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Issue 2 2020 Volume 16 The Journal on Advanced Studies in Theoretical and Experimental Physics, including Related Themes from Mathematics PROGRESS IN PHYSICS “All scientists shall have the right to present their scientific research results, in whole or in part, at relevant scientific conferences, and to publish the same in printed scientific journals, electronic archives, and any other media.” — Declaration of Academic Freedom, Article 8 ISSN 1555-5534 The Journal on Advanced Studies in Theoretical and Experimental Physics, including Related Themes from Mathematics PROGRESS IN PHYSICS A quarterly issue scientific journal, registered with the Library of Congress (DC, USA). This journal is peer reviewed and included in the abstracting and indexing coverage of: Mathematical Reviews and MathSciNet (AMS, USA), DOAJ of Lund University (Sweden), Scientific Commons of the University of St. Gallen (Switzerland), Open-J-Gate (India), Referativnyi Zhurnal VINITI (Russia), etc. Electronic version of this journal: http://www.ptep-online.com Advisory Board Dmitri Rabounski, Editor-in-Chief, Founder Florentin Smarandache, Associate Editor, Founder Larissa Borissova, Associate Editor, Founder Editorial Board October 2020 Vol. 16, Issue 2 Pierre Millette [email protected] Andreas Ries [email protected] CONTENTS Gunn Quznetsov [email protected] Nyambuya G. G. Fundamental Geometrodynamic Justification of Gravitomagnetism (I) 73 Ebenezer Chifu McCulloch M. E. Can Nano-Materials Push Off the Vacuum? . 92 [email protected] Czerwinski A. New Approach to Measurement in Quantum Tomography . .94 Postal Address Millette P. A. The Physics of Lithospheric Slip Displacements in Plate Tectonics . 97 Department of Mathematics and Science, University of New Mexico, Bei G., Passaro D. Symmetry Breaking Model of Volume Pulsating Walking Droplets . 102 705 Gurley Ave., Gallup, NM 87301, USA van Hoek A. N. The Ambiguity of Celestial Dynamics . 106 Noh Y. J. Propagation of a Particle in Discrete Time . 116 Copyright © Progress in Physics, 2020 Yepez´ O. All rights reserved. The authors of the ar- On the Electron Pair, the Single Bond C-C Rotational Energy Barrier and ticles do hereby grant Progress in Physics Other Molecular Mechanisms . 123 non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free li- Consa O. The Unpublished Feynman Diagram IIc . .128 cense to publish and distribute the articles in accordance with the Budapest Open Initia- Szeruda R. A Model of the Universe Expanding at a Constant Speed . 133 tive: this means that electronic copying, dis- Kritov A. Approach to the Schwarzschild Metric with SL(2,R) Group Decomposition . 139 tribution and printing of both full-size ver- sion of the journal and the individual papers Floyd E. R. A Wave Representation for Massless Neutrino Oscillations: The Weak published therein for non-commercial, aca- Interaction Transmutes the Wave Function . 143 demic or individual use can be made by any user without permission or charge. The au- thors of the articles published in Progress in Physics retain their rights to use this journal as a whole or any part of it in any other pub- lications and in any way they see fit. Any part of Progress in Physics howsoever used in other publications must include an appro- priate citation of this journal. 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Consideration and review process does not require any payment from the side of the submitters. Nevertheless the authors of accepted papers are requested to pay the page charges. Progress in Physics is a non-profit/academic journal: money collected from the authors cover the cost of printing and distribution of the annual volumes of the journal along the major academic/university libraries of the world. (Look for the current author fee in the online version of Progress in Physics.) Issue 2 (October) PROGRESS IN PHYSICS Volume 16 (2020) Fundamental Geometrodynamic Justification of Gravitomagnetism (I) G. G. Nyambuya National University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences – Department of Applied Physics, Fundamental Theoretical and Astrophysics Group, P.O. Box 939, Ascot, Bulawayo, Republic of Zimbabwe. E-mail: [email protected] At a most fundamental level, gravitomagnetism is generally assumed to emerge from the General Theory of Relativity (GTR) as a first order approximation and not as an exact physical phenomenon. This is despite the fact that one can justify its existence from the Law of Conservation of Mass-Energy-Momentum in much the same manner one can justify Maxwell’s Theory of Electrodynamics. The major reason for this is that in the widely accepted GTR, Einstein cast gravitation as a geometric phenomenon to be understood from the vantage point of the dynamics of the metric of spacetime. In the literature, nowhere has it been demonstrated that one can harness the Maxwell Equa- tions applicable to the case of gravitation – i.e. equations that describe the gravitational phenomenon as having a magnetic-like component just as happens in Maxwellian Elec- trodynamics. Herein, we show that – under certain acceptable conditions where Weyl’s conformal scalar [1] is assumed to be a new kind of pseudo-scalar and the metric of spacetime is decomposed as gµν = AµAν so that it is a direct product of the components of a four-vector Aµ – gravitomagnetism can be given an exact description from within Weyl’s beautiful but supposedly failed geometry. My work always tried to unite the Truth with the Beautiful, consistent mathematical framework that has a direct corre- but when I had to choose one or the other, I usually chose the spondence with physical and natural reality as we know it. Beautiful. Despite his legendary lifelong failure to attain a unified Herman Klaus Hugo Weyl (1885-1955) field theory, Einstein [2, 3] understood very well the need for tensorial affine connections in the construction of a unified field theory. Einstein [2, 3] was not alone in this esoteric pot 1 Introduction of wisdom; amongst others, towering figures of history such Exactly 102 years ago, the great, brilliant and esoteric Ger- as Eddington [4] and Schrodinger¨ [5–7] all but made similar man mathematician cum mathematical physicist and philoso- noteworthy attempts to attain a unified field theory that made pher – Herman Klaus Hugo Weyl (1885-1955) – astounded use of tensorial affines. the world of Physics with the first ever unified field theory In the present work, this idea of tensorial affine connec- of gravitation and electromagnetism. At the time, gravitation tions is a fundamental lynchpin in the construction of what and electromagnetism were the only known forces of Nature, we believe is a noteworthy stepping stone to a Final Unified hence, from the viewpoint of the collective wisdom of the day, Field Theory (FUFT) of the gravitational phenomenon and Weyl’s [1] theory was seen as a unified field theory of all the the other forces of Nature. When we here say Final Uni- forces of Nature. Since Weyl’s [1] maiden efforts, unification fied Field Theory, we mean this in the context of the path of the gravitational phenomenon with the other forces of Na- (see [8–10]) that we are pursuing in order to arrive at what ture has remained as one of the greatest – if not the greatest we believe is the FUFT.
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