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Biosecurity May 07 NEW.Indd A PUBLICATION OF BIOSECURITY NEW ZEALAND biosecurityISSUE 75, 1 MAY 2007 FOCUS ON ANIMAL WELFARE Post border detection of plant pests Operation Kadridri Forestry-focused national certifi cates 6 1166 2222 Biosecurity magazine Biosecurity is published six-weekly by Biosecurity New Zealand, with regular input from the Department of Conservation, Ministry of Health, contents Ministry of Fisheries and regional councils. It is of special interest to all those with a stake in the protection of New Zealand’s economic, EDITORIAL environmental and social assets from the dangers posed by pests and Animal welfare – key domestic and international diseases. Animal welfare issues are developments . 3 also covered. The articles in this magazine do not necessarily refl ect government policy. FRONTLINE NEWS Animal law with teeth . 4 For enquiries about specifi c articles, refer to the contact listed at the end of Afghanistan: Kiwis contribute to animal welfare . 6 each article. Identifying farms during an incursion response . 7 General enquiries (e.g. circulation Animal welfare during international transport . 8 requests or information about Post-border detection of plant pests improved . 9 Biosecurity New Zealand): Operation Kadridri – surveillance for invasive ants . .10 Biosecurity Magazine, Biosecurity Styela sea squirt response: update . .12 New Zealand, PO Box 2526, Pastoral House, 25 The Terrace, Wellington, New Zealand. BIOSECURITY SCIENCE Phone: 04 894 0100 Three Rs programme promoting humane science . 13 Shellfi sh toxin testing without using animals . .14 Fax: 04 894 0720 Welfare Quality® research programme . 16 Email: [email protected] Fish pain revisited . .17 Internet: www.biosecurity.govt.nz Editorial enquiries: BIOSECURITY SYSTEMS Editor: Phil Stewart National Animal Welfare Emergency Management Group . 18 Phone: 04 384 4688 From advice on 1080 to monitoring global trends . 20 Surveillance strategy: Setting the future direction . .21 Email: [email protected] Codes of welfare – how are they developed? . .22 ISSN 1174 – 4618 Forestry focus for national certifi cates . 24 Biosecurity New Zealand fax contacts: Policy and Business: 04 894 0731 BIOSECURITY INTERFACE Animal Welfare: 04 894 0728 Vertebrate Pests Committee . .25 Pre-clearance: 04 894 0733 Post-clearance: 04 894 0736 UPDATES Compliance and Enforcement: Amended import health standards: Plants . 25 09 300 1021 Codes of ethical conduct . 26 Investigation and Diagnostic Centres: Codes of welfare . 26 04 526 5601 DIRECTORY . 26 2 | BIOSECURITY NEW ZEALAND | ISSUE 75 editorial Animal welfare – key domestic and international developments of operational Dr A.C. David Bayvel Dr A.C. David and strategic signifi cance nimal welfare is a fast moving developments. New Zealand maintains public policy area, both ongoing involvement with the OIE MAF’s Animal Welfare Mission: A domestically and internationally, (World Organisation for Animal Health) and a number of important developments • to support society’s expectations animal welfare initiative as outlined in and initiatives have taken place since for the welfare and humane previous issues of Biosecurity, including the last animal welfare special issue of treatment of animals input to a Michigan State University Biosecurity in August, 2005. • to support the development of e-learning programme. All these activities make an important animal welfare standards, within Liaison continues with the World contribution to New Zealand’s strategic New Zealand agriculture, which Society for the Protection of Animals approach to animal welfare, i.e., will contribute to market success (WSPA) regarding a proposed Universal incremental, science-based change and optimum product positioning Declaration on Animal Welfare. management over realistic time frames, for New Zealand animal products New Zealand remains involved in the with the active involvement of all aff ected and animals. EU Welfare Quality project, as outlined and interested parties and informed by on page 16 of this issue by Dr Lindsay the MAF animal welfare mission. established to ensure appropriate MAF/ Matthews, and this country’s further Domestic developments Ministry of Civil Defence and Emergency involvement in animal welfare law is Management liaison and appropriate outlined by Dr Ian Robertson on page 4. Within the Animal Welfare Group there involvement of key stakeholders, as MAF has been working with the United have been several key appointments: outlined in the article on page 18. Kingdom Department for Environment, Dr Kate Littin to the position of Food and Rural Aff airs in collaborative Technical Adviser, Dr Roger Poland to A joint MAF/SPCA Animal Welfare animal welfare research, a proposal for the position of Senior Adviser and Inspectors Task Force has been established a NZ/EU Animal Welfare Cooperation Ms Haley Shepherd to the position and a Memorandum of Understanding Forum has been accepted and NAWAC of Team Support Offi cer. All these signed with the New Zealand Food Safety is an invited corresponding observer in appointments were funded by a successful Authority (NZFSA) Verifi