U.S. Army Military History Institute Attaches 950 Soldiers Drive Carlisle Barracks, PA 17013-5021 16 Mar 2012

MILITARY ATTACHES & OBSERVERS

A Working Bibliography of MHI Sources

CONTENTS General Sources.....p.1 Pre-20th Century....p.2 1900-45....p.3 Since 1945....p.5 Non-US Experience….p.6

GENERAL SOURCES

Dupuy, Trevor N., ed-in-chief. International Military and Defense Encyclopedia. 6 vols. Wash, DC: Brassey's, 1993. pp. 306-12. U24.I58.

Grodecki, Thomas S. "Military Observers, 1918-75." Study, CMH, 1988. 329 p. U52.G76a. Lists USMA grads only, some 2,000 by name, class number, & branch.

O’Connor, Maureen P. “In the Eye of the Beholder: Western Military Observers from Buena Vista to Plevna.” PhD dss, Harvard, 1996. 498 p. D361.O36.

U.S. Dept of Army. Directorate of Foreign Liaison. Directory of Foreign Military Attachés. UB260.D55. Includes editions for 1940, 1970, 1995 & 1996.

U.S. National Archives & Records Service. Registers of Communications Received Form Military Attaches and Other Intelligence Officers (“Dispatch Lists”), 1889-1941. Wash, DC: NARS, 1983. 5 reels + guide. UB251.U5.R43.

U.S. Official Register of the . JK. Identifies some military attaches.

Vagts, Alfred. The Military Attaché. Princeton, NJ: Princeton, 1967. 408 p. UB260.V3.

See also: -Bibliographies on US Mil Attaches to Russia in Russia and Intelligence in General. U.S. Military Attaches & Observers p.2

PRE-20TH CENTURY

Cummins, Light T. Spanish Observers and the American Revolution, 1775-83. Baton Rouge: LSU, 1991. 229 p. E249..3C86.

Floyd, Dale E. "U.S. Army Officers in Europe, 1815-61." In Proceedings of the Citadel Conference on War and Diplomacy, 1977. Charleston, SC: The Citadel, 1979. pp. 26-30. D753.C654.

Frame, Arthur T. "The U.S. Military Commission to the Crimean War and Its Influence on The U.S. Army before The American Civil War." PhD dss, U KS, 1993. 325 p. DK214.F72.

Moten, Matthew. The Delafield Commission and the American Military Profession. College Station, TX: TX A&M, 2000. 270 p. E181.M68. And his same title, PhD dss , Rice, 1996. 419 p. E181.M68.1996a.

_____. "Mission to the Crimea: The American Military Commission to Europe and the Crimean War, 1855-56." MA thesis, Rice, 1991. 149 p. DK214.M68.

Palmer, Frederick. Bliss, Peacemaker. NY: Dodd, 1934. 477 p. E181.B68. See Chap V on his duty in Spain, 1898.

Prout, John F. “The First US Naval Attaché to Korea.” Studies in Intelligence Vol. 49, No. 1 (2005): pp. 33-39. Per. Ensign George Foulk, who officially commenced in this capacity in 1883.

Twichell, Heath, Jr. Allen: The Biography of an Army Officer, 1859-1930. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers, 1974. 358 p. U53.A44.T94. Attaché in Russia & Germany, 1889-98.

Votaw, John F. "United States Military Attaches 1885-1919: The American Army Matures in the International Arena." PhD dss, Temple, 1991. 246 p. UB260.V67. Includes list of 200+ attaches, pp. 235-41.

See also: -Bibliography on Crimean War and Tasker Bliss Papers (Madrid, 1890s), Arch. U.S. Military Attaches & Observers p.3

1900-1945

Berrien, F.D. "Determine and Report Upon the Proper Qualifications for Duty as a Military Attaché." Memo, G-1 Course, AWC, 30 Oct 1925. #311A-15, Arch.

Corlett, Charles H. "Define the Mission of Military Attaches in General, with Reference to Some Particular Country." Memo, G-2 Course, AWC, 11 Oct 1924. #288A-67, Arch.

Davis, Edward. Papers. 2 Boxes. Arch. His draft mss, "Military Attaché," covers 1915-29 career, which included attaché duty in Greece (1915), observer in WWI Balkans & Mideast, attaché in (1919-20), Mexico (1920-27) & Yugoslavia (1928-29). Also material re USAT Crook transport to Philippines, 1901-02, and proceedings of 1906 trial of soldiers for killing Cuban civilian.

Deane, John R. The Strange Alliance. NY: Viking, 1947. 344 p. D754.R9.D4.

