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The Dingjiazhai Formation of the Baoshan Block, \Testern Yunnan, China

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The Dingjiazhai Formation of the Baoshan Block, \Testern Yunnan, China Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e EARLY PERMIAN BRACHIOPODS OF GOND\TANA AFFINITY FROM THE DINGJIAZHAI FORMATION OF THE BAOSHAN BLOCK, \TESTERN YUNNAN, CHINA SHUZHONG SHEN1,2, G.R.SHI2 & KUIYU ZHIJ3 Received C)ctober 25, 1999; accepted October 10,2000 Key'oords : Brachiopods, Dìtgjrazhai Formation, western Yun- lntroduction. nan, Early Permian. The western Yunnan region comprises a number Riassunto. In questo artìcolo vengono considerate e figurate 28 of allochthonous continental blocks that are bounded by specie appartenenti a 26 generì diversi provenjenti da 12 località isolate fault and suture zones. At least both the Baoshan and della Formazione Dingjiazhai nel Blocco Baoshan, affiorante nello Tengchong Blocks have been interpreted to have formed Yunnan occidentale, Cina. Sono descritte 4 nuove specte Bandopro dwctus qingshuígouensis n. sp., Callytharrella dongshanpoensis n. sp., parts of the greater Gondwana, being displaced to their Trigoneireta semicircularis n. sp. e PunctocyrteLla? yunnanensis n. sp. present positions since Permian (Jin X., 1994; \X/opfner, Sulla base della distribuzione stratigrafica delle specie di brachiopodi 1996; Shi & Archbold, L995; Metcalfe, 1997). Biostrati- nell'ambìto della Formazione Dingjiazhai, sono riconoscibili tre asso- graphicai studies of various faunas and their palaeobio- ciazioni di fossili. In ordine ascendente esse sono: Associazione a Ban- the d.oproductus qìngshuigouensis-Marginifera semigratiosa di etàL Asseliana, geographical affinities in these blocks are critical to Associazione a Puncto cyrtella dustfttlis - PLtnctosp irifer afghanus, la cui understanding of their dispersion history. The bra- età più probabile si estende dal più tardo Asseliano al Sakmariano infe- chiopods described in this paper were collected by one I'Associazrone a Callytbanella dongsbanpoensis, di età riore, ed infine of us (ZKY) from three informal members (Members A- Sakmarìano superiore -Artinskiano. La fauna a brachiopodi del Permi- the Drngjiazhai Formation of the Baoshan Block ano inferiore contenuta nella Fm. Dingiiazhai nel suo insieme dimostra C) of che esistono forti legami a livello specifico e generico con quelle del between the Nujiang and Kejie Fauit Zones (Fig. 1). Gondwana e del Perigondwana, ma anche indica che si ebbero limitati The Dingjiazhai Formation was formerly assigned ma significativi Jegami con quelle della Paleo-Tetide orientale. to the Late Carboniferous (Bashkirian-Gzhelian) based on the presence of fusulinid Triticites species in the Abstract. Twenty-eight species belonging to twenty-six genera upper parr of this formation (e.g., Yang 2., 1983: Fang and two unidentifiable genera are reported and figured from twelve R. & Fan, 1993;Fang R., 1994). On the other hand, Nie isolated localities of the Dingjiazhaì Formation in the Baoshan Block, er a"l. (1993) argued that some of the fossil remains in the westcrn Yunnan, China. Four ne*' species, Bdndoproductus qing- brachiopod sbuigo4ensh n. sp., CaLlytbarrelk dongsbanpoensis n. sp., Trigonotrettt Drngjrazhar Formation, such as the semicircularis n. sp. and Punctocyrtella? yunnanensis n. sp., are " Sy ringotlry rls ", the "C arbonif erou s " fusulin id Triti cite s described. Based on the stratigraphic distributìon of the brachiopod species and some corals, were reworked from the under- species throughout the Dingjiazhai Formation, three assemblages are lying Lower Carboniferous Yunruijie Formation or recognisable, which in ascending order are: Bandoproductus qing- eroded Upper Carboniferous strata, and that the Dingji- shwigouensis-Margini.fera semigrariosa Assemblage (Asselian age), age. Shi et Punctocyrtella australis - Pun ctosp írifer afghanus Assemblage (most 1ìke- azhai Formation is of Sakmarian to Artinskian ly latest Asselian-Early Sakmarian) and Callytbarrella dongsbanpoensk aL (1996) described eleven brachiopod species from the Assemblage (Late Sakmarian-Artìnskìan). The Early Permian Dingji- upper member of the Dingjiazhai Formation at two azhai brachiopod fauna as a s-hole demonstrates strong generic and localities near Youwang in the Shidian area of the specific links n'ith those of Gondwanan and Perigondwanan faunas, but also demonstrates limited but significant links with those o{ the Baoshan Block, and considered that the brachiopod eastern Palaeotethyan faunas. assemblage is of late Sakmarian age. They also ques- 1) Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 39 Eastern Beijing Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P R China 2) School of Ecology and Environment, Deakin University, Rusden Campus, 662 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia [email protected], [email protected] 3) D.pr.t-"rt of Geology, Chengdu University of Technology, 1 Erxianqiao Dongsanlu, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059 P R. China. 