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Emma Goldman a Documentary History of the American Years EMMA GOLDMAN A DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF THE AMERICAN YEARS Candace Falk, editor Barry Pateman, associate editor Jessica M. Moran, assistant editor Susan Wengraf, illustrations editor Robert Cohen, consulting editor 1. Made for America, 1890–1901 2. Making Speech Free, 1902–1909 A DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF THE AMERICAN YEARS VOLUME TWO Making Speech Free, 1902–1909 CandaCe Falk • Editor Barry Pateman • AssoCiate editor JessiCa m. moran • Assistant editor SUSAN WENGRAF • ILLUSTRATIONS EDITOR ROBERT COHEN • CONSULTING EDITOR UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS PRESS Urbana and Chicago frontispiece Emma Goldman, 1906 (Chicago Historical Society) First Illinois paperback, 2008 © 2016 by Candace Falk All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America P 5 4 3 2 1 ∞ This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Emma Goldman : a documentary history of the American years / edited by Candace Falk ; Barry Pateman, associate editor ; Jessica M. Moran, assistant editor. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. v. 2: Making Speech Free, 1902–1909 isbn 978-0-252-07543-8 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Goldman, Emma, 1869–1940. 2. Women anarchists—United States—Biography. 3. Anarchism—United States—History—Sources. 4. Freedom of speech—United States—History—Sources. I. Falk, Candace. II. Goldman, Emma, 1869–1940. III. Pateman, Barry IV. Moran, Jessica M. hx843.7.g65e427 2008 335'.83092—dc22 [b] 2007046970 We dedicate our work to all who champion liberty and strive for social and economic justice. and to the memory of Paul Avrich (1931–2006) dignified and generous scholar of the history of anarchism, gatherer of stories and of friendships that live on. SPONSORS The Emma Goldman Papers thanks all of our National Endowment for the Humanities supporters, including these sustaining sponsors (2002–2003) for the volumes, for helping to keep history alive Milken Family Foundation through their generous contributions. Furthermore: A Project of the J.M. Kaplan Fund National Historical Publications and Records Commission Carol Amyx University of California, Berkeley The late Art and Libera Bortolotti Leon F. Litwack, Alexander F. and May T. Mor- Ben and Ida Capes family: rison Professor of American History Susan Chasson, David and Judith Capes, Joseph Cerny, Vice Chancellor for Research Bonnie Capes Tabatznik, and Albert and and Graduate Dean (1994–2000) Marlene Chasson Linda Fabbri, Assistant Vice Chancellor for Mecca Reitman Carpenter Research The late Marcus and the late Harryette Cohn Susan Hirano, Budget Director Eric Alan Isaacson and Susan Kay Weaver Edwin M. Epstein, Chair of Peace and Conflict Carolyn Patty Blum Studies Yvette Chalom and Paul Fogel John Lie, Dean of International and Area Mariam Chamberlain Studies Patrick Coughlin Joan Kask, Associate Dean of International Barbara Dobkin, Ma’yan, The Jewish Women’s and Area Studies Project Charlene Nicholas, Mary Lewis, Susan Meyers, Martin Duberman Budget and Personnel Officers of Interna- tional and Area Studies E. L. and Helen Doctorow Lois Blum Feinblatt, Irving and Lois Blum Elaine Feingold and Randall M. Shaw Foundation Marilyn French Cora Weiss, Samuel Rubin Foundation Mark Friedman and Marjorie Solomon Judith Taylor, The Murray and Grace Nissman The Funding Exchange Foundation Christina and John Gillis Stephen M. Silberstein Peter Glassgold and Susan Thibodeau The late Alice Hamburg Agape Foundation Robert Segal and Nancy Bissel Segal Louis and Sadie Harlan Jean Stone Nancy Hewitt and Steven Lawson Michelle Shocked Ronald Hill Judith Smith and family Ronald Hogeland Shirley van Bourg Bill Jersey and Shirley Kessler, Catticus Cor- Katrina van den Heuvel poration Deborah Kaufman and Alan Snitow The list of donors to the Emma Goldman Papers Hannah Kranzberg Project as well as donations in remembrance of Maya Miller and in honor of others continues with Emma’s Joan K. Peters and Peter Passell List, beginning on p. 575. CONTENTS List of Documents xi List of Illustrations xvii Foreword xix Raising Her Voices: An Introduction 1 Editorial Practices 81 List of Abbreviations 87 DOCUMENts, 1902–1909 89 Chronology 469 Directories Individuals 507 Periodicals 549 Organizations 555 Selected Bibliography 567 Publications by Emma Goldman 572 Publications of the Mother Earth Publishing Association 573 Publications of the Free Speech League 573 Emma’s List 575 Acknowledgments 585 Index 603 THE DOCUMENTS 1902 July 5 To La Questione Sociale: “To the Strikers of Paterson” / 91 October 18 To Walter Channing / 95 November 30 To Lucifer, the Lightbearer: “Free Speech in Chicago” / 97 1903 February 19 To Horace Traubel / 100 June 1 To Cronaca Sovversiva (in Italian) / 101 June 1 To Cronaca Sovversiva / 103 July 20 From Alexander Berkman / 106 August 11 From Alexander Berkman / 108 October 19 To Max Metzkow / 110 October 22 To Robert Erskine Ely / 111 