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Phylogeny Classification Additional Readings Clupeomorpha and Ostariophysi
Teleostei - AccessScience from McGraw-Hill Education http://www.accessscience.com/content/teleostei/680400 (http://www.accessscience.com/) Article by: Boschung, Herbert Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama. Gardiner, Brian Linnean Society of London, Burlington House, Piccadilly, London, United Kingdom. Publication year: 2014 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1036/1097-8542.680400 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1036/1097-8542.680400) Content Morphology Euteleostei Bibliography Phylogeny Classification Additional Readings Clupeomorpha and Ostariophysi The most recent group of actinopterygians (rayfin fishes), first appearing in the Upper Triassic (Fig. 1). About 26,840 species are contained within the Teleostei, accounting for more than half of all living vertebrates and over 96% of all living fishes. Teleosts comprise 517 families, of which 69 are extinct, leaving 448 extant families; of these, about 43% have no fossil record. See also: Actinopterygii (/content/actinopterygii/009100); Osteichthyes (/content/osteichthyes/478500) Fig. 1 Cladogram showing the relationships of the extant teleosts with the other extant actinopterygians. (J. S. Nelson, Fishes of the World, 4th ed., Wiley, New York, 2006) 1 of 9 10/7/2015 1:07 PM Teleostei - AccessScience from McGraw-Hill Education http://www.accessscience.com/content/teleostei/680400 Morphology Much of the evidence for teleost monophyly (evolving from a common ancestral form) and relationships comes from the caudal skeleton and concomitant acquisition of a homocercal tail (upper and lower lobes of the caudal fin are symmetrical). This type of tail primitively results from an ontogenetic fusion of centra (bodies of vertebrae) and the possession of paired bracing bones located bilaterally along the dorsal region of the caudal skeleton, derived ontogenetically from the neural arches (uroneurals) of the ural (tail) centra. -
Rockfish Populations Around Galiano Island Freedom to Swim: Research Component for Rockfish Recovery Project
GALIANO CONSERVANCY ASSOCIATION Rockfish populations around Galiano Island Freedom to Swim: Research Component for Rockfish Recovery Project 2013 Rockfish populations around Galiano Island Page 2 of 18 Executive Summary Rockfish (Sebastes), of the Scorpionfish family, are unique to the Pacific Northwest. As of 2012 there are 8 species listed as threatened or of special concern by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC). Canary, Quillback and Yellowmouth rockfish are listed as ‘threatened’; Rougheye Type I, Rougheye Type II, Darkblotched, Longspine Thornyhead, and Yelloweye (outside waters and inside waters populations) rockfish are listed as ‘special concern’. Both species of Rougheye and both populations of Yelloweye rockfish are also listed under the Species At Risk Act as ‘special concern’. These predatory fish can live at great depths, and tend to live very long lives of 80 or more years (Lamb and Edgell, 2010). These factors, when combined with their primarily territorial lifestyles, have made them particularly susceptible to overharvest. There is a strong need to protect these species with enforced no‐take marine protected areas, and we can only hope that recent conservation efforts will be enough to recover some of the most depleted populations (Lamb and Edgell, 2010; McConnell and Dinnel, 2002). In the late 1980s the commercial rockfish fishery boomed, which led to a series of management responses in the 1990s to attempt to recover the rapidly depleting stocks in BC (Yamanaka and Logan, 2010). This also occurred in the US as a direct result of pressure on the salmon stocks ‐ fishermen were urged to divert their attentions to bottom fish (McConnell and Dinnel, 2002). -
Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES, FISH COMMISSION. 225 B6.’REPORT ON ’ BLACK COD OF THJ3 NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN.* By JAMES G. SWAN. NAm.-The Anoplo$oma $fimbria is known in California as candle- fish, Spanish mackerel, grease-fish, &c. ; among the Makah Indians of Cape Flattery, Wash., as “ beshow,” and by the white residents at the ’ cape ;LR (4 black cod.” On Queen Charlotte’s Islands, British Columbia, it is called “coal-fish” by white settlers, and by the Baidah Indians: who reside on those islands, it is called “skil.” At Hnight’s Inlet, British Columbia, it is called “kwakewlth.” Each tribe or locality where it is taken has a local name for it, but it is generally ]mown as blqck cod. The scientific name, Anoploporna $fimbria, has been adopted. by Gill, Jordan & Gilbert, and most other writers, although a specimen taken ob Mount Saint Elias, Alaska, \vas named by Pallas Gadus jimbria (Prbc. U. S. Nat. Museum, 1881, vol. 4, p. 254), thus showing that its resemblancei to the cod was observed by that naturalist. The tern1 ‘c cod” is applied by fishermen and fish-dealers on the North Pacific coast to a variety of fish which are not related to the genus Gadus, and are iiot found in Atlantic maters. The Oplbiodo?z eloizgatus is called, in San Francisco, buffalo cod, green cod, blue cod, &c. At Uape Flattery the Makah Indiaus call it “tooshlrow.” The whites call it knltus cod or inferior to true cod. The different variotics of Sebastiahthys are known in the Victoria and San Francisco markets as rock cod, but do not re- semble the rock cod of New England in any manner, being more like the perch, having remarkable development of sharp bony spines and prickles. -
New Zealand Fishes a Field Guide to Common Species Caught by Bottom, Midwater, and Surface Fishing Cover Photos: Top – Kingfish (Seriola Lalandi), Malcolm Francis
New Zealand fishes A field guide to common species caught by bottom, midwater, and surface fishing Cover photos: Top – Kingfish (Seriola lalandi), Malcolm Francis. Top left – Snapper (Chrysophrys auratus), Malcolm Francis. Centre – Catch of hoki (Macruronus novaezelandiae), Neil Bagley (NIWA). Bottom left – Jack mackerel (Trachurus sp.), Malcolm Francis. Bottom – Orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus), NIWA. New Zealand fishes A field guide to common species caught by bottom, midwater, and surface fishing New Zealand Aquatic Environment and Biodiversity Report No: 208 Prepared for Fisheries New Zealand by P. J. McMillan M. P. Francis G. D. James L. J. Paul P. Marriott E. J. Mackay B. A. Wood D. W. Stevens L. H. Griggs S. J. Baird C. D. Roberts‡ A. L. Stewart‡ C. D. Struthers‡ J. E. Robbins NIWA, Private Bag 14901, Wellington 6241 ‡ Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, PO Box 467, Wellington, 6011Wellington ISSN 1176-9440 (print) ISSN 1179-6480 (online) ISBN 978-1-98-859425-5 (print) ISBN 978-1-98-859426-2 (online) 2019 Disclaimer While every effort was made to ensure the information in this publication is accurate, Fisheries New Zealand does not accept any responsibility or liability for error of fact, omission, interpretation or opinion that may be present, nor for the consequences of any decisions based on this information. Requests for further copies should be directed to: Publications Logistics Officer Ministry for Primary Industries PO Box 2526 WELLINGTON 6140 Email: [email protected] Telephone: 0800 00 83 33 Facsimile: 04-894 0300 This publication is also available on the Ministry for Primary Industries website at http://www.mpi.govt.nz/news-and-resources/publications/ A higher resolution (larger) PDF of this guide is also available by application to: [email protected] Citation: McMillan, P.J.; Francis, M.P.; James, G.D.; Paul, L.J.; Marriott, P.; Mackay, E.; Wood, B.A.; Stevens, D.W.; Griggs, L.H.; Baird, S.J.; Roberts, C.D.; Stewart, A.L.; Struthers, C.D.; Robbins, J.E. -
Highly Diversified Late Cretaceous Fish Assemblage Revealed by Otoliths (Ripley Formation and Owl Creek Formation, Northeast Mississippi, Usa)
Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia (Research in Paleontology and Stratigraphy) vol. 126(1): 111-155. March 2020 HIGHLY DIVERSIFIED LATE CRETACEOUS FISH ASSEMBLAGE REVEALED BY OTOLITHS (RIPLEY FORMATION AND OWL CREEK FORMATION, NORTHEAST MISSISSIPPI, USA) GARY L. STRINGER1, WERNER SCHWARZHANS*2 , GEORGE PHILLIPS3 & ROGER LAMBERT4 1Museum of Natural History, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana 71209, USA. E-mail: [email protected] 2Natural History Museum of Denmark, Zoological Museum, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark. E-mail: [email protected] 3Mississippi Museum of Natural Science, 2148 Riverside Drive, Jackson, Mississippi 39202, USA. E-mail: [email protected] 4North Mississippi