DOCSLIB.ORG

1 Drc • Humanitarian Situation in South Kivu

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
1 Drc • Humanitarian Situation in South Kivu DRC • HUMANITARIAN SITUATION IN SOUTH KIVU Situation Report N°2 29 mai 2009 This report is published by the OCHA South Kivu office. It covers the period of 19 to 29 May. The next report will be published around 5 June 2009. Highlights: Urgent need to enhance security on the Miti-Bunyakiri-Hombo axis and in Kalonge zone (Kalehe territory) Harassments by armed men continue despite increased advocacy by the humanitarian community. More that 20,000 people are displaced in the North of Shabunda A three year old girl that was raped by armed men died from her injuries. I. General Context The current security situation in South Kivu is of grave concern to humanitarian actors. While the military operations against the FDLR (Forces Démocratiques pour la Libération du Rwanda) have still not officially started, harassments of civilians by FDLR as well as the Congolese national army (FARDC) and other armed groups continue to rise. In the course of the last 10 days, seven cases of severe harassments by armed groups were recorded in South Kivu. One of the most violent incidents occurred on 22 May when armed men attacked a commercial transportation vehicle in the Kahuzi Biega Park, killing 10 persons (seven of which were civilians) and wounding 8 persons. Compared to the last reporting period, violence continues to be reported in Kalehe territory (in particular in the zones of Kalonge, Bunyakiri-Hombo, and the Hauts-Plateaux of Kalehe) as well as in Shabunda (particularly in the north), and has been spreading to Kabare territory, notably to the zone of Nindja and to other localities at the periphery of the Kahuzi-Biega National Park (KBNP). II. Protection of Civilians Humanitarian actors are deeply concerned about the deterioration of the security situation in South Kivu, particularly in the zones of FDLR presence and FARDC deployments where harassments of populations have constantly increased throughout the last month. a) FDLR actions: o A local NGO reported a FDLR attack on 24 May during which 70 houses were torched in Mulonge locality (in the area of Buloho), in the Bunyakiri-Hombo zone. Another attack occurred on 25 May in Chiriba (in the area of Mubugu) where preliminary assessments confirmed five deaths and several wounded as well as more than 100 torched houses. Population movements toward on the Bunyakiri-Hombo and the Kalehe- Nyabibwe axis were recorded following these incidents. o Suspected FDLR pillaged on 24 May houses in Ciduha and Mulangala, two villages in the locality of Kabulungu, close to the natural science research center of Lwiro, in Kabare territory. The FARDC intervened to deter the attackers who escaped with stolen cattle from the site. o During the night of 24/25 May, in Luhago (approximatley 80km west of Bukavu, in the collectivity of Nindja, Kabare territory), an attack by suspected FDLR led to pillaging and torching of several houses and the flight of the inhabitants of the locality into the forest The panic created by this attack was reinforced by a pamphlet left at the scene by the attackers in which they declared to continue their attacks as long as operation Kimia II is not stopped. During the same night another suspected FDLR attack occurred in Kabona (area of d’Ihembe, Nindja collectivity). Livestock was pillaged and panic amongst the inhabitants resulted in important population movements. o In Shabunda territory, several sources reported on 19 May the discovery of five beheaded corpses in the forest between Nzuvu and Katusi. These killings attributed to FDLR provoked flight of villagers from Luyuyu, Nzovu, Kigulube, Kiseku, Kisusu and Katusi. Approximately 4,000 residents of these six villages fled towards Byangama. o According to local humanitarian sources, two women and four men were abducted in Karega, Kalehe territory towards the forest during