DOCSLIB.ORG

Request for Proposals – Renovar Program – Round 2

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Request for Proposals – Renovar Program – Round 2 REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS – RENOVAR PROGRAM – ROUND 2 1. Subject-matter Pursuant to the provisions set forth in Resolution ME&M No. 275 passed on August, 16th. 20171 CAMMESA calls for the submission of bids (the ‘Open Call for Tenders’) for the qualification of and possible award to national or foreign legal entities, for the purpose of executing renewable power purchase agreements to be signed with CAMMESA, acting in representation of Distribution Companies and Large Users of the Wholesale Electric Market (henceforth “MEM”), with the aim of increasing the share of renewable sources of energy in the country’s energy mix, pursuant to Laws N° 26190 and N° 27191 and Decree N° 531/2016 and its amendments. 2. Definitions ‘Additional Provider of the Technical Transmission Function’ is defined in The Procedures. ‘Adjusted Offered Price’ or ‘AOP’ is defined in Provision 18.1 of the RFP. ‘Annual Adjustment Factor’ is the value shown, for each Production Year, in the column named ‘Annual Adjustment Factor’ of Annex 8. ‘Annual Price’ is, for each Production Year, the price detailed in Annex B of the Power Purchase Agreement. ‘Argentine Peso/s’ or ‘$’ is, at any time, the effective legal tender in the Argentine Republic for that date. ‘Awarded Price’ is defined in Provision 13.1.3 of this RFP. ‘Awardee’ is the qualified Bidder who has been chosen by CAMMESA, in accordance with the instructions from the Enforcement Authority, to sign the Power Purchase Agreement by means of a Specific Purpose Entity (SPE). ‘Beneficiary’ is defined in Annex 7 of this RFP. ‘Bid Bond’ is the guarantee granted to CAMMESA by the Bidder pursuant to the terms and conditions set forth in Provision 10 of the RFP. ‘Bid’ is, for each Project, the unilateral and irrevocable intent expressed by a Bidder pursuant to the RFP. 1 Resolution ME&M that approves the RFP. 1 ‘Bidder’ is the Interested Party which, individually or jointly, issues a Bid before CAMMESA within the framework of this Open Call for Tenders, whether by means of a Specific Purpose Entity that he owns directly or indirectly, or over which they have an irrevocable right of acquisition, or that he agrees to constitute and record before the corresponding Government Authority before the Execution Date, in case he becomes an Awardee. If two (2) or more individuals or legal entities comprise the Bidder, every individual shall hold joint and several liability before CAMMESA regarding all the obligations and commitments undertaken within the framework of the Open Call for Tenders. ‘Biomass/Biogas Scale Incentive’ is defined in Provision 3.6 of this RFP. ‘Biomass’ is the Technology which allows for the production of electric power from vegetal and/or animal biomass derived from gasification and/or incineration. ‘Buenos Aires’ is the province of Buenos Aires. ‘Business Day’ is any day except for (a) Saturdays and Sundays, (b) Non-workable public holidays in the Argentine Republic and (c) days when financial entities are closed in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. ‘Buyer’ is CAMMESA, acting in its capacity of energy buyer within the framework of the Power Purchase Agreement. ‘CAMMESA’ is the Compañía Administradora del Mercado Mayorista Eléctrico Sociedad Anónima. ‘Certificate of Inclusion’ is the Certificate of Inclusion in the Renewable Energy Legal Framework set forth in Section 8.2 of Annex I of Decree No. 531/2016 and its amendments, which shall be granted to the Awardee who signs the Power Purchase Agreement, in accordance with the provisions set forth in Section 3 of Resolution ME&M No. 72/2016, and which shall mention the content detailed in Section 18 of Annex I of such Resolution. ‘Clarifying Circular Letter/s’ is any written notice submitted by CAMMESA as a consequence of clarifications and/or answers to consultations made by the Interested Parties on this RFP. Any Clarifying Circular Letter shall be deemed a part of this RFP. ‘Comahue’ is the region consisting of the provinces of La Pampa, Río Negro and Neuquén. ‘Commercial Operation Authorization Scheduled Term’ or ‘Offered Development Term’ is the term set in the Bid, detailed in consecutive days as of the Execution Date, during which the Commercial Operation Date is estimated to occur. For those Bidders that have taken up the World Bank Guarantee as stated in their Bids, such term shall be counted as of the date when the FODER Trustee duly notifies the Seller the execution of the World Bank Guarantee Agreement between the FODER Trustee and the World Bank. ‘Commercial Operation Date’ is the date on which CAMMESA, in accordance