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Phase 1 Archaeological Impact Assessment Proposed Resort Development on the Farm Jacobs Baai No.108 Malmesbury

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Phase 1 Archaeological Impact Assessment Proposed Resort Development on the Farm Jacobs Baai No.108 Malmesbury Phase 1 Archaeological Impact Assessment Proposed Commercial Development (±7ha) on Remainder 123, Witteklip, Vredenburg, Saldanha Bay Municipality, Western Cape. Planscape Martin Langenhoven Town and Regional Planners PO Box 557 Moorreesburg 7310 Tel: 022 4334408; Fax: 086 697 2069; Cell: 0722026587 [email protected] HWC Case ID #: 120131JL02 December 2011 Pro-Active Archaeology Dr Liezl van Pletzen-Vos PostNet Suite 168 Dr Reneé Rust 083 2785 125 Private Bag X15 021 844 0949 [email protected] Somerset West [email protected] 7129 Archaeological Specialist Report Proposed Commercial Development (±7ha) on Remainder 123, Witteklip, Vredenburg EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report forms part of an Heritage Impact Assessment HIA) as requested by Heritage Western Cape (HWC) RoD dated 2012-02-15. The relevant Case ID is 120131JL02. Planscape approached Pro-Active Archaeology to undertake the Archaeological Specialist Assessment. The Developers, Tuscany Estate, propose the establishment of a commercial area of approximately 7 ha on Witteklip 123, adjacent to the West Coast Mall. The property is currently vacant and will need to be re-zoned from agricultural to business. Some 28 isolated Later and Middle Age stone tools were located. This may not seem significant in itself, but the property is adjacent to the Witklip archaeological site. As such the development of the property, particularly bulk earthworks should be monitored. Landowner/Developer Municipality Town Planner Name Tuscany Estate, No 9, T/A Saldanha Bay Municipality Planscape Witteklip Park Contact Person Mr H van As Martin Langenhoven Address P.O. Box 629 Private Bag X12 PO Box 557 Stilbaai VREDENBURG Moorreesburg 6674 7380 7310 Tel/ Cell 028 754 1435/ 082 499 334 022 701 7000 072 202 6587/022 433 4408 Fax 022 715 1518 086 6972 069 Email [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Pro-Active Archaeology 2 2012-02-16 Archaeological Specialist Report Proposed Commercial Development (±7ha) on Remainder 123, Witteklip, Vredenburg Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY..................................................................................................................2 1. BACKGROUND INFORMATION.................................................................................................4 1.1. Stakeholders..............................................................................................................................4 1.2. Terms of Reference...................................................................................................................4 2. DESK TOP STUDY.........................................................................................................................4 3. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPERTY & METHODOLOGY........................................................6 4. DESCRIPTION OF SITES & ARTEFACTS IDENTIFIED............................................................6 5. FIELD RATING ..............................................................................................................................7 6. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE................................................................................................7 7. RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................................................................7 7.1. Pre-construction Education and Awareness Training...............................................................7 7.2. On-Site Monitoring...................................................................................................................8 7.3. Reporting..................................................................................................................................9 8. CONCLUSIONS............................................................................................................................10 9. BIBLIOGRAPHY..........................................................................................................................10 10. FIGURES.....................................................................................................................................13 Figures Figure 1: Plan of proposed Commercial development, Witteklip 123, No 9.....................................13 Figure 2: 1:50 000 3217 BD & DD Vredenburg, showing the locationof Site 1, Farm Witteklip 123. ............................................................................................................................................................14 Figure 3: GPS tracking on Witteklip 123, No 9.................................................................................15 Figure 4: Location of lithic finds........................................................................................................16 Figure 5: General view of the property towards Witklip Site.............................................................17 Figure 6: Dune mole rat activity, showing archaeologically sterile subsurface.................................17 Figure 7: Dune mole rat activity showing subsurface archaeological material brought to the surface. ............................................................................................................................................................17 Figure 8: General view of the property showing an area with good archaeological visibility...........17 Figure 9: General view of the property showing very poor archaeological visibility........................17 Figure 10: LSA Silcrete core..............................................................................................................17 Figure 11: MSA Silcrete core............................................................................................................18 Figure 12: MSA Silcrete flake............................................................................................................18 Figure 13: MSA notched Granite flake..............................................................................................18 Figure 14: MSA Quartz flake.............................................................................................................18 Figure 15: MSA Quartzite flake.........................................................................................................19 Figure 16: MSA Shale flake...............................................................................................................19 Pro-Active Archaeology 3 2012-02-16 Archaeological Specialist Report Proposed Commercial Development (±7ha) on Remainder 123, Witteklip, Vredenburg 1. BACKGROUND INFORMATION This report forms part of an Heritage Impact Assessment HIA) as requested by Heritage Western Cape (HWC) RoD dated 2011-05-11. The relevant Case ID is 1395. Planscape approached Pro- Active Archaeology to undertake the Archaeological Specialist Assessment. The Developers, Tuscany Estate, propose the establishment of a commercial area of approximately 7 ha on Witteklip 123, adjacent to the West Coast Mall. The property is currently vacant and will need to be re-zoned from agricultural to business. 1.1. Stakeholders Landowner/Developer Municipality Town Planner Name Tuscany Estate, No 9, T/A Saldanha Bay Municipality Planscape Witteklip Park Contact Person Mr H van As Martin Langenhoven Address P.O. Box 629 Private Bag X12 PO Box 557 Stilbaai VREDENBURG Moorreesburg 6674 7380 7310 Tel/ Cell 028 754 1435/ 082 499 334 022 701 7000 072 202 6587/022 433 4408 Fax 022 715 1518 086 6972 069 Email [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] 1.2. Terms of Reference The Terms of Reference for the specialist Phase 1 Archaeological Impact Assessment are to: • Identify and map pre-colonial archaeological heritage resources on the proposed sites; • Determine the importance of pre-colonial archaeological heritage resources on the proposed sites; • Determine and asses the potential impacts of the proposed development on the pre-colonial archaeological heritage resources, and • Recommend mitigation measures to minimise impacts associated with the proposed development. 2. DESK TOP STUDY The West Coast of South Africa has been settled for at least 100 000 years and shows clear evidence of earlier habitation by Early Stone Age (ESA) peoples. There are shell middens dating tothe Middle Stone Age (MSA) both on, and to the north and south of the Vredenburg peninsula (Halkett & Hart 1993, Halkett et al 2003, Klein et al. 2004, Berger and Parkington 2005a,b). Associated with these middens are MSA stone artefacts and an anatomically modern human tooth from the Sea Pro-Active Archaeology 4 2012-02-16 Archaeological Specialist Report Proposed Commercial Development (±7ha) on Remainder 123, Witteklip, Vredenburg Harvest site (Grine & Klein 1993), and other anatomically modern post-cranial remains from Hoedjiespunt, all clearly older than 50 000 years. The presence of the so-called Saldanha skull fragment and the not infrequent finds of distinctive Early Stone Age (ESA) artefacts including handaxes, attests to a much more ancient use of the area, although, the coastal morphology has changed over time (Hendey. Hunter-gatherers living on the west coast of South Africa during the latter part of the Holocene made use of the coastal resources (perhaps seasonally (Smith 2006)). Archaeological excavations at sites such as Duyker Eiland on the coast near Britannia Bay (Robertshaw 1979) confirm the importance of shellfish such as mussel and limpet in the diet forming a dependable and easily
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