Internet for Public Defenders 2002

THE INSIDER’S GUIDE Criminal Justice Resources on the Internet 2002

Ken Strutin

New York State Defenders Association

ISBN 0-9718982-0-0

Nothing contained in this book is to be considered as the rendering of legal advice for specific cases, and readers are responsible for obtaining advice from their own legal counsel. This book and any forms and agreements herein are intended for educational and informational purposes only and are not a substitute for the advice of an attorney. If you require legal or other expert advice, you should seek the services of a competent attorney or other professional.

The products and services mentioned in this publication are under or may be under trademark or service mark protection. Product and service names and terms are used throughout only in an editorial fashion, to the benefit of the product manufacturer or service provider, with no intention of infringement. Use of a product or service name or term in this publication should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark.

Please note that inclusion of web sites in this book is not an endorsement or approval of any commercial advertising, products, services or opinions of those web sites. The web sites provided here are for informational purposes only. NYSDA does not bear any responsibility for the accuracy, validity or the content of any of the web sites. If there are problems with a particular web site, contact that site’s webmaster.

Discounts are available for books ordered in bulk. Special consideration may be given to bar associations, CLE programs, bar-related organizations, public defenders, assigned counsel, and legal aid attorneys. Inquire at the address above.

CONTENTS

Acknowledgements...... i About the Author ...... ii Feedback ...... ii Foreword...... iii Preface...... iv Abbreviations...... vi

PART I NEW INTERNET RESOURCES 1

PART II INTERNET RESOURCES COLLECTION 107

Glossary...... 171 Further Reading...... 173 Companion CD-ROM...... 174

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I wish to thank the entire staff at the New York State Defenders Association (NYSDA) for their support, encouragement, ideas and suggestions. I commend their daily efforts on behalf of those most in need, and thank them for sharing their wisdom and experience. Like all projects, this one builds on earlier work, including the development of the “Resources Sighted, Cited and Sited” section of the Public Defense Backup Center REPORT, now found on the NYSDA web site, www.nysda.org.

I would like to acknowledge specifically those people who played a prominent role in the evolution and production of The Insider’s Guide. The NYSDA web site, which was the first showcase for the raw materials culled for this book, owes much of its vitality to the efforts of Dave Austin, Web Master and Director of Information Technology at the Backup Center. The work and insights of Shahrul Ladue, NYSDA’s Legal Secretary, greatly facilitated the planning and production of this book. I also thank Larry O’Brien for his assistance and helpful comments regarding design and format.

The Insider’s Guide and NYSDA’s web site would not have come into existence without the guidance, editorial efforts, and thoughtful suggestions of Charles F. O’Brien, NYSDA’s Managing Attorney. Finally, this book and NYSDA’s other accomplishments over the past twenty years are attributable to the support of NYSDA’s Executive Director, Jonathan E. Gradess.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Ken Strutin (J.D., M.L.S.) is a legal information consultant, experienced criminal defense attorney and well-known writer and speaker. He has lectured extensively about the benefits of using the Internet for legal research at national and local CLE training programs for criminal defense lawyers, capital defenders and legal aid attorneys. He is the author of ALI-ABA’s Practice Checklist Manual on Representing Criminal Defendants and co-author of the award winning Legal Research Methodology computer tutorial, published by the Center for Computer-Assisted Legal Instruction (CALI). He has contributed chapters to several books and written many articles concerning knowledge management, legal research and criminal law. Mr. Strutin has taught courses in Advanced Legal Research and Law Office Management. He is listed in Who's Who in American Law and is a member of Beta Phi Mu, the International Library Honor Society. Currently, Mr. Strutin does consulting work for the New York State Defenders Association.

FEEDBACK

The New York State Defenders Association is committed to serving our readers’ needs; we welcome your feedback on how we can improve future editions of this book. If you have a comment about The Insider’s Guide or a new resource to share, please contact Ken Strutin.

New York State Defenders Association 194 Washington Avenue, Suite 500 Albany, NY 12210 (518) 465-3524 [email protected]

FOREWORD

The Internet can be as frustrating as it is amazing. Hours can be wasted wading through useless web links before finding what you’re interested in. After crafting what you think is a carefully defined search query on your favorite search engine, it is easy to become disheartened with the 10,000 “relevant” hits that are returned. Or after spending days or weeks searching the web for a particular topic, you finally stumble across a great resource that has evaded you. The Internet is vast and today’s search engines can only explore and index a fraction of it. While new search tools are being developed to tap hidden resources in the “invisible web,” the simple fact is that there are great portions of the web that elude search engines and web crawlers.

Valuable, free online resources - case law, statutes, forensic studies, reports, briefs, motions, investigative tools, and an extensive library of research materials - are of little use if they can’t be easily located. NYSDA’s goal in publishing the Insider’s Guide is to provide researchers and busy practitioners with a current compilation of significant criminal justice and public defense resources on the Internet. Ken Strutin has spent hundreds of hours locating recently published or updated criminal justice and defense resources on the web. This Guide and the accompanying CD-ROM are the result of those many hours. They will assist even experienced Internet users in quickly locating valuable and frequently hard to find resources, saving time and hopefully minimizing frustration.

Charles F. O’Brien Managing Attorney New York State Defenders Association

iii

PREFACE

The Insider’s Guide is the culmination of more than two years of work reviewing and evaluating thousands of web-based criminal justice resources, publications and products. It contains the most relevant and current resources organized by subject area. Not every web site or publication on a topic is listed, and while most publications are recent, selected older publications have been included because of their importance. Articles or press releases summarizing a lengthy report or complex web site have been included to save the time of the user.

The Insider’s Guide is organized in two parts. Part I highlights and describes new publications and web sites appearing in the past few years. Part II is a comprehensive collection of web resources, encompassing some of the newer sites and previously existing ones. The Insider’s Guide complements the national and local news and resources routinely published on the New York State Defenders Association (NYSDA) web site, www.nysda.org.

The New York State Defenders Association is a not-for-profit membership organization that has been providing support to New York's criminal defense community since 1967. Its mission is to improve the quality and scope of publicly supported legal representation to low-income people. In 1995, NYSDA established one of the first criminal defense sites on the Internet. Since then, the web site has expanded to meet the growing information needs of the public defense community in New York and elsewhere. It contains many of the research links appearing in The Insider’s Guide and thousands more concerning current news items, court decisions, motions and research studies.

The intent behind The Insider’s Guide was to create a reference source for researchers and practitioners. Thus, the layout has been designed to make it convenient for browsing in print and accessing

the web sites through the CD-ROM. The full web addresses have been included for each site for technical reasons, such as enabling readers to deal with web sites that have become problematic. For example, a link may not work because a web site is down for repair, updating or retooling. It may have some other quirk that requires the web address to be cut and pasted into the web browser’s address bar to function. Hopefully, you will not en- counter too many difficulties in trying to reach the web sites in this book.

The focus of The Insider’s Guide is on web sites, publications and products. It does not address Internet usage, such as transferring files, joining listservs or managing email. An effort has been made to present broad-based resources useful to practitioners and researchers nationally. Due to NYSDA’s New York orientation, there are a significant number of New York resources listed. No attempt has been made to cull all resources from all states, though many not listed here might exist.

All of the web addresses in The Insider’s Guide were active as of the date of publication. In Part II a dollar sign ($) has been added to web sites to indicate that there may be a fee associated with using it, such as a commercial database. Like any characteristic of a web site, the free or fee status may change over time. A companion CD-ROM containing the full text and active links to all the web addresses has been included. Any link appearing in the Guide can be accessed directly through the CD-ROM. Details about the CD- ROM appear at the end of this book.

Ken Strutin Legal Information Consultant

ABBREVIATIONS

ABA American Bar Association ABCNY Association of the Bar of the City of New York ACCD American Council of Chief Defenders (NLADA) ACLU American Civil Liberties Union AI Amnesty International ALI American Law Institute ALSO American Law Sources Online AO Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts APRL Association of Professional Responsibility Lawyers BJA U.S. Bureau of Justice Assistance BJS U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics BOP Federal Bureau of Prisons CANY Correctional Association of New York CASA National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University CCI Center for Court Innovation CJRI Criminal and Justice Research Institute DOJ U.S. Department of Justice DOS U.S. Department of State DPIC Death Penalty Information Center FJC U.S. Federal Judicial Center GAO U.S. Government Accounting Office GPO U.S. Government Printing Office HRW Human Rights Watch

LII Legal Information Institute at Cornell University School of Law LLRX Law Library Resource Exchange LOC U.S. Library of Congress LWVNY League of Women Voters of New York State NACDL National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers NARA National Archives and Records Administration NHTSA National Highway Traffic Safety Administration NIJ U.S. National Institute of Justice NITA National Institute of Trial Advocacy NJC National Judicial College NLADA National Legal Aid and Defender Association NYCDO N.Y. Capital Defender Office NYCLA New York County Lawyers’ Association NYCLU N.Y. Civil Liberties Union NYLJ N.Y. Law Journal NYSBA N.Y. State Bar Association NYT New York Times OCA N.Y. Office of Court Administration OJJDP U.S. Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention OJP U.S. Office of Justice Programs OVC U.S. Office of Victim Services USDC U.S. District Court USSC U.S. Sentencing Commission VIJ Vera Institute of Justice

vii

PART I

NEW INTERNET RESOURCES

CONTENTS

APPELLATE PRACTICE...... 5 ASSIGNED COUNSEL RATES ...... 6 COURTS AND COURT DOCKETS ...... 9 CRIMINAL HISTORIES ...... 10 CRIMINAL JUSTICE...... 11 CRIMINAL JUSTICE STATISTICS ...... 17 DEATH PENALTY ...... 19 DNA...... 25 DRUG COURTS ...... 27 DRUG LAWS...... 29 DWI...... 32 EXPERTS...... 33 EYEWITNESS EVIDENCE...... 33 FEDERAL COURTS...... 34 FEDERAL PRACTICE...... 35 FEDERAL SENTENCING...... 36 FORENSICS...... 36 FORMS...... 40 IMMIGRATION...... 41 INTERPRETERS...... 41 INVESTIGATIVE TOOLS ...... 42 JURY INSTRUCTIONS...... 42 JUVENILE JUSTICE ...... 43 LAW OFFICE MANAGEMENT ...... 49 LAW OFFICE TECHNOLOGY...... 51 LEGAL RESEARCH...... 57 LEGAL SERVICES...... 62 LITIGATION...... 64 LOCATING INMATES...... 66 LOCATING LAWYERS ...... 67 LOCATING PUBLIC OFFICIALS ...... 68

MEDICAL INFORMATION...... 69 MENTAL ILLNESS...... 70 NEW YORK COURTS ...... 71 POLICE MISCONDUCT ...... 74 POST-CONVICTION ...... 76 PRISON STATISTICS ...... 77 PRISONERS’ RIGHTS...... 79 PRISONS...... 83 PROBLEM SOLVING COURTS...... 84 PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITY ...... 85 PUBLIC DEFENSE ...... 86 PUBLIC RECORDS...... 93 RACE AND LAW...... 94 REFERENCE TOOLS...... 96 RESEARCH TOOLS...... 99 SEARCH ENGINES ...... 101 STATISTICS...... 103 TERRORISM LAW ...... 103 WEB TOOLS ...... 104 WRONGFUL CONVICTION...... 105

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

APPELLATE PRACTICE Federal Criminal Ap- ABC's of Appellate Law: peals, 1999 (BJS 2001). A Guided Tour for Non- This report “[d]escribes the Specialists (Law.com) was increase in the appellate a presentation of Law.com caseload as a result of chal- Seminars, at which appellate lenges to the sentence im- lawyers and justices of the posed. Following implemen- California Court of Appeals tation of the Federal Sen- discussed various practical tencing Reform Act, which issues in appellate practice. opened the sentencing process to appellate review, the • ABC's of Appellate Law: number of criminal appeals A Guided Tour for Non- filed doubled.” Specialists www.law.com/cgi- • Federal Criminal bin/gx.cgi/AppLogic+FT Appeals, 1999 ContentServer?pagenam www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/a e=law/View&c=Article& bstract/fca99.htm cid=ZZZYQAUVOJC&liv e=true&cst=1&pc=0&pa Putting the Right (Type) =0&s=News&ExpIgnore Face on Your Appeal, =true&showsummary=0 Connecticut Law Tribune, November 12, 2001 discusses Briefsmart is an online the efficacy of using the ap- brief bank and document ex- propriate typeface for pre- change service. Motions and paring an appellate brief. briefs on various subjects, including criminal law, can • Putting the Right (Type) be located using their free Face on Your Appeal search engine. The purchase www.law.com/cgi- costs of each document are bin/gx.cgi/AppLogic+FT indicated. ContentServer?pagenam e=law/View&c=Article& • Briefsmart cid=ZZZ9BJ1URTC&live www.briefsmart.com/ =true&cst=6&pc=0&pa=

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

0&s=News&ExpIgnore= also discusses the Judiciary's true&showsummary=0 recent efforts to convene representatives of the bar, law Things Your Mentor enforcement and local gov- Never Taught You About ernment to devise a solution Briefs, New Jersey Law to this problem. The Report Journal, October 18, 2001 describes the results of these discusses pragmatic strate- efforts, sets forth a proposal gies for effective appellate to increase the current rates brief writing. and identifies a source of funds to pay for the in- • Things Your Mentor crease.” Never Taught You About Briefs • Assigned Counsel www.law.com/cgi- Compensation in New bin/gx.cgi/AppLogic+FT York: A Growing Crisis ContentServer?pagenam www.courts.state.ny.us/ e=law/View&c=Article& 18b.html cid=ZZZV6WFOXSC&liv e=true&cst=1&pc=0&pa Committee to Promote =0&s=News&ExpIgnore Public Trust and Confi- =true&showsummary=0 dence in the Legal Sys- tem (OCA 1999). “Increase ASSIGNED COUNSEL funding for public defenders' RATES offices. These offices handle Assigned Counsel Com- not only criminal, but also pensation in New York: A Family Court and Surrogate's Growing Crisis (OCA Court matters (County Law 2000). “This Report outlines §§ 18-A and B). Attorneys in the historical role of assigned many public defenders' of- counsel in New York, and it fices carry an excessive describes the dramatic im- caseload which can compro- pact that the exodus of attor- mise the quality of legal ser- neys from the assigned coun- vice that is rendered. Suffi- sel panels has had on the cient funds for investigators justice system. The Report also are needed. Funding

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources should be more proportion- who cannot afford counsel” ate to that given to District in New York City and issued Attorneys' offices.” “Increase a report calling for increased compensation for assigned— funding for assigned counsel appointed counsel under Ju- and additional funding and diciary Law § 35. The present services for public defense. fee structure of $25 per hour for out-of-court time and • Crisis in the Legal $40 per hour for in-court Representation of the time was last amended in Poor 1985 [sic]. This is wholly in- www.courts.state.ny.us/ adequate. As a result, capa- 1AD-rep-poor.htm ble, experienced attorneys are declining to serve as ap- Hourly Fees Paid By pointed or assigned counsel Various Federal Agencies because they cannot afford to to Private Attorneys for work at these rates and meet Legal Services (GAO overhead expenses.” 2001). This report contains information on hourly fees • Committee to Promote paid by the federal govern- Public Trust and ment to private attorneys for Confidence in the Legal legal services from 1999 to System 2001. www.courts.state.ny.us/ pubtrust.pdf • Hourly Fees Paid By Various Federal Crisis in the Legal Repre- Agencies to Private sentation of the Poor Attorneys for Legal (Appellate Division First Services Department Committee on www.gao.gov/new.items the Representation of the /d01887r.pdf Poor 2001). The Committee completed an investigation Justice Denied: The Cri- into the state of sis in Legal Representa- “governmentally-funded tion of Birth Parents in legal representation of those Child Protective Pro-

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

ceedings (NYC Public Advo- • Resolving the Assigned cate 2000). Child Planning Counsel Fee Crisis: An and Advocacy Now, part of Opportunity to Provide the Public Advocate's Office, County Fiscal Relief and issued a report critical of Quality Public Defense problems with the admini- Services stration of court assigned www.nysda.org/Resolvin attorneys handling family gtheAssignedCounselFee court matters in New York Crisis_01.pdf City. State of the Judiciary • Justice Denied: The Report (OCA 2001) “The Crisis in Legal situation has worsened. As- Representation of Birth signed counsel fees . . . were Parents in Child barely adequate 15 years ago Protective Proceedings when they were set by the pubadvocate.nyc.gov/do Legislature. Today, they have cuments/18bweb.PDF decimated assigned counsel panels. And the conse- Resolving the Assigned quences are severe.” The Counsel Fee Crisis: An proposal to increase rates Opportunity to Provide “$75 an hour for felony and County Fiscal Relief and Family Court cases, and $60 Quality Public Defense an hour for nonfelony cases” Services (NYSDA 2001) re- would be funded by expand- views defense systems in ing the collection of sur- New York and other states, charges and fines. “It is the national studies and stan- responsibility of all of us in dards, and draws upon the government to address this collective experience of pub- deepening crisis now. We lic defense service providers. simply cannot let another It calls for the immediate in- year pass without resolving crease of assigned counsel this problem.” rates and the efficient and effective provision of public • State of the Judiciary defense services. Report

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

www.courts.state.ny.us/ • Keeping Up With NYStateofJudiciary2001. Electronic Docket and pdf Document Retrieval www.legaldockets.com/a COURTS AND COURT rt1001.html DOCKETS Court Rules, Forms and Legal Dockets Online pro- Dockets (LLRX) is a re- vides free and inexpensive source that contains over 700 federal and state court case links to federal and state docket information. They courts. Published by the Law maintain listings for all web Library Resource Exchange, accessible courts. They also this resource has a powerful maintain listings for access- search tool and presents in- ing Federal and State opin- formation in a well-organized ions and news stories. fashion. • Legal Dockets Online • Court Rules, Forms and www.legaldockets.com/ Dockets www.llrx.com/courtrules Misdemeanor Courts, • Law Library Resource Hope for Crime Weary Exchange America (NJC 2000) is a www.llrx.com report on the efficacy of volunteer citizen probation pro- Keeping Up With Elec- grams in misdemeanor tronic Docket and courts in reducing recidivism Document Retrieval, Le- and improving the response gal Dockets Online, October of the criminal justice system 22, 2001 is a thorough review to defendants and victims. and comparison of federal and state court records avail- • Misdemeanor Courts, able online. It also includes Hope for Crime Weary discussions of official and America commercial docket services. www.olemiss.edu/depts/ mjc/Misdemeanor.pdf

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

Responding to the Com- Those Willing to Try munity: Principles for www.law.com/cgi- Planning and Creating a bin/gx.cgi/AppLogic+FT Community Court (BJA ContentServer?pagenam 2001). “This bulletin is a e=law/View&c=Article& guide for community justice cid=ZZZH8DFFWSC&liv planners, particularly those e=true&cst=6&pc=0&pa interested in court reform. =0&s=News&ExpIgnore Using the Midtown Commu- =true&showsummary=0 nity Court in New York City as a case study, the bulletin CRIMINAL HISTORIES presents a set of common Navigating the Maze of principles for community Criminal Records Re- courts.” trieval—Updated (LLRX June 1, 2001) is an article by • Responding to the Lynn Peterson, President of Community: Principles PFC Information Services, for Planning and Inc., a public records re- Creating a Community search firm located in Oak- Court land, California, that dis- www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ cusses methods for finding bja/185986.pdf criminal histories nationwide using electronic databases. Videoconferencing Of- fers Solutions to Those • Navigating the Maze of Willing to Try, American Criminal Records Lawyer Media, October 22, Retrieval – Updated 2001 is an article discussing www.llrx.com/features/c the recent use of videocon- riminal2.htm ferencing by the Nassau County Supreme Court in Public Attitudes Toward New York to reduce calendar Uses of Criminal History call congestion in civil cases. Information (BJS 2001). “Presents the results of the • Videoconferencing first national survey of public Offers Solutions to attitudes towards use of

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

criminal history information persons considering the pri- for a variety of purposes.” vacy impacts presented by advances in technology.” • Public Attitudes Toward Uses of Criminal History • Report of the National Information Task Force on Privacy, www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/a Technology, and bstract/pauchi.htm Criminal Justice Information Rapsheets.com is a sub- www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/a scription service that can ac- bstract/rntfptcj.htm cess a database of more than 20 million records. The data Use and Management of is drawn from public records Criminal History Record of state, county and local Information (BJS 2001). government agencies from This report contains a com- around the nation. prehensive description of all aspects of the Federal and • Rapsheets.com State criminal history record www.rapsheets.com/ information systems.

Report of the National • Use and Management of Task Force on Privacy, Criminal History Record Technology, and Crimi- Information nal Justice Information www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/a (BJS 2001). “The task force bstract/umchri01.htm reviewed the law and policy addressing the collection, CRIMINAL JUSTICE use, and dissemination of 2000 Wiretap Report (AO criminal justice record in- 2001) was published by the formation and, particularly, Administrative Office of the criminal history record in- United States Courts and formation. The findings ad- provides information about dress a wide variety of issues wiretap and interception which impact on privacy de- activities conducted by the cisions and are relevant to federal government.

