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Gothic Architecture in Spain: Invention and Imitation

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Gothic Architecture in Spain: Invention and Imitation GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE IN SPAIN: INVENTION AND IMITATION Edited by: Tom Nickson Nicola Jennings COURTAULD Acknowledgements BOOKS Publication of this e-book was generously Gothic Architecture in Spain: Invention and Imitation ONLINE supported by Sackler Research Forum of The Edited by Tom Nickson and Nicola Jennings Courtauld Institute of Art and by the Office of Scientific and Cultural Affairs of the Spanish With contributions by: Embassy in London. Further funds came from the Colnaghi Foundation, which also sponsored the Tom Nickson conference from which these papers derive. The Henrik Karge editors are especially grateful to Dr Steven Brindle Javier Martínez De Aguirre and to the second anonymous reader (from Spain) Encarna Montero for their careful reviews of all the essays in this Amadeo Serra Desfilis collection. We also thank Andrew Cummings, Nicola Jennings who carefully copyedited all the texts, as well as Diana Olivares Alixe Bovey, Maria Mileeva and Grace Williams, Costanza Beltrami who supported this e-book at different stages of its Nicolás Menéndez González production. Begoña Alonso Ruiz ISBN 978-1-907485-12-1 Series Editor: Alixe Bovey Managing Editor: Maria Mileeva Courtauld Books Online is published by the Research Forum of The Courtauld Institute of Art Vernon Square, Penton Rise, King’s Cross, London, WC1X 9EW © 2020, The Courtauld Institute of Art, London. Courtauld Books Online is a series of scholarly books published by The Courtauld Institute of Art. The series includes research publications that emerge from Courtauld Research Forum events and Courtauld projects involving an array of outstanding scholars from art history and conservation across the world. It is an open-access series, freely available to readers to read online and to download without charge. The series has been developed in the context of research priorities of The Courtauld Institute of Art which emphasise the extension of knowledge in the fields of art history and conservation, and the development of new patterns of explanation. For more information contact [email protected] All chapters of this book are available for download courtauld.ac.uk/research/courtauld-books-online Every effort has been made to contact the copyright holders of images reproduced in this publication. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. All rights reserved. Cover image Simon de Colonia, church of Santa Maria de Miraflores, vault of the capilla mayor (1480s). CONTENTS List of Illustrations Acknowledgements 1. Gothic Architecture in Spain: Invention and Imitation Tom Nickson, Courtauld Institute of Art 2. The ‘Sumptuous Style’: Richly Decorated Gothic Churches in the Reign of Alfonso the Learned Henrik Karge, Technical University, Dresden 3. The King, the Architects and the Philosopher: Invention in Mallorcan Architecture around 1300 Javier Martínez de Aguirre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid 4. Architectural Practice in Spain 1370–1450: Documents and Drawings Encarna Montero, Universitat de València 5. Patterns of intention: Royal Chapels in the Crown of Aragon (Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries) and the Capilla de los Reyes in the Convent of Saint Dominic, Valencia Amadeo Serra Desfilis, Universitat de València 6. Inventio and Imitatio: the Appropriation of Valois Style by a Converso Contador Mayor Nicola Jennings, Colnaghi Foundation 7. New Functions, New Typologies: Inventio in Valladolid’s College of San Gregorio Diana Olivares Martínez, Universidad Complutense de Madrid 8. Imitating a Model, Establishing an Identity: Copying San Juan de los Reyes at San Andrés, Toledo Costanza Beltrami, Courtauld Institute of Art 9. Redesigning Miraflores: Simón de Colonia’s Architectural Perception Nicolas Menéndez González, Ministerium für Heimat, Kommunales, Bau und Gleichstellung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen 10. Hallenkirchen and Spanish Gothic Architecture: Historiographic Invention and Architectural Imitation Begoña Alonso Ruiz, Universidad de Cantabria 2.3 Claustro de San Fernando, c. 1275. LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Naumburg Cathedral, capitals of the western rood screen. From Hartmut Krohm and 2.13 Holger Kunde (eds.), Der Naumburger Abbey church of Santa María de Cañas, La Meister – Bildhauer und Architekt im Europa Rioja, presbytery vault (late 13th century). Cover image 1. 9 der Kathedralen, vol. 1 (Petersberg: Imhof, Aljafería, Zaragoza, Gothic portal, (c.1488- 2011), p. 267, fig. 1. 2.14 Simon de Colonia, church of Santa Maria de 1495). 