the night of 10/11 May. b) FARDC misconduct: o A team of the Central Office of the Health Zone of Minova was ambushed by alleged FARDC on 25 May on the Kalungu-Numbi axis in Bulagiza (28km from Minova). The militaries threatened the four team members that were traveling on motorcycles with execution and robbed them of their valuables. The team was The mission of the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) is to mobilize and coordinate effective and 1 principled humanitarian action in partnership with national and international actors. returning from Numbi where it had supervised sanitation activities, particularly measures to fight cholera which is rampant in the Health Zone of Kalehe. As a reminder, the NGO International Rescue Committee (IRC) had also been attacked on the same road axis at the beginning of this month by military elements. o Following the attack of 22 May at the entrance to the Kahuzi Biega National Park, a vehicle rented by the NGO Save The Children (carrying the logo of the NGO) was requisitioned by the FARDC at Miti to transport 10 dead FARDC soldiers to the general hospital of Bukavu. The vehicle remained at the hands of the FARDC until the next day. o In the different zones of FARDC deployments in Kalehe, Sabunda and Mwenga, arbitrary arrests, illegal taxation, and extortions of goods and money continue to be reported. c) Sexual Violence: Armed men continue to commit rapes in South Kivu. One very troubling case occurred on 20 May when a three year old girl was raped between Bunyakiri and Hombo by alleged FDLR and died on the way to the hospital. A humanitarian source cited the mother of the girls who said that all three sisters of the girl, aged 12, 14, and 17, had also been raped by armed men. In Minova, 59 recent rape cases were registered at the General Hospital of Minova between 1 and 23 May. For the entire month of April, 49 rape cases had been treated at the hospital. The majority of cases arrive from the zone of the Hauts Plateaux of Numbi-Ziralo and are attributed to FARDC soldiers. III. Population Mouvements a) Shabunda territory On 23 May 2009, the thematic group on population movements in Shabunda, reported the presence of more than 4,530 households (app. 20,700 persons) in Shabunda center, Lulingu, Byangama, Matili and Mugembe. The majority of these displaced arrive from Bamuguba North, Bamuguba-South, Baliga, Nzovu, Luyuyu et Nyambembe, Lugulu, Bwise, Kasambi, Luyuyu et Makongo due to harassments by armed men and fears of getting caught in the cross-fire during FARDC and FDLR confrontations. Shabunda centre, which is located 350 km to the west of Bukavu, is only accessible by air. This isolation reinforces humanitarian needs of the thousands of IDPs in the zone. Other displacements have been recorded in the northeast of the territory (Kigulube zone), towards the neighboring zones of Nindja (Kabare territory), Luntukulu and Nzibira (Walunge), Kalonge (Kalehe), and also towards Walikale territory (in North Kivu). b) Kabare territory Pillaging by suspected FDLR elements on 24 May in Kabulungu locality, populations of villages close to the Kahuzi Biega National Park (particularly those in Kabulungu and Kamakombe, estimated respectively at 400 and 500 households) continue to follow a pattern of pendular displacements. Important displacements have also occurred in Luhago and Ihembe areas, in the Nindja collectivity, following attacks by FDLR. c) Kalehe territory New displaced continue to arrive in Kelehe/Nyabibwe from Ziralo and Rambo (Hauts Plateaux of Kalehe). 