Gem and Mineral Society, 1817 CR 700, Corinth, Mississippi, 38834, USA. E-mail: [email protected] *Corresponding author To cite this article: Stringer G.L., Schwarzhans W., Phillips G. & Lambert R. (2020) - Highly diversified Late Cretaceous fish assemblage revealed by otoliths (Ripley Formation and Owl Creek Formation, Northeast Mississippi, USA). Riv. It. Paleontol. Strat., 126(1): 111-155. Keywords: Beryciformes; Holocentriformes; Aulopiformes; otolith; evolutionary implications; paleoecology. Abstract. Bulk sampling and extensive, systematic surface collecting of the Coon Creek Member of the Ripley Formation (early Maastrichtian) at the Blue Springs locality and primarily bulk sampling of the Owl Creek Formation (late Maastrichtian) at the Owl Creek type locality, both in northeast Mississippi, USA, have produced the largest and most highly diversified actinopterygian otolith (ear stone) assemblage described from the Mesozoic of North America. The 3,802 otoliths represent 30 taxa of bony fishes representing at least 22 families. In addition, there were two different morphological types of lapilli, which were not identifiable to species level. -
Percomorph Phylogeny: a Survey of Acanthomorphs and a New Proposal
BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, 52(1): 554-626, 1993 PERCOMORPH PHYLOGENY: A SURVEY OF ACANTHOMORPHS AND A NEW PROPOSAL G. David Johnson and Colin Patterson ABSTRACT The interrelationships of acanthomorph fishes are reviewed. We recognize seven mono- phyletic terminal taxa among acanthomorphs: Lampridiformes, Polymixiiformes, Paracan- thopterygii, Stephanoberyciformes, Beryciformes, Zeiformes, and a new taxon named Smeg- mamorpha. The Percomorpha, as currently constituted, are polyphyletic, and the Perciformes are probably paraphyletic. The smegmamorphs comprise five subgroups: Synbranchiformes (Synbranchoidei and Mastacembeloidei), Mugilomorpha (Mugiloidei), Elassomatidae (Elas- soma), Gasterosteiformes, and Atherinomorpha. Monophyly of Lampridiformes is justified elsewhere; we have found no new characters to substantiate the monophyly of Polymixi- iformes (which is not in doubt) or Paracanthopterygii. Stephanoberyciformes uniquely share a modification of the extrascapular, and Beryciformes a modification of the anterior part of the supraorbital and infraorbital sensory canals, here named Jakubowski's organ. Our Zei- formes excludes the Caproidae, and characters are proposed to justify the monophyly of the group in that restricted sense. The Smegmamorpha are thought to be monophyletic principally because of the configuration of the first vertebra and its intermuscular bone. Within the Smegmamorpha, the Atherinomorpha and Mugilomorpha are shown to be monophyletic elsewhere. Our Gasterosteiformes includes the syngnathoids and the Pegasiformes -
Fish Otoliths from the Late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, Usa)
Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia (Research in Paleontology and Stratigraphy) vol. 126(2): 395-446. July 2020 FISH OTOLITHS FROM THE LATE MAASTRICHTIAN KEMP CLAY (TEXAS, USA) AND THE EARLY DANIAN CLAYTON FORMATION (ARKANSAS, USA) AND AN ASSESSMENT OF EXTINCTION AND SURVIVAL OF TELEOST LINEAGES ACROSS THE K-PG BOUNDARY BASED ON OTOLITHS WERNER SCHWARZHANS*1 & GARY L. STRINGER2 1Natural History Museum of Denmark, Zoological Museum, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark; and Ahrensburger Weg 103, D-22359 Hamburg, Germany, [email protected] 2 Museum of Natural History, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana 71209, USA, [email protected] *Corresponding author To cite this article: Schwarzhans W. & Stringer G.L. (2020) - Fish otoliths from the late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, USA) and the early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, USA) and an assessment of extinction and survival of teleost lineages across the K-Pg boundary based on otoliths. Riv. It. Paleontol. Strat., 126(2): 395-446. Keywords: K-Pg boundary event; Gadiformes; Heterenchelyidae; otolith; extinction; survival. Abstract. Otolith assemblages have rarely been studied across the K-Pg boundary. The late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay of northeastern Texas and the Fox Hills Formation of North Dakota, and the early Danian Clayton Formation of Arkansas therefore offer new insights into how teleost fishes managed across the K-Pg boundary as reconstructed from their otoliths. The Kemp Clay contains 25 species, with 6 new species and 2 in open nomenclature and the Fox Hills Formation contains 4 species including 1 new species. The two otolith associations constitute the Western Interior Seaway (WIS) community. -