with The Procedures, grants the business authorization to the Seller for the operation of at least ninety-eight percent (98 %) of the Contracted Energy in the MEM. 2 ‘Construction Progress Scheduled Date’ is defined in Annex 6 of this RFP. ‘Construction Start Scheduled Term’ is the term set in the Bid when the building of the Power Plant starts and which is detailed in consecutive days as of the Execution Date. For those Bidders that have taken up the World Bank Guarantee as stated in their Bids, such term shall be counted as of the date when the FODER Trustee duly notifies the Seller the execution of the World Bank Guarantee Agreement between the FODER Trustee and the World Bank. ‘Contracted Capacity’ is the amount of MW of the Power Plant as defined in the award notice and included in the Power Purchase Agreement. ‘Contracted Energy’ is any energy generated by the Contracted Capacity during twenty (20) consecutive production years as of the Commercial Operation Date. ‘Control’ is the ability to conduct or establish the guidelines for the management or the essential activities or businesses of a legal entity or entity, weather by means of the ownership of stocks or any other securities with right to vote, through contractual or corporative relations or by any other means; it shall be deemed that any individual, legal entity or entity that has the possession of more than fifty percent (50 %) of the voting equity from another legal entity or entity, or has contractual or corporative rights which grant the same level of control over such legal entity or entity than a stockholder with more than fifty percent (50 %) of the voting equity might have, has the Control over such legal entity or entity. ‘Cuyo’ is the region consisting of the provinces of San Juan, Mendoza and San Luis. ‘Delivered Energy’ is defined in Annex 6 of this RFP. ‘Delivery Point’ is the corresponding node of the SADI and/or the Additional Provider of Transmission Technical Function where the Seller agrees to deliver the energy generated from the Power Plant. ‘Development Effective Start Date’ is the date when the necessary amount of expenditure has been incurred by the Seller in order to comply with the Project’s Development Effective Start Date, pursuant to Section 9° of Law No. 26190, which has been amended by Law No. 27191 and Order No 57 passed on August 14th, 2017 by the Undersecretariat of Renewable Energy. Such Development Effective Start Date shall be certified by the INTI or any other entity authorized by the Enforcement Authority for such purpose. ‘Development Effective Start Scheduled Date’ is the term set in the Bid, indicated in consecutive days as of the Execution Date, when it is estimated that the Seller incurs in necessary amount of expenditure in order to comply with the Project’s Development Effective Start Date, pursuant to Section 9° of Law No.26190, which has been amended by Law No. 27191 and Order N° 57 passed on August 14th, 2017 by the Undersecretariat of Renewable Energy. Such term shall be calculated in accordance with the provisions set forth in Section 2°, subsection 1), of the aforementioned Order, certified by the INTI or any other entity authorized by the Enforcement Authority for such purpose. For those Bidders which have taken up the World Bank Guarantee as stated in their Bids, such term shall be counted as of the 3 date when the FODER Trustee duly notifies Seller the execution of the World Bank Guarantee Agreement between the FODER Trustee and the World Bank. ‘Energy Loss Factor of the IP’ is, for each IP, the adjustment factor value applicable to the Offered Price so as to consider the energy losses that may occur during the transmission of the energy production of the Power Plant in the SADI. The Energy Loss Factor of each IP is estimated by CAMMESA by means of simulation and is reported in Annex 3. ‘Energy Payment’ is defined in Annex 7 of this RFP. ‘Enforcement Authority’ is the Federal Ministry of Energy and Mining. ‘ENRE’ is the “Ente Nacional Regulador de la Electricidad” (National Electricity Regulatory Entity) of the Argentine Republic ‘EPR’ o ‘Energy Production Report’ is the energy production report made and certified by a Qualified Independent Consultant for a capacity that is equal to the Offered Capacity. ‘ESMP’ or ‘PMAS’ is defined in Provision 12.4.6 of this RFP. ‘Exchange Rate’ is, for any Business Day, (a) the ‘Notice ‘A’ 3500 Reference Exchange Rate (wholesale)’ published by the Banco Central de la República Argentina for that Business Day, or (b) if the Banco Central de la República Argentina, due to any reason, has not published the ‘Notice ‘A’ 3500 Reference Exchange Rate (wholesale)’ for that Business Day, the closest ‘Notice ‘A’ 3500 Reference Exchange Rate (wholesale)’ within the same