100 households arrived in the course of last weekend. At the end of April, the Commission of Population Movements in South Kivu estimated the total number of IDPs in South Kivu (old and new caseload) at 450.000. IV. Humanitarian Response Access and security problems hinder humanitarian assistance on the Miti – Bunyakiri – Hombo axis, in Kalehe territory. The Provincial Inter-Agency Committee (CPIA) of South Kivu therefore decided on 21 May 2009, to monitor the evolution of the security situation in these zones before resuming food or NFI distributions. The CPIA further encouraged the identification and registration of displaced in areas experiencing less violence such Nindja and Luhago, in Kalehe territory where large numbers of displaced continue to arrive. Measures to secure the Miti- Bunyakiri –Hombo axis are necessary to allow humanitarian partners to operate in this zone. On 24 May, the International Rescue Committee /Rapid Response Mechanism (IRC/RRM) succeeded in persuading a local contractor to transport emergency kits to Bitale/Bunyakiri for distribution to 1600 households. Most contractors refuse to operate on this axis due to growing insecurity. Between 14 and 23 May, WFP and Caritas distributed food to 4,821 displaced households on the Kalehe- Nyabibwe axis (Kalehe territory). The establishment of a MONUC temporary operational base in Lulingu planned for 7 June will allow WFP to conduct a vulnerability assessment in the zone and to supervise the distribution of 350 tonnes of food. Two week rations of a total of 28 tonnes of high energy biscuits will be distributed to meet the most urgent nutrition needs of the population. The mission of the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) is to mobilize and coordinate effective and 2 principled humanitarian action in partnership with national and international actors. A medical team of the NGO PMU Interlife arrived in Shabunda on 25 May 09 to support treatment of sexual violence victims for one week. 65 cases of rape were registered in Shabunda, between 1 April and 7 May, 39 of which are attributed to FARDC solders newly deployed to the territory. V. Contacts Bukavu/South Kivu: • Mr. Claude Mululu, Head of Office, a.i., OCHA South Kivu, [email protected], +243 998 08 79 87 • Ms. Cynthia Kanyere, Information Assistant, OCHA South Kivu, [email protected], +243 999 30 99 56 • Mr.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Identity, Territory, and Power in the Eastern Congo Rift Valley Institute | Usalama Project
    RIFT VALLEY INSTITUTE | USALAMA PROJECT UNDERSTANDING CONGOLESE ARMED GROUPS SOUTH KIVU IDENTITY, TERRITORY, AND POWER IN THE EASTERN CONGO RIFT VALLEY INSTITUTE | USALAMA PROJECT South Kivu Identity, territory, and power in the eastern Congo KOEN VLASSENROOT Published in 2013 by the Rift Valley Institute 1 St Luke’s Mews, London W11 1DF, United Kingdom PO Box 52771 GPO, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya THE USALAMA PROJECT The Rift Valley Institute’s Usalama Project documents armed groups in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The project is supported by Humanity United and Open Square, and undertaken in collaboration with the Catholic University of Bukavu. THE RIFT VALLEY INSTITUTE (RVI) The Rift Valley Institute (www.riftvalley.net) works in Eastern and Central Africa to bring local knowledge to bear on social, political, and economic development. THE AUTHOR Koen Vlassenroot is Professor of Political Science and director of the Conflict Research Group at the University of Ghent. He is associated to the Egmont Institute and a RVI fellow. He co-authored Conflict and Social Transformation in Eastern DR Congo (2004) and co-edited The Lord’s Resistance Army: Myth or Reality? (2010). He is the lead researcher on the DRC for the Justice and Security Research Programme. CREDITS RVI ExECUTIVE DIRECTOR: John Ryle RVI PROgRAMME DIRECTOR: Christopher Kidner RVI USALAMA PROJECT DIRECTOR: Jason Stearns RVI USALAMA DEPUTY PROJECT DIRECTOR: Willy Mikenye RVI Great LAKES PROgRAMME MANAgER: Michel Thill RVI Information OFFICER: Tymon Kiepe EDITORIAL consultant: Fergus Nicoll Report DESIgN: Lindsay Nash Maps: Jillian Luff, MAPgrafix PRINTINg: Intype Libra Ltd., 3/4 Elm Grove Industrial Estate, London SW19 4HE ISBN 978-1-907431-25-8 COVER CAPTION Congolese woman carrying firewood in the hills of Minembwe, South Kivu (2012).
