinae. Based on the carnivorous faunal Paleogene, analysis, Aumelas is likely close to the Ypresian/Lutetian transition. However, because the hyaenodonts Endemism, Tethys, display unusual sizes that could result from provincialism, dates for Aumelas based on only these new species. taxa should be treated cautiously, and will require confirmation based on a broader faunal analysis. GEODIVERSITAS • 2020 • 42 (13) © Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. www.geodiversitas.com 185 Solé F. et al. RÉSUMÉ Les hyénodontes (Mammalia) de la localité française d’Aumelas (Hérault), de possibles nouveaux repré- sentants de l’Yprésien tardif. Nous décrivons les mammifères carnassiers de la localité française d’Aumelas (Hérault, France). Tous les fossiles découverts dans cette localité appartiennent au Hyaenodonta, un groupe de carnassiers très diversifié en Europe durant l’Éocène. Trois nouvelles espèces sont reconnues.Matthodon peignei n. sp. est morphologiquement similaire aux deux espèces précédemment référées à ce genre – M. menui (Rich, 1971) and M. tritens Lange-Badré & Haubold, 1990 – mais elle est intermédiaire en taille. Ceci est la première occurrence de ce genre particulier dans le sud-ouest de l’Europe. Oxyaenoides aumelasiensis n. sp. se distingue des autres espèces d’Oxyaenoides Matthes, 1967 par une plus petite taille (15 % par rapport à O. bicuspidens Matthes, 1967, la plus petite espèce du genre). La troisième espèce appartient au genre Leonhardtina Matthes, 1952: L. meridianum n. sp. Les hyénodontes d’Au- melas sont morphologiquement proches des hyénodontes connus à l’Yprésien tardif et au début du Lutétien (niveaux repères MP10 et MP11) dans le nord-ouest de l’Europe. Ces nouvelles espèces ont été incluses au sein d’une analyse phylogénétique des hyaenodontes ; il ressort qu’elles appartiennent au clade des Hyaenodontoidea. Cette analyse phylogénétique se distingue des précédentes en ce qu’elle conduit à envisager les Prionogalidae comme des membres des Hyainailourinae. Sur la base MOTS CLÉS Europe, de la faune carnivore, un âge proche de la transition Yprésien/Lutétien pour les fossiles d’Aumelas carnivores, apparaît possible, contrairement à ce qui avait été proposé jusqu’à présent. Cependant, étant donné Paléogène, que les hyénodontes d’Aumelas présentent des tailles inhabituelles, dues vraisemblablement à du endémisme, Téthys, provincialisme, la datation de la localité sur la seule base des hyénodontes demeure incertaine et espèces nouvelles. demande confirmation. INTRODUCTION 2015a) and the addition of this material to a recent phylogeny (Borths & Stevens 2019) allows us to assess the previously The fossil locality of Aumelas was discovered 20 km west of proposed age of Aumelas. These new materials also permit us Montpellier (Hérault, France) by Mr. Gabinaud and was first to compare the composition of carnivorous faunas at different reported by Hartenberger (1963). The first mammals described European Eocene localities from this locality were Propalaeotherium sp. (cf. parvulum) and Lophiodon isselensis. These identifications were revised by Sudre (1980) and Rémy et al. (2016). Other mammals, notably the MATERIAL AND METHODS adapid primate Anchomomys aff.gaillardi (Hartenberger et al. 1969; later considered as A. cf. gaillardi by Godinot 1988) and FOSSIL SPECIMENS the artiodactyl Dichobune robertiana (Sudre 1988; Sudre & The fossils described herein are all from the locality of Aumelas Ginsburg 1993), suggested the locality was slightly older (Hérault, France). Fossil collecting at Aumelas began in 1960 than Lissieu (France), or could be correlated to La Défense or and has continued under the auspices of a team from the Uni- Bouxwiller (France), and thus possibly be close to the MP13 versity of Montpellier. The fossils are removed from the matrix reference-level (late Lutetian) (BiochroM’97 1997). The faunal using acid preparation, an effort lead by one of us (B.M.), with list of Aumelas is being developed and is currently composed additional preparation at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natu- of crocodilians (Martin 2016), chelonians (Hervet 2004) and ral Sciences. The fossils are deposited in the collection of the at least 19 mammalian taxa (marsupials, bats, rodents, lipot- University of Montpellier under the acronym UM-AUMXXX. hyphlan, primates, artiodactyls and perissodactyls; see Crochet 1979; Sudre 1980, 1988; Godinot 1988; Escarguel 1999; Mai- DENTAL NOMENCLATURE AND MEASUREMENTS tre et al. 2006, 2008; Maitre 2014; Rémy et al. 2016, 2019). The
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