calendar month, taking into account that if there is more than one Business Day equidistant to the date when the ‘Notice ‘A’ 3500 Reference Exchange Rate (wholesale)’ has not been published, the provisions set forth in item (c) of this definition shall be applied, or (c) if the Banco Central de la República Argentina, due to any reason, has not published the ‘Notice ‘A’ 3500 Reference Exchange Rate (wholesale)” for the calendar month which comprises that Business Day, the exchange rate that the Parties may agree, and which shall be approved by the SEE or, (d) in the event of lack of agreement between the Parties or if there is no approval by the SSE, the exchange rate that may be set forth pursuant to Clause 26 of the PPA (Dispute Resolution) of the Power Purchase Agreement.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Basement Composition and Basin Geometry Controls on Upper-Crustal Deformation in the Southern Central Andes (30–36° S)
    Geol. Mag.: page 1 of 17 c Cambridge University Press 2016 1 doi:10.1017/S0016756816000364 Basement composition and basin geometry controls on upper-crustal deformation in the Southern Central Andes (30–36° S) ∗ ∗ ∗ JOSÉ F. MESCUA †, LAURA GIAMBIAGI , MATÍAS BARRIONUEVO , ∗ ∗ ANDRÉS TASSARA‡, DIEGO MARDONEZ , MANUELA MAZZITELLI ∗ & ANA LOSSADA ∗ Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA), Centro Científico Tecnológico Mendoza, CONICET. Av. Ruiz leal s/n Parque General San Martín, Mendoza (5500) Argentina ‡Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad de Concepción, Victor Lamas 1290, Barrio Universitario, Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Chile (Received 13 December 2015; accepted 5 April 2016) Abstract – Deformation and uplift in the Andes are a result of the subduction of the Nazca plate below South America. The deformation shows variations in structural style and shortening along and across the strike of the orogen, as a result of the dynamics of the subduction system and the features of the upper plate. In this work, we analyse the development of thin-skinned and thick-skinned fold and thrust belts in the Southern Central Andes (30–36° S). The pre-Andean history of the area determined the formation of different basement domains with distinct lithological compositions, as a result of terrane accretions during Palaeozoic time, the development of a widespread Permo-Triassic magmatic province and long-lasting arc activity. Basin development during Palaeozoic and Mesozoic times produced thick sedimentary successions in different parts of the study area. Based on estimations of strength for the different basement and sedimentary rocks, calculated using geophysical estimates of rock physical properties, we propose that the contrast in strength between basement and cover is the main control on structural style (thin- v.
    [Show full text]
  • Territorial Studies in Argentina
    TERRITORIAL STUDIES IN ARGENTINA AN INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH ARGENTINA, A COUNTRY OF CONTRAST Course Main Goal To gain insights into Argentina’s cultural diversity and its main productive areas from the economic, cultural and environmental perspective. Course description Students will get a cross-cultural experience and perspectives on Argentina’s main productive areas and its historic and economic role as a major food producer, where people, culture, landscapes, plant and animal life are diverse. In addition, they will be culturally enriched by experiencing a blend of culture, language, history, art and traditions related to the main productive areas. The course comprises different group activities, such as, discussion groups, seminars, etc. Courseload 45 hours (2 hours period, 4 days a week plus visit sites). Students will have the chance to visit main productive sites and experience short study trips (as livestock markets, ecological reservation and Delta del Paraná Biosphere Reserve) throughout the program. Course Contents The role of Agriculture in Argentina. Economic, Political & Social Changes. Historical and Anthropological perspectives. Argentina’s main regions. The Humid Pampas, Cuyo, Patagonia, etc. (I): Demographical, socioeconomic, agricultural, historical, landscape and cultural (music, art, customs) aspects. Other relevant regions. Territorial Studies. Areas of Study. 1- Pampa Húmeda (Humid Pampas) 2- Patagonia 3- Iguazú Falls – Mesopotamia 4- Cuyo 5- North West Region. 1) The Humid Pampas Myths and Economic facts (gauchos, soybean myth). Leading roles. Agroexporting model. Agricultural clusters and soybean production – agricultural production, cattle raising and beef production. Agrifood and commoditization. The Rural and Urban tandem. Immigration and cultural perspectives. Buenos Aires port as a cultural bridge.