    [Show full text]
  • Catastrophes Naturelles Sud-Kivu
    Deux mini-stations d’épuration d’eau installées sur les rivières Mulongwe et Kamvivira et près de 50 points de chloration de l’eau assurent la disponibilité de l’eau potable aux populations sinistrés d’Uvira Briefing Humanitaire hebdomadaire Bukavu, 8 mai 2020 Coronavirus: aperçu national de l’épidémie • 23 cas confirmés au Kongo Central le 05 mai 2020 • Depuis le début de l’épidémie (10 mars 2020), 897 cas confirmés, 119 guéris et 36 décès . • 16 nouvelles personnes guéries en date du 07 mai • Les 7 provinces touchées : • • Kinshasa : 844 cas ; • Kongo Central : 29 cas ; • Haut-Katanga : 10 cas ; • Nord-Kivu : 7 cas ; • Sud-Kivu : 4 cas ; • Ituri : 2 cas ; • Kwilu : 1 cas. • ROUGEOLE : • 50 nouveaux cas de rougeole sur les deux dernières semaines, soit un cumul de 1 792 cas de janvier à début mai; • Une baisse de moitié par rapport aux deux semaines précédentes. Sud-Kivu • Fizi, Minova, Bunyakiri et Kalole restent en tête du nombre de Profil cas • Zéro décès de rougeole depuis au moins 4 semaines épidémiologique • CHOLERA: • 244 nouveaux cas enregistrés les deux dernières semaines, ce qui amène le total provincial à 2 323 cas de janvier à début mai • Zéro décès depuis deux semaines; ce qui dénote une certaine efficacité dans la prise en charge médicale. • Augmentation du nombre de cas à Fizi, Minova, Bagira et Idjwi, Katana et Kadutu (par ordre d’importance) • 08 nouveaux cas à Uvira; 07 cas en S17 et 01 seul cas en S18; ce qui fait un tableau épidémiologique relativement sous contrôle dans le contexte d’inondation • Paludisme • Plus
    [Show full text]
  • Public Annex
    ICC-01/04-01/10-396-Anx 02-09-2011 1/6 CB PT Public Annex ICC-01/04-01/10-396-Anx 02-09-2011 2/6 CB PT I. General contextual elements on the recent FLDR activities in the KIVUS: 1. Since the beginning of 2011, the FARDC conducted unilateral military operations under the “AMANI LEO” (peace today) operation against the FDLR and other armed groups in North Kivu, mainly in Walikale and Lubero territories, and in South Kivu, mainly in Fizi, Uvira and Shabunda territories. 1 2. The UN Group of Experts in its interim report on 7 June 2011 states that the FDLR remain militarily the strongest armed group in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.2 3. The UN Secretary-General further reported on 17 January 2011 that “the FDLR military leadership structure remained largely intact, and dispersed”.3 The FDLR established their presences in remote areas of eastern Maniema and northern Katanga provinces 4 and have sought to reinforce their presence in Rutshuru territory.5 4. The UN GoE reported as late as June 2011 on the FDLR’s continued recruitment 6 and training of mid-level commanders 7. The FDLR also 1 Para 5, page 2 S/2011/20, Report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, 17 January 2011 (http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/2011/20 ), Para 32, page 9, S/2011/345 Interim report of the Group of Experts on the DRC submitted in accordance with paragraph 5 of Security Council resolution 1952 (2010), 7 June 2011 (http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=S/2011/345
    [Show full text]
  • The Democratic Republic of the Congo