cation Agency, Euro-Farm Animal Welfare Council. new initiative bid. They are designed to to ensure that issues relating to animal welfare enforcement capability and increase support to the National Animal Looking ahead Welfare Advisory Committee (NAWAC) capacity are addressed. Discussion on animal welfare policy and and National Animal Ethics Advisory The New Zealand Three Rs programme practice and animal welfare and animal Committee (NAEAC) and to support the at Massey University has been established rights will continue into the foreseeable implementation of requirements of the to give a focus to this important policy future and MAF will continue to interact Animal Welfare Act 1999. and ethical commitment regarding the with key stakeholders. NAWAC and Responsibility for animal welfare policy use of animals in research, testing and NAEAC will continue to play key analysis and legislative amendments teaching (see article on page 13). statutory roles and provide independent has transferred from MAF Policy to NAWAC held a successful workshop advice to government. Where necessary, Biosecurity New Zealand (BNZ) Policy, on pain and pain relief during routine animal welfare change management and an Animal Welfare Committee has painful husbandry procedures in 2006 will be science-based and will require been established to better coordinate and the Proceedings are now available validation of the proposed welfare animal welfare activities within MAF and (see Biosecurity 71:16). benefi ts of alternative production or with NAWAC, NAEAC and the Ministry The New Zealand strategy on animal management systems. At an international of Foreign Aff airs and Trade. welfare and international trade has been level, MAF will continue to interact Eight codes of welfare have been revised by MAF and MFAT, for approval with key agencies and institutions to developed and received ministerial by the Ministers of Agriculture, Food consolidate and further develop New approval to date, and an additional fi ve Safety and Trade. Zealand’s reputation and leadership in codes are due to be gazetted over the next the fi eld of animal welfare. 12 months. International developments ■ Dr A.C. David Bayvel, Director Animal Welfare, The National Animal Welfare Emergency On the international front, there have [email protected] Management (NAWEM) Group has been been several particularly noteworthy ■ www.biosecurity.govt.nz/animal-welfare ISSUE 75 | BIOSECURITY NEW ZEALAND | 3 FRONTLINE NEWS Animal law with teeth Legislative change and legal advocacy in the 21st century By Dr Ian Robertson In 1906, J Howard Moore estimated it would take up to two centuries for humans to replace “human dominion” with a view which recognises a unity and respect of life. If Moore was right, we are about halfway through that process. The Five Freedoms 1. Freedom from hunger and thirst – by ready access to fresh water and a diet to maintain full health and vigour. 2. Freedom from discomfort – by providing an appropriate environment including shelter and a comfortable resting area. 3. Freedom from pain, injury or disease – by prevention or rapid diagnosis and treatment. 4. Freedom to express normal behaviour – by providing suffi cient space, proper facilities and company of the animal’s own kind. 5. Freedom from fear and distress – by ensuring conditions and treatment which avoid mental suff ering. 4 | BIOSECURITY NEW ZEALAND | ISSUE 75 rom a historical perspective, the legal protection of animals is a relatively F recent event. Today’s focus on animal welfare is a signifi cant step forward from days not so long ago where the views of seventeenth-century philosopher Rene Descartes – who argued that all of animal behaviour could be explained in purely mechanistic terms – set the tone for widespread abuse of animals. And as recently as the 19th century, the law failed to punish a man by the name of John Cornish for ripping out a horse’s tongue. New Zealand’s Animals Protection Act Animals to all Scottish parliamentarians 1960 was replaced in 1999 with the Animal animal law as an elective course (two in on the eve of elections) Welfare Act. The diff erence between these New Zealand, about seven in Australia two Acts is arguably captured in the name. and the United Kingdom, over 60 in the • making submissions on pending The shift from “protection” of animals United States, and others in Portugal, legislation. from acts of cruelty to an emphasis on Switzerland, Israel, Canada and China). This trend is also represented in both New “welfare” maintains their protection but There are also a large number of Zealand and Australia: the Animal Rights adds to this by putting a positive duty of professional forums and conferences Legal Advocacy Network (ARLAN) in care on owners to provide for animals’ being held to examine the future of New Zealand has, as one of its stated physical and mental needs, broadly referred animal protection from a variety of legal, aims, “To enhance the welfare and status to as the “fi ve freedoms” (see box on ethical and social perspectives. The latest of animals by upholding existing statutes, page 4).
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