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

• 2000 Wiretap Report Criminal Justice 2000 www.uscourts.gov/wiret (NIJ 2000). The National ap00/contents.html Institute of Justice asked dozens of experts to analyze Annual Report to Con- current and emerging trends gress: Creating A Safer in criminal justice. Their America: Fiscal Year analysis has been compiled 2000 (BJA 2001). “This An- into this four-volume series. nual Report describes the funding and technical assis- • Criminal Justice 2000 tance BJA provided to state www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/p and local criminal justice ubs-sum/cj2000.htm systems in FY 2000.” Criminal Victimization • Annual Report to Con- 2000: Changes 1999- gress: Creating A Safer 2000 With Trends 1993- America: Fiscal Year 2000 (BJS 2001). “Accord- 2000 ing to the National Crime www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ Victimization Survey, the bja/187302.pdf violent crime rate fell 15% and the property crime rate Crime and the Courts fell 10%, 1999-2000. Overall Channel (USLaw.com). It property crime rates fell be- contains articles, resources tween 1999 and 2000 due to and discussions about a decrease in theft and a constitutional and criminal slight decline in motor vehi- law. It also features a bulletin cle theft. From 1999 to 2000 board where visitors can post violent crime rates fell for questions. almost every demographic group considered: males, fe- • Crime and the Courts males, whites, blacks, non- Channel Hispanics, and 12-to-24 year- www.uslaw.com/channel olds.” .tcl?channel_id=46 • Criminal Victimization 2000: Changes 1999-

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

2000 With Trends 1993- Services Program 2000 www.heritage.org/librar www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/a y/cda/cda00-10.html bstract/cv00.htm Federal Criminal Case Expenditure and Em- Processing, 2000: With ployment Statistics (BJS Trends 1982-2000 (BJS 2001) is a summary of statis- 2001). “This report includes tics on the amounts of money the number and disposition that federal, state and local of suspects investigated by governments spend on U.S. attorneys, the number of criminal justice functions arrests for Federal offenses, and personnel. the number of defendants in cases filed in U.S. district • Expenditure and courts, the disposition of de- Employment Statistics fendants in cases terminated www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/e in U.S. district courts, sanc- ande.htm tions imposed on convicted defendants, the number of Facts About Cops: A Per- persons under Federal cor- formance Overview of rectional supervision (pro- the Community Oriented bation, parole, supervised Policing Services Pro- release, and incarceration), gram (Heritage Foundation and trends in annual Federal 2000) is an evaluation of criminal case processing.” President Clinton's COPS program intended to place • Federal Criminal Case 100,000 more police officers Processing, 2000: With on the streets to reduce Trends 1982-2000 crime. www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/a bstract/fccp00.htm • Facts About Cops: A Performance Overview Felony Sentences in State of the Community Courts, 1998 (BJS 2001). Oriented Policing This report examines the statistics for adults who were

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

convicted of felonies and • Independent Technical sentenced in state courts. Review of the Carnivore System: Final Report • Felony Sentences in www.usdoj.gov/jmd/pub State Courts, 1998 lications/carniv_final.pd www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/a f bstract/fssc98.htm Information Collection Firearm Use by Offend- for Automated Mapping ers (BJS 2001) describes (Chicago Police Department firearm use by state and fed- 2000) is an electronic police eral prison inmates during blotter that allows residents their current offense. Topics of Chicago to learn about re- include types of firearms ported criminal activity in used, characteristics of in- their area. Chicago Lets Citi- mates using firearms, why zens Map Crime, Federal and where inmates used their Computer Week, October 5, firearms, and where they 2000 obtained their firearms. • Information Collection • Firearm Use by for Automated Mapping Offenders www.cityofchicago.org/c www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/a aps/ bstract/fuo.htm • Chicago Lets Citizens Map Crime Independent Technical www.fcw.com/civic/artic Review of the Carnivore les/2000/1002/web- System: Final Report chicago-10-05-00.asp (DOJ 2000). This report evaluated Carnivore, a tool Multiple Homicide Cases developed by the Federal Nationwide (NYT 2000). Bureau of Investigation (FBI) The New York Times created t0 intercept electronic a research tool for studying communications multiple homicide cases across the country. A View of Rampage Killers Across the

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

Country, New York Times, Get a Fair Hearing at DMV, April 10, 2000 and The Well- NYSBA Press Release, De- Marked Roads to Homicidal cember 21, 1999. Rage, New York Times, April 9, 2000. • NYSBA Special Committee on • Multiple Homicide Cases Administrative Nationwide Adjudication Report www.nytimes.com/librar www.nysba.org/whatsne y/national/040900shoot w/report2.pdf -map.html • Year Long Investigation • A View of Rampage of State Agencies Finds Killers Across the Motorists Don’t Get a Country Fair Hearing at DMV www.nytimes.com/librar www.nysba.org/media/n y/national/040900shoot ewsreleases/1999/admin -map.html .html • The Well-Marked Roads to Homicidal Rage Research on Women and www.nytimes.com/librar Girls in the Justice Sys- y/national/041000ramp tem (NIJ 2000) is a collec- age-killers.html tion of conference studies that revealed a link between NYSBA Special Commit- the victimization of women tee on Administrative and their criminal behavior. Adjudication Report (NYSBA 1999) is a study of • Research on Women and the conditions and issues re- Girls in the Justice lating to administrative System hearings conducted by vari- www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ ous New York agencies, such nij/180973.pdf as the Department of Motor Vehicles. Read about the Small Area Income and report in Year Long Poverty Estimates: Inter- Investigation of State Agen- censal Estimates for cies Finds Motorists Don't States, Counties, and

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

School Districts (U.S. Cen- from the 2001 National Sur- sus 2001). “The main objec- vey of Prosecutors. The re- tive of this program is to pro- port summarizes the budgets vide updated estimates of for prosecutors' offices that income and poverty statistics serve large districts and pro- for the administration of fed- files their staffs of attorneys, eral programs and the allo- investigators, victim advo- cation of federal funds to locates and support personnel. cal jurisdictions.” The other survey areas include the number of felony • Small Area Income and cases closed, the use of DNA Poverty Estimates: evidence, and the number of Intercensal Estimates for juvenile cases proceeded States, Counties, and against in criminal court.” School Districts www.census.gov/hhes/w • State Court Prosecutors ww/saipe.html in Large Districts, 2001 www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/a Social Science Research bstract/scpld01.htm Network (Social Science Electronic Publishing) is a State Court Sentencing of research library and network. Convicted Felons, 1998 It has an Abstract Database (BJS 2001). This report containing over 35,500 en- examines data collected from tries and an Electronic Paper a 1998 survey of felons Collection with over 18,100 convicted in state courts in downloadable full text docu- over 300 counties. ments. • State Court Sentencing • Social Science Research of Convicted Felons, Network 1998 www.ssrn.com/ www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/a bstract/scsc98st.htm State Court Prosecutors in Large Districts, 2001 State of Criminal Justice (BJS 2001). “Presents data (ABA Criminal Justice Sec-

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

tion 2000). The sixth “State publications, news and of Criminal Justice” report is unique resources. a critical survey highlighting the directions in which the • Vera Institute of Justice justice system is heading. It www.vera.org/about/ab covers a wide range of topics out_1.asp from the death penalty to racial bias. Virtual Information Cen- ter (BJA 2001) The Bureau • State of Criminal Justice of Justice Assistance created www.abanet.org/media/ a web search engine to locate dec00/abareport.html information about innovative strategies and programs Summary of State and funded by the federal Local Justice Improve- government. ment Activities 2001 (ABA Committee on State • Virtual Information Justice Initiatives 2001). Center “The Summary shows more bjavic.aspensys.com/ than 1,000 areas of activity, including 331 'justice initia- CRIMINAL JUSTICE tives' that involve the public STATISTICS as well as the courts and bar Crime and Justice Data associations.” Online (BJS) is a web site for researchers who want to • Summary of State and analyze statistics based on Local Justice Improve- data from FBI Crime Reports ment Activities 2001 and other government www.abanet.org/justice/ sources. 01summary/home.html • Crime and Justice Data Vera Institute of Justice Online (VIJ) has revamped its web 149.101.22.40/dataonlin site providing a slick, user- e/ friendly environment and access to its criminal justice

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

Crime Stats Made Easy BJS and other agencies. Visit Online, NYLJ, October 10, the Indigent Defense Statis- 2000 describes the many tics home page to see the web resources available for kinds of reports available finding criminal justice sta- through this service. tistics. • JUSTSTATS • Crime Stats Made Easy www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/j Online uststats.htm www6.law.com/ny/tech/ • Indigent Defense 101000t5.html Statistics www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/i Justice Research and d.htm Statistics Association web site is operated by a national Sourcebook of Criminal nonprofit organization that Justice Statistics, 2000 conducts multistate research (BJS 2001). This is a on statewide and system- comprehensive compendium wide problems such as do- of criminal justice data mestic violence and conven- covering such topics as: ience store crime, and prac- public attitudes toward crime tices such as community po- and other criminal justice licing. issues; nature and distribution of known • Justice Research and offenses; characteristics and Statistics Association distribution of persons www.jrsa.org/index.html arrested; judicial processing of defendants; and persons JUSTSTATS (BJS 2001) is a under correctional su- new listserv sponsored by the pervision. The book is U.S. Department of Justice, accessible online in a search- Bureau of Justice Statistics. able format and individual This free service routinely sections can be downloaded. sends out notifications of new reports and links to full- • Sourcebook of Criminal text documents published by Justice Statistics, 2000

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/a tions of mental retardation, bstract/scjs00.htm legal standards, international • Sourcebook of Criminal human rights law, and spe- Justice Statistics, 2000 cific capital cases. Search Engine www.albany.edu/source • Beyond Reason: The book/ Death Penalty and Offenders With Mental Uniform Crime Report Retardation (FBI 2001). “This report is www.hrw.org/reports/2 based upon the reports of 001/ustat/ agencies that submitted 3-6 compatible months of data Broken System: Error from January through June Rates in Capital Cases, in both 2000 and 2001.” FBI 1973-1995 (Columbia Uni- Press Release, December 17, versity 2000). The Liebman 2001. study showed that more than two-thirds of death sentences • Uniform Crime Report have been overturned due to www.fbi.gov/ucr/016mo unreliable evidence or proce- sprelim.pdf dural violations at trial. • FBI Press Release www.fbi.gov/pressrel/pr • Broken System: Error essrel01/01prelimcius.ht Rates in Capital Cases, m 1973-1995 justice.policy.net/jprepo DEATH PENALTY rt/index.html Beyond Reason: The Death Penalty and Of- Capital Punishment fenders With Mental Re- 2000 (BJS 2001). This retardation (HRW 2001). In port describes the character- this report, the Human istics of persons on death row Rights Watch reviews the is- and those executed in 2000. sues surrounding the execu- Preliminary data on execution of the mentally retarded. tions in 2001 include state, It examines current defini-

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

method used and race of in- of the death penalty, race and mate. gender information, and the duration of capital and non- • Capital Punishment capital cases in New York. 2000 www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/a • Capital Punishment in bstract/cp00.htm New York State: Statistics from Six Years Capital Punishment 1999 of Representation (BJS 2000). This report de- www.nycdo.org/6yr.htm scribes the characteristics of l persons on death row and those executed in 1999. Pre- Death Penalty in Texas liminary data on executions (Texas Civil Rights Project in 2000 include state, 2000). “This report pulls to- method used and race of in- gether in one place all the mate. studies that exist with respect to the Texas capital punish- • Capital Punishment ment system, as well as vari- 1999 ous studies that deal with the www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/a administration of capital bstract/cp99.htm punishment overall in the nation.” Capital Punishment in New York State: Statis- • Death Penalty in Texas tics from Six Years of www.igc.org/tcrp/downl Representation (NYCDO oads/Death_Penalty_Re 2001). This report by the port/deathpenaltyreport. Capital Defender Office of- htm fers statistics showing how the death penalty has been Death Penalty Informa- implemented in New York tion Center Year End Re- State. The statistics show the port 2001 (DPIC 2001). The number of capital and death- “Death Penalty Information eligible cases, geographic Center's 2001 Year End Re- differences in the application port found a 22% decline in

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

executions, a drop in public monthly list of pending exe- support for capital punish- cutions in the United States ment, and a steady stream of derived from the Death Pen- successful reform efforts alty Information Center. throughout the nation last year. The review also notes • Death Row Roll Call: that questions of fairness and March 2000 a growing national concern www.thenation.com/dea about the application of the throw/ death penalty continue to • The Nation shape America's capital pun- www.thenation.com/ ishment debate.” 2001 Death • Death Penalty Penalty Report Finds 22% Information Center Decline in Executions, Re- www.deathpenaltyinfo.o form Initiatives Gaining rg/ Ground, DPIC Press Release, December 13, 2001. Death Row USA (NAACP Legal Defense Fund 2001). • Death Penalty Informa- This is a quarterly report by tion Center Year End the Criminal Justice Project Report of the NAACP Legal Defense www.deathpenaltyinfo.o and Education Fund provid- rg/YearEndReport2001. ing statistical information on pdf death row inmates, develop- • 2001 Death Penalty ments in Supreme Court Report Finds 22% cases and complete retro- Decline in Executions, spective data on executions Reform Initiatives since the reinstatement of the Gaining Ground death penalty. www.deathpenaltyinfo.o rg/PR- • Death Row USA PICYREND2001.html www.deathpenaltyinfo.o rg/DEATHROWUSArec Death Row Roll Call: ent.pdf March 2000. The Nation has begun publishing a

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

Death Without Justice: A Row (ABCNY 2001). The Guide for Examining the Bar Association's Committee Administration of the on Corrections and the Death Penalty in the Committee on Capital Pun- United States (ABA 2001). ishment conducted a joint The American Bar Associa- study to assess and report on tion Section of Individual the conditions under which Rights and Responsibilities death row prisoners await prepared this publication “to execution in New York pris- help jurisdictions that au- ons. thorize the death penalty conduct comprehensive re- • Dying Twice: Conditions views of the laws, processes, on New York’s Death and procedures relevant to Row the administration of capital www.abcny.org/currenta punishment in their jurisdic- rticle/dying%20_twice2. tions.” For more information html about the report, read Reviewing Death Penalty Federal Death Penalty Policies and Procedures, ABA System: Supplementary News Release, July 30, 2001 Data, Analysis and Re- vised Protocols for Capi- • Death Without Justice: A tal Case Review (DOJ Guide for Examining the 2001). “The proportion of Administration of the minority defendants in fed- Death Penalty in the eral capital cases exceeds the United States proportion of minority indi- www.abanet.org/irr/fina viduals in the general popu- ljune28.pdf lation. The information gath- • Reviewing Death Penalty ered by the Department [of Polices and Procedures Justice] indicates that the www.abanet.org/media/ cause of this disproportion is jul01/protocols.html not racial or ethnic bias, but the representation of mi- Dying Twice: Conditions norities in the pool of poten- on New York's Death tial federal capital cases.”

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

• Federal Death Penalty /irr/Final_Report_1-24- System: Supplementary 00.doc Data, Analysis and • New ABA Report Re- Revised Protocols for veals Growing Uneasi- Capital Case Review ness With Administra- www.usdoj.gov/dag/pub tion of the Death Penalty doc/deathpenaltystudy.h www.abanet.org/irr/ tm Illusion of Control (AI Gathering Momentum: 2001). This report concerns The Continuing Impact consensual executions of of the American Bar As- death row prisoners who sociation Call for a Mora- have abandoned their ap- torium on Executions peals and “ask” to be put to (ABA 2000) and Executive death. Almost a hundred Summary published by the such executions have been ABA's Section of Individual carried out since 1977. Rights and Responsibilities “Consensual” Executions, reveals a growing trend to- Timothy McVeigh, and the ward halting the death pen- Brutalizing Futility of the alty due to the abysmal state Death Penalty, AI Press Re- of procedural fairness in lease, April 24, 2001 capital cases. New ABA Re- port Reveals Growing Un- • Illusion of Control easiness With Administration web.amnesty.org/ai.nsf/ of the Death Penalty, ABA Index/AMR510532001? Press Release, February 2, OpenDocument&of=CO 2000. UNTRIES\\USA • “Consensual” Execu- • Gathering Momentum: tions, Timothy McVeigh, The Continuing Impact and the Brutalizing Fu- of the American Bar As- tility of the Death Pen- sociation Call for a alty Moratorium on Execu- www.web.amnesty.org/ tions web/news.nsf/WebAll/6 www.abanet.org/ftp/pub 905A30CEE5C6647802

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

56A320052DDD4?Open Death Penalty Document www.constitutionproject .org/dpi/MandatoryJust Mandatory Justice: ice.pdf Eighteen Reforms to the Death Penalty (Constitu- Old Habits Die Hard: The tion Project 2001). “[T]he Death Penalty in Okla- report details eighteen spe- homa (AI 2001). This report cific recommendations that focuses on the realities of relate to various aspects of death penalty procedures in capital punishment. Among Oklahoma. “Oklahoma's re- other things, the reforms call lentless pursuit of death for adequate compensation, sentences is in stark contrast standards and training for to the global abolitionist defense counsel; the removal trend. Moreover, the state of certain classes of defen- frequently violates interna- dants and homicides from tional safeguards governing death penalty eligibility; the use of the death penalty, greater flexibility for intro- for example by executing the ducing evidence that casts mentally impaired.” Old doubt on a conviction or Habits Die Hard: New Am- sentence; gathering of data nesty International Report on the role of race in capital on Death Penalty in Okla- punishment and involvement homa, AI Press Release, April of all races in the decision- 26, 2001 making process; elimination of a judge's ability to impose • Old Habits Die Hard: a death sentence despite a The Death Penalty in jury recommendation for life Oklahoma imprisonment; and requiring web.amnesty.org/ai.nsf/ prosecutors to open their Index/AMR510552001? files to the defense in death OpenDocument&of=CO penalty cases.” UNTRIES\\USA • Old Habits Die Hard: • Mandatory Justice: New Amnesty Eighteen Reforms to the International Report on

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

Death Penalty in Too Young to Vote, Old Oklahoma Enough to Be Executed www.web.amnesty.org/ (AI 2001). This report ad- web/news.nsf/weball/A dresses the execution of ju- 076C4506F608D188025 veniles in the United States. 6A33003A9318 • Too Young to Vote, Old Survey of the Federal Enough to Be Executed Death Penalty System: A web.amnesty.org/ai.nsf/ Statistical Survey 1988- Index/AMR511052001? 2000 (DOJ 2000). “This OpenDocument&of=CO Survey provides information UNTRIES\\USA regarding the federal death penalty system since the en- DNA actment of the first modern Improved Analysis of capital punishment statute in DNA Short Tandem Re- 1988. The Survey explains peats With Time-of- the Department of Justice's Flight Mass Spectrome- internal decision-making try (NIJ 2001). “[M]ass process for deciding whether spectrometry can be a useful to seek the death penalty in and effective means for high- individual cases, and pre- throughput DNA analysis, sents statistical information and . . . it has the capabilities focusing on the racial/ethnic to meet the needs of the and geographic distribution forensic DNA community for of defendants and their vic- offender DNA databases.” tims at particular stages of that decision-making proc- • Improved Analysis of ess.” DNA Short Tandem Repeats With Time-of- • Survey of the Federal Flight Mass Death Penalty System: A Spectrometry Statistical Survey 1988- www.ncjrs.org/txtfiles1/ 2000 nij/188292.txt www.usdoj.gov/dag/pub doc/dpsurvey.html

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

National Commission on air.fjc.gov/public/fjcweb the Future of DNA Evi- .nsf/pages/16 dence (NIJ 1999) was established to “maximize the value Survey of DNA Crime of forensic DNA evidence in Laboratories (BJS 1998) is the criminal justice system.” a study of publicly operated Its web site contains publi- forensic laboratory work- cations and transcripts of loads, budgets and operating Commission meetings con- procedures. cerning the potential uses of DNA testing. • Survey of DNA Crime Laboratories • National Commission on www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/a the Future of DNA bstract/sdnacl98.htm Evidence www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij/d Understanding DNA Evi- na/welcome.html dence: A Guide for Vic- tim Service Providers Reference Guide on DNA (OVC 2001). “DNA evidence Evidence from Reference is playing a larger role than Manual on Scientific Evi- ever before in criminal cases dence (FJC 2nd ed. 2000) is throughout the country, both part of a federal judicial to convict the guilty and ex- guide for evaluating scientific onerate the wrongly accused. evidence that contains an Biological samples that were informative review of DNA impossible to test for DNA 10 evidence. years ago may yield critical evidence if tested today. Be- • Reference Guide on DNA cause DNA evidence is a Evidence powerful tool in the search air.fjc.gov/public/pdf.ns for truth, it is important that f/lookup/sciman09.pdf/ victim service providers un- $file/sciman09.pdf derstand the potential sig- • Reference Manual on nificance of DNA evidence in Scientific Evidence their clients' cases.”

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

• Understanding DNA plementation of drug courts Evidence: A Guide for and drug treatment alterna- Victim Service Providers tives statewide. www.ojp.usdoj.gov/ovc/ publications/bulletins/d • Confronting the Cycle of na_4_2001/welcome.ht Addiction and ml Recidivism www.courts.state.ny.us/ What Every Law En- addictionrecidivism620 forcement Officer Should 00.html Know About DNA Evi- dence (NIJ 1999) is a basic Drug Testing in a Drug review of DNA evidence col- Court Environment (OJP lection guidelines. 2000). This paper addresses “the most frequent issues • What Every Law that have been raised by drug Enforcement Officer court programs regarding Should Know About drug testing. Although this DNA Evidence report is by no means a www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ definitive treatment of all of nij/bc000614.pdf these issues, it is intended to provide an overview for drug DRUG COURTS court program officials— Confronting the Cycle of primarily lay persons— Addiction and regarding the most critical Recidivism: A Report to topics that need to be Chief Judge Judith S. addressed in developing and Kaye by the New York maintaining a drug testing State Commission on capability.” Drugs and the Courts (OCA 2000). Among the • Drug Testing in a Drug commission's recom- Court Environment mendations for addressing www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ the increasing number of ojp/181103.pdf drug offenses in the criminal justice system was the im-

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

Evaluation of the D.C. www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ Superior Court Drug In- nij/181412.pdf tervention Programs (NIJ 2000). “An evaluation of the Research on Drug impact of two D.C. Superior Courts: A Critical Review Court experimental inter- (CASA 2001). “This is a ventions on drug-involved critical review of 37 defendants in Washington.” published and unpublished evaluations of drug courts • Evaluation of the D.C. (including seven juvenile Superior Court Drug drug courts, one DUI court, Intervention Programs and one family drug court) www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ produced between 1999 and nij/178941.pdf April 2001. . . . Drug courts have achieved considerable Rebirth of Rehabilita- local support and have tion: Promise and Perils provided intensive, long- of Drug Courts (NIJ term treatment services to 2000). This report is “framed offenders with long histories by an exploration of the of drug use and criminal possibilities drug courts offer justice contacts, previous for improving public safety treatment failures, and high and the pitfalls they may rates of health and social face. It is set in the context of problems.” the shift away from indeterminate sentencing, • Research on Drug which occurred about the Courts: A Critical Review same time strong, empirically www.casacolumbia.org/ based evidence of the link usr_doc/researchondrug between drugs and crime and .pdf the efficacy of treatment was coming to light.” Treatment Alternatives in the Criminal Court: A • Rebirth of Rehabilita- Process Evaluation of the tion: Promise and Perils Bronx County Drug of Drug Courts Court (VIJ 2001). This is a

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

report on the implementa- • Treatment Services in tion evaluation of the Bronx Adult Drug Courts: Treatment Court in its first Report on the 1999 18 months of operation. National Drug Court Treatment Survey • Treatment Alternatives www.ncjrs.org/txtfiles1/ in the Criminal Court ojp/188086.txt www.vera.org/publicatio ns/publications_2c.asp? What We Know About publication_id=19&publ the Impact of Drug ication_content_id=58& Courts (CJRI 2000). This is section_id=16&project_i the testimony of John S. d=&sub_section_id=5 Goldkamp, Professor of Criminal Justice, Temple Treatment Services in University, before the Senate Adult Drug Courts: Re- Judiciary Committee on port on the 1999 National Youth Violence, in which he Drug Court Treatment reviewed the impacts of drug Survey (OJP 2001). “The courts and research into their results of this national survey effectiveness. show clearly that treatment services designed for and • What We Know About used by drug courts comport the Impact of Drug with scientifically established Courts principles of treatment effec- www.cjri.com/pdf/testi tiveness. . . . The standards mony.pdf promulgated in these documents present succinct de- DRUG LAWS scriptions of treatment deliv- Color Test Reagents/Kits ery methods that have been for Preliminary Identifi- effective with offender and cation of Drugs of Abuse other populations and serve NIJ Standard-0604.01 as a guide to present survey (NIJ 2000) “The purpose of findings in the context of ef- this standard is to establish fective professional prac- minimum requirements for tices.” color test reagent/kits to de-

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

tect drugs of abuse and Drug Offense Cases in methods of testing the re- Juvenile Courts 1989- agents to determine compli- 1998 (OJJDP 2001). “This ance with those require- Fact Sheet discusses drug ments. This standard applies abuse violations as the to field-testing kits that con- criminal offense category sist of color test reagents for with the highest arrest rate in the preliminary identification 1999.” of drugs of abuse in their pure and/or diluted forms. It • Drug Offense Cases in does not apply to kits that Juvenile Courts 1989- use thin layer chromatogra- 1998 phy as the identification pro- www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ cedure nor to kits that iden- ojjdp/fs200136.pdf tify drugs in body fluids.” Drug Policy Project (King • Color Test Reagents/Kits County Bar Association, WA for Preliminary 2001). The goal of the Project Identification of Drugs is to find the best long-term of Abuse NIJ Standard- approach to controlling drug 0604.01 abuse. They have issued sev- www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ eral reports, including one on nij/183258.pdf Use of Criminal Sanctions.

