ROYAL NAVAL in DEPTH and in BREADTH Vol. 13 No. 2
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An Evaluation of Oivi Ng and Submersible Systems I
I , \ I AN EVALUATION OF OIVI NG AND SUBMERSIBLE SYSTEMS I. BY ROGE R W. COOK AND JEFFREYR. PRENTICE PRESENTED TO: THE MON ITOR NATIONAL CON FE REt~CE RALEIGH) NORTH CAROLINA APRI L 2 - 4, 1978 I. HARBOR BRANCH FOUNDATION TECHNICAL REPORT No.21 , HISTORY ·One of the first written records of man's ability to work underwater is found in the writings of Herodotus in the 5th Century B.C. He tells of a diver named Scyllis who worked to recover sunken treasure for King Xerxes. There are many other accounts of divers working underwater by holding their breath for two to three minutes but it was not until 1500-1800 A.D. that any significant advancements were made which could be attributed to present day diving technology. During the period after 1500, a device called a diving bell came into the forefront as a practical tool to explore the underwater world. The device was called a bell because it resembled a typical church bell of the times. The first account of such equipment being used was in 1531. Bells did not advance much until the 1680's when an adventurer named William Phipps from Massachusetts supplied air toa bell by lowering inverted, weighted buckets of air to the divers. The famed astronomer, Edmund Halley, also developed a bell and demonstrated his system in 1690. Other inventions by various people were developed but were all like the first diving bells limited by the fact that air could not oe continuously supplied to the divers. It was not until the turn of the 19th Century that a hand oper ated air pump was developed which could deliver a continuous supply of air. -
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SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN FRONTIERS PROGRAM #1503 "Going Deep" AIRDATE: February 2, 2005 ALAN ALDA Hello and welcome to Scientific American Frontiers. I'm Alan Alda. It's said that the oceans, which cover more than two thirds of the earth's surface, are less familiar to us than the surface of the moon. If you consider the volume of the oceans, it's actually more than ninety percent of the habitable part of the earth that we don't know too much about. The main reason for our relative ignorance is simply that the deep ocean is an absolutely forbidding environment. It's pitch dark, extremely cold and with pressures that are like having a 3,000-foot column of lead pressing down on every square inch -- which does sound pretty uncomfortable. In this program we're going to see how people finally made it to the ocean floor, and we'll find out about the scientific revolutions they brought back with them. We're going to go diving in the Alvin, the little submarine that did so much of the work. And we're going to glimpse the future, as Alvin's successor takes shape in a small seaside town on Cape Cod. That's coming up in tonight's episode, Going Deep. INTO THE DEEP ALAN ALDA (NARRATION) Woods Hole, Massachusetts. It's one of the picturesque seaside towns that draw the tourists to Cape Cod each year. But few seaside towns have what Woods Hole has. For 70 years it's been home to the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution — an organization that does nothing but study the world's oceans. -
Scuba Diving History
Scuba diving history Scuba history from a diving bell developed by Guglielmo de Loreno in 1535 up to John Bennett’s dive in the Philippines to amazing 308 meter in 2001 and much more… Humans have been diving since man was required to collect food from the sea. The need for air and protection under water was obvious. Let us find out how mankind conquered the sea in the quest to discover the beauty of the under water world. 1535 – A diving bell was developed by Guglielmo de Loreno. 1650 – Guericke developed the first air pump. 1667 – Robert Boyle observes the decompression sickness or “the bends”. After decompression of a snake he noticed gas bubbles in the eyes of a snake. 1691 – Another diving bell a weighted barrels, connected with an air pipe to the surface, was patented by Edmund Halley. 