Implications of Magnitude Distribution Comparisons Between Trans-Neptunian Objects and Comets
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(145453) 2005 RR43: a Case for a Carbon-Depleted Population of Tnos?
A&A 468, L25–L28 (2007) Astronomy DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361:20077294 & c ESO 2007 Astrophysics Letter to the Editor The water ice rich surface of (145453) 2005 RR43: a case for a carbon-depleted population of TNOs? N. Pinilla-Alonso1, J. Licandro2,3, R. Gil-Hutton4, and R. Brunetto5,6 1 Fundación Galileo Galilei & Telescopio Nazionale Galileo, PO Box 565, 38700, S/C de La Palma, Tenerife, Spain e-mail: [email protected] 2 Isaac Newton Group, 38700 Santa Cruz de La Palma, Tenerife, Spain 3 Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, c/Vía Láctea s/n, 38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain 4 Complejo Astronómico El Leoncito (Casleo) and San Juan National University, Av. España 1512 sur, J5402DSP, San Juan, Argentina 5 Dipartimento di Fisica, Università del Salento, via Arnesano, 73100 Lecce, Italy 6 INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy Received 13 February 2007 / Accepted 23 April 2007 ABSTRACT Context. Recent results suggest that there is a group of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) (2003 EL61 being the biggest member), with surfaces composed of almost pure water ice and with very similar orbital elements. These objects provide exciting laboratories for the study of the processes that prevent the formation of an evolved mantle of organics on the surfaces of the bodies in the trans-Neptunian belt (TNb). Aims. We study the surface composition of another TNO that moves in a similar orbit, (145453) 2005 RR43, and compare it with the surface composition of the other members of the group. Methods. We report visible and near-infrared spectra in the 0.53−2.4 µm spectral range, obtained with the 4.2 m William Herschel Telescope and the 3.58 m Telescopio Nazionale Galileo at the “Roque de los Muchachos” Observatory (La Palma, Spain). -
Michael Kühn Detlev Auvermann RARE BOOKS
ANTIQUARIAT 55Michael Kühn Detlev Auvermann RARE BOOKS 1 Rolfinck’s copy ALESSANDRINI, Giulio. De medicina et medico dialogus, libris quinque distinctus. Zurich, Andreas Gessner, 1557. 4to, ff. [6], pp. AUTOLYKOS (AUTOLYCUS OF PYTANE). 356, ff. [8], with printer’s device on title and 7 woodcut initials; a few annotations in ink to the text; a very good copy in a strictly contemporary binding of blind-stamped pigskin, the upper cover stamped ‘1557’, red Autolyci De vario ortu et occasu astrorum inerrantium libri dvo nunc primum de graeca lingua in latinam edges, ties lacking; front-fly almost detached; contemporary ownership inscription of Werner Rolfinck on conuersi … de Vaticana Bibliotheca deprompti. Josepho Avria, neapolitano, interprete. Rome, Vincenzo title (see above), as well as a stamp and duplicate stamp of Breslau University library. Accolti, 1588. 4to, ff. [6], pp. 70, [2]; with large woodcut device on title, and several woodcut diagrams in the text; title a little browned, else a fine copy in 19th-century vellum-backed boards, new endpapers. EUR 3.800.- EUR 4.200.- First edition of Alessandrini’s medical dialogues, his most famous publication and a work of rare erudition. Very rare Latin edition, translated from a Greek manuscript at the Autolycus was a Greek mathematician and astronomer, who probably Giulio Alessandrini (or Julius Alexandrinus de Neustein) (1506–1590) was an Italian physician and author Vatican library, of Autolycus’ work on the rising and setting of the fixed flourished in the second half of the 4th century B.C., since he is said to of Trento who studied philosophy and medicine at the University of Padua, then mathematical science, stars. -
The Comet's Tale
