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2018. Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey 2016-17. Kabul, Afghanistan

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2018. Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey 2016-17. Kabul, Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Central Statistics Organization AFGHANISTAN LIVING CONDITIONS SURVEY 2016 - 17 Analysis report This project is funded by the European Union The Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey 2016-2017 was implemented by the Central Statistics Organization (CSO) of the Government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan with technical assistance from ICON-Institute Public Sector Gmbh. This publication was produced with the financial support of the European Union. Its contents are the sole responsibility of CSO and ICON-INSTITUTE and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Union. For further information, please contact: CSO www.cso.gov.af E-mail: [email protected] ICON-Institute www.icon-institute.de E-mail: [email protected] (Project Manager) or [email protected] (Chief Analyst/Editor) Delegation of the European Union to Afghanistan http://eeas.europa.eu/delegations/afghanistan/index_en.htm E-mail: [email protected] Recommended citation: Central Statistics Organization (2018), Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey 2016-17. Kabul, CSO. ISBN: 978-9936-8050-7-1 Cover page photos are used by courtesy of Mr Khalid Amarkhel and Pixalia ii FOREWORD The present Afghanistan Living Conditions Survey (ALCS), conducted by the Central Statistics Organization (CSO) and financially supported by the European Commission, is the sixth round of data collection since the start of the survey in 2003. The history of the ALCS has seen an enlargement of coverage of development themes that are crucial for the development planning of Afghanistan, while maintaining a balance in the details and periodicity of reporting that are relevant for the large number of stakeholders involved in and benefiting from the survey. At the same time, the ALCS has been able to accommodate international standards and methodologies to produce internationally comparable indicators and to improve the quality and speed of reporting. The release of the ALCS 2016-17 report almost exactly one year after the completion of the data collection is an achievement that is hardly ever met by surveys of similar coverage and complexity. In addition, the history of the ALCS is also the account of building CSO’s capacity in data collection, survey management, data processing and analysis, and I am proud of the efforts and skills demonstrated by the staff of CSO involved in the present survey. The ALCS is the flagship of the Central Statistics Organization. Several features make the ALCS a unique instrument for policy makers and all the national and international organisations investing in the future of the country. These features include the coverage of the nomadic Kuchi population, the ability to capture seasonal variation in relevant development indicators, the ability to produce statistics at provincial level, the continuity of the survey that allows making trend analyses of key development indicators, the large number of stakeholders benefitting from the survey results and the survey’s flexibility to adapt to Afghanistan’s needs. The present report is the most comprehensive in the history of the survey, covering detailed analyses on population and households, labour market, agriculture, health, education, housing, gender and the challenges faced by Afghanistan’s households, their coping strategies and people’s priorities for development. Next to the standard set of indicators produced in each survey round, the present ALCS report moreover focuses again on poverty and food-security analysis, and in addition provides detailed information about disability in the population. As Director General of the Central Statistics Organization, I am also very pleased that with this report, Afghanistan is one of the first countries in the world to produce official Sustainable Development Goals indicators. The present round of the ALCS produced no less than 20 indicators for 12 of the 17 SDGs. In this respect, the ALCS also provided the platform to implement the new drinking water quality test on the basis of which Afghanistan is one of the first countries in the world to produce the SDG indicator on safely managed drinking water services. Furthermore, I am appreciative that the present ALCS was partially conducted with mobile data entry in the field, thereby further expanding CSO’s proficiency in applying new technologies for statistical data collection. iii I am convinced that the results of the ALCS 2016-17 presented here, as well as the micro data that are available for further analysis, will be instrumental for development planning and programming for a wide range of data users. I sincerely