    [Show full text]
  • FABRE MONTMAYOU MENDOZA , a RGENTINA Hervé Joyaux Fabre, Owner and Director of Fabre Montmayou, Was Born in Bordeaux, France, to a Family of Wine Negociants
    FABRE MONTMAYOU MENDOZA , A RGENTINA Hervé Joyaux Fabre, owner and director of Fabre Montmayou, was born in Bordeaux, France, to a family of wine negociants. When he arrived in Argentina in the early 90’s looking for opportunities to invest in vineyards and start a winery, he was impressed by the potential for Malbec in Mendoza. As a true visionary, he bought very old Malbec vineyards, planted in 1908, and built the Fabre Montmayou winery in the purest Château style from Bordeaux. The winery was built in Vistalba – Lujan de Cuyo, 18 Km North of Mendoza city at 3800 feet elevation (1,150 meters of altitude), and is surrounded by the first 37 acres of Malbec vineyards that the company bought. For the Fabre Montmayou line of wines, the owners decided to buy exclusively old-vine vineyards in the best wine growing areas of Mendoza. With constant care and personal style – essential elements for great quality – Fabre Montmayou combines modern winemaking, Mendoza’s terroir and the Bordeaux “savoir faire” to produce wines of unique personality. MENDOZA, ARGENTINA Mendoza Province is one of Argentina's most important wine regions, accounting for nearly two-thirds of the country's entire wine production. Located in the eastern foothills of the Andes, in the shadow of Mount Aconcagua, vineyards are planted at some of the highest altitudes in the world, with the average site located 600–1,100 metres (2,000–3,600 ft) above sea level. The principal wine producing areas fall into two main departments Maipúand Luján, which includes Argentina's first delineated appellation established in 1993 in Luján de Cuyo.
    [Show full text]
  • Debris Flows Occurrence in the Semiarid Central Andes Under Climate Change Scenario
    geosciences Review Debris Flows Occurrence in the Semiarid Central Andes under Climate Change Scenario Stella M. Moreiras 1,2,* , Sergio A. Sepúlveda 3,4 , Mariana Correas-González 1 , Carolina Lauro 1 , Iván Vergara 5, Pilar Jeanneret 1, Sebastián Junquera-Torrado 1 , Jaime G. Cuevas 6, Antonio Maldonado 6,7, José L. Antinao 8 and Marisol Lara 3 1 Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología & Ciencias Ambientales, CONICET, Mendoza M5500, Argentina; [email protected] (M.C.-G.); [email protected] (C.L.); [email protected] (P.J.); [email protected] (S.J.-T.) 2 Catedra de Edafología, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza M5528AHB, Argentina 3 Departamento de Geología, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile; [email protected] (S.A.S.); [email protected] (M.L.) 4 Instituto de Ciencias de la Ingeniería, Universidad de O0Higgins, Rancagua 2820000, Chile 5 Grupo de Estudios Ambientales–IPATEC, San Carlos de Bariloche 8400, Argentina; [email protected] 6 Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Universidad de La Serena, Coquimbo 1780000, Chile; [email protected] (J.G.C.); [email protected] (A.M.) 7 Departamento de Biología Marina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo 1780000, Chile 8 Indiana Geological and Water Survey, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47404, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +54-26-1524-4256 Citation: Moreiras, S.M.; Sepúlveda, Abstract: This review paper compiles research related to debris flows and hyperconcentrated flows S.A.; Correas-González, M.; Lauro, C.; in the central Andes (30◦–33◦ S), updating the knowledge of these phenomena in this semiarid region.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Strategies for Regional Tourism Development in Argentina. a Path with New Initiatives for Tourism Dispersal Policies
    1 Strategies for Regional Tourism Development in Argentina. A Path with New Initiatives for Tourism Dispersal Policies NATALIA PORTO* AND CAROLINA INÉS GARCIA Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina Introduction With the new decade, tourism is facing many challenges. Technology development and changing patterns of behaviour, with consumers more demanding, independent and connected, have been increasing over time (Dwyer et al., 2009; Singapore Tourism Board, 2013; Dietz et al., 2019). Such a situation places tourism destinations within a difficult competitive scenario. In countries like Argentina, regarding inter- national tourism, additional challenges include its geographical position – somehow apart from the rest of the world and away from the main outbound travel markets – together with persistent uncertainty concerning social and economic matters. At the same time, tourism has been playing a key role as an income gener- ator and a source of employment, contributing to economic growth and devel- opment in many countries around the world. According to the UNWTO (World Tourism Organization, 2019a), international tourist arrivals worldwide grew by 5.4% in 2018 (versus 2017), reaching 1.4 billion that year, and there was also a positive tendency in total international expenditure, with US$1,448 billion in 2018 (versus US$1,344 billion in 2017). Moreover, the World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC, 2019) indicated that one in ten jobs in the world was generated by tourism in the same year. It is worth noting that domestic tourism constitutes a powerful force in the flourishing evolution of tourism in certain re- gions: 71% of worldwide tourism spending in 2018 was explained by domestic tourism, which grew even more in developing countries (WTTC, 2019).