Faymonville, Philip R. Papers. 2 Boxes. Arch. Personal correspondence, etc, covers 1924-33, including military attaché duty, Tokyo, 1924-25. Various memos & papers on China & Soviet Union.

Ford, Stanley H. "The Military Intelligence Division, War Department General Staff." Lecture, G-2Course, AWC, 29 Nov 1929. #362A-3, Arch.

Fuller, H.E. "The Value of the Military Attaché." AWC Historical Section typescript, Sep 1924. 6 p. Thomas File #3016Microfilm.

Glantz, David M. Observing the Soviets: Army Attachés in Eastern Europe During the 1930s. Ft Leavenworth, KS: CAC, 1990? 43 p. UB260.G52.

_____. "Observing the Soviets: U.S. Army Attaches in Eastern Europe during the 1930s." Journal of Military History (Apr 1991): pp. 153-83. Per.

Hall, W. Karin. ": US Military Attaché: An Examination of His Career." MA Thesis, San Jose St U, 1992. 154 p. U53.S648.H34.

Hart, John N. The Making of an Army "Old China Hand": A Memoir of David D. Barrett. Berkeley, CA: Inst of East Asia Studies, U of CA, 1985. 109. U53.B37.H37.

Heingartner, Robert W. An American Witness in Nazi Frankfurt: The Diaries of…, 1928-1937. [Edited by Andrew G. Bonnell] NY: Peter Lang, 2011. 447 p. DD256.5.H363. Consular service.

Hoffman, George F. “Flawed Lessons Learned: The Role of the U.S. Military Attachés in Assessing Armored Warfare during the Spanish Civil War.” Armor (May/Jun 2004): pp. 26-31. Per. U.S. Military Attaches & Observers p.4

Koch, Scott A. "Watching the Rhine: U.S. Army Military Attaché Reports and the Resurgence of the German Army, 1933-41." PhD dss, Duke, 1990. 335 p. UB260.K62.

Lee, Raymond E. The London Journal of General Raymond E. Lee, 1940-41. [Edited by James Leutze] Boston: Little, Brown, 1971. 489 p. D759.L35.

Loucks, Charles E. Papers. 27 Boxes. Arch. Memoirs & documents cover 1917-55.

Magruder, John. "Relationship of Army & Navy Commanders to State Department Representatives Abroad: The Measure of Authority Properly Exercised by Each..." Memo, AWC, 1 Mar 1931. #377-44, Arch.

Moss, James A. Officer's Manual. Menasha, WI: Banta, 1917. 350 p. U113.M74. Unofficial but very informative. See earlier & later editions. See Chap 20.

Mott, T. Bentley. Twenty Years as Military Attaché. NY: Oxford, 1937. 342 p. D413.M6.A3. In France 1900-05 and Russia, 1909-13.

Nagorski, Andrew. “Eye on a Juggernaut.” World War II (Mar/Apr 2012): pp. 56-630. Per. Truman Smith, pre-WWII attaché in Berlin.

Reeves, J.H. "Problems of the Military Intelligence Division." Lecture, G-2 Course, AWC, 4 Jan 1927. #332A-5, Arch.

Smith, Truman. Berlin Alert. [Edited by ] Stanford, CA: Hoover Inst, 1984. 172 p. U53.S648.A33.

Tolley, Kemp. Caviar and Commissars. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute, 1983. 289 p. D764.T557.

U.S. War Dept. Army List and Directory, 1906-40. U11.U5.A75. Lists all US military attaches.

_____. General Staff, G-2. “G-2 Information Digest, Military Attaché Reports. Germany.” UB251.U6.G23 And Russia, UB251.U6.G22; Incomplete runs for both.

_____. Mil Intell Div. "Standing Instructions for Military Attaches." 3 pts. Mimeo, 16 Oct & 1 Dec 1939. File #117-34A&B, Arch.

Vandiver, Frank E. Black Jack: The Life and Times of John J. Pershing. Vol. I. College Station, TX: Texas A&M, 1977. E181.P575v1. See Chap 11 on his service in Japan. U.S. Military Attaches & Observers p.5

Voss, William D. “Watching the Rising Sun: German and American Military Attaché Reports and Intelligence Failure in Japan, 1931-1939.” PhD dss, KS State, 2004. 181 p. UB260.V66.

Votaw, cited above. UB260.V67.

Walters, Vernon A. Silent Missions. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1978. 654 p. E8405.W34.A37.

Whitley, Franklin L. Papers. 2 Boxes. Arch. Notes, reports & memorabilia cover 1905-31, including USMA materials & military attaché Brazil, 1921-24.