hope that this report will be an interesting source of information and knowledge for the readers. Ahmad Jawed Rasuli Director General of the Central statistics Organization iv KEY INDICATORS SDG /MDG Indicator Sub-groupsa National indicator Population and households Percentage of population under age 15 U 42.9; R 49.0; K 52.2 47.7 Percentage of population aged 65 and over U 3.0; R 2.6; K 1.6 2.7 Sex ratio U 102; R 104; K 108 104 Dependency ratio U 85; R 107; K 117 101 Child dependency ratio U 79; R 101; K 113 96 Old-age dependency ratio U 6; R 5; K 4 5 Average household size U 7.3; R 7.8; K 7.6 7.7 Mean age at first marriage, women aged 20-24 U 18.0; R 17.5; K 17.4 17.6 Median age at first marriage, women aged 20-24 U 18; R 18; K 18 18 Percentage of women aged 20-24 married at age 16 SDG 5.3.1 U 2.1; R 5.0; K 4.8 4.2 Percentage of women aged 20-24 married at age 18 SDG 5.3.1 U 18.4; R 31.9; K 36.3 28.3 Percentage of married women living in a polygamous 8.2 marriage Labour force (national definition) M 80.6; F 26.8 Labour force participation rate 53.9 U 48.0; R 54.9; K 72.4 M 65.8; F 15.8 Employment-to-population ratio MDG 1.5 41.0 U 35.3; R 41.7; K 63.5 M 34.4; F 55.1 Percentage not-gainfully employed population 39.5 U 35.3; R 41.2; K 35.3 M 19.7; F 23.9 Underemployment rate, as percentage of the employed 20.5 U 11.9; R 22.6; K 26.3 M 16.1; F 14.1 Underemployment rate, as percentage of the labour force 15.6 U 8.7; R 17.2; K 23.0 M 18.3; F 41.0 Unemployment rate SDG 8.5.2 U 26.5; R 24.0; K 12.3 23.9 D 37.7; ND 23.3 M 24.3; F 47.4 Youth unemployment rate 30.7 U 39.1; R 29.6; K 13.3 v SDG /MDG Indicator Sub-groupsa National indicator Youth unemployment as percentage of total M 44.8; F 46.4 45.5 unemployment U 48.4; R 44.5; K 44.0 M 16.6; F 67.9 Share of youth (aged 15-24 years) not in education, SDG 8.6.1 U 37.9; 44.1; 33.6 42.0 employment or training (NEET) D 56.6; 41.7 Proportion of informal employment in non-agriculture SDG 8.5.3 M: 66.7; F: 71.3 66.7 employment (in percentages) (proxy) Proportion of jobs in sustainable tourism industries out SDG 8.9.2 M 8.5; F 0.3 6.7 of total tourism jobs (in percentages) (proxy) Proportion of own-account and contributing family M 77.5; F 89.9 MDG 1.7 80.2 workers in total employment (in percentages) U 60.9; R 85.8; K 90.0 Manufacturing employment as a proportion of total SDG 9.2.2 M 16.4; F 24.0 18.1 employment (in percentages) Proportion of adults (15 years and older) with an account M 9.5; F 1.1 at a bank or other financial institution or with a mobile- SDG 8.10.2 U 9.9; R 4.0; K 0.1 5.4 money-service provider D 4.7; ND 5.4 Proportion of employed persons living in a household M: 51.2; F 50.0 whose members are estimated to be below the poverty U 38.0; R 54.2; 59.3 50.9 line D 50.4; ND 51.0 Agriculture and livestock Percentage of households owning irrigated land 37.9 Percentage of households owning rain-fed land 19.4 Percentage of households owning or having access to a 13.1 garden plot Percentage of households having access to irrigated land 41.4 Percentage of households having access to rain-fed land 20.5 Mean size of owned irrigated land (in jeribsb) 4.9 Mean size of owned rain-fed land (in jeribsb) 12.1 Mean size of owned or accessed garden plot (in jeribsb) 1.9 Mean size of accessed irrigated land (in jeribsb) 5.1 Mean size of accessed rain-fed land (in jeribsb) 12.4 Number of cattle (in thousands) 3,371 Number of goats (in thousands) 9,754 Number of sheep (in thousands) 21,813 vi SDG /MDG Indicator Sub-groupsa National indicator Number of chickens (in thousands) 10,341 Poverty Proportion of population living below the national SDG 1.2.1 U 41.6; RK 58.5 54.5 poverty line (in percentages) Poverty gap MDG 1.2 U 10.3; RK 16.4 15.0 Squared poverty gap U 3.6; RK 6.2 5.6 Gini Index U 0.29; RK 0.25 0.31 Food security Percentage of food-insecure population MDG 1.9 U 42.1; R 46.2; K 32.3 44.6 Percentage of severely or very severely food insecure U 25.0; R 28.9; K 18.3 27.5 population Percentage of population with protein deficiency U 27.1; R; 31.7; K 22.7 30.1 Diet Diversity Score (mean) U: 5.8; R: 4.9; K: 5.0 5.1 Education M 49.4; F 19.9 Adult literacy rate (15 years of age and over) 34.8 U 53.7; R 29.6; K 5.8 M 68.2; F 38.7 Youth literacy rate (15-24 years of age) MDG 2.3 53.6 U 75.1; R 47.9; K 7.0 M 53.6; F 42.9 Gross intake ratio in primary education 48.5 U 77.4; RK 41.1 M 65.5; F 45.5 Net attendance rate in primary education MDG 2.1 56.1 U 74.3; R 54.0; K 6.6 M 46.8; F 24.1 Net attendance rate in secondary education 35.7 U 51.6; R 31.7; K: 1.8 M 14.9; F 4.8 Net attendance rate in tertiary education 9.7 U 18.1; R 6.9; K 0.2 Adjusted net attendance rate in primary education M 73.2; F 50.1 62.4 Adjusted net attendance rate in secondary education M 47.3; F 25.7 36.9 M 84.4; F 58.9 Gross attendance ratio in primary education 72.5 U 95.5 R 69.9; K 8.9 SDG /MDG Indicator Sub-groupsa National indicator
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