    [Show full text]
  • Holdridge Life Zone Map: Republic of Argentina María R
    United States Department of Agriculture Holdridge Life Zone Map: Republic of Argentina María R. Derguy, Jorge L. Frangi, Andrea A. Drozd, Marcelo F. Arturi, and Sebastián Martinuzzi Forest International Institute General Technical November Service of Tropical Forestry Report IITF-GTR-51 2019 In accordance with Federal civil rights law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, the USDA, its Agencies, offices, and employees, and institutions participating in or administering USDA programs are prohibited from discriminating based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, gender identity (including gender expression), sexual orientation, disability, age, marital status, family/parental status, income derived from a public assistance program, political beliefs, or reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity, in any program or activity conducted or funded by USDA (not all bases apply to all programs). Remedies and complaint filing deadlines vary by program or incident. Persons with disabilities who require alternative means of communication for program information (e.g., Braille, large print, audiotape, American Sign Language, etc.) should contact the responsible Agency or USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TTY) or contact USDA through the Federal Relay Service at (800) 877-8339. Additionally, program information may be made available in languages other than English. To file a program discrimination complaint, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form, AD-3027, found online at http://www.ascr.usda.gov/complaint_filing_cust.html and at any USDA office or write a letter addressed to USDA and provide in the letter all of the information requested in the form.
    [Show full text]
  • Wines of the New World: Overview of Wine Making in Argentina
    Wines of the new world: overview of wine making in Argentina 4 / 64 / 2013 664_trebol_ing.indd4_trebol_ing.indd 4 226/02/136/02/13 117:377:37 Sofía Pescarmona President of Bodega Lagarde Mendoza - Argentina “The new era of quality wine production in Argentina started at the end of the 90´s when focus was put on Premium wines and export markets” Sofia Pescarmona is President of the Mendoza´s Lagarde winery which was founded by her grandfather in 1897. It brilliantly combines tradition with experimental curiosity in order to please and surprise the local palate and lovers of good wine worldwide. Through her authoritative outlook, we review the fascinating development of wine production in Argentina and in particular, the province of Mendoza. Sofía Pescarmona. © Bodega Lagarde Origins and history The beginnings of the local colonial wine making The history of Argentine wine production da- tes back to the colonial era since the culti- vation of the vine was closely linked to agri- cultural practices of the Spanish colonists. The first species of the Vitis common grape vine reached Peru in the middle of the 16th century, from there they passed on to Chile Hundred-year-old vineyards at the province of Mendoza. Argentina. © Bodega Lagarde and, as from 1551 they were introduced into 64 / 2013 / 5 664_trebol_ing.indd4_trebol_ing.indd 5 226/02/136/02/13 117:377:37 The first vineyards Argentina, mainly by Catholic priests who as the principal region for production whilst were planted planted vineyards close to their monasteries the main centres for consumption were the in the Provinces in order to guarantee the supply of sufficient cities of Rosario, Córdoba and Buenos Aires.