    STRUGGLING TO SURVIVE: Children in Armed Conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo April 2006 Watchlist Mission Statement: The Watchlist on Children and Armed Conflict strives to end violations against children in armed conflicts and to guarantee their rights. As a global network, Watchlist builds partnerships among local, national and international non-governmental organizations, enhancing mutual capacities and strengths. Working together, we strategically collect and disseminate information on violations against children in conflicts in order to influence key decision-makers to create and implement programs and policies that effectively protect children. Important Notes: The names of the victims of egregious violations documented in this report have been changed to protect the security of the victims and their families. Information contained in this report is current through January 31, 2006. Watchlist’s June 2003 report on the Democratic Republic of the Congo, The Impact of Armed Conflict on Children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, is available at www.watchlist.org. Cover photo credits: OCHA and Watchlist STRUGGLING TO SURVIVE: Children in Armed Conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo April 2006 Table of Contents LIST OF ACRONYMS INDICATORS IN DRC 1 INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS 3 SUMMARY 5 CONTEXT 8 Political Background 8 Transitional Government 9 Elections 9 Parties to Conflict—Regional Involvement 10 New Armed Groups 11 Ongoing Violence: Killing, Maiming, Rape and Pillage 12 Humanitarian Crisis 13 Human Rights
    [Show full text]
  • Le Président Du Conseil De Sécurité Présente
    Le Président du Conseil de sécurité présente ses compliments aux membres du Conseil et a l'honneur de transmettre, pour information, le texte d'une lettre datée du 2 juin 2020, adressée au Président du Conseil de sécurité, par le Groupe d’experts sur la République démocratique du Congo reconduit suivant la résolution 2478 (2019) du Conseil de sécurité, ainsi que les pièces qui y sont jointes. Cette lettre et les pièces qui y sont jointes seront publiées comme document du Conseil de sécurité sous la cote S/2020/482. Le 2 juin 2020 The President of the Security Council presents his compliments to the members of the Council and has the honour to transmit herewith, for their information, a copy of a letter dated 2 June 2020 from the Group of Experts on the Democratic Republic of the Congo extended pursuant to Security Council resolution 2478 (2019) addressed to the President of the Security Council, and its enclosures. This letter and its enclosures will be issued as a document of the Security Council under the symbol S/2020/482. 2 June 2020 UNITED NATIONS NATIONS UNIES POSTAL ADDRESS-ADRESSE POSTALE: UNITED NATIONS, N.Y. 10017 CABLE ADDRESS -ADRESSE TELEGRAPHIQUE: UNATIONS NEWYORK REFERENCE: S/AC.43/2020/GE/OC.171 2 juin 2020 Monsieur Président, Les membres du Groupe d’experts sur la République démocratique du Congo, dont le mandat a été prorogé par le Conseil de sécurité dans sa résolution 2478 (2019), ont l’honneur de vous faire parvenir leur rapport final, conformément au paragraphe 4 de ladite résolution.