Young, Charles. "Handbook of Creole as Spoken in Haiti." Military Information Division typescript, 27 Jul 1905. 88 p. PM7854.H12.Y84RareBk. In Haiti and Liberia.

_____. Military Morale of Nations and Races. Kansas City, MO: Hudson, 1912. 273 p. U21.Y6.

See also: -Papers of other individuals who served as attaches, Bradford G. Chynoweth,(London, 1939); Edward Davis (Greece, WWI)l Sherman Miles, (Turkey, WWI); Truman Smith, (Berlin, 1930s); George O. Squier, (London, 1914-16); & Ivan Yeaton (Moscow) in Arch.

SINCE 1945

Adolph, Robert B., Jr., & Neely, Steve L. "The Army's Soldier-Statesmen." Military Intelligence (Apr/Jun 1989): pp. 22-23. Per. Examples since 1945, plus Foreign Area Officer program.

Barrett, Raymond J. "The Role of the Military Attaché." Military Review (May 1971): pp. 50-55. Per.

Foreign Military Attaches in the United States. Wash, DC: War Office, 1950. 26 p. UB260.F67.

Low, Andrew S. "No Glamour-No Daggers." Army Information Digest (May 1947): pp. 29-32. Per. Profile of attaché’s purpose and duties.

Neves, John. "What Makes a Military Attaché?" Army Quarterly (Oct 1983): pp. 434-38. Per. An international survey.

Seman, Timothy A. “ Intelligence: The U.S. Military Liaison Mission in East Germany, 1947-90.” MA thesis, American U, 1994. 101 p. UB251.U5.S45. U.S. Military Attaches & Observers p.6

Stack, Robert I. Papers. 1 Box. Arch. Personal correspondence, telegrams cover his tour as mil attaché, Tangier, 1949-51.

U.S. Dept. of the Army. Guide for Military Attaches and Foreign Military Representatives in the United States of America. Wash, DC: DA, 1948. 9 p. UB260.G85.

U.S. Dept. of the Army. Gen Staff, G-2. Recommended Background Reading on Geographical and Political Areas of the World for Army Attaches and Others: Bibliography Compiled by…. Wash, DC?: 1952? 131 p. Z6208.A73.R42.

_____. Standing Administrative Instructions for Army Attaches. STADIN, Sep 1955. 130 p. UB260.U54.

NON-US EXPERIENCE

(British)

Hilbert, Lothar W. "The Role of Military and Naval Attaches in the British and German Service with Particular Reference to Those in Berlin and London and Their Effect on Anglo-German Relations, 1871-1914." PhD dss, Emmanuel College, Cambridge U, 1954. UB260.H5.

Howard-Vyse, Edward. “A British Cavalry Officers’ Report on the Army Manoeuvers of Frederick the Great, 1773.” Journal of the Society Army Historical Research (Summer 1982): pp. 66-70. Per. Extract of report submitted by Brit officer observing Prussian fall maneuvers.

Neilson, Keith. “’That Dangerous and Difficult Enterprise’: British Military Thinking and the Russo- Japanese War.” War & Society (Oct 1991): pp. 17-37. Per. Analyses observer reports.

(Germany)

Beck, Alfred M. Hitler’s Ambivalent Attaché: Lt. Gen. Friedrich von Boetticher in America, 1933-1941. Wash, DC: Potomac Books, 2005. 323 p. DD247.B64.B442.

Craig, Gordon A. The Politics of The Prussian Army, 1640-1945. London: Oxford 1955. 536 p. DD221.C7.

Goltz, Horst, von der. My Adventures as a German Secret Agent. NY: McBride, 1917. 288 p. D639.S8.G42. German attaché in US.

Hilbert, Lothar W. "The Role of Military and Naval Attaches in the British and German Service…” cited above. UB260.H5. U.S. Military Attaches & Observers p.6

Koeves, Tibor. Satan in Top Hat. NY: Alliance, 1941. 359 p. DD247.P3.K6. On service of Franz von Papen as attaché in US.

Papen, Franz von. Memoirs. [Translated by Brian Connell] NY: Dutton, 1953. 634 p. DD247.P3.A3.

Ritter, Gerhard. The Sword and the Scepter: The Problems of Militarism in Germany. [Translated from the German by Heinz Norden] Vol. II. Coral Gables, FL: U Miami, 1970. DD112.R5213v.2.

Vagts, Alfred. The Military Attaché. Princeton, NJ: Princeton, 1967. 408 p. UB260.V3.

Waldersee, Alfred von. A Field-Marshal's Memoirs. [Translated by Frederic Whyte] London: Hutchison, 1924. 286 p. DD219.W3.A3.