Drug and Crime Facts • Drug Policy Project (BJS 2001) summarizes U.S. www.kcba.org/drug_law statistics about drug-related /druglaw_index.htm crimes, law enforcement, • Use of Criminal courts, and corrections from Sanctions a variety of sources. www.kcba.org/drug_law /criminal.htm • Drug and Crime Facts www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/ Drug Use and Justice: An dcf/contents.htm Examination of Califor- nia Drug Policy En- forcement (Justice Policy

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

Institute 2000). This report be served for the period 1984 examined the results of years through 1999.” of increasing arrests and prison sentences for drug • Federal Drug Offenders, related offenses in California 1999 With Trends, 1984- and the impact of drug 1999 enforcement policy on the www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/a crime rate. bstract/fdo99.htm

• Drug Use and Justice: Punishment and Preju- An Examination of dice: Racial Disparities California Drug Policy in the War on Drugs Enforcement (HRW 2000) is a statistical www.cjcj.org/cadrug/ca study showing the disparate drug.html impact of drug laws and sentences based on race. Federal Drug Offenders, 1999 With Trends, 1984- • Punishment and Preju- 1999 (BJS 2001). “Describes dice: Racial Disparities offenders investigated for in the War on Drugs and charged with Federal www.hrw.org/reports/2 drug offenses during 1999. 000/usa/ This report includes statistics describing type of drug in- “Stupid and Irrational volved in the offense, crimi- and Barbarous”: New nal history of defendants York Judges Speak charged, demographic char- Against the Rockefeller acteristics of defendants Drug Laws (CANY 2001). charged, defendants' role in “More and more judges are the drug conspiracy, and adding their critical voices to sentences imposed. Also in- the debate about the man- cluded are statistics describ- datory sentencing provisions ing the change in the number of the Rockefeller Drug Laws. of suspects investigated, The following is a sample of prosecuted, proportion sen- what some have said over the tenced to prison, and time to years about these statutes

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

when they have had to apply portal.” them in trial court or in the appellate courts. The report • Trace Detection of Nar- concludes with relevant cotics Using a Precon- comments judges have made centrator/Ion Mobility about these laws in settings Spectrometer System outside the courtroom.” www.ncjrs.org/txtfiles1/ nij/187111.txt • “Stupid and Irrational and Barbarous”: New DWI York Judges Speak Horizontal Gaze Nys- Against the Rockefeller tagmus the Science and Drug Laws the Law: A Resource www.droptherock.org/J Guide for Judges, Prose- udges_Report.htm cutors, and Law En- forcement (NHTSA 2001). Trace Detection of Nar- “[T]his guide provides an cotics Using a Precon- overview of the science sup- centrator/Ion Mobility porting the [Horizontal Gaze Spectrometer System Nystagmus] HGN test as a (NIJ 2001). “This report dis- valid indicator of impair- cusses work performed in the ment, distinguishes between area of trace drug detection. . HGN and other forms of . . The overall goal of these nystagmus, and provides the studies was to investigate the necessary tools to establish efficacy of the preconcentra- admissibility of the HGN test tor in the general field of in court.” drug detection. In addition, it was hoped to make an initial • Horizontal Gaze Nystag- determination concerning mus the Science and the the feasibility of a trace drug Law: A Resource Guide detection portal for person- for Judges, Prosecutors, nel screening that would op- and Law Enforcement erate on the same principles www.nhtsa.dot.gov/peop as the explosives detection le/injury/enforce/nystag mus/

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

State Alcohol Law is a da- 2001) contains New Jersey’s tabase of state laws con- newly adopted rules for concerning the distribution, ducting identification pro- taxation, sale, and consump- ceedings based on federal tion of alcoholic beverages guidelines, including the use including criminal and civil of sequential lineups. liability. The site is maintained by the Alcohol Epide- • Attorney General Guide- miology Program at the Uni- lines for Preparing and versity of Minnesota, Min- Conducting Photo and neapolis. Live Lineup Identifica- tion Procedures • State Alcohol Law www.state.nj.us/lps/dcj/ www.epi.umn.edu/enact agguide/photoid.pdf ed/ Eyewitness Evidence: A EXPERTS Guide for Law Enforce- CPA Directory (CPA ment (NIJ 1999) is intended Directory.com). This is one of to provide local law enforce- the largest CPA directories ment with recommendations on the web. Information for improving the accuracy about licensure, accounting and fairness of identification news and related resources proceedings, including the are also listed here. use of sequential lineups.

• CPA Directory • Eyewitness Evidence: A cpadirectory.com/ Guide for Law Enforcement EYEWITNESS www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ EVIDENCE nij/178240.pdf Attorney General Guide- lines for Preparing and Model Identification Conducting Photo and Rules: An Act to Improve Live Lineup Identifica- the Accuracy of Eyewit- tion Procedures (NJ Dept ness Identification Pro- of Law and Public Safety cedures (American Psychol-

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

ogy Law Society) is a pro- New York and several other posed statute, the Eyewitness participating federal trial Identification Act, intended courts. The search engine to promote accurate identifi- allows users to search by cation of suspects and reduce judge, case number, date, the risk of misidentification case title or full-text. and wrongful conviction. • CourtWeb • Model Identification www.nysd.uscourts.gov/ Rules: An Act to Im- rulings.htm prove the Accuracy of Eyewitness Identifica- U.S. Circuit Court of Ap- tion Procedures peals Search Engine (LII www.unl.edu/ap- 2001). The Legal Information ls/Modelact.htm Institute has created a search engine for its collection of FEDERAL COURTS federal circuit court deci- Courts Shift to E-Filings sions. Courts may be Federal Computer Week, De- searched individually or in cember 5, 2001 discusses the toto. The scope of the collec- new rules that permit plead- tion varies from cases begin- ings to be filed in federal ning in 1992 for the Fifth Cir- court electronically, includ- cuit to the most current deci- ing email. sions from all the circuits.

• Courts Shift to E-Filings • U.S. Circuit Court of www.fcw.com/fcw/articl Appeals Search Engine es/2001/1203/web- www.law.cornell.edu:99 courts-12-05-01.asp 99/USCA- ALL/results.html CourtWeb (USDC) is a free • Legal Information court sponsored service that Institute at Cornell provides access to select University School of Law federal district court www.law.cornell.edu decisions from the Southern and Northern Districts of

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

U.S. Supreme Court. This • Reversible Errors 1995- is the official United States 1999 Supreme Court site on which www.crimelynx.com/00 they post their most recent errors.html full text opinions as well as administrative information. United States Attorney's Manual (DOJ 2001) is the • U.S. Supreme Court official handbook of federal www.supremecourtus.go prosecutors. The online v version is searchable and each title is downloadable. It FEDERAL PRACTICE contains general policies and Federal Grand Jury is a some procedures relevant to resource page created by two the work of the United States law professors who are ex- Attorneys' offices and to their perts on how federal grand relations with the legal divi- juries operate and the role sions, investigative agencies, they play in federal law en- and other components within forcement. It includes links the Department of Justice. to information on New York Most notable for practitio- grand jury practice. ners is Title 9: Criminal Divi- sion. • Federal Grand Jury www.udayton.edu/~gra • United States Attorney’s ndjur/ Manual www.usdoj.gov/usao/eo Reversible Errors 1995- usa/foia_reading_room 2000 (Editor: Alexander /usam/index.htm Bunin, Federal Public De- • Title 9: Criminal fender Northern New York Division and Vermont). This is a well- www.usdoj.gov/usao/eo organized collection of court usa/foia_reading_room decisions in which a criminal /usam/title9/title9.htm defendant received relief from a U.S. Court of Appeals or the U.S. Supreme Court.

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

FEDERAL SENTENCING Sentencing Decisions of Federal Sentencing the Second Circuit Guideline Manual (USSC (Mischel, Neuman and Horn 2001). This web site contains 2001) is a new newsletter the contents of the complete published by a private firm, official federal sentencing Mischel, Neuman and Horn, guidelines. Supplements and which contains summaries of updates can be found on the recent decisions and is United States Sentencing organized by topic. Commission web site. • Sentencing Decisions of • 2001 Federal Sentencing the Second Circuit Guideline Manual www.mnhappeals.com/n www.ussc.gov/2001guid ewslett.htm /TABCON01.htm • United States Sentencing Sentencing Guidelines: Commission Reflections on the Future www.ussc.gov (NIJ 2001). This report is a review and evaluation of the Federal Sentencing sentencing guidelines move- Guideline Materials ment. It considers the inter- (Whitehorse Solutions 2001) action of the guidelines with Whitehorse Solutions sells current concepts such as re- software for calculating sen- storative justice and get- tences under the Federal tough on crime policies. Guidelines. In addition, their web site contains many full • Sentencing Guidelines: text documents related to the Reflections on the federal sentencing laws. Future www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ • Federal Sentencing nij/186480.pdf Guidelines Materials www.whitehorsesolution FORENSICS s.com/fsglaw/ Best Practices for Seizing Electronic Evidence (U.S. Secret Service 2001) This is a

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

manual designed to assist States Department of Justice law enforcement in under- has created a web site with standing the basics of han- resources devoted to investi- dling and preserving elec- gating computer crime, in- tronic evidence. cluding Federal Guidelines for Searching and Seizing • Best Practices for Seizing Computers. Electronic Evidence www.treas.gov/usss/ind • Computer Crime and ex.htm?electronic_evide Intellectual Property nce.htm&1 Section www.cybercrime.gov/ Biometrics Catalog (NIJ • Federal Guidelines for 2001). Biometrics are auto- Searching and Seizing mated methods of recogniz- Computers ing a person based on www.cybercrime.gov/sea physiological or behavioral rching.html characteristics, e.g., fingerprinting, retinal scan, face Crime Scene Investiga- and voice recognition. The tion: A Guide for Law En- Biometrics Catalog was de- forcement (NIJ 1999) is a veloped as a service to the guide intended for use by law biometrics community and as enforcement and others who part of the Counterdrug have responsibility for pro- Technology Information tecting crime scenes, pre- Network. It can be searched serving physical evidence, using multiple fields or key- and collecting and submit- word. ting the evidence for scientific examination. • Biometrics Catalog www.biometricscatalog.o • Crime Scene Investiga- rg/ tion: A Guide for Law Enforcement Computer Crime and In- www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ tellectual Property Sec- nij/178280.pdf tion (DOJ). The United

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

Death Investigation: A Fingerprints: The Ori- Guide for the Scene In- gins of Crime Detection vestigator (NIJ 1999) is a and the Murder Case set of standards to provide a That Launched Forensic uniform approach for homi- Science (Hyperion 2001) cide investigations. and Suspect Identities: A History of Fingerprinting • Death Investigation: A and Criminal Identifica- Guide for the Scene In- tion (Harvard University vestigator Press 2001) are two books on ncjrs.org/pdffiles/16756 the history and development 8.pdf of fingerprint identification. The latter book contains a Electronic Crime Scene chapter, “Fraud, Fabrication, Investigation: A Guide and False Positives,” about for First Responders (NIJ the reliability and quality of 2001). “The law enforcement fingerprint evidence. response to electronic evidence requires that officers, • Fingerprints: The Ori- investigators, forensic ex- gins of Crime Detection aminers, and managers all and the Murder Case play a role. This document That Launched Forensic serves as a guide for the first Science (Publisher’s Site) responder. A first responder www.hyperionbooks.co may be responsible for the m/books/2001spring/fin recognition, collection, pres- gerprints.htm ervation, transportation, • Fingerprints: The Ori- and/or storage of electronic gins of Crime Detection evidence.” and the Murder Case That Launched Forensic • Electronic Crime Scene Science (Author Site) Investigation: A Guide www.fingerprintbook.co for First Responders m/ www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ • Suspect Identities: A nij/187736.pdf History of Fingerprint- ing and Criminal Identi-

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

fication Handbook contains the www.hup.harvard.edu/N procedures and policies for ewsroom/pr_suspect_id identifying, collecting and ent.htm preserving forensic evidence. It also includes information Fire and Arson Scene about the tests conducted by Evidence: A Guide for the FBI Laboratory. Public Safety Personnel (NIJ 2000) discusses proce- • Handbook of Forensic dures for locating and pre- Services serving evidence in fire and www.fbi.gov/hq/lab/han arson investigations. dbook/intro.htm

• Fire and Arson Scene National Conference on Evidence: A Guide for Science and the Law Pro- Public Safety Personnel ceedings (NIJ 2000). Scien- www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ tists, attorneys, and judges, nij/181584.pdf address the relationship between science and law. Guide for Explosion and Bombing Scene Investi- • National Conference on gation (NIJ 2000) is a de- Science and the Law scription of the proper pro- www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ cedures to be followed in lo- nij/179630.pdf cating and collecting evidence at the site of an explo- Resource Guide to Law sion. Enforcement, Correc- tions and Forensics • Guide for Explosion and Technologies (NIJ 2001). Bombing Scene Investi- “The Guide is designed for gation local administrators who www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ need a ready reference to nij/181869.pdf help them make informed decisions when acquiring Handbook of Forensic current and emerging tech- Services (FBI 1999). This nologies.”

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

• Resource Guide to Law gency departments for medi- Enforcement, Correc- cal care and forensic evi- tions and Forensics dence collection.” Technologies www.ncjrs.org/txtfiles1/ • Sexual Assault Nurse Ex- nij/186822.txt aminer (SANE) Pro- grams Science, Technology and www.ojp.usdoj.gov/ovc/ the Law Resource Center publications/bulletins/s (NCSC 2001). The National ane_4_2001/welcome.h Center for State Courts tml created a resource center to assist judges, law clerks, and FORMS court staff in addressing FedForms (FirstGov) is a state-of-the art science and site that collects links to the technology issues reflected in most commonly requested the cases on their dockets. government agency forms. Federal forms not available • Science, Technology and here can be found through the Law Resource Center links to other sites appearing www.ncsc.dni.us/RESEA on FedForms. Forms can be RCH/ST&L/index.html searched by agency or keyword with direct links to the Sexual Assault Nurse Ex- host site. aminer (SANE) Pro- grams (OVC 2001). “A • FedForms SANE is a registered nurse www.fedforms.gov/ (R.N.) who has advanced education and clinical prepa- U.S. Court Forms ration in forensic examina- (American Legalnet 2001) is tion of sexual assault victims a service that offers access to . . . Those who work with thousands of federal and sexual assault victims have state government forms for long recognized that victims free. Interactive forms are are often retraumatized when also available for subscribers they come to hospital emer- to the service for a fee. For

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

more information, read Italian and Portuguese and Company Moves to Capitalize vice versa. on E-Filing, Federal Com- puter Week, February 26, • L and H Online Transla- 2001. tions translate.lhsl.com/ • U.S. Court Forms • Lernout and Hauspie www.uscourtforms.com/ www.lhsl.com/default2. • Company Moves to htm Capitalize on E-Filing www.civic.com/civic/arti Language Line Services cles/2001/0226/web- offers phone access to trans- court-02-26-01.asp lators in over 140 languages. They have experience work- IMMIGRATION ing in different settings in- Asylumlaw.org is devoted cluding the criminal justice to helping lawyers prepare system. As part of the Inter- asylum cases. This site con- preting Justice Partnership tains legal news, forms, between Language Line and briefs, referrals and many the National Legal Aid and more resources. Defender Association (NLADA) special • Asylumlaw.org subscription pricing is www.asylumlaw.org/ available.

INTERPRETERS • Language Line Services L and H Online Transla- www.languageline.com tions, featured on Microsoft • National Legal Aid and Office Update, is a software Defender Association translating program www.nlada.org provided by Lernout and Hauspie, who create and WordReference is an market translation software Internet tool for translating products that will convert Spanish, French, Italian and English text to French, German words into English. German, Japanese, Spanish, Dictionary tools for each lan-

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

guage can be inserted into a • Social Security Death In- web browser as a link button, dex then any highlighted word on www.ancestry.com/searc a web page can be translated h/rectype/vital/ssdi/mai into English. n.htm • Ancestry.com • WordReference www.ancestry.com www.wordreference.com /english/InstallIEnew.ht JURY INSTRUCTIONS m ForeCite: Criminal Jury Instructions Products INVESTIGATIVE TOOLS and Materials. ForeCite John E. Reid and Associ- contains an assortment of ates is a private investigation resources on jury instruc- and consulting service that tions and new developments, posts valuable articles about along with information about investigation and interroga- their CD-ROM products, tion techniques. including Electronic Jury Instruction Practice Manual • John E. Reid and Associ- for Criminal Law ates Practitioners in Every State www.reid.com/materials and Federal Jurisdiction. -tip-mar01.html • ForeCite: Criminal Jury Social Security Death In- Instructions Products dex, accessible through and Materials Ancestry.com, offers a data- www.juryinstructions.co base with information pro- m/criminal_home_page vided by the Social Security .htm Administration through the • Electronic Jury Instruc- end of September 2001 and tion Practice Manual for contains 66,668,463 names. Criminal Law Practitio- Its search options include ners in Every State and date of birth and last known Federal Jurisdiction residence. www.juryinstructions.co m/50_plus_home.htm

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

Presumption of Inno- groundwork for prevention cence and Proof Beyond programs. a Reasonable Doubt (OCA 2000) are the latest versions • Appropriate and Effec- of the revisions to the New tive Use of Security York Criminal Jury Technologies in U.S. Instructions. Schools www.ncjrs.org/school/h • Presumption of Inno- ome.html cence and Proof Beyond a Reasonable Doubt Breaking the Juvenile www.courts.state.ny.us/ Drug-Crime Cycle (NIJ cji/bard.html 2001). This report “summarizes existing knowledge What is the Law? - Find- about programs designed to ing Jury Instructions intervene in the juvenile LLRX, November 15, 2000 is drug-crime cycle and, based an article describing the on that knowledge, identifies sources for civil and criminal interventions that published jury instructions in various research judges to offer the states available on the web. best chances for success. It also provides guidelines and • What is the Law? - Find- recommendations for devel- ing Jury Instructions oping a comprehensive juve- www.llrx.com/columns/ nile justice system that can reference19.htm best address the needs of drug-using juvenile offend- JUVENILE JUSTICE ers.” Appropriate and Effec- tive Use of Security • Breaking the Juvenile Technologies in U.S. Drug-Crime Cycle Schools (NIJ 1999). This www.ncjrs.org/txtfiles1/ report responded to the need nij/186156.txt to provide schools with research into the causes of Changing the PINS Sys- school violence and to lay the tem in New York (VIJ

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

2001). “This study examines • Delinquency Cases in Ju- the strengths and weaknesses venile Courts, 1998 of the current Persons in www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ Need of Supervision (PINS) ojjdp/fs200131.pdf system and provides the first comprehensive projections of Delinquency Cases how many more children will Waived to Criminal enter under the new law.” Court, 1989-1998 (OJJDP 2001). “This Fact Sheet pre- • Changing the PINS Sys- sents estimates of the num- tem in New York ber of cases transferred from www.vera.org/publicatio juvenile court to criminal ns/publications_2c.asp? court through the judicial publication_id=130&pu waiver mechanism between blication_content_id=15 1989 and 1998. These esti- 5§ion_id=16&projec mates are based on data from t_id=&sub_section_id= nearly 2,100 jurisdictions, 5 representing almost 70% of the U.S. juvenile population Delinquency Cases in Ju- (youth age 10 through the venile Courts, 1998 upper age of original juvenile (OJJDP 2001). “Presents court jurisdiction in each statistics related to delin- State).” quency cases processed by U.S. juvenile courts in 1998. • Delinquency Cases Drawing on data from almost Waived to Criminal 2,100 courts with jurisdiction Court, 1989-1998 over nearly 70 percent of the www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ U.S. juvenile population, this ojjdp/fs200135.pdf Fact Sheet highlights various aspects of delinquency cases, Florida Experiment: An including gender, age, race, Analysis of the Impact of detention, intake, waiver, Granting Prosecutors and adjudication and dispo- Discretion to Try Juve- sition.” niles as Adults (Justice Policy Institute 1999).

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

Florida ranks highest among changed is our response to states that try juveniles as their behavior.” adults and many are ques- tioning the wisdom of vesting • Justice by Gender: The that discretionary choice with Lack of Appropriate Pre- the prosecutor. vention, Diversion and Treatment Alternatives • Florida Experiment: An for Girls in the Juvenile Analysis of the Impact of Justice System Granting Prosecutors www.abanet.org/crimjus Discretion to Try Juve- t/juvjus/girls.html niles as Adults www.cjcj.org/florida/ Juvenile Arrests 1999 (OJJDP 2000) “Provides a Justice by Gender: The summary and analysis of na- Lack of Appropriate Pre- tional and State juvenile ar- vention, Diversion and rest data reported in the Treatment Alternatives FBI's October 2000 report, for Girls in the Juvenile Crime in the United States, Justice System (ABA 2001) 1999.” is a report on the current state of girls in the juvenile • Juvenile Arrests 1999 justice system and a starting www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ point for a dialogue on the ojjdp/185236.pdf specific issues they face. “A fundamental issue underly- Juveniles Facing Crimi- ing this report is whether the nal Sanctions: Three growth in the number of girls States That Changed the in the delinquency system is Rules (OJJDP 2000). This is a result of an increase in their a federal study of the juvenile violent and aggressive be- justice systems in three havior. Although further re- states, Wisconsin, New search into this proposition Mexico, and Minnesota, is required, preliminary which highlights the need for studies suggest that what has change.