    [Show full text]
  • Mapping Conflict Motives: M23
    Mapping Conflict Motives: M23 1 Front Cover image: M23 combatants marching into Goma wearing RDF uniforms Antwerp, November 2012 2 Table of Contents Introduction 4 1. Background 5 2. The rebels with grievances hypothesis: unconvincing 9 3. The ethnic agenda: division within ranks 11 4. Control over minerals: Not a priority 14 5. Power motives: geopolitics and Rwandan involvement 16 Conclusion 18 3 Introduction Since 2004, IPIS has published various reports on the conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Between 2007 and 2010 IPIS focussed predominantly on the motives of the most significant remaining armed groups in the DRC in the aftermath of the Congo wars of 1996 and 1998.1 Since 2010 many of these groups have demobilised and several have integrated into the Congolese army (FARDC) and the security situation in the DRC has been slowly stabilising. However, following the November 2011 elections, a chain of events led to the creation of a ‘new’ armed group that called itself “M23”. At first, after being cornered by the FARDC near the Rwandan border, it seemed that the movement would be short-lived. However, over the following two months M23 made a remarkable recovery, took Rutshuru and Goma, and started to show national ambitions. In light of these developments and the renewed risk of large-scale armed conflict in the DRC, the European Network for Central Africa (EURAC) assessed that an accurate understanding of M23’s motives among stakeholders will be crucial for dealing with the current escalation. IPIS volunteered to provide such analysis as a brief update to its ‘mapping conflict motives’ report series.
    [Show full text]
  • Download the Full Report
    HUMAN RIGHTS JUSTICE ON TRIAL Lessons from the Minova Rape case in the Democratic Republic of Congo WATCH Justice on Trial Lessons from the Minova Rape Case in the Democratic Republic of Congo Copyright © 2015 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 978-1-6231-32781 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch is dedicated to protecting the human rights of people around the world. We stand with victims and activists to prevent discrimination, to uphold political freedom, to protect people from inhumane conduct in wartime, and to bring offenders to justice. We investigate and expose human rights violations and hold abusers accountable. We challenge governments and those who hold power to end abusive practices and respect international human rights law. We enlist the public and the international community to support the cause of human rights for all. Human Rights Watch is an international organization with staff in more than 40 countries, and offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Goma, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, New York, Paris, San Francisco, Tokyo, Toronto, Tunis, Washington DC, and Zurich. For more information, please visit our website: http://www.hrw.org OCTOBER 2015 978-1-6231-32781 Justice on Trial Lessons from the Minova Rape Case in the Democratic Republic of Congo Glossary of Abbreviations ................................................................................................. i Summary ........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Making of Ethnic Territories and Subjects in Eastern DR Congo ⁎ Kasper Hoffmann
    Geoforum xxx (xxxx) xxx–xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Geoforum journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/geoforum Ethnogovernmentality: The making of ethnic territories and subjects in Eastern DR Congo ⁎ Kasper Hoffmann University of Copenhagen, Denmark Ghent University, Belgium ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: In this article I investigate colonial constructions of ethnicity and territory and their effects in the post-in- Ethnicity dependence period in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. The core argument of the article is that the Governmentality constructions of ethnicity and territory that are set in motion in struggles over political space in the Congolese Territory conflicts are conditioned by what I call “ethnogovernmentality”, which denotes a heterogeneous ensembleof Subjectivity biopolitical and territorial rationalities and practices of power concerned with the conduct of conduct of ethnic Conflict populations. Through ethnogovernmentality colonial authorities sought to impose ordered scientific visions of DR Congo ethnicity, custom, culture, space, territory, and geography, upon ambivalent cultures and spaces. I show that while ethnogovernmentality failed to produce the stability and order the colonial authorities sought, its ethno- territorial regime of truth and practice has had durable effects on people’s sense of self and on struggles over political space. 1. A dotted red line Administrative maps are often objects of intense political struggles, especially in post-colonial context where they have been imposed on During fieldwork in eastern Congo in 2005 I showed a faded copyof ambiguous and highly heterogeneous cultural and political landscapes. a BA thesis submitted at a local university to one of my interlocutors. As the example above indicates issues related to ethnic territories and The title was “Essai d’histoire politique de Batembo” (Essay on the poli- boundaries are highly contentious in the eastern parts of Democratic tical history of the Batembo).
    [Show full text]
  • Relations Extérieures Et Communication
    Scan the QR code or Ctrl+clic on the icon below to Relations extérieures et Communication view our videos. https://ucbukavu.ac.cd/ – Super Lacus Ac Montes Splendens 02 Bugabo, Avenue de la Mission, Commune de Kadutu, Ville de Bukavu REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO MISE AU POINT SUR LES SITUATIONS UPDATE ON LOCAL HEALTH AND SAFETY SANITAIRE ET SECURITAIRE LOCALES STATUS N°009 – 15 MAI 2020 N°009 – 15 MAY 2020 SITUATION SECURITAIRE SECURITY STATUS La situation sécuritaire est relativement calme dans The security situation in Bukavu City is relatively la Ville de Bukavu. Une personne a été blessée et calm. One person was injured and valuables were des biens de valeur emportés lors d’une attaque taken during an attack by armed men against a des hommes armés contre une famille à family in Mulambula, Bagira District. In Ibanda Mulambula en Commune de Bagira. En Commune District, a woman working at Ruzizi I border d’Ibanda, une femme œuvrant à la frontière Ruzizi (between DRC and Rwanda) was deprived of her 1er a été dépouillée de son sac à main contenant purse containing a large amount of money and une importante somme d’argent et autres objets other valuables. In Uvira Territory, two alleged de grande valeur. En territoire d’Uvira, deux thieves, one being a Burundian, were caught by the présumés voleurs, dont un de nationalité population and handed over to the National Army burundaise, ont été attrapés par la population et (FARDC) in Luvungi. In Kabare Territory, passengers remis aux FARDC à Luvungi. Les passagers de cinq of five vehicles from Bukavu to Mugogo and véhicules en provenance de Bukavu pour les Walungu commercial centers were looted by centres commerciaux de Mugogo et Walungu ont armed bandits in Cidodobo.
