Detailed Description of Oviparous Females and Males of Tubaphis
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ZOOSYSTEMATICA ROSSICA, 23(2): 219–233 25 DECEMBER 2014 Detailed description of oviparous females and males of Tubaphis ranunculina (Homoptera: Aphididae) with comments on the species distribution Подробное описание яйцекладущих самок и самцов Tubaphis ranunculina (Homoptera: Aphididae) с комментариями о распространении этого вида A.V. STEKOLSHCHIKOV* & S.V. BUGA А.В. СТЕКОЛЬЩИКОВ, С.В. БУГА A.V. Stekolshchikov, Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Universitetskaya nab., St Petersburg 199034, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] S.V. Buga, Department of Zoology, Belarusian State University, 4 Nezavisimosti av., Minsk 220030, Republic of Belarus. E-mail: [email protected] Detailed descriptions of oviparous females and males of Tubaphis ranunculina (Walker, 1852) (Homoptera: Aphididae) are given. The most complete data on the distribution of this species are overviewed. Acyrthosiphon (Microlophium) ranunculi Mordvilko, 1914 is considered as a new subjective synonym of Acyrthosiphon malvae (Mosley, 1841). В статье дается подробное морфологическое описание яйцекладущих самок и самцов Tubaphis ranunculina (Walker, 1852) (Homoptera: Aphididae) и приводятся самые полные данные по распространению этого вида. Acyrthosiphon (Microlophium) ranunculi Mord- vilko, 1914 рассматривается как новый субъективный синоним Acyrthosiphon malvae (Mosley, 1841). Key words: aphids, geographical distribution, host plants, life cycle, Ranunculus, Tubaphis ra- nunculina Ключевые слова: тли, географическое распространение, растения-хозяева, жизненный цикл, Ranunculus, Tubaphis ranunculina Tubaphis ranunculina was described as the leaves and stem of Ranunculus velutinus Aphis ranunculina by Francis Walker in Ten. in April and May 1898 in le Cascine 1852. The original article (Walker, 1852) di Firenze (Italy) and described as a new contains short descriptions of apterous vi- species, Myzus ranunculis, on page 148 in viparous females. According to Doncaster the key or Myzus ranunculi on page 151 (1961) the type material of the species was (Del Guercio, 1900). Schouteden (1906) collected 23 August 1847 from Ranuncu- recorded Myzus ranunculi Del Guercio for lus sp. in Southgate (United Kingdom). Belgium from Ranunculus acris L. and pro- Del Guercio collected alate and apterous vided a brief description of the collected viviparous females from the underside of specimens. Later, Börner (1952) estab- lished that Myzus ranunculi Del Guercio *Corresponding author. should be considered as a synonym of Tuba- © 2014 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Scienсes 220 A.V. STEKOLSHCHIKOV & S.V. BUGA. DESCRIPTION OF TUBAPHIS RANUNCULINA phis ranunculina (Walker, 1852). Theobald Hille Ris Lambers (1947) briefly de- (1913) referred Aphis ranunculina Walker scribed a new monotypic genus, Tubap- to the genus Macrosiphum Passerini, 1860 his, with a type species, Aphis ranunculina with a note that the material was collected Walker, 1852. According to the original in May in Guildford (Southeast England) comparison, the genus is close to Aula- from Ranunculus spp. His description and corthum Mordvilko, 1914, but differs in the drawing included reticulations on the sip- form of a cauda, by the absence of second- hunculi, indicating that he was not actually ary rhinaria on the 3rd antennal segment working with Walker’s species, which does of apterous females, by the distribution of not have such reticulations. Subsequently, secondary rhinaria on 3rd and 4th antennal Theobald (1926) assigned the species to segments of alate females, and by a lower the genus Myzus, omitting any mention of value of the ratio of the processus termi- the reticulations on the siphunculi of apter- nalis to the base of last antennal segment. ous and alate females. Stroyan (1954) considered that the differ- Mordvilko (1914) in fact described a ences between Tubaphis and Myzus Passer- new species, Acyrthosiphon (Microlophium) ini, 1860 were not great and considered it a ranunculi in the key of genus Acyrthosi- subgenus of Myzus. This opinion was sup- phon Mordvilko, 1914, but amended it in ported by a number of other specialists who his “Additions and corrections”, using the subsequently used the species name Myzus other authorship: Acyrthosiphon ranunculi- (Tubaphis) ranunculina. è num (Walker). Five years later, in the sec- Remaudi re (1951) collected oviparous ond part of the his book, Mordvilko (1919) females 20 October 1948 near Paris (France) on Ranunculus sp. and presented the fact gave a detailed description of an apterous that T. ranunculina is monoecious and holo- female and a short description of an ovipa- cyclic. One year later, Börner (1952) also rous female (one specimen) and an apterous indicated that T. ranunculina is monoecious male (two specimens) of