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Student Living Conditions n OVE 34 February 2017 Infos The Survey on Student Living 2016 overview Conditions (CdV) has been conducted every three years since it began in 1994. It aims to collect and analyse Student living pertinent information on the various aspects of student living conditions. For this 8th edition, over 220,000 students conditions were invited to fill out the OVE questionnaire between 14 March , and 23 May 2016. The results Feres Belghith Director of OVE presented here correspond to Jean-François Giret, President of the OVE Scientific College the exploitation of the 46,340 Monique Ronzeau, President of the OVE Council questionnaires fully completed by students. Élise Tenret, Advisor to OVE Several changes were made to the new edition of the CdV ith ever increasing student numbers over the past few years, survey, in order to adapt to (2,551,100 students in 2015-2016), the student population is the current issues of living and becoming more and more diverse, both in terms of social char- study conditions. In particular, distinguishing “Grands Wacteristics and living conditions. These diverse situations affect students’ Établissements” and National experience in higher education, both in their study conditions and their Schools for Teaching and perceptions of their studies. Who are the students of 2016? What are their Education (ESPE) from among the programmes, introducing living and study conditions? How do they perceive student life? The lat- questions examining the est edition of the Living Conditions Survey will provide answers to these migratory origins of students, questions. It was answered by over 46,000 students, representing 84% introducing questions on the use of digital tools (MOOCs) of the student population in France. By taking account of gender, age, and introducing more precise social and geographic origins, geographic location, study programme, questions on handicap and its study conditions, previous studies, territorial position, accommodation acknowledgement by institutions. Many questions also remained and health conditions, the 2016 CdV survey makes it possible to analyse the same, in order to follow student life, establish trends and identify inequalities. the evolution of student living conditions over time. OVEINFOS • FEBRUARY 2017 Students’ assessment of studies improves, but great divisions remain irstly, the results of the 2016 Living GRAPH 1: distribution of women and men by field of study (in %) Conditions Survey demonstrate a certain stability: the socio-demo- SHS 69 31 graphic characteristics of students Teaching, ESPE 64 36 have hardly changed since the last Health 64 36 survey (2013). Law, Economics 60 40 UNIVERSITY The student population remains predom- IUT 43 57 F 38 62 inantly female: women represent 53% of Sciences (graph students, while men represent 47% ALL UNIVERSITY 57 43 1) . As was the case in previous surveys, we Culture 61 39 note that this feminisation remains dispro- Grands Établissements 54 46 portionate across fields of study: women Business 49 51 are significantly in the minority in engineer- STS 47 53 ing programmes and in university science CPGE 43 57 programmes. However, they form a vast Engineering 28 72 majority in Arts, Humanities and Social 2 ALL 53 47 Sciences (SHS). Feminisation also varies according to the level of studies: women 0 20 40 60 80 100% remain a minority in doctoral studies (45%) women men while they represent 55% of enrolments at the Bachelor’s degree level, for all fields of study combined. Reading: 57% of students enrolled in university, in all fields of study, are women. The children of executives and intellectual professionals are also overrepresented in Scope: all respondents (n = 46,340). higher education (36%) (graph 2) compared with their proportion in the working population, where they represent 18% (Insee, Continuous Employment Survey 2015). This is espe- graph 2: percentage of children of executives and intellectual professionals by field of study (in %) cially noticeable in Grands Etablissements, Business schools, Engineering schools, CPGE (Class preparing for admission to Grandes Health 46 Ecoles) and in cultural schools, where nearly Law, Economics 35 half of the enrolled students come from the Sciences 33 most privileged backgrounds. By contrast, Teaching, ESPE 30 the children of labourers and employees UNIVERSITY SHS 28 are under-represented throughout higher IUT 27 education and in all types of study, with ALL UNIVERSITY 34 the notable exception of STS (Advanced Grands Établissements 49 Technician Programmes), where they repre- Business 49 sent nearly half of the students. Engineering 48 Migratory origin was investigated for the 47 first time in the 2016 CdV survey, and CPGE 46 highlights a new divide in the student pop- Culture 17 ulation. When both parents are immigrants STS 36 and, to a lesser extent, when one parent is ALL an immigrant, students are more likely to 0 10 20 30 40 50% choose Law-Economics programmes at uni- versity (26 and 22% respectively, compared Reading: 17% of students enrolled in STS have at least one parent who is an executive or intellec- with 17% of students from Metropolitan tual professional. France without migratory ancestry) or in STS (12% and 8% respectively, compared with Scope: all respondents with parents in employment (n = 35,017). 