THE COMET’S TALE Journal of the Comet Section of the British Astronomical Association Number 33, 2014 January Not the Comet of the Century 2013 R1 (Lovejoy) imaged by Damian Peach on 2013 December 24 using 106mm F5. STL-11k. LRGB. L: 7x2mins. RGB: 1x2mins. Today’s images of bright binocular comets rival drawings of Great Comets of the nineteenth century. Rather predictably the expected comet of the century Contents failed to materialise, however several of the other comets mentioned in the last issue, together with the Comet Section contacts 2 additional surprise shown above, put on good From the Director 2 appearances. 2011 L4 (PanSTARRS), 2012 F6 From the Secretary 3 (Lemmon), 2012 S1 (ISON) and 2013 R1 (Lovejoy) all Tales from the past 5 th became brighter than 6 magnitude and 2P/Encke, 2012 RAS meeting report 6 K5 (LINEAR), 2012 L2 (LINEAR), 2012 T5 (Bressi), Comet Section meeting report 9 2012 V2 (LINEAR), 2012 X1 (LINEAR), and 2013 V3 SPA meeting - Rob McNaught 13 (Nevski) were all binocular objects. Whether 2014 will Professional tales 14 bring such riches remains to be seen, but three comets The Legacy of Comet Hunters 16 are predicted to come within binocular range and we Project Alcock update 21 can hope for some new discoveries. We should get Review of observations 23 some spectacular close-up images of 67P/Churyumov- Prospects for 2014 44 Gerasimenko from the Rosetta spacecraft. BAA COMET SECTION NEWSLETTER 2 THE COMET’S TALE Comet Section contacts Director: Jonathan Shanklin, 11 City Road, CAMBRIDGE. CB1 1DP England. Phone: (+44) (0)1223 571250 (H) or (+44) (0)1223 221482 (W) Fax: (+44) (0)1223 221279 (W) E-Mail: [email protected] or [email protected] WWW page : http://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/~jds/ Assistant Director (Observations): Guy Hurst, 16 Westminster Close, Kempshott Rise, BASINGSTOKE, Hampshire. -
Mpc 20051215
2005 DEC. 15 M.P.C. 55685 The MINOR PLANET CIRCULARS/MINOR PLANETS AND COMETS are published, on behalf of Commission 20 of the International Astronomical Union, usually in batches on or near the date of each full moon, by: Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A. [email protected] or FAX 617{495{7231 (subscriptions) [email protected] (science) Phone 617{495{7244/7444/7440/7273 (for emergency use only). World-Wide Web address http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/iau/mpc.html ISSN 0736-6884 Brian G. Marsden, Director Gareth V. Williams, Associate Director Timothy B. Spahr, NEO Technical Specialist Syuichi Nakano, Andreas Doppler and Kyle E. Smalley, Associates Supported in part by the Brinson and TABASGO Foundations c Copyright 2005 Minor Planet Center Prepared using the Tamkin Foundation Computer Network ° EDITORIAL NOTICE 147 Osservatorio Astron¶omico di Suno. Observers L. Buzzi, D. Crespi, S. Foglia, G. Galli, S. Minuto, V. Sacco. Measurers L. Buzzi, S. Foglia, G. Galli, The Minor Planet Center is pleased to acknowledge with thanks another gen- S. Minuto. 0.40-m /4 reflector + CCD. erous donation from F. K. Edmondson (Bloomington, IN; senior former president of f 170 Observatorio de Begues. Observer J. Manteca. 0.36-m /10 Schmidt- IAU Commission 20). f Cassegrain + CCD. The next batch of Minor Planet Circulars will be issued on or about 2006 Feb. 201 Jonathan B. Postel Observatory. Observer V. Pozzoli. 0.30-m f/10 reflector 13. There will be no Circulars during January. + CCD. 204 Schiaparelli Observatory. Observer L. -
Comparative Kbology: Using Surface Spectra of Triton, Pluto, and Charon
COMPARATIVE KBOLOGY: USING SURFACE SPECTRA OF TRITON, PLUTO, AND CHARON TO INVESTIGATE ATMOSPHERIC, SURFACE, AND INTERIOR PROCESSES ON KUIPER BELT OBJECTS by BRYAN JASON HOLLER B.S., Astronomy (High Honors), University of Maryland, College Park, 2012 B.S., Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, 2012 M.S., Astronomy, University of Colorado, 2015 A thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Colorado in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences 2016 This thesis entitled: Comparative KBOlogy: Using spectra of Triton, Pluto, and Charon to investigate atmospheric, surface, and interior processes on KBOs written by Bryan Jason Holler has been approved for the Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences Dr. Leslie Young Dr. Fran Bagenal Date The final copy of this thesis has been examined by the signatories, and we find that both the content and the form meet acceptable presentation standards of scholarly work in the above mentioned discipline. ii ABSTRACT Holler, Bryan Jason (Ph.D., Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences) Comparative