1715 – John Lethbridge built an underwater cylinder that was supplied via an air pipe from the surface with compressed air. To prevent the water from entering the cylinder, greased leather connections were integrated at the cylinder for the operators arms. 1776 – The first submarine was used for a military attack. 1826 – Charles Anthony and John Deane patented a helmet for fire fighters. This helmet was used for diving too. This first version was not fitted to the diving suit. The helmet was attached to the body of the diver with straps and air was supplied from the surfa 1837 – Augustus Siebe sealed the diving helmet of the Deane brothers’ to a watertight diving suit and became the standard for many dive expeditions. -
Your New Life in Bali: How to Slash Your Cost-Of-Living and Live Well on “!E Island of !E Gods”
Your New Life In Bali: How to Slash Your Cost-of-Living And Live Well On “!e Island Of !e Gods” An International Living Australia Report www.ilaustralia.com International Living Australia 1 Your New Life in Bali: How to Slash Your Cost-Of-Living and Live Well On “The Island Of The Gods” An International Living Australia Report Authors: Kirsten and Mark Raccuia Editors: Laura Doyle and Barbara Ross Copyeditor: Katherine Beem Designer: Ian Fleming Cover Photo: ©iStockphoto.com/Cn0ra ©iStockphoto.com/nakonechnyy ©iStockphoto.com/kapulya ©flickr.com/Eoin Bassett ISBN: 978-1-911260-11-0 126STBALR ©Copyright 2017. International Living Australia Publishing Ltd., Woodlock House, Carrick Road, Portlaw, Co. Waterford, Ireland. All rights reserved. No part of this report may be reproduced by any means without the express written consent of the publisher. The information contained herein is obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but its accuracy cannot be guaranteed. Registered in Ireland No.285214 Table of Contents Intoduction ........................................................................................................ 1 Chapter One ....................................................................................................... 5 Bali: An Overview ......................................................................................5 Hinduism Shapes the Island .......................................................................5 European In!uence .....................................................................................6 -
Shark Mitigation and Deterrent Measures Submission 64
The Efficacy and Regulation of Shark Mitigation and Deterrent Measures Submission to: Senate Environment and Communications References Committee by Peter Stephenson BSc., ADAS 2815.3, Master Class V February 2017 As a commercial diver and fisherman with over 35 years of diverse experience I write this submission due to my ever-increasing concerns about policies governing management of and research into shark populations. I began snorkelling at the age of 7 and was a keen spear fisherman and surfer for decades although I am currently no longer active in these sports. (partly due to increasing negative shark incidents) I have a BSc. In marine science from Flinders University and have completed a number of years of marine research. Over more than four decades I have spent tens of thousands of hours observing and studying the marine environment. In recent years, particularly after my friends Peter Clarkson and Greg Pickering were attacked by white sharks, I have been researching shark attacks, shark behaviour and the possible factors influencing negative shark/ human interactions. I have also witnessed aggressive shark behaviour first hand but have luckily escaped serious injury…. so far. I currently work as an abalone diver in the South Australian Central Zone Abalone Fishery. THIS IS A MAJOR WORKPLACE SAFETY ISSUE FOR ME! THE BAITING AND HARASSMENT OF SHARKS FOR TOURISM AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH Despite legislation deeming the berleying, baiting, approach and harassment of white sharks illegal, governments grant exemptions and licences to tourism operators and scientists to conduct these activities. Despite years of research and observation, the level of conditioning of sharks by repeated berleying and baiting is still poorly understood and documented. -