October 22 Essay in Lucifer, the Lightbearer: “A Glimpse of an Active Career” / 112 November 1 To Free Society: “The New Inquisition” / 115 November 20 From Joseph Barondess / 117 November 29 To Cronaca Sovversiva (in Italian) / 119 November 29 To Cronaca Sovversiva: “For Freedom” / 121 December 4 To Abe Isaak / 124 December 7 From Joseph Barondess / 126 December 16 From Peter Kropotkin / 127 1904 January 18 To Alexander Berkman / 129 January 28 From Alexander Berkman / 132 ca. February 21 To Alexander Berkman / 135 March 24 From E. B. Foote, Jr. / 139 July 2 To Lillian Wald / 141 ca. July 30 To Alexander Berkman / 142 November 12 To Lillian Wald / 143 December 8 Appeal in Lucifer, the Lightbearer: “Voltairine de Cleyre” / 144 xi December 12 To Catherine Breshkovskaya / 145 December 28 To Catherine Breshkovskaya / 147 1905 February 2 To Robert Erskine Ely / 148 February 21 To Catherine Breshkovskaya / 149 March 12 From Alexander Berkman / 150 ca. March 14 To Lillian Wald / 155 April 14 To Marie Goldsmith / 156 April 14 To Catherine Breshkovskaya / 158 April 15 From Alexander Berkman / 159 July 19 From Alexander Berkman / 161 Fall To Bolton Hall / 162 November 21 To unknown recipient / 164 November 23 To James Gibbons Huneker / 165 December 4 To Metropolitan Magazine / 167 1906 January 20 To Max Metzkow, with enclosure: “The Open Road” / 168 ca. February To Alice Stone Blackwell / 170 February 11 From Alexander Berkman / 171 March Editorial in Mother Earth: “Mother Earth” / 175 March Essay in Mother Earth: “The Tragedy of Woman’s Emancipation” / 178 April Essay in Mother Earth: “A Sentimental Journey—Police Protection” / 186 April 7 To Leon Malmed / 189 April 11 To Joseph A. Labadie / 190 April 14 To Nunia Seldes / 191 May 18 To Nunia Seldes / 193 May 21 Letter to Moses Harman in Lucifer, the Lightbearer / 194 September 28 Advertisement in the Woman’s Journal: “Emma G. Smith” / 195 November Notice in Mother Earth: “To the Readers of Mother Earth” / 196 November Essay in Mother Earth: “Police Brutality” / 197 November 3 To Jean E. Spielman et al. / 200 December Article in Mother Earth: “As to ‘Crammers of Furnaces’” / 202 December Editorial in Mother Earth: “To My Readers” / 207 1907 March 8 Interview in the Ohio State Journal: “High Priestess of Anarchy Here” / 209 March 16 Obituary in Cronaca Sovversiva (in Italian) / 213 March 16 Obituary in Cronaca Sovversiva: “Ernest Crosby” / 215 March 17 To Alexander Berkman / 218 March 19 To Alexander Berkman / 222 May 31 To Peter Kropotkin / 225 July 22 To Peter Kropotkin / 230 xii THE DOCUMENTS August 21 Telegram to Theodore Roosevelt in The Demonstrator / 231 October Article in Mother Earth: “The International Anarchist Congress” / 234 October 2 Appeal in The Demonstrator: “In Favor of an Anarchistic Weekly” / 246 October 11 Maurits Hymans to John E. Wilkie / 248 October 17 To Max Nettlau / 250 November Article in Freedom: “Emma Goldman’s Lecture” / 252 November 14 Federal warrant for the arrest of Emma Goldman / 254 November 17 Excerpt from Oscar S. Straus to Bureau of Immigration / 256 November 19 Louis J. Domas to George B. Billings / 258 November 25 To Max Nettlau / 262 December 2 To John B. Andrews / 263 December 12 Louis J. Domas to George B. Billings / 264 December 14 Louis J. Domas to George B. Billings / 269 December 24 F. W. C. Maasch to Robert Watchorn / 273 1908 February 28 James R. Dunn to F. P. Sargent / 278 March 2 Edwin W. Sims to Oscar S. Straus / 280 March 6 Appeal: “A Letter to The Public of Chicago” / 281 March 8 Interview in the Chicago Inter Ocean: “Emma Goldman Clashes with Police on Meeting” / 284 March 9 Oscar S. Straus to Edwin W. Sims / 288 March 17 Article in the Chicago Daily Journal: “Reds’ Leader Flays Police” / 290 March 24 To Ben Reitman / 295 March 29 Article in the Chicago Tribune: “Emma Goldman Blames Police” / 297 April To Mother Earth: “En Route” / 300 April 1 To Ben Reitman / 303 April 1 To unknown recipients / 304 April 6 Excerpts from examination of Emma Goldman before Board of Special Inquiry / 307 April 30 To Mother Earth: “En Route” / 314 May 16 Article in Common Sense: “Goldman-Bauer Debate” / 317 May 27 Article in the Portland Morning Oregonian: “Too Large an Army Now” / 321 May 31 Article in the Spokesman-Review: “Goldman Traces Anarchy to 1776” / 323 June 19 George B. Davis to William Howard Taft / 328 ca. June 26 To Charles Erskine Scott Wood / 332 June 29 To Ben Reitman / 334 June 30 Frederick Funston to Fred C. Ainsworth / 335 July 19 Essay in the New York World: “What I Believe” / 339 July 24 To Charles Erskine Scott Wood / 349 ca. August To Ben Reitman / 353 August 12 To Meyer Shapiro / 355 THE DOCUMENTS xiii August 19 To Meyer Shapiro / 357 August 27 To Victor Dave / 359 August 27 To Peter Kropotkin / 361 September Article in Mother Earth: “The Latest Police Outrage” / 363 September Address: “Labor Day” / 365 September 27 To Ben Reitman / 368 September 28 To Ben Reitman / 370 October Pamphlet: “Patriotism: A Menace to Liberty” / 372 November 1 Interview in the St.
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