Transposition Handout.Mus

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Transposition Transposition - Many instruments (and voice) are referred to as C instruments - the pitch you see is the pitch you hear. - Transposing instruments sound a different pitch than the pitch that is notated. Common examples are: * B instruments - B trumpet, B clarinet, tenor saxophone, soprano saxophone b b b * E instruments - alto saxophone, baritone saxophone, E clarinet b b * F instruments - french horn, english horn * A instruments - A clarinet * Certain instruments such as horn, trumpet, and clarinet can be pitched in several different keys (C, D, A, etc.) - When a transposing instrument plays a C, it will sound its transposition pitch (i.e. a B trumpet would sound a B ). b b - Reference Appendix A in your text (pgs. 593-594) for additional instrument transposition information Notating for Transposing Instruments - Determine the transposition necessary * If an instrument sounds a M2 lower, the notated part must be written a M2 higher to sound correctly - Transpose by key signature and generic interval * Write the correct key signature for the transposing instrument * Transpose the notes each by the same generic interval (i.e. 2nd, 4th, etc.) - Transpose by key signature and scale degree * Write the correct key signature for the transposing instrument * Transpose the notes by placing them on the same scale degree (i.e. tonic in C to tonic in D) - Transpose by specific interval (music without key signature) * In cases without a key signature (particularly atonal music) it is necessary to transpose each note by the same specific interval (i.e. M2, P4, etc.) Assume the following four measures were written for violin: # œ œ & 43 œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ œ Transpose these measures for B trumpet (up a M2) b & Transpose these measures for E alto saxophone (up a M6) b & Transpose these measures for tuba (down two octaves; still in C) ? Gottry Music Theory.

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Transposition Tutorial 1
Transposition Tutorial 1 Open the transposition menu by clicking the radio button Defaults menus: 1st dropdown menu: To the following key; 2nd dropdown menu: C Major / A minor; Up and All Staves. Transposing by key: From the 2nd dropdown menu showing C Major/A minor, select a key and then choose Up or Down depending on the key. Up or Down indicates direction of the transposition. For best results, when transposing by key choose the direction which results in the smallest interval of change. Click OK to complete the transposition. To return to the original key, click Reload. Transpositions cannot be saved. Closing the selection or the viewer will automatically reset to the original key. Transposing for an instrument: From the 1st dropdown menu select: For a transposing instrument. From the 2nd dropdown menu, now showing Soprano Saxophone select your instrument. If your music is a Piano Vocal sheet, you may want to transpose only the melody by selecting Staff Number(s)1 through 1. You will transpose only the melody for the instrument you choose and the piano will remain in its correct key. Transposition Tutorial 2 Transposing for an Instrument (continued): Once you have transposed the melody line for a specific instrument you may choose to change the octave of just the melody line. For example, Tenor Saxophone transposes up an octave and a 2nd, and the resulting transposition may be too high for the instrument. From the 1st dropdown menu, select By Interval. From the 2nd dropdown menu now showing Minor Second, select Perfect Octave. Select the Down button and to transpose only the melody line select Staff Number(s) (Staff number 1 though 1 is the melody line).
[Show full text]
An App to Find Useful Glissandos on a Pedal Harp by Bill Ooms
HarpPedals An app to find useful glissandos on a pedal harp by Bill Ooms Introduction: For many years, harpists have relied on the excellent book “A Harpist’s Survival Guide to Glisses” by Kathy Bundock Moore. But if you are like me, you don’t always carry all of your books with you. Many of us now keep our music on an iPad®, so it would be convenient to have this information readily available on our tablet. For those of us who don’t use a tablet for our music, we may at least have an iPhone®1 with us. The goal of this app is to provide a quick and easy way to find the various pedal settings for commonly used glissandos in any key. Additionally, it would be nice to find pedal positions that produce a gliss for common chords (when possible). Device requirements: The application requires an iPhone or iPad running iOS 11.0 or higher. Devices with smaller screens will not provide enough space. The following devices are recommended: iPhone 7, 7Plus, 8, 8Plus, X iPad 9.7-inch, 10.5-inch, 12.9-inch Set the pedals with your finger: In the upper window, you can set the pedal positions by tapping the upper, middle, or lower position for flat, natural, and sharp pedal position. The scale or chord represented by the pedal position is shown in the list below the pedals (to the right side). Many pedal positions do not form a chord or scale, so this window may be blank. Often, there are several alternate combinations that can give the same notes.