the species, which and holocyclic, but without any explana- he considered to be Acyrthosiphon ranun- tions. Börner & Heinze (1957) reported that culinum (Walker). Mordvilko’s material males of T. ranunculina are apterous, but up included apterous viviparous females col- to now morphological description of ovipa- lected from Ranunculus sp. in Estonia, and rous females and males have been made only viviparae together with oviparous females in a few lines by Blackman (2010). and apterous males from unknown plant in the Faroe Islands. Hille Ris Lambers (1949) DISTRIBUTION OF supposed that both Mordvilko’s Acyrthosi- TUBAPHIS RANUNCULINA phon (Microlophium) ranunculi and Acyr- thosiphon ranunculinum (Walker) were in T. ranunculina is widespread in Eurasia, reality Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach, but its distribution has been studied most 1843). However, our study of the Mord- extensively in the Europe. It was registered vilko’s slides, preserved in the collection from the following territories: of the Zoological Institute of the Russian United Kingdom: The species is known Academy of Sciences (St Petersburg) (ZIN from many counties of England from Ra- RAS), reveals that these are Acyrthosiphon nunculus repens L. and Ranunculus sp. (Wal- malvae (Mosley, 1841) which is known ker, 1852 [as Aphis ranunculina]; Theobald, to have apterous males (Prior & Stroyan, 1913 [as Macrosiphum ranunculus Walker], 1964). So, Acyrthosiphon (Microlophium) 1926 [as Myzus ranunculus Walker]; Han- ranunculi Mordvilko, 1914 is a new sub- cock, 1978; Wood-Baker, 1980), from Scot- jective synonym of Acyrthosiphon malvae land on R. acris, R. repens, Ranunculus sp. (Mosley, 1841). and from trap (Theobald, 1926 [as Myzus © 2014 Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Scienсes, Zoosystematica Rossica 23(2): 219–233 A.V. STEKOLSHCHIKOV & S.V. BUGA. DESCRIPTION OF TUBAPHIS RANUNCULINA 221 ranunculus Walker]; Shaw, 1952, 1964; was collected in northern Italy (regions Stroyan, 1977), from Wales (Blackman, Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, Tuscany, 2010) and from the Island of Guernsey on Emilia Romagna) on R. velutinus, R. repens Ranunculus sp. (Eastop, 1953). Ireland: T. and Ranunculus sp. (Del Guercio, 1900 [as ranunculina was noted on R. repens and ap- Myzus ranunculi sp. n.]; Barbagallo & Patti, parently accidentally, on Potentilla ?erecta 1994; Barbagallo et al., 1994, 2011), as well Uspenski ex Ledeb. in the South-West of as in the south (Barbagallo et al., 1994) and Ireland (County Cork) (Carter et al., 1987), in Sardinia (Barbagallo, 1985). Switzer- and later was captured there in Moericke- land: The species was observed on R. acris in traps (Kennedy & Connery, 2000). Portu- the canton of Zürich and the canton of Zug gal–Madeira: The species was recorded in (Lampel & Meier, 2007). Austria: Aphids Madeira Island on R. repens (Ilharco 1974, were collected on R. acris in southern Aus- 1984; Pita & Ilharco, 2004). Spain: Aphids tria (state Carinthia) (Franz, 1959, as R. were collected in the provinces of Cantabria acer). Germany: Börner (1952), Börner & on R. acris (Nieto Nafría, 1976 as Ranuncu- Heinze (1957) and Heinze (1961) give some lus acer auct.), Zamora on Ranunculus sp. data about T. ranunculina, but nowhere indi- (Mier Durante, 1978) and León on R. repens cated that the species was found in Germa- (Tizado Morales, 1990), as well as caught ny. Börner (1952) and Heinze (1961) fo- using Moericke-traps and suction traps in cused on the aphids of Central Europe with- the provinces of León and Salamanca (Mazé out indicating of their exact distribution, González, Suáñez Fidalgo & Mier Durante, and Börner & Heinze (1957) indicated a 1985; Seco Fernández et al., 1989; Seco distribution of the species simply as ‘Eu- Fernández et al., 1991). France: Remaudière rope’. Börner (1952) refered to the paper of (1951) provided the data that the species Ross & Hedicke (1927), suggesting that was collected 20 October 1948 on R. acris in ‘Rhopalosiphoninus dianthi Schrank’ from the region Île-de-France and he pointed out Ranunculus is in fact T. ranunculina. How- that oviparous females have been present in ever, Ross & Hedicke (1927) also did not the colony. Also, a lot of specimens of the indicate this species for Germany. Thus, the species collected from R. acris and Ranuncu- note of Gleiss (1967) on finding of this spe- lus sp. in the regions of Alsace, Aquitaine, cies on R. repens in Schleswig-Holstein is Brittany, Île-de-France, Limousin, Lorraine, the first and still the only record for Germa- Lower Normandy, Pays de la Loire, Pro- ny. Norway: All samples of T. ranunculina in vence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur and are stored in this country were taken in southern Norway. the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle Aphids were collected from R. acris in the (MNHN) (Paris, France).