2.4 Abbey church of Santa María de Cañas, La Miraflores, vault of the capilla mayor (1480s). Burgos Cathedral, cloister seen from north. Rioja, portal of the chapter house (northern 1.10 part), from the cloister. Maestro Mateo, Pórtico de la Gloria, Santiago 2.5 Chapter 1 de Compostela (c.1188-1211). Photo: Charles Burgos Cathedral, cloister, south wing from 2.15 Thurlston Thompson, 1866. east (1260s). Cuenca Cathedral, view from the southwest 1.1 (2007). Tomb of King Peter III of Aragon (1291 – 1.11 2.6 c.1302) from the northeast, with the double Real Colegiata de Santa María de Roncesvalles, Burgos Cathedral, cloister, north wing, statues 2.16 tomb of King James II of Aragon and his wife, Navarre (begun by 1214). of Fernando III of Castile and his wife Beatrice Cuenca Cathedral nave vault and triforia (c. Blanche of France, in the background. Abbey of Hohenstaufen, before restoration (1260s). 1250-1300). church of Santes Creus, Catalonia. 1.12 Toledo Cathedral, presbytery vaults and 2.7 2.17 1.2 triforium (c.1254-1274). Burgos Cathedral, cloister, west wing from Cuenca Cathedral, detail of the nave triforium Double tomb of King James II of Aragon and south east (1260s). and clearstory (c. 1250-1300). his wide, Blanche of France (begun 1310, with 1.13 minor alterations in the 16th century), located Vic Cathedral, cloister (1323-1400). 2.8 2.18 south of the crossing, detail of the east face. Burgos Cathedral, cloister, capital frieze in the Toledo Cathedral, presbytery, straight bay with Abbey church of Santes Creus, Catalonia. north wing. the tomb of Cardinal Mendoza. Lithograph 1.14 after a drawing of Genaro Pérez Villaamil (c. 1.3 Pamplona Cathedral, plan (begun 1394). 2.9 1835-40). From Genaro Pérez Villaamil and Church of San Esteban, Seville, portal (before Burgos Cathedral, cloister, capital frieze in the León Auguste Asselineau, España artística y 1420, with 17th-century modifications in the 1.15 south wing. monumental (Barcelona: José Ribet, 1865), pl. upper parts). Gerona Cathedral, east end (begun 1312), 29. nave (begun 1347?). Photo from G. E. Street, 2.10 1.4 Some Account of Gothic Architecture in Spain Saint-Germer-de-Fly, Chapel of the Virgin, 2.19 Church of San Juan Bautista (San Juan de la (London: John Murray, 1865). stained glass window showing the abbot, Toledo Cathedral, presbytery, straight bay, Palma), Seville, portal (after 1420). the architect, and the work of stonemasons. triforium and clearstory (1250s). From Dieter Kimpel and Robert Suckale, Die 1.5 Chapter 2 gotische Architektur in Frankreich 1130-1270 2.20 Las Atarazanas (shipyards), Seville (begun (Munich: Hirmer, 1985), fig. 445, after a Toledo Cathedral, Saint Peter chapel, west wall 1252). 2.1 drawing of Emile Bœswillwald. with the tomb of Fernán Gudiel (d. 1278). León Cathedral, nave elevation. From Georg 1.6 Dehio and Gustav von Bezold, Die kirchliche 2.11 2.20 Toledo Cathedral, west façade (largely 14th Baukunst des Abendlandes, atlas, vol. 5 Abbey church of Santa María la Real de Las Toledo Cathedral, plan. From Rodrigo century, with late 18th-century additions). (Stuttgart: Cotta 1901), pl. 523, 2. Huelgas, nave with nuns’ choir. Lithograph Amador de los Ríos, Monumentos after a drawing by Genaro Pérez Villaamil (c. arquitectónicos de España (Madrid: Ministerio 1.7 2.2 1842-50). From Genaro Pérez Villaamil and de Fomento, 1905). León Cathedral, presbytery and south transept Reims Cathedral, on the south side of the León Auguste Asselineau, España artística y (begun 1250s, complete by 1303 or earlier). nave. From Hartmut Krohm and Holger monumental (Barcelona: José Ribet, 1865), pl. 2.21 Kunde (eds.), Der Naumburger Meister 50. León Cathedral, stained glass window in the 1.8 – Bildhauer und Architekt im Europa der westernmost bay of the nave, image of Alfonso Guillem Sagrera, La Llotja, Palma de Mallorca Kathedralen, vol. 1 (Petersberg: Imhof, 2011), 2.12 X the Learned as Holy Roman Emperor. From (1426-1447). p. 295, fig. 2. Abbey church of Santa María la Real de Las Carlos Estepa Díez et al., La Catedral de León. Huelgas, Burgos, western portal from the Mil años de historia (León: Edilesa, 2002), p. 282. Photo: Imagen M.A.S. arcosolium in the Trinity Chapel (early 14th 3.19 4.8 century). Cathedral of Palma de Mallorca, Gothic Guillem Solivella (?), elevation of a pinnacle image-tabernacle of the Virgin Mary (14th (c.1400). Ink on paper. Arxiu Capitular de Chapter 3 3.10 century). Lleida (inv. P0148), Lérida. Cathedral of Palma de Mallorca, Guillem 3.1 Forteza’s hypothesis (black: first project built; 3.20 4.9 Cathedral of Palma de Mallorca, elevation. diagonal lines: first project not built; crossed Bellver Castle, Mallorca, upper gallery (begun Maestre Carlí (?), drawing for the main façade In Joan Domenge, L’obra de la seu. El procés lines: second project). In Guillem Forteza, before 1309). of Barcelona Cathedral, detail (c.1408). Ink on de construcción de la catedral de Mallorca ‘Estat de l’arquitectura catalana en temps parchment, 311 (6 Catalan spans) x 140 cm. en el tres-cents (Mallorca: Institut d’Estudis de Jaume I. Les determinants gòtiques de Arxiu Capitular de Barcelona, Barcelona. Baleàrics, 1997), fig. 22. la catedral de Mallorca’, in Miquel Seguí Chapter 4 Aznar (ed.), Guillem Forteza. Estudis sobre 3.2 arquitectura i urbanisme. Volum 2 (Barcelona: 4.1 Chapter 5 Bellver Castle, Mallorca, courtyard (begun Abadia de Montserrat, 1984). Pinnacle (c.1440). Polychrome wood, 150 cm before 1309). high. Museo de la Ciudad, Ayuntamiento de 5.1 3.11 Valencia.
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