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

• Juveniles Facing Crimi- cles and resources about nal Sanctions: Three violence among school age States That Changed the children. Rules ojjdp.ncjrs.org/pubs/181 • Kids and Violence: A 203 Resource Guide www.msnbc.com/news/ Juveniles in Adult Pris- 297184.asp ons and Jails (BJA 2000). “This report provides data Mental Health Initiatives that are critical for an effec- (OJJDP 2001). “Researchers tive response to the growing at Northwestern University number of juveniles being Medical School in Chicago, housed in adult jails and IL, have been studying alco- prisons. This report docu- hol, drug, and mental disor- ments the number of youth ders among a large sample of in adult facilities as of 1998, juvenile detainees in the their demographic and of- Cook County Detention fense characteristics, the le- Center in Chicago since No- gal and administrative proc- vember 1995. With funding esses by which such com- from OJJDP, other Federal mitments are permitted, the agencies, and private foun- issues faced by adult correc- dations, a longitudinal com- tional systems in managing ponent was added to this juveniles, and the conditions study in November 1998.” of juveniles confined in adult facilities.” • Mental Health Initiatives www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ • Juveniles in Adult ojjdp/fs200130.pdf Prisons and Jails www.ncjrs.org/txtfiles1/ National Study Com- bja/182503.txt paring the Environments of Boot Camps With Tra- Kids and Violence: A Re- ditional Facilities for Ju- source Guide (MSNBC venile Offenders (NIJ 1999) is a collection of arti- 2001). “The focus of the

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

study described here was to adult criminal courts. It uses compare boot camps with the experiences of defenders more traditional facilities by across the country to identify measuring conditions of the key elements of defender institutional environment.” programs that effectively meet the needs of transferred • National Study Compar- children.” ing the Environments of Boot Camps With Tradi- • Providing Effective Rep- tional Facilities for Ju- resentation for Youth venile Offenders Prosecuted as Adults www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ nij/187680.pdf bja/182502.pdf

No Minor Matter: Chil- Restorative Justice Con- dren in Maryland's Jails ferences as an Early Re- (HRW 1999). The problems sponse to Young Offend- of housing juvenile offenders ers. (OJJDP 2001). “De- in adult detention facilities scribes restorative justice and the overall policy of conferencing, a promising treating minors as adults is form of early intervention for addressed in this report. very young offenders that brings together an offending • No Minor Matter: Chil- youth, his or her victim, and dren in Maryland's Jails supporters of both the of- www.hrw.org/reports/19 fender and victim with a 99/maryland trained facilitator.”

Providing Effective Rep- • Restorative Justice Con- resentation for Youth ferences as an Early Re- Prosecuted as Adults sponse to Young Offend- (BJA 2000). “This bulletin ers describes successes in public www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ defenders' attempts to pro- ojjdp/187769.pdf vide high-quality representation to youth prosecuted in

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

Study of Juvenile Trans- (or coparticipants) in any fers to Criminal Court in ‘justice’ process—the victim, Florida (OJJDP 2001). “The the offender, and the com- project is assessing the im- munity . . . . Four focus pact of transfer laws and groups were held during the practices, including the ef- spring and summer of 1997, fectiveness of using transfer bringing together a total of as a crime control strategy.” 20 juvenile court judges and 18 crime victims to hear each • Study of Juvenile Trans- other's perspectives about fers to Criminal Court in problems in juvenile court.” Florida www.ncjrs.org/txtfiles1/f • Victims, Judges, and Ju- s99113.txt venile Court Reform Through Restorative Victims, Judges, and Ju- Justice venile Court Reform www.ojp.usdoj.gov/ovc/ Through Restorative Jus- publications/bulletins/vj tice (OVC 2000). “For years, j_10_2000_2/welcome. the juvenile justice system html has focused one dimension- ally on the needs and risks of Youth in the Criminal offenders. As a result, the Justice System: Guide- criminal justice system does lines for Policymakers not currently offer victims a and Practitioners (ABA 'level playing field.' Today, Criminal Justice Section most juvenile justice systems 2001). These guidelines are need to give first and primary intended to cover the policy, attention to increasing their procedural, and program- responsiveness to the needs matic implications of juve- of crime victims. One way to niles being transferred to the accomplish this is for juve- adult criminal justice system. nile justice systems to adopt and apply the principles of • Youth in the Criminal restorative justice, which Justice System: Guide- recognizes three stakeholders lines for Policymakers

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

and Practitioners www.law.com/cgi- www.abanet.org/crimjus bin/gx.cgi/AppLogic+FT t/pubs/reports/index.ht ContentServer?pagenam ml e=law/View&c=Article& cid=ZZZ1WHCQJRC&liv LAW OFFICE e=true&cst=6&pc=0&pa MANAGEMENT =0&s=News&ExpIgnore Disaster/Business-Re- =true&showsummary=0 covery Planning - Is Your Firm Ready?, New York Every Firm Needs an Law Journal, November 5, Emergency Plan, Lex- 2001 is an article that isONE, September 14, 2001 outlines basic preparation reviews the steps a law firm and guidelines for can take to develop and im- weathering catastrophes plement a plan to weather while minimizing interrup- the unexpected. tion of service to clients. • Every Firm Needs an • Disaster/Business- Emergency Plan Recovery Planning - Is www.lexisone.com/pract Your Firm Ready? icemanagement/pmlibra www6.law.com/lawcom/ ry/pm091401a.html displayid.cfm?statename =NY&docnum=94459&t Five Myths of Case Man- able=news&flag=full agement, American Lawyer Media, November 19, 2001 Do You Know What You explores common miscon- Know?, AmTech Law, Sep- ceptions about the capabili- tember 19, 2001 is a discus- ties of case management sion on the value of knowl- systems. It then considers edge management to law important points in devel- firms and a plan for creating oping a system that will meet a chief knowledge officer. expectations.

• Do You Know What You • Five Myths of Case Know? Management

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

www.law.com/cgi- =0&s=News&ExpIgnore bin/gx.cgi/AppLogic+FT =true&showsummary=0 ContentServer?pagenam e=law/View&c=Article& Law Office Policy and cid=ZZZQN4LJ1UC&live Procedures Manual (ABA =true&cst=6&pc=0&pa= 4th ed. 2000) is a resource 0&s=News&ExpIgnore= manual that provides true&showsummary=0 information and forms for basic law office operating Focus on Function, policies and procedures. It American Bar Association includes a diskette with all Journal, November 2001 of- the essential forms from the fers insights into law firm manual. The new edition also design that works along includes sections on: sexual functional lines and organ- harassment; support staff izes office technology around responsibilities; personnel specific areas of practice. policies and benefits; Internet and video sur- • Focus on Function veillance; and disaster recov- www.abanet.org/journal ery among other things. /nov01/tkdave.html • Law Office Policy and Judgment Day, Legal Procedures Manual Times, December 12, 2001 is www.abanet.org/lpm/ca an analysis of common pit- talog/511-0441.html falls facing decision makers and ways to avoid them. LegalBiz Online is a new web-based magazine • Judgment Day launched by Martindale- www.law.com/cgi- Hubbell that features articles bin/gx.cgi/AppLogic+FT on legal marketing, law li- ContentServer?pagenam braries, legal administration, e=law/View&c=Article& law practice management, cid=ZZZ1ZCPKOUC&liv and new uses of technology e=true&cst=1&pc=0&pa in legal offices.

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

• LegalBiz Online an article that describes www.martindale.com/xp techniques for effectively /Martindale/Professiona communicating with and l_Resources/LegalBiz_O counseling clients in clear nline/legalbiz_online.x understandable language. ml • Writing for Clients New York State Office of www.lexisone.com/profe General Services' Pro- ssionaldevelopment/pdli curement Services offers brary/pd102301d.html information concerning state contract awards and price LAW OFFICE structure for offices eligible TECHNOLOGY to receive services at state Adobe Acrobat Legal contract rates. Solutions is a compilation of resources about Adobe's • New York State Office of latest PDF software, version General Services' 5.0, and its many applica- Procurement Services tions to legal practice, in- www.ogs.state.ny.us/pur cluding electronic filing. chase/default.asp • Adobe Acrobat Legal Virtual Law Office: The Solutions Busy Attorney's Guide, www.adobe.com/produc LLRX, October 15, 2001 dis- ts/acrobat/legalsolution cusses various techniques for s.html attorneys who plan to work remotely or at home. Battle of the Software Giants, Redux (July 16, • Virtual Law Office: The 2001). Collection of articles Busy Attorney's Guide from Law.com reviewing and www.llrx.com/features/v comparing the latest versions irtuallawoffice.htm of Microsoft Office and Corel's WordPerfect Office. Writing for Clients, Lex- isONE, October 23, 2001, is

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

• Battle of the Software Adobe PDF files. Free trial Giants, Redux and subscription information www.law.com/cgi- are available. bin/gx.cgi/AppLogic+FT ContentServer?pagenam • Create Adobe PDF e=law/View&c=Article& Online cid=ZZZYONU94PC&liv createpdf.adobe.com/in e=true&cst=6&pc=0&pa dex.pl/2448929265.718 =0&s=News&ExpIgnore 46?BP=IE =true&showsummary=0 • Law.com Data Recovery, LexisONE, www.law.com/index.ht September 25, 2001 is an ar- ml ticle that describes practices and procedures for safe- CNET Reviews 5 Online guarding and restoring law Answering Services pre- office computer files. sents a critical overview of unified messaging services • Data Recovery that combine email ad- www.lexisone.com/pract dresses, fax numbers and icemanagement/pmlibra voice mail into one account. ry/pm092501b.html These services offer a range of options for consolidating Davis Polk Unplugged, messages from different ac- AmTech Law, December 3, counts into one place that 2001 reviews the results of can be accessed online. The American Lawyer's annual law firm technology • CNET Reviews 5 Online survey, Tech Scorecard: Answering Services Associates Rank Their Firms. www.cnet.com/software It ranked law firms according /0-3227887-8-4797241- to the associates' views of of- 1.html fice technology, training, support and benefits to cli- Create Adobe PDF Online ents. is a web-based service to convert documents into

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

• Davis Polk Unplugged soft, Adobe, Intuit and Auto- www.law.com/cgi- Desk. bin/gx.cgi/AppLogic+FT ContentServer?pagenam • FreeAnswers.com e=law/View&c=Article& www.freeanswers.com/ cid=ZZZVOL3LKUC&liv e=true&cst=6&pc=0&pa GoToMyPC is a web-based =0&s=News&ExpIgnore tool for accessing computer =true&showsummary=0 files from any location. For a • Tech Scorecard: Associ- monthly fee, users can con- ates Rank Their Firms nect with their office or home www.law.com/special/pr computers through a web ofessionals/2001/tech_s browser at another location. corecard.html A review of this product and comparison to similar tools, Finjan is a computer secu- such as PCAnywhere, can be rity software company that found at CNET Review. offers free web-based tests to illustrate the vulnerability of • GoToMyPC office computers. They sell a www.gotomypc.com/ line of products designed to • PCAnywhere protect networks and web www.symantec.com/pca users against malicious codes nywhere/ and viruses that can enter • CNET Review through the web browser. swreviews.netscape.com /software/0-5421322-8- • Finjan 6601682- www.finjan.com/mcrc/t 2.html?tag=st.sw.542132 est.cfm 2-8-6601682- 1.arrow.5421322-8- FreeAnswers.com enables 6601682-2 users to solve computer-related problems by asking How Not to Commit Mal- questions in everyday lan- practice With Your Com- guage. It provides access to puter, LexisONE, Septem- knowledge bases from Micro- ber 25, 2001 describes issues

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

related to computer security, Keeping Pace With the data protection, secure email Changing Technology communications and other Scene, LLRX, September 3, facets of maintaining confi- 2001 is a thorough review of dential and quality work web sites offering current product in the law office. awareness information on developments in law-related • How Not to Commit technology. Malpractice With Your Computer • Keeping Pace With the www.lexisone.com/pract Changing Technology icemanagement/pmlibra Scene ry/pm092601a.html www.llrx.com/columns/ notes43.htm Instant Messages Catch On in Legal Circles, Law Office Software Cen- American Lawyer Media, ter is part of LexisONE's September 17, 2001 describes Legal Internet Guide. It con- the benefits of instant mes- tains links to many useful saging for cooperation and products ranging from case support among legal, support management to litigation staff and outside experts and support. consultants. It also increases access to the office for law- • Law Office Software yers on the road. Center www.lexisone.com/legal • Instant Messages Catch research/legalguide/law On in Legal Circles _office_software/law_of www.law.com/cgi- fice_software_index.ht bin/gx.cgi/AppLogic+FT m ContentServer?pagenam • Legal Internet Guide e=law/View&c=Article& www.lexisone.com/legal cid=ZZZR2K8HJRC&liv research/legalguide/lega e=true&cst=6&pc=0&pa l_guide_index.html =0&s=News&ExpIgnore =true&showsummary=0

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

Learn2Type is a web site • No Need for Acrobat-ics: that can measure your typing 3 New Ways to Create ability and provide lessons PDF Files for learning or improving www.zdnet.com/anchor touch-typing skills. This ser- desk/stories/story/0,107 vice is free. 38,2818436,00.html

• Learn2Type Palm Computing for Le- www.learn2type.com/Ty gal Professionals, LLRX, pingTest August 1, 2001. Legal technology expert Dennis NetPost Mailing Online is Kennedy discusses the a new service from the advantages of using Palm United States Post Office for Pilots for lawyers. He also sending mail, including cer- includes a list of tips for tified mail through the web. making the best use of them. Federal Files Go Digital Via Post Office, PC World, Janu- • Palm Computing for Le- ary 16, 2001. gal Professionals www.llrx.com/features/ • NetPost Mailing Online pda3.htm www.usps.gov/mailingo nline/ PCPitstop, in association • Federal Files Go Digital with PC World, offers a free Via Post Office self-diagnostic test to meas- www.pcworld.com/news ure your computer's effi- /article.asp?aid=38763 ciency. It also provides articles and links about services No Need for Acrobat-ics: and products for improving 3 New Ways to Create computer performance. PDF Files, ZDNet, October 19, 2001 describes three in- • PCPitstop expensive shareware tools for www.pcpitstop.com/ creating PDF files and converting documents into PDF.

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

Speaking Naturally to TechSoup is nonprofit tech- Our Computers, Law Of- nology assistance organiza- fice Technology Review, Oc- tion whose mission is to tober 1, 2001 is a survey of provide information and speech recognition software resources for nonprofit products for the law office. organizations. The site contains links to discounted • Speaking Naturally to software and hardware Our Computers products, information on www.law.com/cgi- training, consulting, funding bin/gx.cgi/AppLogic+FT and many other usefully ContentServer?pagenam topics. e=law/View&c=Article& cid=ZZZWIMZV0SC&liv • TechSoup e=true&cst=6&pc=0&pa techsoup.org/ =0&s=News&ExpIgnore =true&showsummary=0 What to Do With a Problem Computer Start With a Scanner, Law (Consumer Reports 2001) is Technology News, October an online resource guide for 15, 2001 is an overview of computer users. It provides document conversion and its advice, strategy, information, benefits for organizing office and tools for evaluating and files and protecting against fixing computer problems. disaster. • What to Do With a • Start With a Scanner Problem Computer www.law.com/cgi- www.consumerreports.o bin/gx.cgi/AppLogic+FT rg/main/detail.jsp?CON ContentServer?pagenam TENT%3C%3Ecnt_id=8 e=law/View&c=Article& 4767&FOLDER%3C%3E cid=ZZZ8USLPNSC&liv folder_id=84747&bmUI e=true&cst=6&pc=0&pa D=1009395526200 =0&s=News&ExpIgnore =true&showsummary=0

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

LEGAL RESEARCH one citation style for all Adventures of an On- documents. The book is in Line Litigator, Erie County use in nearly 100 law schools. Bar Bulletin, June 2000. Written by Glenn Edward • ALWD Citation Manual Murray, author of Collateral www.alwd.org/cm/index Consequences of Criminal .htm Conduct (NYSBA), this article identifies on-line California Criminal Law. sources used by the author in Boalt Hall School of Law has recent cases that show the launched a new full-text web value of Internet resources enabled periodical into the and e-mail. This article small pool of law reviews illustrates practical uses in concerning criminal law. Its criminal and civil litigation. inaugural issue contains the following articles of interest: • Adventures of an On- Using International Law to Line Litigator Defend the Accused and www.eriebar.org/bulleti Mental Illness and the Death n/june_2000/adventure Penalty. s.html • Glenn Edward Murray • California Criminal Law buffalo.usalawnet.com/p www.boalt.org/CCLR/ rofiles/02135_pp.htm • Using International Law • Collateral Consequences to Defend the Accused of Criminal Conduct www.boalt.org/CCLR/v1 www.nysba.org/cle/clep /v1amannfr.htm ublications/crimconduct • Mental Illness and the .html Death Penalty www.boalt.org/CCLR/v1 ALWD Citation Manual /v1sloboginfr.htm (Association of Legal Writing Directors 2001) is a new Electronic Advance entry into the legal citation Sheets from Lexis-Nexis are guide arena. Touted as a rival email summaries of recent to The Bluebook, it relies on cases based on topic area or

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

jurisdiction (i.e., specific • Findlaw Newsletters state or federal court). Each newsletters.findlaw.com decision includes the case • Findlaw summary found in Lexis www.findlaw.com opinions online with a hy- perlink to the full-text of the First Gov (Office of decision. There is a subscrip- FirstGov 2001) is intended to tion fee. cut government red tape and provide “rapid access to gov- • Electronic Advance ernment information and Sheets services to the public.” www.lexisone.com/adva ncesheets/advsubscribe? • First Gov action=Continue&NextP www.firstgov.com/ age=ASHomePage • Lexis-Nexis Lawyer's Guide to Inter- www.lexis.com net Research, by Kathy Biehl, a columnist for Findlaw Newsletters are LLRX.com and The Internet free email summaries of new Legal Research Newsletter , court opinions from the and Tara Calishain, editor of United States Supreme ResearchBuzz, “is a pioneer- Court, federal circuit courts ing book that leads lawyers, and state courts, such as New paralegals, legal assistants, York, California, Texas and and students through the Florida. Findlaw recently transition from traditional to added legal documents in the Internet research, and news to the list, which are teaches them how to use the complaints and motions filed Internet to do the same work in notable cases. Case sum- that they have been doing for maries are sent to subscrib- years in their offices and li- ers by email and are grouped braries.” by subject area or jurisdiction. • Lawyer's Guide to Inter- net Research www.scarecrowpress.co

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

m/Catalog/SingleBook.s thoritative guide to legal re- html?command=Search sources containing thorough &db=^DB/CATALOG.db descriptions, price informa- &eqSKUdata=08108388 tion and cost saving tips. It is 50 a valuable guide to lawyers • LLRX.com interested in improving or www.llrx.com/ expanding their law libraries. • The Internet Legal Research Newsletter • Legal Information www.netforlawyers.com Buyer’s Guide and Ref- /legal_research_news_a erence Manual 2001 rchive.htm rilawpress.com/ • ResearchBuzz www.researchbuzz.com/ Lexis Pay as You Go is a customized legal research Legal Dictionaries is a option offered by Lexis-Nexis segment of Lexis-Nexis’ free to help lawyers economize in Legal Internet Guide that doing online research. Dif- contains an annotated list of ferent packages are available a various legal lexicons avail- in which the user can choose able for free. They range to pay for access, document widely from dictionaries on retrieval or shepardizing for a international law or divorce day, a week or a month. to the classic Bouvier's Law Dictionary (1856). • Lexis Pay as You Go www.lexisone.com/speci • Legal Dictionaries aloffer/getOffer?action= www.lexisone.com/legal main research/legalguide/des k_references/legal_dicti LexisONE is a legal data- onaries.htm base that is new, current and free. Lexis has created a na- Legal Information tional database of case law Buyer's Guide and Refer- that contains decisions from ence Manual 2001 (Rhode 1996 to the present. A rich Island Law Press) is an au- library of forms and an an-

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

notated legal research guide Martindale-Hubbell's are also available. Read more Law Digest Online is the about it in LexisONE: The web version of the law digest New Internet Resource for that accompanies the printed Small Firm Attorneys and volumes of their directory. It Solos LLRX, July 6, 2000. contains digests of laws from all the states and 80 • LexisONE countries. Access is free. www.lexisone.com/ • LexisONE: The New • Martindale-Hubbell's Internet Resource for Law Digest Online Small Firm Attorneys corporate.martindale.co and Solos m/xp/Corporate/Login/i www.llrx.com/extras/lex ntroduction.xml isone.htm My Findlaw. Users can Locating the Law (4th ed. customize the vast amount of 2001) is a legal research materials available from guide produced by the Findlaw, including legal Southern California Associa- news, federal and state case tion of Law Libraries that law, legal job listings, covers the fundamentals of message boards and other federal and state (California) invaluable web resources, law. It contains chapters on saving them time as they use citation interpretation, re- the Internet for legal search and collection devel- research and business. opment. This is a valuable guide for librarians and lay- • My Findlaw persons. my.findlaw.com/ • Findlaw • Locating the Law www.findlaw.com www.aallnet.org/chapter /scall/locatingthelaw.ht Preview of VersusLaw's ml USConline, CFRonline, and CFRupdate!, LLRX, September 17, 2001 describes

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

the latest addition to the Ver- • Real Life Dictionary of susLaw database. Known for the Law its inexpensive collection of dictionary.law.com/ appellate court decisions, • Law.com VersusLaw is incorporating www.law.com the United States Code and the Code of Federal Regula- Survey of Online Legal tions. An update service for Information Alternatives the CFR is also being added. for Small Law Firms and The pricing scheme for these Public Law Libraries, new databases will be con- LLRX, November 1, 2001 is a sistent with VersusLaw's review and comparison of policy of providing low-cost free and low cost web-based access to legal research. legal research databases.