[Show full text]
Recognizing Key Signatures Music Fundamentals 14-119-T
Recognizing Key Signatures Music Fundamentals 14-119-T Constructing the Key Signature: In the last lecture, we connected scales and tonality. We also found that in order to alleviate the labor of writing accidentals, key signatures Figure 1 were created. To review, key signatures are placed immediately after a clef, and they indicate what accidentals are needed throughout a composition, thus those accidentals would not have to be written next to a note in the music [see Figure 1]. Any note that does not have an accidental is considered natural. Key signatures will have either all sharps or all flats. Key signatures with both sharps and flats do not exist. Figure 2 Key Signatures 2 - page 1 The Circle of 5ths: One of the easiest ways of recognizing key signatures is by using the circle of 5ths [see Figure 2]. To begin, we must simply memorize the key signature without any flats or sharps. For a major key, this is C-major and for a minor key, A-minor. After that, we can figure out the key signature by following the diagram in Figure 2. By adding one sharp, the key signature moves up a perfect 5th from what preceded it. Therefore, since C-major has not sharps or flats, by adding one sharp to the key signa- ture, we find G-major (G is a perfect 5th above C). You can see this by moving clockwise around the circle of 5ths. For key signatures with flats, we move counter-clockwise around the circle. Since we are moving “backwards,” it makes sense that by adding one flat, the key signature is a perfect 5th below from what preceded it.
[Show full text]
Music Braille Code, 2015
MUSIC BRAILLE CODE, 2015 Developed Under the Sponsorship of the BRAILLE AUTHORITY OF NORTH AMERICA Published by The Braille Authority of North America ©2016 by the Braille Authority of North America All rights reserved. This material may be duplicated but not altered or sold. ISBN: 978-0-9859473-6-1 (Print) ISBN: 978-0-9859473-7-8 (Braille) Printed by the American Printing House for the Blind. Copies may be purchased from: American Printing House for the Blind 1839 Frankfort Avenue Louisville, Kentucky 40206-3148 502-895-2405 • 800-223-1839 www.aph.org [email protected] Catalog Number: 7-09651-01 The mission and purpose of The Braille Authority of North America are to assure literacy for tactile readers through the standardization of braille and/or tactile graphics. BANA promotes and facilitates the use, teaching, and production of braille. It publishes rules, interprets, and renders opinions pertaining to braille in all existing codes. It deals with codes now in existence or to be developed in the future, in collaboration with other countries using English braille. In exercising its function and authority, BANA considers the effects of its decisions on other existing braille codes and formats, the ease of production by various methods, and acceptability to readers. For more information and resources, visit www.brailleauthority.org. ii BANA Music Technical Committee, 2015 Lawrence R. Smith, Chairman Karin Auckenthaler Gilbert Busch Karen Gearreald Dan Geminder Beverly McKenney Harvey Miller Tom Ridgeway Other Contributors Christina Davidson, BANA Music Technical Committee Consultant Richard Taesch, BANA Music Technical Committee Consultant Roger Firman, International Consultant Ruth Rozen, BANA Board Liaison iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ..............................................................
[Show full text]
Universi^ Micfdmlms International
INFORMATION TO USERS This reproduction was made from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this document, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality o f the material submitted. The following explanation o f techniques is provided to help clarify markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or “target” for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is “Missing Page(s)”. If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark, it is an indication of either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, duplicate copy, or copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed. For blurred pages, a good image o f the page can be found in the adjacent frame. If copyrighted materials were deleted, a target note will appear listing the pages in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., is part of the material being photographed, a definite method of “sectioning” the material has been followed. It is customary to begin filming at the upper left hand comer of a large sheet and to continue from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. If necessary, sectioning is continued again—beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete.
[Show full text]
Reed Instruments About Reeds
Reed Instruments About Reeds A reed is a thin elastic strip of cane fixed at one end and free at the other. It is set into vibration by moving air. Reeds are the sound generators in the instruments described below. Cane reeds are built as either double or single reeds. A double reed consists of two pieces of cane carved and bound into a hollow, round shape at one end and flattened out and shaved thin at the other. The two pieces are tied together to form an channel. The single reed is a piece of cane shaved at one end and fastened at the other to a mouthpiece. Single Reed Instruments Clarinet: A family of single reed instruments with mainly a cylindrical bore. They are made of grenadilla (African blackwood) or ebonite, plastic, and metal. Clarinets are transposing instruments* and come in different keys. The most common ones used in orchestras are the clarinet in A and the clarinet in Bb. When a part calls for a clarinet in A, the player may either double -i.e. play the clarinet in A, or play the clarinet in Bb and transpose* the part as he plays. During the time of Beethoven, the clarinet in C was also in use and players were expected to be able to play all three instruments when required. All clarinets are notated in the treble clef and have approximately the same written range: E below middle C to c´´´´ (C five ledger lines above the staff). Bass Clarinet: A member of the clarinet family made of wood, which sounds an octave lower than the Clarinet in Bb.