KBOlogy: Using spectra of Triton, Pluto, and Charon to investigate atmospheric, surface, and interior processes on KBOs Thesis directed by Dr. Leslie Young This thesis presents analyses of the surface compositions of the icy outer Solar System objects Triton, Pluto, and Charon. Pluto and its satellite Charon are Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs) while Triton, the largest of Neptune’s satellites, is a former member of the KBO population. Near-infrared spectra of Triton and Pluto were obtained over the previous 10+ years with the SpeX instrument at the IRTF and of Charon in Summer 2015 with the OSIRIS instrument at Keck. -
Kosmos, and Uranus
K O 2 M O 2 : A General £>urbep OF THE PHYSICAL PHENOMENA OF THE UNIVERSE. BY ALEXANDER VON HUMBOLDT. Vol. I. Natune vero rerum vis atque majestaa in omnibus moment is fide caret, si quia modo partes ejus ac non totam compiectatur animo. Pi- in., Hist. Nat. lib. yH. cap. 1. LONDON: HIPPOLYTE BAILLIERE, PUBLISHER, AND FOREIGN BOOKSELLER, 219, REGENT STREET. 1845. TCI HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF PRUSSIA, FREDERICK-WILLIAM IV, THIS SURVEY OF THE PHYSICAL HISTORY OF THE UNIVERSE, 3Jg Betifcatrti, WITH FEELINGS OF DEEP RESPECT AND HEARTFELT GRATITUDE, BY ALEXANDER von HUMBOLDT. PREFACE. In the evening of a long and active life, I present the public with a work the indefinite outlines of which have floated in my mind for almost half a century. I have, in many moods, regarded this work as impracticable; and when I had abandoned it, have still, rashly perhaps, returned to it again. — I lay it before my contemporaries with the diffidence which a reasonable mistrust in the measure ^of my abilities inspires. I also endeavour to forget, that works long looked for are commonly less indulgently received. If circumstances, and an irresistible propensity to pur sue science of various kinds, led me to devote myself for many years, and almost exclusively as it seemed, to parti cular branches, — to descriptive botany, geology, chemistry, astronomical observation and terrestrial magnetism, — as preparatives for a journey on a great scale, the special purpose of my studies was always one still higher than this. My main object was to prepare myself to compre Vlll PREFACE. -
A Search for Volatile Ices on the Surfaces of Cold Classical Kuiper Belt Objects
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Masters Theses Graduate School 5-2013 A search for volatile ices on the surfaces of cold classical Kuiper Belt Objects Daine Michael Wright [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes Part of the Other Astrophysics and Astronomy Commons, and the The Sun and the Solar System Commons Recommended Citation Wright, Daine Michael, "A search for volatile ices on the surfaces of cold classical Kuiper Belt Objects. " Master's Thesis, University of Tennessee, 2013. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/1699 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Daine Michael Wright entitled "A search for volatile ices on the surfaces of cold classical Kuiper Belt Objects." I have examined the final electronic copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science, with a major in Geology. Joshua Emery, Major Professor We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance: Harry McSween, Jeffrey Moersch Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) A search for volatile ices on the surfaces of cold classical Kuiper Belt Objects A Thesis Presented for The Master of Science Degree The University of Tennessee, Knoxville Daine Michael Wright May 2013 c by Daine Michael Wright, 2013 All Rights Reserved. -
Formation, Structure and Habitability of Super-Earth and Sub-Neptune