• Preview of VersusLaw's • Survey of Online Legal USConline, CFRonline, Information Alternatives and CFRupdate! for Small Law Firms and www.llrx.com/features/c Public Law Libraries frusc.htm www.llrx.com/features/a lternatives.htm Real Life Dictionary of the Law is a new service Update to a Guide to the provided by Law.com. It is an U.S. Federal Legal Sys- online dictionary of basic le- tem: Web-Based Pub- gal terms. It can be searched licly Accessible Sources, using the exact term or any LLRX, November 1, 2001 is a term appearing in a defini- comprehensive guide to fed- tion. Unlike other legal dic- eral legal resources on the tionaries, it is not over- web including links to re- whelmed by numerous cita- search tutorials. tions to cases and statutes. It is a resource for lay people or • Update to a Guide to the to help clients understand U.S. Federal Legal Sys- basic concepts. tem: Web-Based Publicly Accessible Sources

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

www.llrx.com/features/ d/educatingpublicprint1. us_fed.htm pdf • Right to Counsel and Le- Weighing the Benefits of gal Services for the Poor Legal Portals LLRX, De- www.abanet.org/publice cember 17, 2001 reviews d/resources/right_to_co large and small legal research unsel.html web portals, i.e., comprehensive collections of resources. Federal Poverty Guide- lines 2001 are published • Weighing the Benefits of each year in the Federal Legal Portals Register by the Department www.llrx.com/columns/ of Health and Human notes48.htm Services. The guidelines are the poverty thresholds for LEGAL SERVICES determining financial Educating the Public eligibility for certain federal About the Law (ABA programs and public defense 2001), published by the ABA representation. Division for Public Educa- tion, is a booklet that pre- • Federal Poverty sents an overview of how Guidelines 2001 lawyers and judges can help aspe.hhs.gov/poverty/01 public education programs, poverty.htm complete with tips, resources, sample programs Helping.org is a one-stop and personal stories. The online resource designed to Public Education Division help people find volunteer also published online a list of and giving opportunities in resources about the Right to their own communities and Counsel and Legal Services beyond. Moreover, it con- for the Poor. tains resources for non-profit organizations developing web • Educating the Public sites, using the web for com- About the Law munication, advocacy or www.abanet.org/publice fund raising and ideas for

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources obtaining funds for acquiring www.nysba.org/committ technology. ees/aps/default.htm • Government, Law and • Helping.org Public Policy Journal www.helping.org/ www.nysba.org/committ ees/aps/publications.ht Homelessness: Programs m and the People They Serve (Urban Institute Pro Bono Opportunities 1999). This is a report on the Guide: A Guide for Law- results of a national survey yers Outside of New York concerning the homeless and City (NYSBA 2nd ed. 2001) their service providers. and Pro Bono Opportuni- ties: A Guide for Lawyers • Homelessness: in New York City (NYSBA Programs and the People 1999) are two comprehensive They Serve annotated guides to state and www.abanet.org/crimjus local pro bono programs. For t/pubs/reports/ more information about New York pro bono programs, New York State Bar As- visit the NYSBA Pro Bono sociation Committee on Affairs web site. Attorneys in Public Ser- vice web site provides infor- • Pro Bono Opportunities mation and resources for Guide: A Guide for government and public sec- Lawyers Outside of New tor attorneys, including the York City publication of the www.nysba.org/public/p Government, Law and Public robono/Guide.pdf Policy Journal. • Pro Bono Opportunities: A Guide for Lawyers in • New York State Bar New York City Association Committee www.abcny.org/probabt. on Attorneys in Public htm Service

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

• NYSBA Pro Bono Affairs ing connections between cli- www.nysba.org/public/p ents and attorneys. robono/probono.html • Using Tech Tools to SPAN Report: Access to Serve the Underserved Justice Partnerships, www.lexisone.com/pract State by State (NLADA icemanagement/pmlibra 2001) describes the status of ry/pm121201b.html Access to Justice structures and initiatives nationwide. LITIGATION Supporting Partnerships to 2001 National Seminar Expand Access to Justice for Public Defenders is (SPAN) is a joint project of nearly 1000 pages of training the American Bar Association materials on a wide spectrum and the National Legal Aid of topics for federal defend- and Defender Association, ers. The materials were pub- whose mission is to promote lished in conjunction with and support state-based the Advanced Seminar for partnerships among the bar, CJA Panel Attorneys by the the courts, and legal services Administrative Office of the providers to expand access to United States Courts. Addi- justice. tional federal public defender training materials are avail- • SPAN Report: Access to able online from the Federal Justice Partnerships, Public Defender for the Dis- State by State trict of Columbia. www.nlada.org/Civil/Civ il_SPAN/SPAN_Report • 2001 National Seminar for Public Defenders Using Tech Tools to www.dcfpd.org/2001se Serve the Underserved, minar/2001%20New%2 LexisONE, December 21, 0Approaches.pdf 2001 describes the impact • Federal Public Defender that the Internet is having on for the District of pro bono services and mak- Columbia

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

www.dcfpd.org/training • Effective Use of Court- _material.htm room Technology: A Judge's Guide to Pretrial Biased Interpretation of and Trial Evidence by Mock Jurors www.fjc.gov/public/pdf. Journal of Experimental Psy- nsf/lookup/CTtech00.pd chology: Applied, June 2001. f/$file/CTtech00.pdf This study examines the ef- • Computers and the fect that new evidence has on Changing Courtroom the incipient opinions www.law.com/cgi- formed in the minds of jurors bin/gx.cgi/AppLogic+FT in the early stages of a trial. ContentServer?pagenam e=law/View&c=Article& • Biased Interpretation of cid=ZZZWZOMJMSC&li Evidence by Mock ve=true&cst=6&pc=0&p Jurors a=0&s=News&ExpIgnor www.apa.org/journals/x e=true&showsummary= ap/xap7291.html 0

Effective Use of Court- How to Outsource Your room Technology: A Trial Support, Law Tech- Judge's Guide to Pretrial nology News, December 3, and Trial (FJC/NITA 2001 describes the pros and 2001). This publication de- cons of hiring and working scribes the substantive and with an outside litigation procedural considerations support vendor to handle that arise when lawyers use large cases. electronic equipment in the courtroom for presenting • How to Outsource Your demonstrative evidence. Trial Support Read more about these www.law.com/cgi- developments in courtroom bin/gx.cgi/AppLogic+FT technology in Computers and ContentServer?pagenam the Changing Courtroom, e=law/View&c=Article& Legal Times, October 15, cid=ZZZMLBJLLUC&liv 2001. e=true&cst=6&pc=0&pa

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

=0&s=News&ExpIgnore ContentServer?pagenam =true&showsummary=0 e=law/View&c=Article& cid=ZZZIYMVY7TC&live Pretrial Services Re- =true&cst=6&pc=0&pa= source Center “is an inde- 0&s=News&ExpIgnore= pendent, non-profit clearing- true&showsummary=0 house for information on pretrial issues and a technical Use of Computer-Gener- assistance provider for pre- ated Exhibits in Federal trial practitioners, criminal Criminal Cases (Federal justice officials, academi- Public Defender for the Dis- cians, and community lead- trict of Columbia 2001) is an ers nationwide. The Center overview of the use and ad- offers assistance regarding missibility under the Federal pretrial services program- Rules of Evidence of com- ming and management, and puter-generated demonstra- jail overcrowding.” tive and substantive evidence. It also discusses chal- • Pretrial Services lenges and various situations Resource Center related to its use in court. www.pretrial.org/ • Use of Computer- State of the Art: Com- Generated Exhibits in puters in Litigation, Legal Federal Criminal Cases Times, October 29, 2001 dis- www.dcfpd.org/library/ cusses various computer ap- Comp.%20Gen.%20Exhi plications for handling case bits.pdf information in court such as electronic document man- LOCATING INMATES agement and case analysis Federal Inmate Locator software. (BOP 2001) is a new service from the Federal Bureau of • State of the Art: Prisons that enables web Computers in Litigation users to find information www.law.com/cgi- about someone in federal bin/gx.cgi/AppLogic+FT detention from 1982 to the

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

present. In addition to Finding Lawyers: Direc- identification data, the site tories, Web Sites and provides age, race, gender State Bar Sources, LLRX, and release dates. There are December 17, 2001 is a re- links to the federal prison view of public and private directory, visiting hours and attorney directories and in- descriptions of prison cludes a listing of online services. A national map of sources arranged by state. federal facilities is also available. • Finding Lawyers: Directories, Web Sites • Federal Inmate Locator and State Bar Sources www.bop.gov/inmate.ht www.llrx.com/columns/ ml reference32.htm • Federal Bureau of Prisons National Directory of www.bop.gov/ Minority Attorneys • National Map of Federal (American Lawyer Media Facilities 2000). This specialized www.dcfpd.org/library/ directory of attorneys was bop_map.htm compiled by the Minority Law Journal and it can be LOCATING LAWYERS searched by state and various Find a Lawyer (Findlaw topical groupings. 2001) is a new attorney directory provided by • National Directory of Findlaw with over 500,000 Minority Attorneys listings. In addition, it con- www.minoritylawjournal tains links to articles, con- .com/directory/ sumer information and other • Minority Law Journal useful sites. www.minoritylawjournal .com • Find a Lawyer directory.findlaw.com/ • Findlaw www.findlaw.com

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

LOCATING PUBLIC (GPO 2000). Background OFFICIALS information and pictures of AOL's My Government the newest members of Con- Page can locate a variety of gress are available in PDF information about federal format from the U.S. Gov- and state elected representa- ernment Printing Office's tives based on zip code, in- web site. cluding photographs, voting records and email addresses. • New Member Pictorial Directory 107th Congress • AOL’s My Government www.gpo.gov/congress/ Page 107numem/index.html government.aol.com/my news/ Uncle Sam Who's Who in the Federal Government, C-Span Congressional which is maintained by the Directory is a tool for locat- Government Publications ing information about mem- Department at the University bers of Congress, legislative of Memphis, provides up-to- committees and the leader- date biographical informa- ship. Contact information for tion on leading figures in the legislators and staffers can be federal government. found through a variety of searches, e.g., alphabetically, • Uncle Sam Who’s Who by state or zip code. It is a in the Federal comprehensive and valuable Government resource for background research on federal legislators. www.lib.memphis.edu/g po/whos3.htm • C-Span Congressional Directory United States Govern- congress.nw.dc.us/c- ment Manual 2001/2002 span/congdir.html (GPO) is the official handbook of the federal New Member Pictorial government. The entire Directory 107th Congress manual is online. However,

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources each chapter is contained in a preting and understanding separate PDF or text file. the results of medical tests and lab reports. Search en- • United States gines locate information by Government Manual type of test, medical condi- 2001/2002 tion or screening. It was cre- www.access.gpo.gov/nar ated by a group of profes- a/browse-gm-01.html sional societies to better improve consumer under- MEDICAL standing of medical testing. INFORMATION Free Medical Journals is • Lab Tests Online a comprehensive site con- www.labtestsonline.org/ taining links and information about medical journals Merck Manual of Diag- online. The journals cover a nosis and Therapy (17th wide range of subjects, and ed. 2000). “First published in are sorted by topic. 1899, The Merck Manual is the oldest continuously pub- • Free Medical Journals lished general medical text- www.freemedicaljournal book in the English language s.com/ and the most widely used medical textbook in the Health on the Net world. It covers almost every Foundation is a search disease that affects humans engine that accesses medical in specialties such as pediat- web sites and databases. rics, obstetrics and gynecol- ogy, psychiatry, ophthalmol- • Health on the Net ogy, otolaryngology, derma- Foundation tology, and dentistry, and www.hon.ch/ special situations such as burns, heat disorders, radia- Lab Tests Online (Ameri- tion reactions and injuries, can Association for Clinical and sports injuries.” Avail- Chemistry 2001) is an ency- able online in text and inter- clopedic resource for interactive formats.

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

• Merck Manual of www.llrx.com/features/ Diagnosis and Therapy medical2001.htm www.merckhomeedition. com/ SUMSearch looks for medical information by searching Pharma-Lexicon: A Dic- multiple Internet sites and tionary of Pharmaceuti- collating the results into one cal Medicine is a web- page. The search can be based medical dictionary that tailored in a number of ways contains search engines for and lists of search terms are finding the meanings of ac- available. ronyms, abbreviations and drug information. It also in- • SUMSearch cludes links to medical re- sumsearch.uthscsa.edu/ lated resources, news and searchform4.htm research sites. The site can be viewed in English or Spanish. MENTAL ILLNESS Mental Health and • Pharma-Lexicon: A Treatment of Inmates Dictionary of Pharma- and Probationers (BJS ceutical Medicine 1999) is a survey of mentally www.pharma- ill offenders in prison, jail or lexicon.com/ on probation and describes treatment received while in Researching Medical Lit- custody. erature on the Internet— 2001 Update, LLRX, Sep- • Mental Health and tember 3, 2001 is a compre- Treatment of Inmates hensive study of medical re- and Probationers search databases and web- www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/a based resources. bstract/mhtip.htm

• Researching Medical Mental Health Treatment Literature on the in State Prisons, 2000 Internet -- 2001 Update (BJS 2001). “Reports on facility policies related to

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

screening of inmates at in- www.courts.state.ny.us/ take, conducting psychiatric oca/resourcecenter/ or psychological evaluations, • Mandatory Surcharge and providing treatment (in- Schedule—Town and cluding 24-hour mental Village Courts health care, therapy/ www.nymagistrate.com/ counseling, and use of nysmcca/news.htm psychotropic medications) in State prisons.” Community Outreach and Education Web Site • Mental Health (OCA 2001). The Office of Treatment in State Court Administration has Prisons, 2000 created a web site containing www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/ a well-organized collection of abstract/mhtsp00.htm consumer information about New York Courts. It includes NEW YORK COURTS links to educational tools, City, Town and Village court user guides, OCA pub- Courts Resource Center lications and other court re- (OCA 2001). The Center of- lated resources from various fers research services for agencies. New York State's City, Town and Village Judges and court • Community Outreach personnel. While access to and Education Web Site the site is limited to judges www.courts.state.ny.us/ and court personnel, there Community_Outreach/ are research links to related • New York Office of Court associations with valuable Administration information, such as the www.courts.state.ny.us/ Mandatory Surcharge Sched- ule—Town and Village Court Rules and Courts. Individual Judges' Rules for the New York State • City, Town and Village and Federal Courts Courts Resource Center (NYLJ) Comprehensive collection of court rules for

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

New York and Federal ers to search the civil and judges. criminal dockets of courts in 30 counties and access • Court Rules and decisions from courts in Individual Judges’ Rules select counties. for the New York State and Federal Courts • E-Court www4.law.com/ny/rules e.courts.state.ny.us./ /index.shtml • New York Office of Court Administration Courts of New York www.courts.state.ny.us/ (NYSBA). An updated version of the New York State New York Slip Opinion Bar Association's guide, Service published by the Courts of New York, has been New York Law Reporting Bu- published in print and is also reau, has expanded its data- available on the web. It con- base of New York appellate tains an outline of the court court slip opinions. The most system and definitions of recently released decisions various legal terms aimed at are posted on their web site enlightening the general and remain there for 60 days. public about the operation of “The Court of Appeals has the justice system in New authorized a pilot program York. under which trial court and Appellate Term decisions not • Courts of New York selected for publication in the www.nysba.org/public/c Miscellaneous Reports may ourts.html be published in the Slip • New York State Bar Opinion Service.” Browsing Association by date and field searching is www.nysba.org available.

E-Court (OCA 2001). New • New York Slip Opinion York's Office of Court Ad- Service ministration has launched a www.courts.state.ny.us/r new service that permits us-

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

eporter/New_Features.h New York State Law Re- tm porting Bureau (2000). • Research the Official This site offers information Reports about the Bureau's www.courts.state.ny.us/r operations and publications. eporter/Decisions.htm It also contains the Official • New York State Law Reports Style Manual and Reporting Bureau links to the New York Slip www.courts.state.ny.us/r Opinion Service. eporter/ • New York State Law New York State Commis- Reporting Bureau sion on Judicial Conduct www.courts.state.ny.us/r 2001 Annual Report. “The eporter/ Commission's annual reports • Official Reports Style contain informative descrip- Manual tions of the year's [2000] ac- www.courts.state.ny.us/r tivities, including statistics eporter/Styman.htm and accounts of investiga- • New York Slip Opinion tions, disciplinary actions, Service confidential cautions and www.courts.state.ny.us/r other dispositions. Also in- eporter/Decisions.htm cluded are legislative and administrative recommen- New York State Unified dations, commentary on se- Court System Library lected topics, texts of disci- and Information plinary determinations, and Network (OCA 2001). more.” Access to a combined catalog of New York court libraries, • New York State Commis- known as LION, has been sion on Judicial Conduct made available by the Office 2001 Annual Report of Court Administration. In www.scjc.state.ny.us/an addition, indices to Appellate nual.html Division Records and Briefs can be searched.

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

• New York State Unified consequences of law en- Court System Library forcement’s use of chemical and Information and stun weapons, i.e., less Network than lethal weapons, to sub- www.courts.state.ny.us/ due suspects. LION/index.html • New York Office of Court • Cruelty in Control? The Administration Stun Belt and Other www.courts.state.ny.us/ Electroshock Weapons in Law Enforcement New York’s Appellate www.amnestyusa.org/ri Division Third Depart- ghtsforall/stun/index.ht ment and Fourth Depart- ml ment have launched web sites providing access to Disciplining Police: recent decisions. The sites Solving the Problem of include basic court informa- Law Enforcement (New tion, calendars, court rules York City Public Advocate and information about other 2000). The Public Advocate’s services of interest to practi- Office conducted a study of tioners and the general pub- the system for disciplining lic. police officers in New York City. The report explores the • Third Department police department’s response www.courts.state.ny.us/ to complaints of misconduct, ad3/ the possible factors behind • Fourth Department such behavior and makes www.courts.state.ny.us/ policy recommendations ad4/ based on its findings.

POLICE MISCONDUCT • Disciplining Police: Cruelty in Control? The Solving the Problem of Stun Belt and Other Elec- Law Enforcement troshock Weapons in www.pubadvocate.nyc.g Law Enforcement (AI ov/documents/polfinal0 1999) is a report about the 72700.pdf

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

Principles for Promoting ghtsforall/police/index.h Police Integrity (BJA tml 2001) “We have sought to identify and develop general Shielded from Justice: principles of police practices Police Brutality and Ac- that are effective in promot- countability in the ing police integrity. We hope United States (HRW 1998) that by sharing what we have is a study of issues concern- learned, we can build on the ing police accountability over voluntary efforts being made the use of excessive force and by police departments other abuses. It focuses on around the country to im- brutality cases that occurred prove their services, and in fourteen cities over a two- more clearly state what year period. communities can expect of us as law enforcement agen- • Shielded from Justice: cies.” Police Brutality and Accountability in the • Principles for Promoting United States Police Integrity www.hrw.org/reports98 www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ /police/index.htm ojp/186189.pdf U.S. Department of State Race, Rights and Police Initial Report of the Brutality in the United United States of America States of America (AI to the UN Committee 1999) is a report about bru- Against Torture (DOS tality and racism in policing 1999) is a report describing and makes recommendations the measures taken by the for reform. U.S. Government to comply with the guidelines in the • Race, Rights and Police Convention Against Torture, Brutality in the United and Other Cruel, Inhuman, States of America or Degrading Treatment or www.amnestyusa.org/ri Punishment.

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

• U.S. Department of State ners are part of the Findlaw Initial Report of the for Legal Professionals sec- United States of America tion containing analyses of to the UN Committee current developments in dif- Against Torture ferent areas of law. www.state.gov/www/glo bal/human_rights/tortu • Federal Habeas Corpus re_index.html Review • Convention Against profs.lp.findlaw.com/ha Torture, and Other beas/index.html Cruel, Inhuman, or • The New Habeas Corpus Degrading Treatment or Act: A Checklist for Punishment Practitioners www.unhchr.ch/html/m profs.lp.findlaw.com/ha enu3/b/h_cat39.htm beas/checklist.html • Findlaw for Legal Use of Deadly Force by Professionals Police: Overview of profs.lp.findlaw.com/ National and Local Data (NIJ 1999) is an overview of Postconviction DNA research about police use of Testing: Recommenda- deadly force at different tions for Handling Re- levels and from different quests (National Commis- perspectives. sion on the Future of DNA Evidence 1999) • Use of Deadly Force by Police: Overview of Na- • Postconviction DNA tional and Local Data Testing: Recommenda- www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/a tions for Handling bstract/ufbponld.htm Requests www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ POST-CONVICTION nij/177626.pdf Federal Habeas Corpus Review and The New Ha- Presidential Pardons is a beas Corpus Act: A new collection of resources Checklist for Practitio- from JURIST: The Legal

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

Education Network at the • Census of Jails 1999 University of Pittsburgh www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/a School of Law that contains bstract/cj99.htm news, case law, bibliographies and many other re- Correctional Trends (BJS sources for anyone interested 2001) is a graphical summary in executive clemency. of incarceration rates, prison population trends, including • Presidential Pardons death penalty statistics. jurist.law.pitt.edu/pardo ns.htm • Correctional Trends • JURIST: The Legal www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/g Education Network lance.htm jurist.law.pitt.edu/index. htm Corrections Statistics (BJS 2000) is a report on the PRISON STATISTICS increase in the number of Census of Jails 1999 (BJS people in prison, on proba- 2001). “The report summa- tion or parole in the United rizes changes in the number States. of local jails during the 1990's; average daily popula- • Corrections Statistics tion and number of men, www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/c women, and juveniles con- orrect.htm fined in local jails; number of inmates and facilities by size HIV in Prisons and Jails, of facility; inmate conviction 1999 (BJS 2001). “Provides status; inmate gender, race the number of HIV-positive and Hispanic origin; facility and active AIDS cases among rated capacity and percent of prisoners held in each State capacity occupied; 25 largest and the Federal prison sys- jail jurisdictions; number of tem at yearend 1999.” staff and staff characteristics; facility health services and • HIV in Prisons and Jails, inmate health; and facility 1999 programs.”

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/ www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/a pub/pdf/hivpj99.pdf bstract/pjim00.htm

Prison and Jail Inmates Prisoner Petitions Filed at Midyear 2000 (BJS in U.S. District Courts, 2001). “Presents data on 2000, With Trends, prison and jail inmates col- 1980-2000 (BJS 2001). lected from National Pris- This report describes the oner Statistics counts and the number of prisoner petitions Annual Survey of Jails in filed by Federal and State 2000. This report provides inmates in U.S. district data on the number of in- courts during the year 2000. mates, the total incarceration It estimates the impact of the rate per 100,000 residents in Prison Litigation Reform Act each State, and the trends and the Antiterrorism and since 1990. It offers percent- Effective Death Penalty Act age changes in the size of on the number of prisoner State and Federal prison petitions. populations since the end of 1999 and midyear 1999. The • Prisoner Petitions Filed report includes total num- in U.S. District Courts, bers for prison and jail in- 2000, With Trends, mates by gender, race, and 1980-2000 Hispanic origin as well as www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/a counts of jail inmates by ju- bstract/ppfusd00.htm venile status, conviction status, and confinement Prisoners in 2000 (BJS status. The midyear report 2001). This report describes also presents findings on the number of persons in rated capacity of local jails, state and federal prisons and percent of capacity occupied, compares the increase in and capacity added.” prison population during 2000 with that of the previ- • Prison and Jail Inmates ous year, along with the at Midyear 2000 growth rates since 1990.

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

• Prisoners in 2000 Punishing Decade: www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/a Prison and Jail Estimates bstract/p00.htm at the Millennium (Justice Policy Institute 1999) is a re- Prisoners in 1999 (BJS port about the record high 2000). This report reveals a numbers of people in Ameri- startling rise in America's can prisons and the implica- prison population over the tions of an increasing prison last ten years. population.