[Show full text]
Arranging Project F2018
Week 7 Arranging Project: Guidelines and Rubric Real-World Application: Your uncle is getting married and, having learned that you are now a music student, decides that you should arrange his favorite song (Billy Joel’s “Piano Man”) for his church string quartet. How do we go about the process of arranging a pop song for a classical ensemble? I. Dates and Times POD meetings: Monday 10/1–Thursday 10/4 (4 days), 8:00–8:50, location of your choice Presentation: Friday 10/5, 8:00–8:50: room 238 (21616), room 123 (21613) II. Project Description. Brief Description: As a POD, choose a pop song,1 transcribe it, then arrange it for an ensemble of your choosing. Play your arrangement on Friday, and talk about why you made the choices you did. Step-by-Step instructions: 1. Bring in a song. Each person of the POD comes in first thing Monday morning with an idea of a song they’d like to arrange. Be able to play these for each other, and convince your POD why they should choose yours. Decide among your POD which of the four pieces to work on (suggested completion=Monday). 2. Working together,2 transcribe the song. See below for a list of the four functional layers of most pieces of music. At minimum, you must transcribe your song’s a) the primary melodic layer and b) the functional bass layer. You must also transcribe the harmonic filler layer using your choice of: c) chord symbols,3 roman numerals, or figured bass; or d) the actual instrument parts.
[Show full text]
Rāga Recognition Based on Pitch Distribution Methods
Rāga Recognition based on Pitch Distribution Methods Gopala K. Koduria, Sankalp Gulatia, Preeti Raob, Xavier Serraa aMusic Technology Group, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain. bDepartment of Electrical Engg., Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India. Abstract Rāga forms the melodic framework for most of the music of the Indian subcontinent. us automatic rāga recognition is a fundamental step in the computational modeling of the Indian art-music traditions. In this work, we investigate the properties of rāga and the natural processes by which people identify it. We bring together and discuss the previous computational approaches to rāga recognition correlating them with human techniques, in both Karṇāṭak (south Indian) and Hindustānī (north Indian) music traditions. e approaches which are based on ﬁrst-order pitch distributions are further evaluated on a large com- prehensive dataset to understand their merits and limitations. We outline the possible short and mid-term future directions in this line of work. Keywords: Indian art music, Rāga recognition, Pitch-distribution analysis 1. Introduction ere are two prominent art-music traditions in the Indian subcontinent: Karṇāṭak in the Indian peninsular and Hindustānī in north India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. Both are orally transmied from one generation to another, and are heterophonic in nature (Viswanathan & Allen (2004)). Rāga and tāla are their fundamental melodic and rhythmic frameworks respectively. However, there are ample diﬀer- ences between the two traditions in their conceptualization (See (Narmada (2001)) for a comparative study of rāgas). ere is an abundance of musicological resources that thoroughly discuss the melodic and rhythmic concepts (Viswanathan & Allen (2004); Clayton (2000); Sambamoorthy (1998); Bagchee (1998)).
[Show full text]
Key and Mode in Seventeenth- Century Music Theory Books
204 KEY AND MODE IN SEVENTEENTH- One of the more remarkable cultural phenomena of modern times is the emergence of a generally accepted musico-syn- tactical system (a musical "language") known, among other ways, as the "common practice of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries," or as the "major/minor system of harmony," or as "tonal [as opposed to modal] harmony. " While twentieth-cen- tury composers have sought new ways to structure music, in- terest in the major/minor system continues undiminished owing to a variety of reasons, among them the facts that the bulk of present day concert repertoire stems from the common prac- tice period, and that theories relevant originally to music of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries have been profitably extended to more recent music. 205 CENTURY MUSIC THEORY BOOKS WALTER ATCHERSON Much has been written concerning the major/minor system. By far the most words have been expended in attempts to codify the syntax of major/minor and make it into a workable method of teaching composition. Numerous music theory text books of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries fall into this cate- gory. Another category of writing concerning the major/minor system consists of those efforts to set forth philosophical, mathematical, or acoustical explanations of major/minor har- mony; this category often overlaps the first, as it does already in Jean-Philippe Rameau's TRAITE DE L'HARMONIE (1722). In the twentieth century the major/minor system has ceased to serve as a basis for composition instruction, and the search 206 for philosophical, mathematical, and acoustical explanations has proved unrewarding.