Formation, Structure and Habitability of Super-Earth and Sub-Neptune Exoplanets by Leslie Anne Rogers B.Sc., Honours Physics-Mathematics, University of Ottawa (2006) Submitted to the Department of Physics in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY June 2012 c Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2012. All rights reserved. Author.............................................................. Department of Physics May 22, 2012 Certified by. Sara Seager Professor of Planetary Science Professor of Physics Class of 1941 Professor Thesis Supervisor Accepted by . Krishna Rajagopal Professor of Physics Associate Department Head for Education 2 Formation, Structure and Habitability of Super-Earth and Sub-Neptune Exoplanets by Leslie Anne Rogers Submitted to the Department of Physics on May 22, 2012, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Abstract Insights into a distant exoplanet's interior are possible given a synergy between models and observations. Spectral observations of a star's radial velocity wobble induced by an orbiting planet's gravitational pull measure the planet mass. Photometric transit observations of a planet crossing the disk of its star measure the planet radius. This thesis interprets the measured masses and radii of super-Earth and sub-Neptune exoplanets, employing models to constrain the planets' bulk compositions, formation histories, and habitability. We develop a model for the internal structure of low-mass exoplanets consisting of up to four layers: an iron core, silicate mantle, ice layer, and gas layer. We quantify the span of plausible bulk compositions for low-mass transiting planets CoRoT-7b, GJ 436b, and HAT-P-11b, and describe how Bayesian analysis can be applied to rigorously account for observational, model, and inherent uncertainties. -
Phd. Compositional Variation of Small Bodies Across the Solar System
Observatoire de Paris Ecole´ Doctorale Astronomie et Astrophysique d'^Ile-de-France THESE` DE DOCTORAT pr´esent´eepour obtenir le grade de DOCTEUR DE L'OBSERVATOIRE DE PARIS Sp´ecialit´e:Astronomie & Astrophysique par Francesca E. DeMeo La variation compositionnelle des petits corps `atravers le syt`emesolaire soutenue le 16 juin 2010 devant le jury: Dr. Bruno Sicardy Pr´esident Dr. Hermann Boehnhardt Rapporteur Dr. Alberto Cellino Rapporteur Dr. Humberto Campins Examinateur Dr. Beth Clark Examinateur Dr. Daniel Hestroffer Examinateur Dr. M. Antonietta Barucci Co-Directrice de th`ese Dr. Richard P. Binzel Co-Directeur de th`ese LESIA, Observatoire de Paris-Meudon [email protected] The Paris Observatory Doctoral School of Astronomy and Astrophysics of ^Ile-de-France DOCTORAL THESIS presented to obtain the degree of DOCTOR OF THE PARIS OBSERVATORY Specialty: Astronomy & Astrophysics by Francesca E. DeMeo The compositional variation of small bodies across the Solar System defended the 16th of June 2010 before the jury: Dr. Bruno Sicardy President Dr. Hermann Boehnhardt Reviewer Dr. Alberto Cellino Reviewer Dr. Humberto Campins Examiner Dr. Beth Clark Examiner Dr. Daniel Hestroffer Examiner Dr. M. Antonietta Barucci Co-Advisor Dr. Richard P. Binzel Co-Advisor LESIA, Observatoire de Paris-Meudon [email protected] Abstract Small bodies hold keys to our understanding of the Solar System. By studying these populations we seek the information on the conditions and structure of the primordial and current Solar System, its evolution, and the formation process of the planets. Constraining the surface composition of small bodies provides us with the ingredients and proportions for this cosmic recipe. -
New Discoveries Beyond the Neptune and the Pluto Orbit
New Discoveries Beyond the Neptune and the Pluto Orbit © Robert von Heeren, Munich 1994-1998 (Translator: Kirstin Heimerl) This english version of my german article (1) was published in "The Mountain Astrologer"-magazine in 1/1996 (The mentioned tables and figures are not shown here, because you find them updated at my astrology-page. See: Neue Planeten) There is more news from the border of the Solar System: so far 11 trans-Neptunians (Table 2) and a further 16 trans-Plutonians (Table 1) have been brought to light (as at: October 1995) since the spectacular discovery of a trans-Plutonian miniplanet by Jewitt and Luu with the Mauna Kea Telescope at Hilo, Hawaii on August 30, 1992 (3; click here for the discovery chart of 1992 QB1). Its provisonal designation is "1992 QB1" (2). The discoveries of all this planets partly confirm the theory promulgated by the Dutch-American astronomer Gerard Kuiper (12/7/1905-12/23/1973) in 1951 (4). He assumed that a ring of comet-like matter, so-called Planetesimals, could exist beyond Neptune, which was left when the planets formed over 4 billion years ago. The existence of such a "Kuiper-belt" or "Kuiper-disk" (surrounding the whole Solar System) would explain the partly unknown origin of many comets: through collisions and orbit disturbances (caused by Neptune's gravity) within the belt isolated fragments would reach the interior of the Solar System as comets or unusual minor planets on more or less eccentric and unstable orbits. According to spectral analysises the currently known 28 Kuiper-belt objects do NOT seem to be comets, but they nonetheless belong to the Kuiper-belt. -