• Prisoners in 1999 • Punishing Decade: www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/a Prison and Jail Esti- bstract/ppfusd00.htm mates at the Millennium www.cjcj.org/punishing Probation and Parole in decade/punishing.html the United States, 2000 (BJS 2001). “Reports on the Trends in State Parole, number of persons on pro- 1990-2000 (BJS 2001) ex- bation and parole at yearend amines the changing nature 2000 and compares the to- of offenders entering and tals with yearend 1999 and leaving parole and the effects 1990. It lists the number of on the trends and composi- parolees and probationers in tion of the prison population. each State, names the States with the largest and smallest • Trends in State Parole, parole and probation popu- 1990-2000 lations and the largest and www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/a smallest rates of community bstract/tsp00.htm supervision, and identifies the States with the biggest PRISONERS’ RIGHTS increases.” Abuse of Women in Cus- tody: Sexual Misconduct • Probation and Parole in and Shackling of Preg- the United States, 2000 nant Women: A State-by- www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/ State Survey of Policies abstract/ppus00.htm and Practices in the

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

United States (AI 2001) cies and Practices in the “The information compiled United States in this report, based on a www.amnestyusa.org/w survey by Amnesty Interna- omen/custody/abuseinc tional, summarizes existing ustody.html legislation, policies and practices in every state, the Aging Behind Bars: District of Columbia and the “Three Strikes” Seven US Bureau of Prisons and re- Years Later (Sentencing views these areas in the con- Project 2001). This report text of international human concludes that the “three rights standards. The main strikes” law has not contrib- concerns arising from the uted to the reduction of surveys are the continuing crime in California to any lack of laws prohibiting cus- significant extent. todial sexual misconduct in some states; the failure of • Aging Behind Bars: existing laws to provide ade- “Three Strikes” Seven quate protection; and the Years Later widespread lack of legislation www.sentencingproject. and uniform standards, in org/news/3strikesnew.p policy and practice, to protect df incarcerated women in labor from being shackled during From Prison to Home: child birth. Amnesty Inter- The Dimensions and national believes legislative Consequences of Pris- and policy shortcomings in oner Reentry (Urban Insti- these areas contribute to tute 2001). This report “ex- human rights abuses against amines all aspects of prisoner inmates.” reentry—from preparation for release to post-prison su- • Abuse of Women in Cus- pervision. It identifies and tody: Sexual Misconduct addresses the challenges and Shackling of Preg- facing many released prison- nant Women: A State- ers, such as substance abuse, by-State Survey of Poli- health problems, employ-

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

ment obstacles and housing (Institute on Taxation and shortages, as well as the im- Economic Policy 2001). “This pact of their return on their study examines an over- families and neighborhoods.” looked aspect of the billion- dollar private prison indus- • From Prison to Home: try: the extent to which it has The Dimensions and been the recipient of eco- Consequences of nomic development subsidies Prisoner Reentry provided by local, state and www.urban.org/pdfs/fro federal governments.” m_prison_to_home.pdf • Jail Breaks: Economic Integration of the Hu- Development Subsidies man Rights of Women Given to Private Prisons and the Gender Perspec- www.goodjobsfirst.org/j tive: Violence Against bstudy.htm Women (U.N. Commission on Human Rights 1999) is a Making More Effective report concerning violence Use of New York State's against women in federal and Prisons (Citizens Budget state prisons. Commission 2000) “The general conclusion of this • Integration of the Hu- analysis is that the State of man Rights of Women New York could save nearly and the Gender Per- $100 million annually by spective: Violence avoiding unnecessary and Against Women sometimes counterproduc- www.unhchr.ch/Huridoc tive imprisonment. . . . By da/Huridoca.nsf/TestFr reducing the length of incar- ame/7560a6237c67bb11 ceration for some prisoners 8025674c004406e9?Op and substituting alternative endocument forms of punishment for the latter part of their sentence, Jail Breaks: Economic New Yorkers could save mil- Development Subsidies lions while maintaining or Given to Private Prisons

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

improving their level of pub- • Red Onion State Prison: lic safety.” Super-Maximum Secu- rity Confinement in Vir- • Making More Effective ginia Use of New York State's www.hrw.org/reports/19 Prisons 99/redonion/ www.cbcny.org/DOCS52 000.htm Second Look at Alleviat- ing Jail Crowding: A Sys- “Not Part of My Sen- tems Perspective (BJA tence” Violations of the 2000) “Jail crowding must Human Rights of Women be recognized as a local in Custody (AI 1999) is an problem and solutions devel- examination of the abuse and oped in accordance with the mistreatment of women in unique circumstances of in- American prisons. dividual communities. While new construction to increase • “Not Part of My Sen- the number of jail beds may tence” Violations of the be one component of a set of Human Rights of proposed solutions to the Women in Custody problem, this document em- www.amnestyusa.org/ri phasizes other activities that ghtsforall/women/index. can help to ensure the effec- html tive use of existing bed space. This monograph provides Red Onion State Prison: information to help jurisdic- Super-Maximum Secu- tions study case processing rity Confinement in Vir- and plan system wide strate- ginia (HRW 1999) is a re- gies. Emphasis is placed on port on the treatment of in- the role that local criminal mates at Virginia’s super- justice agencies can play, maximum prison and allega- alone and with others, to de- tions of human rights viola- termine the best use of jail tions. space to prevent crime and maintain public safety.”

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

• Second Look at Alleviat- • What Future for “Public ing Jail Crowding: A Safety” and “Restorative Systems Perspective Justice” in Community www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ Corrections? bja/182507.pdf www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ nij/187773.pdf What Future for “Public Safety” and “Restorative PRISONS Justice” in Community Corrections Connection Corrections? (NIJ 2001). was designed for practitio- “'Public safety' and 'restora- ners in the prison community tive justice' are big ideas now providing news, legislative making claims on the future updates, research links and of community corrections. resources. They are appealing as strategic objectives for probation • Corrections Connection and parole agencies that are www.corrections.com/ab unable to generate fiscal and out.html political support for the modest objectives of 'en- Prison Web Sites. Notable forcing court orders,' 'meet- and infamous prisons from ing client needs,' and 're- different countries can now ducing recidivism.' When the be visited through their web two ideas are examined more sites. These include: Tower of closely, however, their fu- London, Eastern State Peni- tures seem uncertain. They tentiary in Philadelphia, have important features in Lubyanka and Robben Island common, but they conflict in For more information read ways which, left unresolved, Web Sites Unlock the Doors could sap their strategic of Famous Prisons, New York value; they face challenges to Times, March 15, 2001. which they are unevenly suited; and each requires • Tower of London daunting transformations of www.tower-of- the criminal justice system.” london.com/

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

• Eastern State Peniten- Reflections of Problem- tiary in Philadelphia Court Justices (NYSBA www.libertynet.org/~e- 2000). “During its annual state/ judicial seminar at the end of • Lubyanka 1999, the Unified Court Sys- www.globalspy.com/lub tem convened a roundtable yanka.htm of problem-solving judges to • Robben Island discuss how their courts op- www.robben- erate and how they affect the island.org.za/ roles that judges play inside • Web Sites Unlock the and outside the courtroom.” Doors of Famous Prisons www.nytimes.com/2001 • Reflections of Problem- /03/15/technology/15G Court Justices RAB.html www.nysba.org/media/b arjournal/june00/judici PROBLEM SOLVING al.html COURTS Problem Solving Courts: Ten Tenets of Fair and A Brief Primer (CCI 2001). Effective Problem Solv- “This essay . . . traces the ing Courts (ACCD 2001) history of problem-solving “The following guidelines courts, outlines a basic set of have been developed to problem-solving principles increase both the fairness and poses a set of questions and the effectiveness of that are worthy of further Problem Solving Courts, study as problem-solving while addressing concerns courts move from experiment regarding the defense role to institutionalization.” within them. They are based upon the research done in • Problem Solving Courts: the drug court arena by A Brief Primer pretrial services experts and www.courtinnovation.or others and the extensive g/pdf/prob_solv_courts. collective expertise that pdf defender chiefs have developed as a result of their

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources experiences with the many Ethics 2000 - Commis- different specialty courts sion on the Evaluation of across the country.” the Rules of Professional Conduct (ABA 2000). The • Ten Tenets of Fair and Commission work evaluating Effective Problem the ABA Model Rules is being Solving Courts posted on this web site along www.nysda.org/Defense with the latest information _Services/Ten_Tenets- and drafts of proposed Final_Version.pdf changes.

PROFESSIONAL • Ethics 2000 - Commis- RESPONSIBILITY sion on the Evaluation of Association of Profes- the Rules of Professional sional Responsibility Conduct Lawyers (APRL) is an inde- www.abanet.org/cpr/eth pendent national organiza- ics2k.html tion of lawyers concentrating in the fields of professional New York Professional responsibility and legal eth- Responsibility Reporter. ics. APRL provides a national The New York Professional clearinghouse of information Responsibility Report regarding recent develop- publishes a monthly print ments and emerging issues in newsletter that contains the areas of admission to articles and reports on practice law, professional developments in areas of ethics, disciplinary standards ethics and professional and procedures, and profes- responsibility with a focus on sional liability. New York practice. Subscription information is • Association of Profes- available on their web site. sional Responsibility Lawyers • New York Professional www.aprl.net/ Responsibility Reporter www.nyprr.com/

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

Restatement of the Law Posed by Internet Elec- Governing Lawyers is the tronic Mail first edition by the American www.law.berkeley.edu/j Law Institute (ALI) of a Re- ournals/btlj/articles/14_ statement on ethics that 3/Masur/html/reader.ht clarifies and synthesizes the ml common law applicable to the legal profession. PUBLIC DEFENSE Access to Justice Forum • Restatement of the Law is an open discussion and Governing Lawyers database of resources on le- www.ali.org/ali/A252.ht gal aid and access to justice m world wide developed by the • American Law Institute Public Interest Law Initiative www.ali.org/ in Transitional Societies at Columbia Law School. Safety in Numbers: Re- visiting the Risks to Cli- • Access to Justice Forum ent Confidences and At- www.pili.org/cgi-bin/a2j torney-Client Privilege Posed by Internet Elec- Balancing Justice in New tronic Mail Berkley Tech- York State (LWVNY 2000) nology Law Journal (Fall is a report by the League of 1999). This article analyzes Women Voters of New York, the preconceptions behind created after conducting ethics opinions sanctioning statewide study circles on attorney-client contact current criminal law issues. through email and points out Among their findings, the methods for making those majority of people recom- communications more mended reforming the secure. Rockefeller Drug Laws and most people see rehabilita- • Safety in Numbers: Re- tion as one of the prime goals visiting the Risks to Cli- of the criminal justice sys- ent Confidences and At- tem. torney-Client Privilege

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

• Balancing Justice in New cific statements that help York State policymakers assess the ade- www.lwvny.org/balancin quacy or appropriateness of gjustice/finalreport.html the provision of defense services to indigent defendants. California Attorneys for Some standards are aspira- Criminal Justice (CACJ) is tional, that is, a goal for the the country's largest state- future; other standards are wide organization of criminal enforced by operating or defense lawyers and allied funding agencies. The stan- professionals. Their web site dards and rules collected contains links to news about here were issued by national legislative developments, organizations; state agencies; seminars and a list of useful bar associations, public de- publications for criminal fender agencies; state high practitioners. courts; and local court or bar.” • California Attorneys for Criminal Justice • Compendium of www.cacj.org/ Standards for Indigent Defense Systems Compendium of Stan- www.ojp.usdoj.gov/indig dards for Indigent De- entdefense/compendium fense Systems (BJA 2000) “presents national, state, and Contracting for Indigent local standards relating to Defense Services: A Spe- five major aspects of indigent cial Report (Spangenberg— defense: Administration of BJA 2000) “This special re- Defense Systems (Volume I); port was written for indi- Attorney Performance (Vol- viduals in the justice system ume II); Capital Case Repre- who are using, considering, sentation (Volume III); Ap- or implementing an indigent pellate Representation (Vol- defense contract system. The ume IV); Juvenile Justice report presents the major Defense (Volume V). These judicial and legislative at- standards are non-case spe- tempts to deal with those

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

systems, examines the best emic.depts/spa/justice/ and worst features of con- publications/TechGuide. tract systems, and discusses pdf the national standards that • National Legal Aid and govern contract systems.” Defender Association www.nlada.org/ • Contracting for Indigent • Criminal Courts Defense Services: A Technical Assistance Special Report Project www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ www.american.edu/acad bja/181160.pdf emic.depts/spa/justice/t raining.html Defender Guidebook to Technology Integration Defense Counsel in in Criminal Justice In- Criminal Cases (BJS formation Systems. The 2000). “This Special Report National Legal Aid and De- examines issues of legal rep- fender Association (NLADA) resentation for defendants in has produced a “guidebook Federal district court and [that] discusses the compo- large local jurisdictions, and nents of integration, the top inmates in local jails and 10 defender interests in inte- Federal and State prison. It gration, and challenges and also briefly describes types of problems in areas such as publicly financed programs planning, security, manage- available to both Federal and ment, and human resources.” local defendants.” It was produced for the Criminal Courts Technical • Defense Counsel in Assistance Project at Ameri- Criminal Cases can University. www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/a bstract/dccc.htm • Defender Guidebook to Technology Integration Defense Warnings, Ameri- in Criminal Justice can Bar Association Journal, Information Systems December 2001 describes www.american.edu/acad how overburdened public

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

defenders seek redress by Office of Court Administra- filing lawsuits over excessive tion. caseloads and inadequate resources. • Handbook for Criminal Defendants • Defense Warnings www.courts.state.ny.us/ www.abanet.org/journal spcrimhand.html /dec01/fdefen.html How to Defend Someone Executive Session on You Know Is Guilty New Public Defense (John F. York Times, April 8, 2001. Kennedy School of Govern- David Feige, Trial Chief for ment 2001) is a web site cre- The Bronx Defenders and a ated after a meeting of public commentator for WNYC ra- defenders and criminal jus- dio, offers a public defender's tice experts who examined perspective on the vital role the public defense culture of criminal defense in a free and developed strategies for society. improving public policy. The site contains an extensive • How to Defend Someone collection of articles, studies, You Know Is Guilty reports and resource links. www.nytimes.com/2001 /04/08/magazine/08G • Executive Session on UILTY.html Public Defense www.ksg.harvard.edu/cr Indigent Defense (BJS iminaljustice/executive_ 1996). “This report presents sessions/espd.htm selected findings drawn from various BJS surveys con- Handbook for Criminal taining information related Defendants (OCA 2000). to the indigent defense for This Spanish language criminal defendants.” version of a guide to the New York Criminal Justice System • Indigent Defense is available online from the www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/a bstract/id.htm

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

Indigent Defense and marily handled felony crimi- Technology: A Progress nal cases at the trial level.” Report (BJA 1999). This special report examines the • Indigent Defense changing role of technology Services in Large in public defense offices and Counties 1999 the ways it impacts on public www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/a defense practice. For more bstract/idslc99.htm information, visit the Justice Information Center. Keeping Defender Workloads Manageable • Indigent Defense and (BJA 2001). “[I]n some juris- Technology: A Progress dictions, public defender of- Report fices are appointed as many www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ as 80 percent of all criminal bja/179003.pdf cases.” “The subject of this • Justice Information report, finding ways to better Center manage defender workloads, www.ncjrs.org/ is at the heart of ensuring that the administration of Indigent Defense Ser- justice is fair and equitable. vices in Large Counties Every day, defender offices 1999 (BJS 2000). “This re- and assigned counsel are port details the methods by forced to manage too many which criminal indigent de- clients with inadequate fense is delivered in the Na- resources. Too often, the tion's 100 most populous quality of service suffers, counties. It compares the op- jeopardizing one of our most erating expenditures, staffing important constitutional and caseload of public de- rights: the right to effective fender, assigned counsel, and counsel.” contract services used in these counties. The criminal • Keeping Defender indigent defense programs Workloads Manageable examined in the report pri- www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ bja/185632.pdf

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

Public’s Guide to the materials online, which Courts (OCA). The New include news, publications, York State Office of Court developments in indigent Administration has created defense and many other an informational web guide resources. for lay people seeking information about the legal sys- • National Association of tem in New York. It includes Criminal Defense links to a legal glossary, Attorneys handbooks for defendants www.criminaljustice.org and jurors, and forms and directories. National Legal Aid and Defender Association • Public’s Guide to the (NLADA) has redesigned its Courts web site, which boasts many www.courts.state.ny.us/ new features and resources. pubinfo.htm Public defense community • Glossary of Legal Terms members “can both obtain www.courts.state.ny.us/ and directly contribute civilgloss.htm documents and current jobs • New York State Criminal and event information via the Justice Handbook NLADA E-Library (a docu- www.courts.state.ny.us/ ment database), the National Handcrimdef.html Training Calendar, and the • Juror’s Handbook jobs and links listings.” www.courts.state.ny.us/j uryhdbk.html • National Legal Aid and • New York State Office of Defender Association Court Administration www.nlada.org/ www.courts.state.ny.us New Model Contract for National Association of Public Defense Services Criminal Defense Attor- (NLADA). The National Le- neys (NACDL) has redes- gal Aid and Defender igned its web site to provide Association “has published a better access to its wealth of Model Contract for Public

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

Defense Services, to help (NYSDA) has expanded its local funding agencies and web site and improved access indigent defense providers to its vast collection of entering into a contracting current online resources. relationship to identify and New Hot Topics have been integrate the essential added as well as unpublished elements of high quality decisions, briefs, reports, indigent defense services.” training calendar and a searchable expert database. • New Model Contract for Public Defense Services • New York State www.nlada.org/indig/no Defenders Association vdec99/modcon.htm www.nysda.org • National Legal Aid and Defender Association State-Funded Indigent www.nlada.org/ Defense Services 1999 (BJS 2001). “Presents find- New York Criminal Bar ings from data collected as Association is a not-for- part of the 1999 National profit association for crimi- Survey of Indigent Defense nal defense lawyers in the Systems in the 21 States New York City Metropolitan where the State government area. They have collected provides virtually all of the hundreds of telephone and funding for indigent defense fax numbers for judges, po- services.” lice precincts, arraignment clerks, correction officers and • State-Funded Indigent others in the criminal justice Defense Services 1999 system. www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/a bstract/sfids99.htm • New York Criminal Bar Association Tutorial for Public De- www.nycrimbar.org/ fender Managers (VIJ 2001). This is an online New York State tutorial intended for public Defenders Association

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

defenders “who want to Accurint is a fee-based enhance their leadership role people tracking service that in the criminal justice searches billions of records system, Vera's new web- from hundreds of sources. It based tutorial provides an can locate people or unearth introduction to strategic helpful background informa- management, reflective tion. practice, and asset-based management, and gives users • Accurint a chance to compare their www.accurint.com answers to anonymous defender managers who have Merlin Information Ser- taken the tutorial recently.” vices is a collection of free and fee-based public record • Tutorial for Public databases. “Merlin is one of Defender Managers the largest distributors of www.vera.org/tutorial/s public records on CD-ROM plash.asp in the nation.” Their newest databases include Merlin's PUBLIC RECORDS Date of Birth File, Public Access-Central is a large Record Research System, public records access portal. QuickInfo.net, Merlin Super It has a collection of public Name Header Search and records links, including peo- Merlin Super Address ple finders, licensing agen- Header Search. cies and government databases nationwide. It also in- • Merlin Information cludes links to fee-based Services background checking and www.merlindata.com/ criminal history search services. Public Records—Nation- wide. Pacific Information • Access-Central Resources has made avail- www.access- able a collection of links to central.com/ government and private databases with information on

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

prisoners, experts and county • Attacking Bias in the data for all fifty states and Justice System: A Com- countries worldwide. pendium of Program Alternatives • Public Records— www.abanet.org/justice/ Nationwide judicialbias/home.html www.pac-info.com/ Final Report of the [New PublicData.com is a fee- Jersey] State Police Re- based public records search view Team (NJ Attorney service. Its databases include General 1999). Reports and criminal histories, sex of- consent decrees regarding fender registries, motor vehi- investigation into racial pro- cle records and other sites. filing in New Jersey have The scope of records avail- been compiled by the New able depends on the state. Jersey Department of Law They offer a variety of sub- and Public Safety. scription plans. • Final Report of the [New • PublicData.com Jersey] State Police www.publicdata.com/ Review Team www.state.nj.us/lps/Rpt RACE AND LAW _ii.pdf Attacking Bias in the Jus- • New Jersey Department tice System: A Compen- of Law and Public Safety dium of Program Alter- www.state.nj.us/lps/dec natives (ABA Coalition for reehome.htm Justice 2000) is a collection of specific projects, programs Initial Report of the and recommendations that United States of America bar associations, courts and to the United Nations communities can draw from Committee on the Elimi- to address bias in the justice nation of Racial Dis- system. crimination (Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimina-

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources tion 2000). In this report, the • Justice on Trial: Racial U.S. Government described Disparities in the the legislative, judicial, American Criminal administrative and other Justice System measures it has taken www.civilrights.org/publ regarding the Convention on ications/cj/ the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination. Off Balance: Youth, Race and Crime in the News • Initial Report of the (Building Blocks for Youth United States of America 2001). This study of crime to the United Nations news reporting revealed that Committee on the “combined distortions of Elimination of Racial people of color overrepre- Discrimination sented as criminals and un- state.gov/www/global/h derrepresented as victims, uman_rights/cerd_repo young people over-repre- rt/cerd_index.html sented as criminals, and the • Convention on the undue coverage of violent Elimination of All Forms crime, produce an inaccurate of Racial Discrimination and unfair image of crime in www.unhchr.ch/html/m America.” It concluded with enu3/b/d_icerd.htm recommendations for the media to present crime news Justice on Trial: Racial in context. Disparities in the Ameri- can Criminal Justice Sys- • Off Balance: Youth, Race tem (Leadership Conference and Crime in the News on Civil Rights 2000) de- www.buildingblocksfory scribes the unequal treat- outh.org/media/media.h ment of minorities in the tml criminal justice system and reviews the impact of dispa- Racial Profiling: Limited rate treatment on the entire Data Available on Mo- system. torist Stops (GAO 2000) is a review of studies and data

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

collection efforts by law en- Police, 2001 (BJS 2001). forcement agencies to meas- “This report presents find- ure racial profiling in traffic ings from the 2001 State Po- stops. lice Traffic Stop Data Collec- tion Procedures. State police • Racial Profiling: Limited agencies were asked to report Data Available on on their policies and proce- Motorist Stops dures for collecting race and www.gao.gov/new.items ethnicity data regarding /gg00041.pdf motorists involved in traffic stops.” Resource Guide on Ra- cial Profiling Data Col- • Traffic Stop Data lections Systems: Prom- Collection Policies for ising Practices and Les- State Police, 2001 sons Learned (BJA 2000) www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/ “This document provides an abstract/tsdcp01.htm overview of the nature of racial profiling; a description REFERENCE TOOLS of data collection and its pur- Abbreviations and Acro- pose; current activities in nyms of the U.S. Gov- California, New Jersey, ernment, is a solid research North Carolina, and Great tool that decrypts the code of Britain; and recommenda- federal lingo. It is part of a tions for the future.” collection of Government In- formation Resources at the • Resource Guide on Ra- Indiana University Library. cial Profiling Data Col- lections Systems: Prom- • Abbreviations and ising Practices and Les- Acronyms of the U.S. sons Learned Government www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles1/ www.ulib.iupui.edu/subj bja/184768.pdf ectareas/gov/docs_abbr ev.html Traffic Stop Data Collec- • Government tion Policies for State Information Resources

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

www.ulib.iupui.edu/subj AskOxford is a site in- ectareas/gov/govdocs.ht tended to assist writers with ml questions about grammar, • Indiana University word usage and anything else Library related to the world of words. www.ulib.iupui.edu/ho Among the many resources it me.html provides is a panel of experts who answer questions on Almanacs is a search engine English usage. The site is from the publishers of the sponsored by Oxford Univer- Information Please Almanac. sity Press, publishers of the The site provides access to Oxford English Dictionary. fact books, dictionaries, encyclopedias and other ref- • AskOxford erence sources. It is a vast www.askoxford.com/ storehouse of useful factual • Oxford English knowledge. Dictionary www.oed.com • Almanacs • Oxford University Press www.infoplease.com/al www.oed.com/public/pu manacs.html blications/online.htm

American Heritage Dic- Associations on the Net tionary of the English published by the Internet Language (4th ed. 2001). Public Library, “is a collec- This online version of the tion of over 2000 Internet Dictionary contains nearly a sites providing information 100,000 entries along with about a wide variety of pro- language notes and other fessional and trade associa- useful reference information. tions, cultural and art organizations, political parties and • American Heritage advocacy groups, labor un- Dictionary of the English ions, academic societies, and Language research institutions. Ab- www.bartleby.com/61/ stracts summarizing infor-

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

mation about the association site, eliminating the need for and its site are provided.” bookmarks or hunting for reference tools on the web. • Associations on the Net www.ipl.org/ref/AON • Clickguide • Internet Public Library www.clickguide.com/up www.ipl.org grades/latest_version.ht m CIA World Factbook 2001 is a reference tool for Columbia Encyclopedia researching background (6th ed. 2001). This online information, statistics or edition of the Encyclopedia maps for different countries. has nearly 51,000 entries on Prepared by the Central a broad range of topics. It can Intelligence Agency for use be browsed alphabetically or by U.S. Government officials by keyword. it also contains a great deal of data about the political and • Columbia Encyclopedia organizational structure of www.bartleby.com/65/ the countries listed. Country Watch contains • CIA World Factbook current political, economic 2001 and cultural information www.odci.gov/cia/public about every country in the ations/factbook/index.ht world. ml • Country Watch Clickguide is a free web www.countrywatch.com/ navigation tool that can be default.asp installed into your web browser. It contains menus Journalist Express. This for a vast number of services, web site contains extensive including search engines, links to news sources, phone legal dictionaries and directories, and statistics. encyclopedias. A search box is generated for each web

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

• Journalist Express RESEARCH TOOLS www.journalistexpress.c Daypop is a current events om/ search engine that scans nearly 3000 news sites and Oxford English Diction- web logs. Searches can be ary (Oxford University narrowed by time frames as Press). The most comprehen- small as three hours or as sive dictionary of the English large as four weeks. It is a language is available online. tool for locating new For information about sub- information and devel- scribing, visit the publisher's opments reported by news site. services and in web logs.