“Empress” Captain's Log *3–7 August 2016
“Empress” Captain’s log *3–7 August 2016 *Air Temp. 28 C *Water Temp. 26 C - 28 C CREW: Captain: Mappeare Cruise Director: Michal Chief Officer: Saepudin Chief Engineer: Ruslan 2nd Engineer: Basri Chef: Jus Divemaster: Pii DIVE SITES: Th: Sea Fan Coral Garden, Trawangan Slope – Gili Trawangan Fr: Usat Liberty, Jemeluk Wall & Bay, Gili Tepekong, Blue Lagoon - Bali Sa: Crystal Bay, Manta Point, Lembongan drift, Barbecue on the beach Su: Ped, Secret Garden, The Sand, The Sand night dive GUESTS: Peter, Bianca, Kristina, Felix, Rune and Ellen. Wednesday August 3rd We picked up our guest from Senggigi and brought them to the boat in the late morning. We accommodated the guests in their cabins, set all the gear and made our way to Gili Islands. We picked up 2 of our guests in Gili Trawangan and after diving briefing we started our first dive. We started our first dive of our trip at Sea Fan Coral Garden. During this dive we found 2 cuttle fish, commensal shrimp, tiny crinoid crab and schooling of neon fusiliers. From place to place we saw nice big gorgonian sea fans. During the second part of the dive we stayed at shallow reef and spotted swimming moray eel. Visibility was reaching 15 m. and there was a mild current. Our chef prepared lunch lunch and moved to south of Gili Trawangan where we dove at Trawangan Slope. This time swell raised and we jumped away on 15 m. depth. At the very beginning we spotted a turtle and red mantis shrimp. At the second part of the dive we saw puffer fish, sweet lips fish and many bat fish. -
Page 01 Oct 26.Indd
ISO 9001:2008 CERTIFIED NEWSPAPER Gulf states risk deficit as oil price falls, says IMF Business | 17 Sunday 26 October 2014 • 2 Muharram 1436 • Volume 19 Number 6230 www.thepeninsulaqatar.com [email protected] | [email protected] Editorial: 4455 7741 | Advertising: 4455 7837 / 4455 7780 AFC champions Aljazeera Forum Ecuador offers for Film Festivals launched DOHA: The Aljazeera Documentary Festival being Qatar help in held at Ritz-Carlton hotel saw the launch of Aljazeera Forum for Film Festivals, a first of its kind initiative globally. The Aljazeera Festival Director, food security Abbas Arnaout said this initia- tive represented a big step into the world of documentary films. Ties to be bolstered in various areas This new body will enhance the exchange of expertise, foster the BY JABER AL HARAMI Middle East. We didn’t have an documentary film culture, and embassy in the Middle East. Now encourage innovative people and DOHA: Qatar and Ecuador are we have an embassy in Qatar and producers. Arnaout was elected passing through the best phase Qatar has an embassy in Quito.” an executive director to the forum of their relationship, which goes He said the relations between the first meeting of which will be beyond mutual interests and Qatar and Ecuador surpassed held in Doha. An internal charter is based on shared values and economic interests. will be created defining the duties principles like supporting the “Our relations are not focus- and the conditions of joining and Palestinian cause, president of ing only on the economic aspect membership. Membership shall Ecuador Rafael Correa Delgado but extend to culture, science be open to all types of film fes- has said. -
Renewables in Cities 2021 Global Status Report Case Studies Renewables in Cities 2021 Global Status Report Case Studies Table of Contents