[Show full text]
Phd Thesis, University of Helsinki, Department of Computer Science, November 2000
5 Quantisation hythm together with melody is one of the basic elements in music. According to Longuet-Higgins ([LH76]) human listeners are much more sensitive to the perception of rhythm than to the R perception of melody or pitch related features. Usually it is easier for trained and untrained listeners as well as for musicians to transcribe a rhythm, than details about heard intervals, harmonic changes or absolute pitch. “The term rhythm refers to the general sense of movement in time that characterizes our experience of music (Apel, 1972). Rhythm often refers to the organization of events in time, such that they combine perceptually into groups or induce a sense of meter (Cooper & Meyer, 1960; Lerdahl & Jackendoff, 1983). In this sense, rhythm is not an objective property of music, it is an experience that has both objective and subjective components. The experience of rhythm arises from the interaction of the various materials of music – pitch, intensity, timbre, and so forth – within the individual listener.” [LK94] In general the task of transcribing the rhythm of a performance is different from the previously described beat tracking or tempo detection issue. For estimating a tempo profile it is sufficient to infer score time positions for a set of dedicated anchor notes (i.e., beats respectively clicks), for the rhythm transcription task score time positions and durations for all performance notes must be inferred. Because the possible time positions in a score are specified as fractions using a rather small set of possible denominators, a score represents a grid of discrete time positions. The resolution of the grid is context and style dependent, common scores often uses only a resolution of 1/16th notes but higher resolutions (in most cases binary) or non-standard resolutions for arbitrary tuplets can always occur and might also be correct.
[Show full text]
Key Signatures Meters Tempo Clefs and Transpositions Position Work
The composition criteria for MSHSAA sight reading selections were revised in 2013-14. As a result, the committee determined that it would be beneficial to music directors throughout the state to have this criterion available to assist in preparations for sight reading. With this information in hand, directors will have a better understanding of the difficulty of the selection that will be used and will know what to expect in regard to rhythms, ranges, time signatures, etc. Key Signatures Key Signatures will be limited to the following: C, G, D, F, Bb major and relative natural minors. There should be at least one key signature change per piece. Meters Meters will be limited to the following: 2/4, 3/4, 4/4, Cut Time, 6/8 Tempo Tempi will be no slower than 72 beats per minute and no faster than 120 beats per minute. For continuous pieces, there will be at least one tempo change, but no more than two. Clefs and Transpositions Viola can have limited use of treble clef. Cello can have limited use of tenor clef. Position Work for Strings 3rd position and minimal use of 5th position may be used in the violin 1 part only. Minimal 3rd position work may be used in the violin 2 and viola parts. Half, 2nd, 3rd and 4th position work may be used in the cello part. Half position to the fourth position work may be used in the bass part. Divisi Limited use of divisi parts may be written. Repeats 1st and 2nd endings may be used.
[Show full text]
Pitch Bending and Glissandi on the Clarinet: Roles of the Vocal Tract and Partial Tone Hole Closure
Pitch bending and glissandi on the clarinet: Roles of the vocal tract and partial tone hole closure ͒ Jer-Ming Chen,a John Smith, and Joe Wolfe School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia ͑Received 9 March 2009; revised 15 June 2009; accepted 17 June 2009͒ Clarinettists combine non-standard fingerings with particular vocal tract configurations to achieve pitch bending, i.e., sounding pitches that can deviate substantially from those of standard fingerings. Impedance spectra were measured in the mouth of expert clarinettists while they played normally and during pitch bending, using a measurement head incorporated within a functioning clarinet mouthpiece. These were compared with the input impedance spectra of the clarinet for the fingerings used. Partially uncovering a tone hole by sliding a finger raises the frequency of clarinet impedance peaks, thereby allowing smooth increases in sounding pitch over some of the range. To bend notes in the second register and higher, however, clarinettists produce vocal tract resonances whose impedance maxima have magnitudes comparable with those of the bore resonance, which then may influence or determine the sounding frequency. It is much easier to bend notes down than up because of the phase relations of the bore and tract resonances, and the compliance of the reed. Expert clarinettists performed the glissando opening of Gershwin’s Rhapsody in Blue. Here, players coordinate the two effects: They slide their fingers gradually over open tone holes, while simultaneously adjusting a strong vocal tract resonance to the desired pitch. © 2009 Acoustical Society of America. ͓DOI: 10.1121/1.3177269͔ PACS number͑s͒: 43.75.Pq, 43.75.St ͓NHF͔ Pages: 1511–1520 I.
[Show full text]