• Oxford English • Daypop Dictionary www.daypop.com/ www.oed.com/ • Oxford University Press Electronic Journal Miner www.oed.com/public/pu is a search engine designed to blications/online.htm find magazines, newsletters, webzines or any serial pub- Phrase Finder is a writer's lished electronically. Jour- tool for generating ideas and nals can be found by title, finding the right word to ex- keyword or Library of Con- press a particular thought. gress Subject Heading. The engine was the result of the • Phrase Finder Electronic Journal Access phrases.shu.ac.uk/ Project developed by the Colorado Alliance of Re- Xrefer is a search engine search Libraries. that will answer questions by polling a large variety of • Electronic Journal Miner reference sources. ejournal.coalliance.org/

• Xrefer Find News Articles About www.xrefer.com People, Virtual Chase, Sep- tember 2001 discusses vari-

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

ous techniques for gathering • Get Cited news articles about people www.getcited.org/mbr/P and finding background in- UB/Find formation using Internet and commercial online resources. Inequality.org is a socially conscious web site that pro- • Find News Articles vides information about un- About People der-publicized developments www.virtualchase.com/h in the areas of economic owto/news_search.html change and progress.

Gateway to Associations • Inequality.org Online is a database of over www.inequality.org/ 6,000 associations provided by the American Society of Infotrieve is a database Association Executives. service providing access to Searches can be conducted tables of contents from by topic or name. professional journals. One component is Article Finder, • Gateway to Associations a free bibliographic database Online containing over 22 million info.asaenet.org/gatewa citations and over 10 million y/OnlineAssocSlist.html abstracts from more than 35,000 of the most impor- Get Cited is a literature tant scholarly journals in search engine that contains such areas as law, medicine indexing records for over and science. It also includes three million books, journal access to Medline, Publist articles and other research and a Table of Contents alert publications. It is also inter- service. active, permitting scholars and researchers to guide in • Infotrieve the development of the data- www4.infotrieve.com/ho base. me.asp

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Mag Portal is a search en- SEARCH ENGINES gine and news service that CompletePlanet is a will ferret out individual unique search engine for lo- magazine articles published cating documents in the on the web. “deep web,” i.e., that part of the Internet not accessible to • Mag Portal most search engines. The en- www.magportal.com/ gine searches databases, not web pages per se, and pro- Pandia Radio Search is a duces a list of sites contain- powerful new search engine ing the search terms entered. for locating TV and radio stations broadcasting over • CompletePlanet the web from all over the www.completeplanet.co world. m/

• Pandia Radio Search Direct Search collects links www.pandia.com/radio/ to items not usually found using general search engines. RocketNews is a current It includes links to archives, news search engine that libraries, bibliographies, gov- scans thousands of sources to ernment, news and legal re- find stories posted on the sources. web in the previous five days. The news portal was created • Direct Search by RocketInfo, a search en- gwis2.circ.gwu.edu/~gpr gine technology company. ice/direct.htm

• RocketNews Internet Archives: Pre- www.rocketnews.com/ serving the History of • RocketInfo Web Pages, LLRX, Novem- www.rocketinfo.com/roc ber 1, 2001 is an exploration ket/mainpage of various sites dedicated to preserving the short-lived web pages and historical development of the Internet.

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Most notable among the ef- • SpeechBot forts is the Internet Archive speechbot.research.com Wayback Machine, contain- paq.com/ ing over 100 terabytes and 10 billion web pages archived Web Information Re- from 1996 to the present. trieval Tutorial is an extensive online slide show • Internet Archives: that describes and details the Preserving the History of mystery behind the Google Web Pages search engine. www.llrx.com/columns/ webcritic12.htm • Web Information • Internet Archive Retrieval Tutorial Wayback Machine www.henzinger.com/mo www.archive.org/index. nika/icde/icde- html final_files/v3_document .htm Search Adobe PDF • Google Online (Adobe Systems) is a www.google.com/ unique search engine that will scan the web for PDF Web Search Engines (portable document format) FAQS, Searcher, October documents. 2001 is a thorough examination of the workings behind • Search Adobe PDF popular search engines, dis- Online pelling misconceptions and searchpdf.adobe.com/ pointing the way to the best use of these finding tools. SpeechBot is a new search engine from Compaq that • Web Search Engines locates audio content on the FAQS web. It currently indexes www.infotoday.com/sear 9579 hours of content. Radio cher/oct01/price.htm programs and a variety of broadcasts are searchable. WebBrain.com is a graphical human edited search en-

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gine that enables web surfers www.census.gov/Press- to look for information in a Release/www/2001/tabl unique way. It also offers a es/redist_ny.html version of its interface for business or personal use. TERRORISM LAW Criminal Enforcement • WebBrain.com Against Terrorists (Trans- www.webbrain.com/htm actional Records Access l/default_win.html Clearinghouse 2001). “The gap between the reported in- STATISTICS vestigations and referrals for Ameristat provides instant prosecution would appear to summaries of demographic document a major challenge characteristics of the U.S. facing Law enforcement in its population in such areas as attempts to prevent terror- race and ethnicity; income ism and punish terrorists.” and poverty; and many others. It draws statistical data • Criminal Enforcement from many reliable sources, Against Terrorists most notably the U.S. Cen- trac.syr.edu/tracreports/ sus. Ameristat is sponsored terrorism/report011203. by the Population Reference html Bureau and the Social Sci- ence Data Analysis Network. Upsetting Checks and Balances: Congressional • Ameristat Hostility Towards the www.ameristat.org/ Courts in Times of Crisis (ACLU 2001). “This report, Census 2000 Data for the planned long before Septem- State of New York (US ber 11, focuses on the laws Census Bureau 2001). This is enacted five years ago rather the results of the official than the USA-PATRIOT Act . Census New York State. . . . But enactment of the most recent anti-terrorism • Census 2000 Data for legislation provides new ur- the State of New York gency for considering a

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theme common to all these e=true&cst=6&pc=0&pa laws: the role of the judiciary =0&s=News&ExpIgnore in curbing the excesses of ex- =true&showsummary=0 ecutive authority in pursuit of politically popular goals . . Helping Bookmarks Fit . . This report is, in effect, a Every Page, Technolawyer five-year report card on the Community, August 6, 2001 country's ill-considered foray is an article describing useful into court-stripping.” techniques and programs for managing a never-ending • Upsetting Checks and collection of Internet book- Balances: Congressional marks. Hostility Towards the Courts in Times of Crisis • Helping Bookmarks Fit www.aclu.org/congress/ Every Page courtstripping.PDF www.law.com/cgi- bin/gx.cgi/AppLogic+FT WEB TOOLS ContentServer?pagenam Can't Afford a Web De- e=law/View&c=Article& signer? Do It Yourself, cid=ZZZZOOO3XPC&liv American Lawyer Media, e=true&cst=6&pc=0&pa October 3, 2001 is a helpful =0&s=News&ExpIgnore article for small firms or solo =true&showsummary=0 practitioners interested in creating a web site. It dis- Home Page Reader, pro- cusses simple and inexpen- duced by IBM, is software sive options for self-pub- that makes the Internet lishing on the web. speak by translating the contents and elements of a • Can’t Afford a Web web browser into human Designer? Do it Yourself speech. For price information www.law.com/cgi- consult the product site. bin/gx.cgi/AppLogic+FT ContentServer?pagenam • Home Page Reader e=law/View&c=Article& www-3.ibm.com/able cid=ZZZGJFFWASC&liv /hpr.html

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Privacy.net provides a free • WeMedia analysis of information re- wemedia.com/ vealed through your Internet connection. It also promotes WRONGFUL software and services to CONVICTION control the information dis- Commission on Pro- closed as you surf the web. ceedings Involving Guy Paul Morin (2v.) is a com- • Privacy.net pilation of recent investiga- privacy.net/analyze tions focusing attention on the plight of the wrongfully Shields Up! provides a free convicted in the Canadian security analysis of com- Justice System. puters connected to the web. It also promotes software • Commission on and services to increase the Proceedings Involving security of files stored on Guy Paul Morin your computer. www.attorneygeneral.jus .gov.on.ca/html/MORIN • Shields Up! /morin.htm grc.com/x/ne.dll?bh0bk yd2 Convicted by Juries, Ex- onerated by Science: WeMedia Talking Web Case Studies in the Use Browser can translate the of DNA Evidence to Es- web into human speech. The tablish Innocence After talking browser is designed Trial is a collection of excul- to assist people with low patory case studies high- vision or learning disabilities lighting the value of DNA to use the Internet. Complete evidence to exonerate the in- with large buttons and nocent and the need for pro- keystroke commands for easy cedures and changes to as- navigation, the browser sure accurate results. articulates selected text. The browser is available for free. • Convicted by Juries, Ex- onerated by Science:

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Case Studies in the Use can be searched by name and of DNA Evidence to Es- other fields or the entire list tablish Innocence After can be viewed chronologi- Trial cally. www.ncjrs.org/pdffiles/ dnaevid.pdf • Innocence Project at Cardozo School of Law False Memory Syndrome www.innocenceproject.o Foundation was founded rg/ by a group of families and professionals affiliated with the University of Pennsyl- vania and Johns Hopkins Medical Institution to document and study the problem of families that were being shattered when adult children suddenly claimed to have recovered repressed memories of childhood sexual abuse.

• False Memory Syndrome Foundation www.fmsfonline.org/abo ut.html

Innocence Project at Cardozo School of Law has retooled its web site. It contains case information, background materials on wrongful convictions, legislative developments, DNA news and links to resources. The Case Profiles database

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PART II

INTERNET RESOURCES COLLECTION

CONTENTS

APPELLATE PRACTICE...... 111 CASES, STATUTES AND REGULATIONS...... 111 CONTINUING LEGAL EDUCATION...... 120 CRIMINAL JUSTICE...... 121 DEATH PENALTY ...... 123 DIRECTORIES AND LOCATORS ...... 125 EXPERTS ...... 129 FAMILY LAW...... 129 FORENSICS...... 130 IMMIGRATION...... 131 INTERNET INFORMATION...... 134 INTERNET SEARCHING ...... 135 INTERPRETERS...... 137 INVESTIGATIVE TOOLS ...... 138 JUVENILE JUSTICE ...... 140 LEGAL RESEARCH...... 141 LEGAL SERVICES ...... 145 LITIGATION...... 146 NEWS AND CURRENT AWARENESS...... 146 POST-CONVICTION...... 150 PRACTICE OF LAW...... 151 PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITY...... 153 PUBLIC DEFENSE ...... 154 REFERENCE MATERIALS ...... 161 TERRORISM LAW ...... 163

Insider's Guide to Criminal Justice Resources

APPELLATE PRACTICE

Brief Banks

• Brief Bank Index (NACDL) www.nacdl.org/BriefBank.nsf/List

• Briefs in Recent and Landmark Cases (ACLU) www.aclu.org/court/court1.html

• National Amicus Curiae Briefs (ALSO) www.lawsource.com/also/usa.cgi?usb

• Rights International Brief Bank www.rightsinternational.org/ricenter/BriefBank/

• United States Supreme Court Briefs (Findlaw) supreme.findlaw.com/Supreme_Court/briefs/index.ht ml

CASES, STATUTES AND REGULATIONS

Courts and Court Dockets

Researchers can find information about specific courts, a court system, docket information and a variety of databases containing appellate and lower court decisions.

• American Law Sources Online (U.S. Courts) www.lawsource.com

• Court Link www.courtlink.com/

• National Center for State Courts www.ncsc.dni.us/COURT/SITES/Courts.htm

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• National Judicial College www.judges.org/

• Your Nation’s Courts Online www.courts.com

Federal and State Court Databases

• LexisONE www.lexisone.com

• LoisLaw $ www.loislaw.com

• VersusLaw $ www.versuslaw.com/

United States Supreme Court

• United States Supreme Court www.supremecourtus.gov/

• United States Supreme Court (LII) supct.law.cornell.edu/supct/index.html

• United States Supreme Court (Findlaw) www.findlaw.com/casecode/supreme.html

• United States Supreme Court News (NYSDA) www.nysda.org/Defense_News/defense_news.html#Su premeCourt

• Oyez Project at Northwestern University (Audio Files of Supreme Court Arguments) oyez.nwu.edu

Federal Courts

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• United States Circuit Court of Appeals Search Engine (LII) www.law.cornell.edu:9999/USCA-ALL/results.html

• CourtWeb (District Court) www.nysd.uscourts.gov/courtweb/PubMain.htm

• PACER (Public Access to Electronic Court Records) $ pacer.psc.uscourts.gov/

• Recent Civil Cases Filed in U.S. District Courts (Law.com) www.marketspan.com/states/LAWCOM/RecentCases.a sp?Brand=LAWCOMLIT

• FedCrimLaw (Punch and Jurist) $ www.fedcrimlaw.com/

New York Courts

• New York State Court of Appeals (Official) www.courts.state.ny.us/ctapps/

• New York Court of Appeals (Legal Information Institute) www.law.cornell.edu/ny/ctap/overview.html

• New York Courts of Appeals Update (NYSDA—Robert Dean) www.nysda.org/Defense_News/defense_news.html#N YCCourtOfAppeals

• New York Court of Appeals and Legislative News www.nysda.org/Defense_News/defense_news.html#N YCCourtOfAppeals

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• Appellate Division, Fourth Department www.courts.state.ny.us/ad4/slips.html

• New York State Law Reporting Bureau www.courts.state.ny.us/reporter/

• E-Court (NY Criminal Dockets in 30 Counties) e.courts.state.ny.us./

• Decisions of Interest (NYLJ) $ www6.law.com/ny/courts/courts.shtml

• New York Slip Opinion Service (Westlaw) $ nyslip.westgroup.com/

• Select New York Criminal Law Cases (Buffalo Criminal Law Center) wings.buffalo.edu/law/bclc/web/nycaseixny.htm

• New York Court of Claims (Unpublished Opinions) nyscourtofclaims.state.ny.us/decision.htm

• New York State Supreme Court Library Queens www.courts.state.ny.us/queenslib/decisions.htm

• Monroe County Supreme Court www.frontiernet.net/~monsc/

• Judge Raymond E. Cornelius, Monroe County Supreme Court www.frontiernet.net/~derek/rec/rselect.htm

• Judge William C. Donnino, Bronx County Supreme Court ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/w_c_d/

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• Judge Andrew V. Siracuse, Monroe County Supreme Court www.netacc.net/~amsir/Framework/Cases.html

• Library and Information Network (LION) www.courts.state.ny.us/LION/index.html

• Office of Court Administration (OCA) www.courts.state.ny.us/ucscoa.html

• Court Rules and Individual Judges’ Rules for New York (State and Federal) www4.law.com/ny/rules/index.shtml

• New York Courts on the Web (NYLJ) $ www.nycourts.com/

• NY Law Web Directory: Courts and Decisions (NYLJ) www4.law.com/ny/courts/

• New York Courts on the Web (OCA) www.courts.state.ny.us/ctpages.html

• New York Courts and Law Guide (NYLJ) www6.law.com/ny/guide/

• New York Courts (Findlaw) www.findlaw.com/11stategov/ny/courts.html

Statutes and Regulations

Read about new federal and state statutes. Learn about the activities of various agencies or find a statute concerning a defendant’s predicate offense committed in another jurisdiction.

Federal Government

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• Thomas (Library of Congress) thomas.loc.gov

• House of Representatives www.house.gov/

• Senate www.senate.gov/

Constitution

• United States Constitution (LII) www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/consti tution.overview.html

• United States Constitution (Emory Law School) www.law.emory.edu/FEDERAL/usconst. html

• United States Constitution (Findlaw) www.findlaw.com/casecode/constitution /index.html

Federal Statutes

• United States Code (GPO) www.access.gpo.gov/congress/cong013.h tml

• United States Code (House of Representatives) uscode.house.gov/usc.htm

• United States Code (LII) www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/

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• Public Laws (NARA) www.access.gpo.gov/nara/nara005.html

Federal Regulations

• Code of Federal Regulations (NARA) www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/index.htm l

• Federal Register (NARA) www.access.gpo.gov/su_docs/aces/aces1 40.html

Federal Resources

• United States Government Manual (GPO) www.access.gpo.gov/nara/nara001.html

• Federal Information Center fic.info.gov/

• Government Information Locator Service (GPO) www.access.gpo.gov/su_docs/gils/index. html

• Fed World www.fedworld.gov/

• Federal Web Locator www.infoctr.edu/fwl/

State Laws

• State Law (Findlaw) www.findlaw.com/casecode/state.html

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• Municipal Codes Online (Seattle Public Library) www.spl.org/selectedsites/municode.html

• Bill Tracking Resources, LLRX, August 15, 2000 www.llrx.com/columns/roundup3.htm

Legislative News

• Legislative Alerts (NACDL) www.criminaljustice.org/public.nsf/Free Form/Legislation?OpenDocument

• Government Relations (NLADA) www.nlada.org/Defender/Defender_Gov Relations/Gov_DefenderAdvocacy_Hom e

• Legislative and Governmental Advocacy (ABA) www.abanet.org/poladv/home.html

• In Congress (ACLU) www.aclu.org/congress/

• GoverNet www.govaffairs.com/

New York Government

• New York Assembly assembly.state.ny.us/

• New York Senate www.senate.state.ny.us/

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• New York Bill Search (NY Assembly) assembly.state.ny.us/leg/

• New York Bill Search (NY Senate) leginfo.state.ny.us:82/INDEX1.html

• New York State Home Page www.state.ny.us/

• New York Government Information Locator Service www.nysl.nysed.gov/ils/

• New York Governor www.state.ny.us/governor/

New York Agencies

• New York State Government Agencies www.state.ny.us/state_acc.html

• New York Attorney General www.oag.state.ny.us/

• New York Attorney General Opinions www.oag.state.ny.us/lawyers/opinions/o pinion.html

• New York Division of Criminal Justice Services (DCJS) criminaljustice.state.ny.us/

• New York State Criminal Justice Agencies Directory (DCJS) criminaljustice.state.ny.us/crimnet/ojsa/agdir/htframe. htm

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• New York Department of Correctional Services (DOCS) www.docs.state.ny.us/

• New York Division of Probation and Correction Alternatives dpca.state.ny.us/

• New York State Police www.troopers.state.ny.us/

• New York Unified Court System (OCA) www.courts.state.ny.us/

New York Laws

• New York Constitution (NY Assembly) assembly.state.ny.us/leg/?co=0

• New York Consolidated Laws (NY Assembly) assembly.state.ny.us/leg/?cl=0

• New York Unconsolidated Laws (NY Assembly) assembly.state.ny.us/leg/?ul=0

• New York Chapter Laws (NY Assembly) assembly.state.ny.us/leg/?sl=0

CONTINUING LEGAL EDUCATION

Calendars of upcoming trainers, registration information and requirements for mandatory CLE credits are available online.

• ABA Center for CLE www.abanet.org/CLE/SITES.HTML

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• Association for Continuing Legal Education www.aclea.org/

• MCLE State Requirements www.abanet.org/CLE/MCLEVIEW.HTML

• Washburn University School Seminars and Continuing Education www.washlaw.edu/postlaw/seminars.htm

• Westlaw Training Calendar www.westlaw.com/training/infocent.wl

New York

• Mandatory Continuing Education (OCA) www.courts.state.ny.us/mcle.htm

• NYSDA Training Page www.nysda.org/Training/training.html

• NYSDA Training Calendar www.nysda.org/Training/Training_Calendars/training _calendars.html

CRIMINAL JUSTICE

• Criminal Justice Links www.criminology.fsu.edu/cj.html

• Hieros Gamos Guide to Criminal Law www.hg.org/crime.html

• Criminal Justice Mega-Links faculty.ncwc.edu/toconnor/

• Subject-based Internet Resources Criminal Justice and Law wally2.rit.edu/internet/subject/law.html

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• Rand Corporation Abstracts www.rand.org/Abstracts/

• Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse (TRAC) trac.syr.edu/

• Vera Institute of Justice (VIJ) www.vera.org

• National Association of Sentencing Advocates’ Sentencing Links www.sentencingproject.org/nasa/links.htm

• Criminal Justice Flow Chart www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/justsys.htm

New York

• Criminal Law Resources on the Internet (Buffalo Criminal Law Center) wings.buffalo.edu/law/bclc

Criminal Justice Statistics

• National Criminal Justice Reference Service www.ncjrs.org

• Bureau of Justice Statistics www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/welcome.html

• Statistical Research www.virtualchase.com/resources/statistics.html#nacjs

• Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics www.albany.edu/sourcebook/

New York

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• Criminal Justice Data for New York State criminaljustice.state.ny.us/crimnet/data.htm

DEATH PENALTY

Death Penalty News

• Capital Defense Weekly coramnobis.com/CDW/cdw.html

• Death Penalty Information Center’s What’s New www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/whatsnew.html

• NACDL Death Penalty Defense www.criminaljustice.org/public.nsf/freeform/DeathPen alty?OpenDocument

New York

• NYSDA Capital Defense News www.nysda.org/Defense_Services/NY_Capital_Defens e/ny_capital_defense.html

• New York Capital Defender Office www.nycdo.org/

• New Yorkers Against the Death Penalty www.nyadp.org/

Resources

Current developments, appellate litigation, manuals, motions and other resources can be found on several comprehensive death penalty web sites.