264 S. Z. Shen, G.R. Shi & K. Y. Zhu Fig. 1 - Map showing localities of fossil materials investigated from the Baoshan Block. GPX-Guanpoxiang, QSG- Qingshuigou, \WNS-Woniu- si, JJS-Jinjisi, YNQ-Yang- naiqiao, SBZ-Sanbazi, XJ- /"" ! Xinjie, BMJ-Bingmajie, DSP- rndex map €]-ù _/0 ,T Dongshanpo, DJZ-Dingji- azhai. DZM-Dazhai meng. F\WB-Fengweiba. ì.Jtl,lt-?t ! BMI I \I. Tengchong Block .8,È-,-l ;\/ ( \ t! \-- Baoshan Block I i Uiii*r' ctrangning- \--- / Menglian \/ I Berr BURMA ì 0 40km tioned the possibility that the Dingjiazhai brachiopods western Yunnan. It varies from 100 to 340 m in thick- and fusulinids were reworked from the underlying for- ness. representing a transgressive sequence consisting mations. In a further detailed study based on both sedi- of diamictite, pebbly mudstone, quartzose sandsrone, mentoiogical and palaeontological features, FangZ. et a|. siltstone, shale and limestone. It is overlain by basalt (2000) have also concluded that the Dingjiazhai Forma- and some pyroclastic rocks of the Woniusi Formation tion contains no evidence to support the 'reworking' and unconformably underlain by the Msean Yunruijie hypothesis. Formation (Fig. 2). The type locality is sìtuated at The figured material in this paper is registered by Dingjiazhai (DJZ) village about 2.5 km northeasr of the prefix NIGP and housed in the Nanjing Institute of Youwang in the Baoshan Block (Fig. t). According to Geology and Palaeontology of Chinese Academy of Sci- GSY (1980), three members yet to be informally ences. In total, 134 specimens (NIGP130854-8a987) are named, are readily distinguishable at the type locality of registered. These specimens were collected from twelve the formation based on lithology (Fig. Z). The lower isolated but closely spaced (except for locality FB\( see member (Member A) is about 35-50 m thick at the type Fig. 1) localities representing the three lithostratigraphic locality area and consists mainly of dark-grey and non- members of the DingjiazhaiFormation (Fig. 2,Tab\e 1). stratified glacial-marine diamictites. The clasts occupy about 30-50"k of rhe diamictites and are mostly lime- stone fragments and cherts, angular to subangular, Stratigraphy. ranging in size from 1 to 15 cm in diameter (Fang R. & Fan, 1994). The Dingjiazhai Formation (Geological Survey of The middle member lMember B.) is about 80 m Yunnan or GSY hereafter, 1980) is widely distributed in thick and commences with purple pebbly mudsrones Early Permian Bracbiopods from Yunnan 265 and siltstones about 6.3 m thick. Upwards this member Dingiiazhai section grades pale mudstones and siltstones into grey with Woniusi LEGENI) scarce, non-sorted pebbles. In the upper part of the Formation member there are some limestone lenses intercalated L) with black shales. As a whoie, the proportion of clasts in ffi this member has reduced to 3-5"/" X., 1994).Yery flin o few brachiopods (Fang R. & Fan, 1,994) have been doc- F=:= umented from this member prior to the present study. The upper member (Member C) is only about 3 m limestone thick and is composed of bioclastic limestones with ffi abundant brachiopods, and some corals, fusulinids and limestone with limited conodonts (see below) . ffi chert nodules l'ljji-'-l mudstone Brachiopod assemblages and their ages. Ló TX siltstone and .-tr fine sandstone Until now biostratigraphic zonation of the d:l megafaunas of the Dingjiazhai Formation has not been N attempted due to lack of fossil data from the lower and 6l ffi sandstone middle members of the formation. In this paper we have bó now obtained brachiopod species throughout the entire pebbly siltstone and mudstone formation, which, in conjunction with the study of Shi et -{ ffi al. (1996) on the brachiopods from the uppermost parr dropstone of the formation, enables us to divide the brachiopod E succession of the. Dingjiazhai Formation into three lens of assemblages, which corresponds well with the three E limestooe lìthostratigraphic members outlined above. t) 20m Bandoproductus qÌngshuigouensis-Marginifera semigra- o fiosa Assemblage. This assemblage is represented by brachiopods from the lower member (Member A) of the Dingjiazhai Formation and is characterised by abundant occurrences of Bandoprodwctus qingsbuigouensis, Marginifera semi- gratiosa and Orthoticbia magnifica. In total, fourteen species and an unidentifiable genus have been found, ten Fig. 2 - The type section at Dingjiazhai near Youwang, showing the major lithologies of the Dingjiazhai Formation after of rvhich are restricted to this assemblage. Among the (data Fang R. & Fan, 1994). species restricted to the assemblage, Marginifera semi- gratiosa and Bracbythyrina peregrina were first reported by Reed (1927) from unspecified Lower Permian srrara
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