    [Show full text]
  • Governance, Conflict, and Precarious Property Rights in Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo Kasper Hoffmann, Mariève Pouliot, and Godefroid Muzalia
    LAND GOVERNANCE IN BUKAVU | MARCH 2019 Constructed Anarchy: Governance, Conflict, and Precarious Property Rights in Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo Kasper Hoffmann, Mariève Pouliot, and Godefroid Muzalia 1 Congo Research Briefs | Issue 1 Photo from Panzi Land issues are at the heart of the Congolese conflicts (Huggins 2010; Vlassenroot 2004; Mathieu et al. 1999; Mararo 1997). Land issues have mainly been analyzed as a rural phenomenon. More recently, however, scholars have shown that land issues are crucially important in urban areas as well (Büscher 2012; Wagemakers et al. 2009; Büscher 2018; Büscher and Vlassenroot 2010; Peyton 2018). Land is a key resource and its attribution is of vital economic and political concern across societal groups. Crucially, therefore, the control of land is a key determinant of power in the Congo. Land is not only important as a material resource; it is also woven into many aspects of social life for Congo’s urban residents. Occupation and possession of land are important sources of prestige and self-esteem, and it contributes in no small way to determining people’s social, economic, and political positions in society (Büscher 2012). Hence, land issues relate to questions of property more broadly, and as such implicates social, economic, and political power relations in the widest sense (Lund and Boone 2013, 1). In this policy brief we analyze the nexus between conflict, assert their authority to exercise jurisdiction over land issues and to property rights, and land governance in the Panzi neighborhood of justify the extraction of unofficial income from Panzi residents. In Bukavu, the provincial capital of South Kivu.
    [Show full text]
  • Expanding Use of Household Water Treatment in South Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo Results and Lessons Learned
    EXPANDING USE OF HOUSEHOLD WATER TREATMENT IN SOUTH KIVU, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO RESULTS AND LESSONS LEARNED PROGRAM CONTEXT in rural areas have access to improved water sources. Even then, water from an improved One of the largest countries in Africa in both water source may not be safe. Transport and size and population, the Democratic Republic storage of water can be major periods of re- of Congo (DRC) is one of the poorest contamination. The urban/rural divide carries in the world. According to the 2010 UN over into access to sanitation as well: only Development Index, it ranks 168th out of 4% of households in rural areas have access 169 countries, ahead of only Zimbabwe.1 For to improved sanitation compared to 36% in DRC’s 71 million people, life expectancy is a urban areas. relatively short 48 years, due to continuing civil conflict and high rates of poverty, disease The lack of safe water, adequate hygiene, and and famine.2 This high level of conflict has sanitation negatively impacts child health led to a humanitarian crisis in the country, and adds to the high mortality rate (148 per especially in the eastern regions. 1,000 live births). In 2007, 16% of children under age five had diarrhea during the two According to the 2010 Multiple Indicator weeks preceding the Demographic and Health Cluster (MICS) survey, only 47% of the Survey (DHS).4 According to the 2010 MICS population has access to improved water survey, this has grown to 18%.5 sources. 3There is also a significant urban/ rural disparity in water access.
    [Show full text]
  • Mission D'évaluation Des Besoins Humanitaires Province Du
    1 Bureau de Coordination des Affaires Humanitaires Nations Unies OCHA République Démocratique du Congo _________________________________________________ Mission d’évaluation des besoins humanitaires Province du Sud­Kivu Mission d’évaluation des besoins humanitaires 2005 2 LE SUD­KIVU La Province du Sud Kivu est située à l’Est de la République Démocratique du Congo. Elle est limitée : ­ au Nord par la Province du Nord Kivu, ­ à l’Est par les Républiques du Rwanda, du Burundi et de la Tanzanie, ­ au Sud par la Province du Katanga et ­ à l’Ouest par la Province du Maniema. ­ Avec une superficie de 65.129 km², la Province compte 3.464.082 habitants 1 pour une densité de 53 habitants / km². Le Sud Kivu est subdivisé en huit territoires qui sont : Fizi, Idjwi, Kabare, Mwenga, Shabunda, Uvira, Walungu et Kalehe. A ces Territoires s’ajoute la ville de Bukavu avec ses trois communes : Bagira, Ibanda et Kadutu. Le relief du Sud Kivu est subdivisé en 2 ensembles : l’Est est montagneux alors que le Centre et l’Ouest sont dominés par des plateaux. On observe un bas relief dans la plaine de la Ruzizi entre Uvira et Kamanyola. Le climat est fortement influencé par l’altitude. L’est de la province jouit d’un climat de montagne où la saison sèche dure 3 à 4 mois de juin à septembre. A l’ouest (dans les territoires de Shabunda et de Mwenga), le climat est de type équatorial, par contre, la plaine de la Ruzizi connaît un microclimat. On y rencontre deux lacs : le lac Kivu au nord et le Lac Tanganyika au sud.
    [Show full text]