RENEWABLES IN CITIES 2021 GLOBAL STATUS REPORT CASE STUDIES RENEWABLES IN CITIES 2021 GLOBAL STATUS REPORT CASE STUDIES TABLE OF CONTENTS Adelaide, Australia . 1 Cape Town, South Africa. 2 Cocody, Côte d’Ivoire . 3 8 Dakar, Senegal . 4 17 11 5 Heidelberg, Germany . 5 15 Jakarta, Indonesia . 6 Kampala, Uganda . 7 10 13 Malmö, Sweden . 8 4 North Lombok Regency, Indonesia . 9 16 Orlando, United States . 10 3 18 7 Oxford, United Kingdom . 11 6 14 9 Palmas, Brazil . 12 Rajkot, India . 13 12 Recife, Brazil . 14 2 1 Seoul, Republic of Korea. 15 Tsévié, Togo . 16 Vancouver, Canada . 17 Yaoundé IV, Cameroon . 18 For further details and access to the full report and references, visit www .ren21 .net/cities See Endnotes and Methodological Notes in the full REC for further details on the information presented in this document . REPORT CITATION | REN21 (2021), Renewables in Cities 2021 Global Status Report (Paris: REN21 Secretariat) . Dies ist ein Muster Text-Beispiel 50,000 CITY SNAPSHOTS ADELAIDE AUSTRALIA Land area Population size Greenhouse gas emissions 2 (km ) (2019) (CO2 equivalent) GHG 1 15.6 1.3 million 360,759 tonnes As part of a power purchase agreement, the City of Adelaide’s In addition, the Carbon Neutral Adelaide Action Plan provides municipal operations have been powered by 100% renewables incentives to create new economic opportunities and to support since July 2020, using electricity generated from wind farms the business sector. Building upgrade finance provided by private in mid-north South Australia and new solar PV farms on Eyre financiers in partnership with the local council helps to improve Peninsula and in the South East. -
Chapter 23 ENVIRONMENTAL EXTREMES: ALTERNOBARIC
Environmental Extremes: Alternobaric Chapter 23 ENVIRONMENTAL EXTREMES: ALTERNOBARIC RICHARD A. SCHEURING, DO, MS*; WILLIAM RAINEY JOHNSON, MD†; GEOFFREY E. CIARLONE, PhD‡; DAVID KEYSER, PhD§; NAILI CHEN, DO, MPH, MASc¥; and FRANCIS G. O’CONNOR, MD, MPH¶ INTRODUCTION DEFINITIONS MILITARY HISTORY AND EPIDEMIOLOGY Altitude Aviation Undersea Operations MILITARY APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY Altitude Aviation Undersea Operations HUMAN PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZATION STRATEGIES FOR EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS Altitude Aviation Undersea Operations ONLINE RESOURCES FOR ALTERNOBARIC ENVIRONMENTS SUMMARY *Colonel, Medical Corps, US Army Reserve; Associate Professor, Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sci- ences, Bethesda, Maryland †Lieutenant, Medical Corps, US Navy; Undersea Medical Officer, Undersea Medicine Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland ‡Lieutenant, Medical Service Corps, US Navy; Research Physiologist, Undersea Medicine Department, Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland §Program Director, Traumatic Injury Research Program; Assistant Professor, Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland ¥Colonel, Medical Corps, US Air Force; Assistant Professor, Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland ¶Colonel (Retired), Medical Corps, US Army; Professor and former Department Chair, Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, -
The Panama Canal Review Is Published Twice a Year
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA LIBRARIES m.• #.«, I i PANAMA w^ p IE I -.a. '. ±*L. (Qfx m Uu *£*£ - Willie K Friar David S. Parker Editor, English Edition Governor-President Jose T. Tunon Charles I. McGinnis Editor, Spanish Edition Lieutenant Governor Writers Eunice Richard, Frank A. Baldwin Fannie P. Hernandez, Publication Franklin Castrellon and Dolores E. Suisman Panama Canal Information Officer Official Panama Canal the Review will be appreciated. Review articles may be reprinted without further clearance. Credit tu regular mail airmail $2, single copies 50 cents. The Panama Canal Review is published twice a year. Yearly subscription: $1, Canal Company, to Panama Canal Review, Box M, Balboa Heights, C.Z. For subscription, send check or money order, made payable to the Panama Editorial Office is located in Room 100, Administration Building, Balboa Heights, C.Z. Printed at the Panama Canal Printing Plant, La Boca, C.Z. Contents Our Cover The Golden Huacas of Panama 3 Huaca fanciers will find their favor- the symbolic characters of Treasures of a forgotten ites among the warrior, rainbow, condor god, eagle people arouse the curiosity and alligator in this display of Pan- archeologists around the of ama's famous golden artifacts. world. The huacas, copied from those recov- Snoopy Speaks Spanish 8 ered from the graves of pre-Columbian loaned to The In the phonetics of the fun- Carib Indians, were Review by Neville Harte. The well nies, a Spanish-speaking dog known local archeologist also provided doesn't say "bow wow." much of the information for the article Balseria 11 from his unrivaled knowledge of the Broken legs are the name of subject—the fruit of a 26-year-long love affair with the huaca, and the country the game when the Guaymis and people of Panama, past and present. -