Absolute Magnitudes and Phase Coefficients of Trans-Neptunian Objects
A&A 586, A155 (2016) Astronomy DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201527161 & c ESO 2016 Astrophysics Absolute magnitudes and phase coefficients of trans-Neptunian objects A. Alvarez-Candal1, N. Pinilla-Alonso2, J. L. Ortiz3,R.Duffard3, N. Morales3, P. Santos-Sanz3, A. Thirouin4, and J. S. Silva1 1 Observatório Nacional / MCTI, Rua General José Cristino 77, 20921-400 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil e-mail: [email protected] 2 Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA 3 Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, CSIC, Apt 3004, 18080 Granada, Spain 4 Lowell Observatory, 1400 W Mars Hill Rd, Flagstaff, 86001 Arizona, USA Received 10 August 2015 / Accepted 27 November 2015 ABSTRACT Context. Accurate measurements of diameters of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) are extremely difficult to obtain. Thermal modeling can provide good results, but accurate absolute magnitudes are needed to constrain the thermal models and derive diameters and geometric albedos. The absolute magnitude, HV , is defined as the magnitude of the object reduced to unit helio- and geocentric distances and a zero solar phase angle and is determined using phase curves. Phase coefficients can also be obtained from phase curves. These are related to surface properties, but only few are known. Aims. Our objective is to measure accurate V-band absolute magnitudes and phase coefficients for a sample of TNOs, many of which have been observed and modeled within the program “TNOs are cool”, which is one of the Herschel Space Observatory key projects. Methods. We observed 56 objects using the V and R filters. These data, along with those available in the literature, were used to obtain phase curves and measure V-band absolute magnitudes and phase coefficients by assuming a linear trend of the phase curves and considering a magnitude variability that is due to the rotational light-curve. -
The Comet's Tale
THE COMET’S TALE Newsletter of the Comet Section of the British Astronomical Association Volume 8, No 2 (Issue 16), 2001 October DEEP SPACE 1 ENCOUNTERS 19P/Borrelly problem. All the science data ten years to facilitate the five Donald K. Yeomans were successfully received on upcoming cometary encounters Earth within a few hours after the provided by the CONTOUR, NASA/JPL, Near-Earth Object flyby itself. The DS1 spacecraft Stardust, Deep Impact, and program office was designed to test various space Rosetta spacecraft. technologies including the ion On Saturday evening at 7:00 PM, drive engine that first ionizes For more information, see: sustained applause broke out in xenon and then electrostatically the Deep Space 1 spacecraft accelerated these charged http://nmp.jpl.nasa.gov/ds1/ control room at the Jet Propulsion particles to form a modest, but Laboratory. The first high continuous, rocket thrust. resolution images of comet's Borrelly nucleus had reached Earth (Figure 1). The images were sharper than expected and revealed a very dark, outgasing nucleus shaped a bit like a bowling pin except this bowling pin was nearly the size of Mt. Everest. Examination of the surface features reveals ridges, fault lines, and bright areas that are thought to be source regions for the nucleus' jets that emanate toward the solar direction. These Figure 2 This image of comet jets are thought to be the vaporization of the comet's ices as Borrelly's nucleus has been the active regions are heated by Figure 1 This black and white purposely overexposed to show sunlight (Figure 2).