Veterinary World, Vol.1(9): 280 CLINICAL Adenovirus Infection in Guinea Pig - A Case Study

Shankar B.P.

Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Science University Veterinary College, Hebbal, Bangalore-24.

Although pneumonia is a common cause of adenovirus infection. death in guinea pigs, the cause is usually bacterial. The diagnosis of adenovirus-infection was Common etiologic agents include Bordetella established by electron-miroscopic investigation. bronchiseptica, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Within the nuclei of hepatic endothelial cells, Streptococcus zooepidemicus , Klebsiella numerous round virus particles were identified. They pneumoniae, and Pasteurella multocida. Relatively measure approximately 90nm in diameter and some common causes of viral infections in guinea pigs have an electron-dense core while others have an include cytomegalovirus, lymphocytic chorio- electron-lucent core. The size and appearance of the meningitis virus and a few enteric viruses. Adenoviral viral particles are characteristic for adenovirus. The pneumonia was diagnosed and experimentally first reports on a spontaneous respiratory disease in reproduced in the early 1980’s but has been reported guinea pigs caused by adenovirus rarely. Adenoviruses cause natural respiratory (Namann,et.al.,1981;Brennecke,et.al., disease in cattle, sheep, horses, quail, nonhuman 1983) gave reason for an experimental proof of the primates, dogs, and man, and experimental disease infection (Kaup,et.al., 1984; Kunsty,et.al.,1984). in swine and mice. Note multiple electron dense viral particles and History: One-year-old, male guinea pig found other immature membrane bound particles which dead in an animal nursery. contain developing central nucleoids. On PM examination consolidation of all pulmonary lobes, marked splenic hyperplasia, On electron microscopic examination of lung moderate lipidosis of the liver, multiple hemorrhages diffuse interstitial, pneumonia with multifocal fibrin of the mucous membranes of stomach, colon and thrombi and intrahistiocytic and endothelial basophilic rectum were observed. and eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies were On histopathological examination lung showed noticed. diffuse severe interstitial pneumonia, with numerous Differential diagnosis considered for this case macrophages within the alveolar lumina and included cytomegalovirus and adenovirus. Both of basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies. Lung vessels these viruses produce a similar histologic showed severe perivascular edema, acute appearance, with large intranuclear inclusions. thrombosis of small vessels and basophilic Cytomegalovirus causes prominent cytomegaly and intranuclear inclusion bodies in endothelial cells. In by electron microscopy, there are 100-150 nm liver moderate lipidosis, basophilic intranuclear diameter, hexagonal viral nucleocapsids within nuclei inclusion bodies in hepatocytes and endothelial cells of infected cells. Electron microscopy of adenovirus and in spleen basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies infected cells demonstrates 70-90 nm virions that are were observed. Etiology: consistent with sometimes arranged in paracrystaline arrays.

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