Fishes of the Pacific Coast of Canada
PLATE V. Lingcod (Ophiodon elongatus). Two common shades of colour, illustrated on specimens about 30 inches long. PLATE VI. Blackbanded rockfish (Sebastodes nigrocinctus). Two common shades of colour, illustrated on a specimen 10 inches long. near Nootka but was not examined. In August, 1939, west of Cape St. James, Lat. 52° 49' N, Long. 1340 29' W, three specimens were obtained on a tuna lure and were recorded in 1940 by V. J. Samson. The albacore has been captured off the west coast of Vancouver Island in increasing numbers since 1939. The first large commercial catch was made in 1940. The abundance of the fish has proven to be rather variable in Canadian waters as it has off the California coast. This pelagic fish is distributed throughout all warm to temperate seas. Since no mature individuals have been taken anywhere along the Pacific coast of North America, it would seem that the albacore is a tropical fish whose young make extensive feeding migrations to distant regions and return to the tropics at the onset of maturity. The food consists of schooling small fishes such as anchovies, pilchards, herring, saunes, young mackerel and albacore, blue lanternfish (Tarle- tonbeania crenularis), as well as squid and zooplankton. It is a highly-prized sport and commercial fish and is taken with jigs made of bone, rags and feathers, towed behind boats. The commercial catch in Canadian waters is secured by trolling with bright red feather lures and is frozen for the most part, for subsequent canning. Fishermen sometimes refer to the albacore as the tuna or longfin tuna. -
History of Fishes - Structural Patterns and Trends in Diversification
History of fishes - Structural Patterns and Trends in Diversification AGNATHANS = Jawless • Class – Pteraspidomorphi • Class – Myxini?? (living) • Class – Cephalaspidomorphi – Osteostraci – Anaspidiformes – Petromyzontiformes (living) Major Groups of Agnathans • 1. Osteostracida 2. Anaspida 3. Pteraspidomorphida • Hagfish and Lamprey = traditionally together in cyclostomata Jaws = GNATHOSTOMES • Gnathostomes: the jawed fishes -good evidence for gnathostome monophyly. • 4 major groups of jawed vertebrates: Extinct Acanthodii and Placodermi (know) Living Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes • Living Chondrichthyans - usually divided into Selachii or Elasmobranchi (sharks and rays) and Holocephali (chimeroids). • • Living Osteichthyans commonly regarded as forming two major groups ‑ – Actinopterygii – Ray finned fish – Sarcopterygii (coelacanths, lungfish, Tetrapods). • SARCOPTERYGII = Coelacanths + (Dipnoi = Lung-fish) + Rhipidistian (Osteolepimorphi) = Tetrapod Ancestors (Eusthenopteron) Close to tetrapods Lungfish - Dipnoi • Three genera, Africa+Australian+South American ACTINOPTERYGII Bichirs – Cladistia = POLYPTERIFORMES Notable exception = Cladistia – Polypterus (bichirs) - Represented by 10 FW species - tropical Africa and one species - Erpetoichthys calabaricus – reedfish. Highly aberrant Cladistia - numerous uniquely derived features – long, independent evolution: – Strange dorsal finlets, Series spiracular ossicles, Peculiar urohyal bone and parasphenoid • But retain # primitive Actinopterygian features = heavy ganoid scales (external -
Phylogeny of Lampridiform Fishes
W&M ScholarWorks VIMS Articles Virginia Institute of Marine Science 1993 Phylogeny Of Lampridiform Fishes JE Olney Virginia Institute of Marine Science GD Johnson Virginia Institute of Marine Science CC Baldwin Virginia Institute of Marine Science Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/vimsarticles Part of the Aquaculture and Fisheries Commons, and the Marine Biology Commons Recommended Citation Olney, JE; Johnson, GD; and Baldwin, CC, Phylogeny Of Lampridiform Fishes (1993). Bulletin of Marine Science, 52(1), 137-169. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/vimsarticles/1533 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Virginia Institute of Marine Science at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in VIMS Articles by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, 52(1): 137-169, 1993 PHYLOGENY OF LAMPRIDIFORM FISHES John E. Olney, G. David Johnson and Carole C. Baldwin ABSTRACT A survey of characters defining the Neoteleostei, Eurypterygii, Ctenosquamata, Acantho- morpha, Paracanthopterygii and Acanthopterygii convincingly places the Lampridiformes within the acanthomorph clade. Lampridiforms are primitive with respect to the Percomorpha but their precise placement among basal acanthomorphs remains unclear. In the absence of a specific sister-group hypothesis, Polymixia. percopsiform and beryciform taxa were used as outgroups in a cladistic analysis of the order. Monophyly of Lampridiformes is supported by four apomorphies; three are correlated modifications related to the evolution ofa unique feeding mechanism in which the maxilla slides forward with the premaxilla during jaw protrusion. The Veliferidae are the sister group of all other lampridiforms. -
BOEM 2017-066 Genomics of Arctic
OCS Study BOEM 2017 -066 Genomics of Arctic Cod US Department of the Interior Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Alaska OCS Region OCS Study BOEM 2017-066 Genomics of Arctic Cod 30 September 2017 Authors Robert E. Wilson, George K. Sage, Sarah A. Sonsthagen, Meg C. Gravley, Damian M. Menning and Sandra L. Talbot Prepared under BOEM Award M14PG00008 By U. S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center 4210 University Drive Anchorage, AK 99508 USA US Department of the Interior Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Alaska OCS Region DISCLAIMER This study was funded, in part, by the US Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), Environmental Studies Program, Washington, DC, through Agreement Number M14PG00008 with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Bureau of Oceans Energy and Management. REPORT AVAILABILITY To download a PDF file of this report, go to the U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Data and Information Systems webpage (https://marinecadastre.gov/espis/#) and search on 2017-066. CITATION Wilson, R.E, G.K. Sage, S.A. Sonsthagen, M.C. Gravley, D.M. Menning, and S.L. Talbot. 2017. Genomics of Arctic Cod. Anchorage, AK: US Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Alaska OCS Region. OCS Study BOEM 2017-066. 92pp. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We thank the numerous staff at U.S. Geological Survey for providing samples and for laboratory and graphical assistance. The BOEM Alaska OCS Region contributed to this document. -
Ward, A.B. and E. L. Brainerd. 2007. Evolution of Axial Patterning In
Blackwell Publishing LtdOxford, UKBIJBiological Journal of the Linnean Society0024-4066© 2006 The Linnean Society of London? 2006 90? 97116 Original Article AXIAL PATTERNING IN FISHES A. B. WARD and E. L. BRAINERD Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2007, 90, 97–116. With 9 figures Evolution of axial patterning in elongate fishes ANDREA B. WARD* and ELIZABETH L. BRAINERD† Biology Department and Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst MA 01003, USA Received 7 July 2005; accepted for publication 1 March 2006 Within the ray-finned fishes, eel-like (extremely elongate) body forms have evolved multiple times from deeper-bod- ied forms. Previous studies have shown that elongation of the vertebral column may be associated with an increase in the number of vertebrae, an increase in the length of the vertebral centra, or a combination of both. Because the vertebral column of fishes has at least two anatomically distinct regions (i.e. abdominal and caudal), an increase in the number and relative length of the vertebrae could be region-specific or occur globally across the length of the ver- tebral column. In the present study, we recorded vertebral counts and measurements of vertebral aspect ratio (ver- tebral length/width) from museum specimens for 54 species representing seven groups of actinopterygian fishes. We also collected, from published literature, vertebral counts for 813 species from 14 orders of actinopterygian and elas- mobranch fishes. We found that the number of vertebrae can increase independently in the abdominal and caudal regions of the vertebral column, but changes in aspect ratio occur similarly in both regions.