    [Show full text]
  • Wines of Argentina
    PREVIEWCOPY Wines of South America: Argentina Version 1.0 by David Raezer and Jennifer Raezer © 2012 by Approach Guides (text, images, & illustrations, except those to which specific attribution is given) All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means, without permission in writing from the publisher. Further, this book is licensed for your personal enjoyment only. This book may not be resold or given away to other people. If you would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an additional copy for each recipient. Approach Guides and the Approach Guides logo are the property of Approach Guides LLC. Other marks are the prop- erty of their respective owners. Although every effort was made to ensure that the information was as accurate as possible, we accept no responsibility for any loss, damage, injury, or inconvenience sustained by anyone using this guidebook. Approach Guides New York, NY www.approachguides.com ISBN: 978-1-936614-35-6 PREVIEWCOPY Contents Introduction Argentina’s Grape Varieties Map of Argentina’s Winegrowing Regions North – Catamarca North – Salta * Cuyo – Mendoza * Cuyo – La Rioja Cuyo – San Juan * Patagonia – Neuquén Patagonia – Rio Negro * Vintages About Approach Guides Contact Free Updates and Enhancements More from Approach Guides PREVIEWCOPY Introduction Previewing this book? Please check out our enhanced preview, which offers a deeper look at this guidebook. The wines of South America continue to garner global momentum, fueled by ongoing quality im- provements and continued attractive price points. As part of our series dedicated to South Ameri- can wines, we take a comprehensive look at the wines of Argentina.
    [Show full text]
  • A Tour of Argentina Geography and Climate History
    A Tour of Argentina • Geography and Climate • History • Appellation System • Major Regions and Sub-Regions • Food Pairings Geography and Climate • South America • Separated from Chile by Andes • Continental climate • Rain shadow effect = hot and dry • The Zonda • Best vineyards planted at elevation: average is 900 meters • At elevation, cooler temperatures overall and greater day/night variation • Irrigation from melted snow History • 1500s-1700s: Spanish colonials introduce vines, mostly for sacramental wine • Middle to late 1800s: Influx of Italian and Spanish immigrants brings new (French) vines and winemaking practices • 1882: Railway between Mendoza and Buenos Aires allows export to Chile • Middle to late 1900s: Economic turmoil and minimal export • 1980s: Nicolás Catena leads quality revolution in Mendoza • 1990s: Major influx of new vineyards and wineries; major increase in exports • Today: 5th largest producer and 7th largest exporter in world All class outlines are copyright of Corkbuzz Wine Studio. Materials may be used for personal and non-commercial use only. Please do not reproduce or redistribute for any commercial purposes without express written consent. Appellations of Argentina Oasis Province/ appellation/IG Appellation/ IG Focus: Salta • Northern Argentina (warmer) • Super high elevations: 5,000-7,800 feet • Cafayate department: a valley at 6,000 feet; shade and cool, dry nights • Torrontés grape: from Muscat of Alexandria and Criolla Chica • Malbec, too… and Tannat Wine: Hermanos Torrontés ’11 – Cafayate, Argentina
    [Show full text]
  • Economic Corridors in Asia: Paradigm of Integration? a Reflection for Latin America
    SORAYA CARO VARGAS (EDITOR) Economic Corridors in Asia: Paradigm of Integration? A Reflection for Latin America Universidad Externado de Colombia Economic corridors in Asia : paradigm of integration? A reflection for Latin America / Alexánder Arciniegas Carreño [y otros] ; Soraya Caro Vargas, editor. -- Bogotá : Universidad Externado de Colombia. 2020. 459 páginas : ilustraciones, mapas, gráficos ; 21 cm. Incluye referencias bibliográficas. ISBN: 9789587903812 1. Cooperación internacional -- América Latina 2. Cooperación internacional -- Asia 3. Crecimiento económico -- América Latina 4. Crecimiento económico -- Asia 5. Globalización 6. Geopolítica 7. Infraestructura (Economía) I. Caro Var-gas, Soraya, editor II. Universidad Externado de Colombia III. Título 337 SCDD 21 Catalogación en la fuente -- Universidad Externado de Colombia. Biblioteca. MRJ. junio de 2020 ISBN 978-958-790-381-2 © 2020, SORAYA CARO VARGAS (EDITOR) © 2020, UNIVERSIDAD EXTERNADO DE COLOMBIA Calle 12 n.º 1-17 este, Bogotá Teléfono (57-1) 342 0288 [email protected] www.uexternado.edu.co Primera edición: junio de 2020 Diseño de cubierta: Departamento de Publicaciones Corrección de estilo (español): Luis Fernando García Núñez Corrección de estilo (inglés): Michael Forrest Composición: María Libia Rubiano Impresión: Xpress Estudio Gráfico y Digital S.A.S. - Xpress Kimpres Tiraje de 1 a 1.000 ejemplares Impreso en Colombia Printed in Colombia Prohibida la reproducción o cita impresa o electrónica total o parcial de esta obra, sin autorización expresa y por escrito del Departamento de Publicaciones de la Universidad Externado de Colombia. Las opiniones expresadas en esta obra son responsabilidad de los autores. Quiero agradecer al doctor Roberto Hinestrosa Rey, decano de la Facultad de Finanzas, Gobierno y Relaciones Inter- nacionales por su constante apoyo a esta iniciativa.