8%) (graph 3). They are also under-represented OVEINFOS • FEBRUARY 2017 Glossary SHS: Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences ESPE: National Schools for Teaching and Education STS: Advanced Technician Programmes CPGE: Classes preparing for admission to Grandes Ecoles IUT: University Institute of Technology graph 3: Students descending from immigrant parents, by field of study (in %) 1 Descendants of two 1. Students born in France, with two parents of 1 16 26 12 9 6 12 2 6 5 2 3 immigrant parents foreign nationality and born abroad. 2. Students born in France, with one parent of foreign nationality and born abroad. Descendants of one 18 21 12 11 5 8 3 7 6 2 3 4 immigrant parent2 3. Students born in France, whose both parents are of French nationality and born in France. Native to Metropolitan France with no migratory ancestry3 18 17 13 11 7 8 4 8 6 2 2 4 Reading: 16% of students with two immigrant parents are enrolled in Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences. ALL 18 18 13 11 6 8 4 8 6 2 2 4 Scope: students native to Metropolitan France with or without migratory ancestry 0 20 40 60 80 100% (n = 36,982). SHS IUT Business Law, Economics STS Culture Sciences CPGE Grands Établissements Health Engineering Teaching, ESPE 3 in CPGE and Engineering schools. These dif- field of studies: while 22% of STS students, preparatory classes, Engineering schools ferent study programme choices can partly a short higher education programme, intend and Cultural schools are the most satisfied be explained by social origin. Students with to finish studying before the Bachelor’s with their studies overall (72% of students two immigrant parents can be distinguished degree level (3 years), 38% of them intend in these programmes). Also in these pro- from others, in that 41% are from a work- to continue studying to a Bachelor’s degree grammes, as well as in IUTs (University ing-class background, compared with 18% level, and 35% to a Master’s degree level. On Institutes of Technology), students are the when only one parent is an immigrant, and the other hand, 80% of Health students say most likely to say they are satisfied with 16% when neither parent is an immigrant. they intend to continue studying beyond their integration in their peer group, while Master’s degree level. Over 50% of students these percentages are low at universities, Other than choice of study programme, at Art and Architecture schools and in CPGE especially in the fields of Law-Economics intentions for future studies also high- intend to continue studying beyond the and Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences. light social differences. While over half of level of a Master’s degree. Among the reasons for satisfaction, stu- students enrolled in a Bachelor’s degree dents highlight interest in their courses programme intend to continue studying Overall, students are fairly satisfied with (68%), reputation of the institution (65%), to Master’s degree level (5 years), and 31% their studies: 60% state that they are satis- availability (57%) and teaching capabili- intend to continue beyond five years, these fied or very satisfied, and only 11% state that ties of teachers (56%). The organisation intentions vary according to students’ social they are dissatisfied. While the satisfaction of studies and scheduling is second to origins. 49% of children of executives and rate remains the same as in 2013 (61% of stu- last, with 40% of all students reporting intellectual professionals intend to continue dents satisfied), the proportion of students that they are satisfied or very satisfied. their studies to a Master’s degree level, stating they are dissatisfied decreased by This percentage is lower in the fields of and 42% beyond this level, whereas 53% of three points between the two surveys (14% Health and Law-Economics at university employees’ children and 52% of labourers’ in 2013). This evolution can also be seen in and in IUTs (36%), but higher in CPGE (57%), children intend to continue their studies to students’ feeling of integration in the life of despite the intense work schedule in this a Master’s degree level, and only 25% and their institution: in 2016, 39% of students programme. 21% of them, respectively, intend to con- said they were fully involved in the life of tinue beyond this level. Students with two their institution whereas only 30% did so immigrant parents who are enrolled in a in 2013. Similarly, 27% report that they feel Bachelor’s programme are also less likely they are not very involved, or not at all, as to intend to continue studying beyond a opposed to 32% in 2013.
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