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Human Resource Management Strategies for Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprise Project Success Armstrong Matthew Alexis Walden University

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Human Resource Management Strategies for Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprise Project Success Armstrong Matthew Alexis Walden University Walden University ScholarWorks Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection 2018 Human Resource Management Strategies for Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprise Project Success Armstrong Matthew Alexis Walden University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations Part of the Business Commons This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Collection at ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Walden University College of Management and Technology This is to certify that the doctoral study by Armstrong M. Alexis has been found to be complete and satisfactory in all respects, and that any and all revisions required by the review committee have been made. Review Committee Dr. Dorothy Hanson, Committee Chairperson, Doctor of Business Administration Faculty Dr. Teresa Jepma, Committee Member, Doctor of Business Administration Faculty Dr. Matthew Knight, University Reviewer, Doctor of Business Administration Faculty Chief Academic Officer Eric Riedel, Ph.D. Walden University 2018 Abstract Human Resource Management Strategies for Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprise Project Success by Armstrong M. Alexis MBA, Durham University, 2008 MS, University of the West Indies, 1997 BS, University of the West Indies, 1995 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Business Administration Walden University December 2018 Abstract Critical success factors that contribute to project success in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have received insufficient attention in research. Guided by the goal- setting conceptual framework, the purpose of this multiple case study was to explore the human resource management (HRM) strategies used by owners of SMEs to achieve project success. Five owners of SMEs in St. Lucia participated in the research by contributing their experiences in using HRM strategies to achieve project success. Data were collected from SME owners using semistructured interviews, and from observations and analysis of company records. Data were manually analyzed using Yin’s 5 phases. Five themes emerged from the thematic analysis of the data obtained from the interviews, observations, and company records: (a) financial rewards, (b) team meetings and briefings, (c) training and staff enhancement, (d) retention and loyalty, and (e) work–life balance. The HRM strategies used by the participants to achieve project success have implications for social change because project success can lead to the sustainability of SMEs, thereby creating employment and improving the quality of life for citizens who benefit from the successful infrastructural and social projects that owners of SMEs undertake. Human Resource Management Strategies for Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprise Project Success by Armstrong M. Alexis MBA, Durham University, 2008 MS, University of the West Indies, 1997 BS, University of the West Indies, 1995 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Business Administration Walden University December 2018 Dedication It is seldom the case that a major achievement like completing doctoral studies is accomplished without the support, and inspiration of those closest to you. During the journey of completing this doctoral study, many who were close to me met their mortal demise before I got to the finish line. I therefore dedicate this study to my grandpa, my friend Ralph, and my work colleague Roy who acknowledged my start but departed this life before seeing me to the finish. Those who saw me start and finish this journey have provided invaluable and immeasurable support. To my mom who is perhaps the proudest person who accompanied me throughout this journey, I say, Ma’ this is for you. My sisters Eleanor and Alisha, my brothers Keith, Solly, and Adams, and my sons Jenai and Alex, are happy today that their sibling and father has reached the heights of academic accomplishment. And of course, to my wife Gail, who was a tower of support throughout - babe you have your husband back! Acknowledgments I could not have completed this study without the assistance and support of a number of people. Firstly, to my Walden University Chair, Dr. D’Marie Hanson who encouraged, coached, and guided me throughout the research stage of my studies – you have been more than just a Chair. I owe my success to your incredible support. My second committee member and university research reviewer, Dr. Teresa Jepma, and Dr. Matthew Knight guided me in the direction of success, and I thank both of you for your contribution to my success. My team synergy colleagues kept me energized through our weekly calls, the result of which was the inspiration to persistently achieve critical milestones. I would not have completed my field work without the assistance of Mr. Leo Titus Preville and Mr. Guillaume Simon, who together, furnished me with the list of registered SMEs in St. Lucia. Thank you, gentlemen, for helping me set the cornerstone to successfully complete my fieldwork. The five owners of SMEs in St. Lucia that participated in my research are the ones most responsible for the successful completion of this study. I would not have completed my research without your willingness to participate and so willingly agreeing to share your experiences as SME owners using HRM strategies to achieve project success in St. Lucia. I wish all of you the very best in your efforts to grow your businesses. Finally, to all my friends and family who periodically inquired about my progress and continuously provided encouragement, I owe all of you a debt of gratitude. Table of Contents List of Tables .......................................................................................................................v Section 1: Foundation of the Study ......................................................................................1 Background of the Problem ...........................................................................................1 Problem Statement .........................................................................................................2 Purpose Statement ..........................................................................................................3 Nature of the Study ........................................................................................................3 Research Question .........................................................................................................5 Interview Questions .......................................................................................................5 Conceptual Framework ..................................................................................................6 Operational Definitions ..................................................................................................7 Assumptions, Limitations, and Delimitations ................................................................7 Assumptions ............................................................................................................ 8 Limitations .............................................................................................................. 8 Delimitations ........................................................................................................... 9 Significance of the Study ...............................................................................................9 A Review of the Professional and Academic Literature ..............................................10 Goal-Setting Theory.............................................................................................. 11 Goal-Setting and Human Resource Management ................................................. 18 Goal-Setting and Employee Performance Management ....................................... 20 Goal-Setting and Project Success ......................................................................... 26 Small and Medium Enterprises ............................................................................. 29 i Small and Medium Enterprises in the Caribbean ................................................. 31 Critical Success Factors ........................................................................................ 32 Human Resource Management as a Critical Success Factor ................................ 36 Understanding Projects ......................................................................................... 38 Project Success...................................................................................................... 40 Project Success in Small and Medium Enterprises ............................................... 44 Managing Employee Performance ........................................................................ 46 Human Resource Management and Performance ................................................. 51 Summary and Transition ..............................................................................................54 Section 2: The Project ........................................................................................................56 Purpose Statement ........................................................................................................56
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