    [Show full text]
  • Cueva Huenul 1 Archaeological Site, Northwestern Patagonia, Argentina: Initial Colonization and Mid-Holocene Demographic Retraction
    CUEVA HUENUL 1 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE, NORTHWESTERN PATAGONIA, ARGENTINA: INITIAL COLONIZATION AND MID-HOLOCENE DEMOGRAPHIC RETRACTION Ramiro Barberena In this paper I present an intensively dated chrono-stratigraphic sequence for the Cueva Huenul 1 archaeological site, Neuquén Province, Argentina. Located in the inland deserts of northwestern Patagonia, Cueva Huenul 1 offers a remarkable temporal record of events for a largely unstudied desert region. I connect this local record with available data on a macro- regional scale to reassess (1) the timing of the first human colonization of the area and its implications for explaining the extinction of megafauna (ca. 14,000–10,000 cal B.P.) and (2) the decrease in human occupation recorded in several South American deserts during parts of the mid-Holocene (ca. 8000–6000 cal B.P.). The data presented here show a gap of about 1,500 calendar years between the extinction of megafauna and the appearance of humans. A review of evidence from the northern Patagonia and southern Cuyo regions is consistent with this record, favoring ecological causes for regional extinction of megafaunal taxa. Integration of this record with those indicating the earliest human presence in South America (e.g., Monte Verde, Chile) is consistent with a process of human radiation to the inland Patagonian deserts from nodes of initial occupation. The chrono-stratigraphic sequence from Cueva Huenul 1 also contributes to an assessment of a trough in human occupation along the South American Arid Diagonal around 8000–6000 cal B.P. Evidence for a decrease in occu - pational intensity during this period is found in the highland and lowland deserts in Mendoza and San Juan, the Puna region in northwestern Argentina, the Atacama Desert in Chile, and possibly the Pampean region.
    [Show full text]
  • Region De Cuyo
    REGION DE CUYO CARACTERISTICAS Está ubicada en el centro oeste de la República Argentina, abarcando tradicionalmente las provincias de Mendoza, San Juan y de San Luis, y que comparten una igualdad cultural y tradición histórica en común. Es usual la inserción de la Provincia de La Rioja dentro de la región. En esta región prevalece un relieve montañoso de escasa vegetación, con particularidades climáticas desérticas. Como actividad económica predomina la vinícola, siendo esta zona la principal productora de vinos de Sudamérica. RELIEVE Cuyo se destaca por tener un relieve altamente montañoso hacia el oeste, donde se destaca la Cordillera de los Andes, conformada por: La Cordillera Principal: divisoria de aguas y límite con Chile, incluye el cerro Aconcagua, de casi 7000 mts, el más alto de toda América, el monte Pissis, de 6792 mts y el cerro Mercedario, de 6770 mts. Cordillera Frontal: paralela a la principal, está compuesta por varios cordones independientes. Precordillera de Mendoza y San Juan. En el este predominan las extensas planicies llamadas Travesías en San Juan, Mendoza y San Luis, las cuales entran en contacto con la llanura pampeana, compuestas por varios cordones serranos aislados pertenecientes a las Sierras Pampeanas y diferentes salinas en las zonas más hundidas de las llanuras. En el sur de Mendoza, predomina el relieve de mesetas y volcanes de la Reserva Provincial La Payunia. CLIMA El clima seco y los inviernos fríos benefician al desarrollo de la vid, y en los veranos, pese al calor, la altura donde se sitúan los cultivos favorece su calidad para la elaboración de vinos, valorados internacionalmente.
    [Show full text]