Three from One = 4000 Magazi
www.mcdoa.org.uk N A V AS MAGAzi totzsin Three from One = 4000 iiiiiiimmommhill111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111101111111111111111111miniiiimnum 11 •_„,,• Siebe Gorman present a now air compressor and cylinder charging decanting set, with an integrated control panel, which can be used for three distinct operations:— To charge large high pressure air storage cylinders to 40001b./sq.in. To decant air from storage cylinders into breathing apparatus or aqualung cylinders. To charge breathing apparatus cylin- ders direct from the compressor. filter and,control panel is mounted In a tubujik.Steel carrying frame and Neptune 4000 weighs-aiiiiroximately 400 lb. It can be Siebe Gorman's new high pressure used independently or incorporated compressor set is designed to provide in a static installation. a versatile unit for charging breathing apparatus or aqualung cylinders with clean, dry air to pressures between ;14,44, 1800 and 4000 p.s.i. Driven by either a `1AN Marineland—see page 9 Ut`, 4 stroke petrol engine or electric 01 ENGLAND -t motor, the air-cooled compressor has For further information, nii, write to 111111111111111141111 1111„i an output of 4.5 cu. ft. of nominal free Siebe Gorman & Co. Ltd., """"""1111111111IM11111111111111111111111 iiiiiiiiiimilimill111191111111111111111111111111111111111111111411 „1040 Neptune Works, Davis Road, F 0,40 air per minute. The complete appara- Chessington, Surrey. -.0.4640 tus, consisting of motor, compressor, Telephone: Lower Hook 8171/8 Printed by Coasby & Co. Ltd., St. James's Road, Southsea, Hai is www.mcdoa.org.uk Vol. 11 No. 1 2/- www.mcdoa.org.uk We specialise in EVERYTHING FOR THE UNDERWATER SPORTSMAN including the latest designs and all the better makes of LUNGS DIVING SUITS SWIMMING GEAR & EQUIPMENT Stainless steel Roles- Oyster, f37. -
Tiger Sharks
A taste of SOUTH AFRICA Edited by Edwin Marcow Dive photos by Andrew Texts by Edwin Marcow, Woodburn, Edwin Marcow, Andrew Woodburn and Dan Thomas Peschack. Beecham. Additional Wildllife photography reporting by Peter Symes by Edwin Marcow Covering an area of be seen to be believed. over 1,200,000 sq km, Since the end of apart- with nearly 3000km of heid eleven years ago rugged coastline, South more and more people Africa boasts some of have started travelling to the worlds most awe South Africa, not only to inspiring diving. experience the breath From the Great whites taking diving but also of the Western Cape, the spectacular scenery, to the epic Sardine vineyards, safaris, archi- Run, the pristine coral tecture, and local people reefs of Sodwana Bay that together make this and the Ragged Tooth destination a must for any Republic of South Africa Sharks of Aliwol Shoal, seasoned traveller. many of the sights and experiences must Over the following pages we’ll take you through some of the best dives sites, as well as look- ing in more detail at some experiences you can enjoy there. Join us now, as we discover EDWIN MARCOW South Africa 24 X-RAY MAG : 8 : 2005 EDITORIAL FEATURES TRAVEL NEWS EQUIPMENT BOOKS SCIENCE & ECOLOGY EDUCATION PROFILES PORTFOLIO CLASSIFIED travel The Best Dive Sights in South Africa SOUTH AFRICA WRECKS DOLPHINS MOZAMBIQUE AFRICA NORTHERN WHALES CORAL REEF PROVINCE KRUGER NATIONAL SHARKS PARK GAUTENG MAPUTO JOHANNESBURG SOUTH NORTH WEST SWAZILAND AFRICA THOMAS P. PESCHAK SODWANA BAY SA HLULUWE GAME FREE STATE RESERVE The primary three dive locations are Gansbaai, The KWAZULU NATAL Sardine Run, and Sodwana Bay - though there are also many interesting and varied shipwrecks dotting NORTHERN CAPE LESOTHO this rugged and extensive coastline.