• Abolish Capital Punishment www.soci.niu.edu/~archives/ABOLISH/info.html

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• Broken System: Error Rates in Capital Cases, 1973-1995 (Liebman) 207.153.244.129/

• Capital Defender’s Toolbox members.aol.com/karlkeys/index.html

• Capital Defense Network www.capdefnet.org

• Cornell University Law School’s Death Penalty Project www.lawschool.cornell.edu/lawlibrary/death/default.ht m

• Death Penalty Information Center www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/

International Law

Treaties and other international agreements that have a bearing on domestic cases, e.g., death penalty, can be located online.

• Hands Off Cain www.handsoffcain.org/

• International Law Emory www.law.emory.edu/FOCAL/intl.html

• ASIL Guide to Electronic Sources for International Law www.asil.org/resource/home.htm

• World List www.law.osaka-u.ac.jp/legal- info/worldlist/worldlst.htm

• Embassy Index www.embpage.org/

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• International Web Site Index home.att.net/~slomansonb/intlweb.html

• International Human Rights Instruments www.unhchr.ch/html/intlinst.htm

DIRECTORIES AND LOCATORS

Locating Tools

• Webgator www.inil.com/users/dguss/wgator.htm

• Trackem People Search www.mdvl.net/~rcthomas/trackem.html

Locating Lawyers

• Martindale Hubbell’s Lawyer Directory lawyers.martindale.com/marhub

• West’s Legal Directory on Findlaw directory.findlaw.com/

• Hieros Gamos www.hg.org/attorney.html

• Best’s Directory of Recommended Insurance Attorneys www.ambest.com/legal/atsearch.html

New York

• New York State Office of Court Administration’s Attorney Search www.courts.state.ny.us/webdb/wdbcgi.exe/apps/INTER NETDB.attyreghome.show

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• New York State Chief Defenders List www.nysda.org/About_NYSDA/Chief_Defenders__A- M_/chief_defenders__a-m_.html

Locating Judges

Contact information for judges and government offices across the country can be found in these directories. Background information on judges is also available online.

• Judges of the United States Courts air.fjc.gov/history/judges_frm.html

• Directories of Courts and Judges (Duke University School of Law Library) www.law.duke.edu/lib/libser/publicat/researchGuides/ courts/courtsframe.html

New York

• Judges of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit www.tourolaw.edu/2ndcircuit/Info/Judges.htm

• Judge's Profiles (NYLJ) www4.law.com/ny/judges/index.shtml

• New York State Courts on the Web (OCA) www.courts.state.ny.us/ctpages.html

Locating Inmates

Learn about clients, co-defendants or witnesses who have been or are now in the state prison system.

• Federal Bureau of Prisons www.bop.gov/

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• Directory of Federal Detention Centers www.bop.gov/facilnot.html

New York

• New York Inmate Lookup (DOCS) nysdocs.docs.state.ny.us:84/kinqw00

• New York Department of Correctional Services (DOCS) www.docs.state.ny.us/

• New York Correctional Services Directory (DOCS) www.docs.state.ny.us/faclist.html

• Map of New York Correctional Facilities (DOCS) www.docs.state.ny.us/jailmap.html

• New York State Criminal Justice Agencies Directory (DCJS) criminaljustice.state.ny.us/crimnet/ojsa/agdir/htframe. htm

• New York Division of Criminal Justice Services (DCJS) criminaljustice.state.ny.us/dcjs1.htm

• New York City Department of Corrections www.ci.nyc.ny.us/html/doc/home.html

Locating People

• AnyWho www.anywho.com

• AnyWho Reverse Lookup www.anywho.com/rl.html

• 555-1212 www.555-1212.com

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• Switchboard www.switchboard.com

• WhoWhere www.whowhere.lycos.com

• Ancestry.com www.ancestry.lycos.com

• Social Security Death Index www.ancestry.com/search/rectype/vital/ssdi/main.htm

• Find-A-Grave www.findagrave.com

Locating Prosecutors/Law Enforcement

• National District Attorneys Association www.ndaa.org

• Prosecutors’ Web Sites www.co.eaton.mi.us/ecpa/proslist.htm

• National Association of Attorneys General www.naag.org

• Officer.com www.officer.com

• Law Enforcement Links www.leolinks.com/

• AELE Law Enforcement Legal Center www.aele.org/

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EXPERTS

• National Directory of Expert Witnesses www.claims.com/

• Expert Pages expertpages.com

• Yearbook News www.yearbooknews.com/

• Midwest Directory of Expert Witnesses and Consultants www.texlaw.com/expert/center.htm

• Expert Witness Network www.witness.net

• Technical Advisory Service for Attorneys www.tasanet.com

• Expert Witnesses (Washlaw Web) www.washlaw.edu/expert.html

New York

• New York City Assigned Counsel Expert Directory of Investigators and Experts (NYSDA) www.nysda.org/cgi-bin/baserun.cgi?_cfg=laser.cfg

FAMILY LAW

• ABA Section on Family Law www.abanet.org/family/home.html

• ABA Standards of Practice for Lawyers Representing a Child in Abuse and Neglect Cases www.abanet.org/child/childrep.html

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• Family Law (LII) www.law.cornell.edu/topics/topic2.html#family law

• Uniform Matrimonial, Family, and Health Laws Locator www.law.cornell.edu/uniform/vol9.html

• Family Law and Social Policy Center at Syracuse University Law School www.law.syr.edu/academics/academics.asp?what=fami ly_law_sp_center

New York

• New York Divorce and Family Law www.brandeslaw.com/

• Family Court and You (NYSBA) www.nysba.org/public/famcourtandu.html

• Introductory Guide to the New York City Family Court www.courts.state.ny.us/famhome.htm

• Family Court Information Center Bronx and New York Counties www.courts.state.ny.us/kiosk/kiosk.htm

• Family Court Forms (OCA) www.courts.state.ny.us/famctforms/fcformtc.htm

FORENSICS

• Forensic Science Resources (Tennessee Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers) www.tncrimlaw.com/forensic/

• Zeno’s Forensic Site forensic.to/forensic.html

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• Reference Manual on Scientific Evidence www.fjc.gov/EVIDENCE/science/sc_ev_sec.html

• Forensic Psychiatry Resource Page (University of Alabama) bama.ua.edu/~jhooper/

• American Board of Forensic Odontology www.abfo.org/

• American College of Forensic Examiners www.acfe.com/

• Johns Hopkins Autopsy Resource www.med.jhu.edu/pathology/iadb.html

IMMIGRATION

News

• Criminal Defense Immigration Project (NYSDA) www.nysda.org/NYSDA_Resources/Defense_Immigrat ion_Project/defense_immigration_project.html

• Matthew Bender’s Immigration Channel www.bender.com/bender/open/Webdriver?MIval=cha n&channelID=immig

• Immigration Articles from The Champion (NACDL) www.criminaljustice.org/public.nsf/freeform/Immigrat ion?OpenDocument

Federal Government

• United States Department of Labor Office of Administrative Law Judges Law Library www.oalj.dol.gov/libina.htm

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• United States Department of Justice Executive Office for Immigration Review www.usdoj.gov/eoir/

• State Department’s International Information Programs usinfo.state.gov/

• Bureau of Consular Affairs travel.state.gov/

Immigration Law

• Federal Immigration Law (LII) www.law.cornell.edu/topics/immigration.html

• Supreme Court Immigration Cases (LII) www4.law.cornell.edu/cgi- bin/fx?DB=SupctSyllabi&TOPDOC=0&P=immigration

• Federal Court Finder (Emory Law School) www.law.emory.edu/FEDCTS/

• United States Department of Labor Labor-Related Immigration Statute and Regulation Index www.oalj.dol.gov/public/ina/refrnc/istatin.htm

• Board of Immigration Appeals Precedent Decisions (BIA) www.usdoj.gov/eoir/efoia/bia/biaindx.htm

• Executive Office for Immigration Review OCAHO EFOIA Decisions www.usdoj.gov/eoir/efoia/ocaho/ocmnind.htm

• Immigration Law on the Web, LLRX (October 1, 1999) www.llrx.com/features/immigrat.htm

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• Guide to Immigration and Legal Research on the Internet www.ailapubs.org/ailguidtoima.html

Immigration Organizations

• American Immigration Lawyers Association www.aila.org/

• Amnesty International www.amnesty.org/

• ACLU Immigrant's Rights www.aclu.org/issues/immigrant/hmir.html

• Central American Refugee Center www.icomm.ca/carecen/

• Citizens and Immigrants for Equal Justice www.angelfire.com/tx/equalrights/index.html

• National Immigration Forum www.immigrationforum.org/

• National Immigration Law Center www.nilc.org/

• National Lawyers Guild/National Immigration Project www.nlg.org/nip/

• National Network for Immigrant and Refugee Rights www.nnirr.org/

• Lawyers Committee for Human Rights www.lchr.org/home.htm

Immigration Reference Sources

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• Country Reports on Human Rights Practices (DOS) www.state.gov/www/global/human_rights/hrp_report s_mainhp.html

• CIA World Factbook www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/

• RefWorld www.unhcr.ch/research/rsd.htm

• State Department’s Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor www.state.gov/www/global/human_rights/

• International Journal of Refugee Law www3.oup.co.uk/reflaw/

INTERNET INFORMATION

Background and Terminology

• Using and Understanding the Internet www.pbs.org/uti/

• Finding Information on the Internet www.lib.berkeley.edu/TeachingLib/Guides/Internet

• Third Age Internet Glossary www.thirdage.com/features/tech/glossary/index.html

• Bibliography of Internet Books (ABA) www.abanet.org/lpm/magazine/booklist.html

Internet Service Providers

• Internet Access webisplist.internetlist.com/

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• The List thelist.internet.com/

Web Tools

• Netscape www.netscape.com

• Microsoft’s Internet Explorer www.microsoft.com/ie

• Adobe Acrobat Reader www.adobe.com

• WeMedia (Talking Web Browser) www.wemedia.com

• IBM Home Page Reader $ www-3.ibm.com/able/hpr.html

• E-Mail Communication for Client Matters -- A Multinational Survey (LegalEthics.com 2000) www.legalethics.com/articles.law?auth=intnl.txt

• Don't Throw Away the Attorney-Client Privilege, New Jersey Law Journal, May 2, 2001 www.law.com/cgi- bin/gx.cgi/AppLogic+FTContentServer?pagename=law /View&c=Article&cid=ZZZ24EI07MC&live=true&cst=6 &pc=0&pa=0&s=News&ExpIgnore=true&showsummar y=0

INTERNET SEARCHING

Search Engines

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• LawCrawler www.lawcrawler.com

• LawRunner www.lawrunner.com

• Google www.google.com

• Alta Vista www.altavista.com

• Hotbot www.hotbot.com

Directories

• Findlaw www.findlaw.com

• Jeff Flax’s Web Page: Focusing on Legal Resources on the Internet www.jflax.com

• Yahoo www.yahoo.com

Meta-Indexes

• American Law Sources Online (ALSO) www.lawsource.com

• Dogpile www.dogpile.com

• Metafind www.metafind.com/

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Natural Language Tool

• Ask Jeeves www.askjeeves.com

New Search Tools

• Search Engine Watch www.searchenginewatch.com/

• Search Engine Showdown www.notess.com/search/

• CNET www.cnet.com

• ZD (Ziff Davis) Net www.zdnet.com

• PC Magazine www.pcmagazine.com

INTERPRETERS

Translation Services Online

• AltaVista Babel Fish babelfish.altavista.com/

• Babylon Translation babylon.com

• Free Translation www.freetranslation.com

Locating Interpreters

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• Language Line Services www.languageline.com

• Court Interpretation Standards (National Center for State Courts) www.ncsc.dni.us/research/interp/

New York

• Court Interpreter Manual (U.S. District Court Northern District of New York) www.nynd.uscourts.gov/forms/courtint.pdf

INVESTIGATIVE TOOLS

Beyond legal research, the web is an excellent tool for developing factual information to be used in court. Reverse Phone Directories, maps and public records are only a few examples of the resources available.

Associations

• National Defender Investigation Association ndia-inv.org/

Crime Scenes

• Crime Scene Investigations www.feinc.net/cs-inv.htm

• Crime Scene Investigation www.crime-scene-investigator.net/index.html

Freedom of Information

• Freedom of Information Act Resources (Society of Professional Journalists) www.spj.org/foia.asp

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• Freedom of Information Resources (Professor Fought, Syracuse University) web.syr.edu/~bcfought/

• Freedom of Information Act (DOJ) www.usdoj.gov/foia

New York

• New York Committee on Open Government Advisory Opinions dos.state.ny.us/coog/findex.html

Maps and Directions

• Mapquest www.mapquest.com/

• Yahoo Maps and Driving Directions maps.yahoo.com/py/maps.py

• Lycos Roadmaps www.lycos.com/roadmap.html

• Maps On Us www.mapsonus.com

• Internet Travel Network www.itn.com

• Amtrak www.amtrak.com

• MIT Geographic Name Server sipb-server-1.mit.edu/geo?location

• Geographic Names Information System mapping.usgs.gov/www/gnis/gnisform.html

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Public Records

• DocuSearch www.docusearch.com/free.html

• BRB Publications www.brbpub.com

• Public Records www.pac-info.com/

• Vital Records Information www.vitalrec.com

• VitalChek www.vitalchek.com/

• Accurint $ www.accurint.com

• 1-800-US Search $ www.1800ussearch.com

• KnowX.com $ www.knowx.com

Weather

• National Climatic Data Center www.ncdc.noaa.gov/

• Docu-Weather $ www.weather-claims.com

JUVENILE JUSTICE

• ABA Juvenile Justice Center www.abanet.org/crimjust/juvjus/home.html

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• Juvenile Justice (LII) www.law.cornell.edu/topics/juvenile.html

• United States Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention ojjdp.ncjrs.org

• National Center for Juvenile Justice www.ncjj.org/

• Juvenile Information Network www.juvenilenet.org/

• National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges www.ncjfcj.unr.edu/

LEGAL RESEARCH

Law Libraries

Most law libraries have online catalogs that can be accessed through the web. In addition to saving time in locating materials, these catalogs often include links to periodical databases and other indexes.

• Law Library Catalogs (Washlaw Web) www.washlaw.edu/lawcat/lawcat.html

• Library of Congress www.loc.gov/z3950/

• National Equal Justice Library library.wcl.american.edu/nejl/

New York

• John Jay College Library of Criminal Justice www.lib.jjay.cuny.edu/index.html

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• Legal Aid Society of New York www.legal-aid.org/lib.htm

• New York State Library www.nysl.nysed.gov/index.html

Law Publishers and Vendors

• Publist www.publist.com

• American Lawyer Media www.lawcatalog.com/

• BNA www.bna.com

• ForeCite (Criminal Jury Instructions) www.forecite.com

• James Publishing www.jamespublishing.com/

• Matthew Bender www.bender.com

• West Group www.westgroup.com

• LawBook Exchange www.lawbookexc.com

New York

• Blumberg www.blumberg.com/index.html

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• Gould Publishing www.gouldlaw.com

• Hein Publishing www.wshein.com/

• New York Legal Publishing www.nylp.com/

• New York State Bar Association www.nysba.org/public/public.html

Law Reviews

• Full Text Search of Journals on Internet (Findlaw) stu.findlaw.com/journals/

• Contents Pages from Law Reviews and Other Scholarly Journals (University of Texas Law School) tarlton.law.utexas.edu/tallons/content_search.html

• Anderson Publishing’s 1999 On-Line Directory of Law Reviews and Scholarly Legal Periodicals www.andersonpublishing.com/lawschool/directory/

New York

• New York State Bar Journal www.nysba.org/media/barjournal/journalindex.html

• Buffalo Criminal Law Review (Buffalo Criminal Law Center) wings.buffalo.edu/law/bclc/bclr.htm

• Buffalo Law Review wings.buffalo.edu/academic/department/law/blr/

• Journal of Criminal Justice and Popular Culture www.albany.edu/scj/jcjpc/index.html

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• Touro Law Review www.tourolaw.edu/Publications/Lawreview/

Law Schools

• ABA Approved www.abanet.org/legaled/approvedlawschools/approved .html

• American Association of Law Schools www.aals.org/

• Directory of Legal Academia www.law.cornell.edu/dla/

• Legal Education and Admission to the Bar www.abanet.org/Legaled/Home.Html

• Law Schools (Internet Legal Resource Guide) www.ilrg.com/schools.html

• United States Law Schools on the Web (University of Kansas School of Law) www.law.ukans.edu/library/usschools.html

Lexis

• Lexis MVP Program web.lexis.com/xchange/marketplace/MVPforSmallLaw Firms.asp

• National Legal Aid and Defender Association Discount Program www.nlada.org/Member_Svcs/MemberSvcs_Benefits# discounts

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• Legal Services Corporation Discount Program www.equaljustice.org/techno/lexis.htm

• Lexis Pay as You Go www.lexisone.com/legalresearch/payasyougo/index.ht ml

New York

• Association of the Bar of the City of New York Lexis Discount Program www.abcny.org/memserv2.html#reference

• New York State Bar Association Lexis Discount Program www.nysba.org/member/LexisNexis.html

Westlaw

• Westlaw Subscription Options www.westlaw.com/SubOptions/

• Westlaw Pro www.westlaw.com/SubOptions/lawfirm.wl

New York

• Westlaw Pro New York www.westlaw.com/SubOptions/WestlawPro/States/ny wlpro.wl

LEGAL SERVICES

• Handsnet www.handsnet.org

• Legal Associations and Organizations (Findlaw) www.findlaw.com/06associations/index.html

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• Legal Service Organizations (Pine Tree Legal Assistance) www.ptla.org/links.htm

• National Center on Poverty Law www.povertylaw.org

LITIGATION

• Case Central www.casecentral.com/home.htm

• Lights, Camera, Verdict, New York Law Journal, September 13, 1999 www.nylj.com/tech/091399t2.html

NEWS AND CURRENT AWARENESS

Legal News

National and local developments in the law, as well as the latest news about legislation and court decisions can be found in online legal newspapers or at criminal defense organization web sites. Many of these sites contain archives of old news stories.

• American Bar Association Journal www.abanet.org/journal/home.html

• Champion (NACDL) www.criminaljustice.org/public.nsf/FreeForm/Champi onMag?OpenDocument

• Court TV www.courttv.com

• CrimeLynx Today www.crimelynx.com/

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• Current News Releases (NACDL) www.criminaljustice.org/PUBLIC/news.htm

• Findlaw Legal News news.findlaw.com/

• Law.com www.law.com

• National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers News www.nacdl.org/public.nsf/freeform/news&issues?Open Document

• National Law Journal www.nlj.com

• Wire: Prison Related News www.sfsu.edu/~tamamail/wire.html

New York

• New York Defense News (NYSDA) www.nysda.org/Defense_News/defense_news.html

• New York Law Journal www.nylj.com

• New York State Assembly assembly.state.ny.us/Press/

• New York State Governor www.state.ny.us/governor/

• New York State Senate www.senate.state.ny.us/press.html

• New York Court System (OCA) www.courts.state.ny.us/newsevent2.html

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National, State and Local News

Find your local newspaper online. Most television, radio and print news services have web sites with full text copies of their latest stories.

• NewsDirectory.com www.newsdirectory.com

• Yahoo! Broadcast www.broadcast.com

• Television News Archive (Vanderbilt University) tvnews.vanderbilt.edu/

• 1st Headline News www.1stheadlines.com/

• Free News Index www.newsindex.com/freenews.html

• AP Wire wire.ap.org/

• Moreover w.moreover.com/

• Electric Library wwws.elibrary.com/id/238/100/search.cgi?id=

• Editorial Opinion Pages www.opinion-pages.org/united_states.htm

New York

• New York Wired www.newyorkwired.com/

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• Empire Page www.empirepage.com/

• Gotham Gazette (NYC) www.gothamgazette.com/

• New York News Papers Online (NewsDirectory.com) www.newsdirectory.com/news/press/na/us/ny/

E-Bulletins

Receive summaries and news concerning recent Supreme Court, federal and state court decisions by email.

• United States Supreme Court E-Bulletin (LII) www.law.cornell.edu/focus/bulletins.html

• Supreme Court News and Decisions (Willamette University College of Law) www.willamette.edu/wucl/wlo/us-supreme/

• Legal Newswire www.lawnewsnetwork.com/newswire/

• Findlaw Newsletters newsletters.findlaw.com/

• Moreover.com Newsletters www.moreover.com

New York

• New York Court of Appeals E-Bulletin (LII) www.law.cornell.edu/bulletin/index.htm

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Listservs

Listservs are forums where practitioners and academics share ideas, pose questions and discuss issues and resources related to particular topics, such as the Death Penalty, forensics and psychiatry.

• ABA Network www.abanet.org/discussions/home.html

• Equal Justice Network www.equaljustice.org/connections/listoflists.htm#acces s

• Findlaw’s Legal Minds www.legalminds.org/

• Law Lists (University of Chicago Law School) www.lib.uchicago.edu/~llou/lawlists/info.html

• Stetson University College of Law www.law.stetson.edu/law/

• Tennessee Criminal Law Defense Resources Criminal and Law Links www.tncrimlaw.com/crimlist.html

POST-CONVICTION

Habeas Corpus

• Federal Habeas Corpus Review (Findlaw) findlaw.com/habeas/index.html

• New Habeas Act: AEDPA (Findlaw) findlaw.com/habeas/checklist.html

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• Capital Defense Network’s Habeas Assistance and Training www.capdefnet.org/hat/contents/hat_webcontents.htm

PRACTICE OF LAW

Employment

• EmployerNet (Lexis-Nexis) www.employernet.com/index.cfm

• Equal Justice Network www.equaljustice.org/jobs/index.html

• Job Links for Lawyers home.sprynet.com/~ear2ground/

• Jurist jurist.law.pitt.edu/position.htm

• Legal Employment Search Site www.legalemploy.com

• NLADA Job Opportunities www.nlada.org/jobop.htm

New York

• NYSDA Jobs www.nysda.org/Contact_Us/Jobs/jobs.html

Law Office Management

• Management Information Exchange www.m-i-e.org/

• Mind Manager www.mindmanager.com

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• The Brain www.thebrain.com

• New Way to Manage Law Firm Knowledge, New York Law Journal, January 24, 2000 www.nylj.com/tech/012400t1.html

Law Office Supplies

• Biz Buyer www.bizbuyer.com/default.asp?sourceID=3866

• Office Depot www.officedepot.com

• Office Max www.officemax.com/FreeDelivery/catalog.html

• Staples www.staples.com

Law Office Technology

• Dennis Kennedy’s Legal Technology Primer www.denniskennedy.com/ltprimer.htm

• LawyerWare www.lawyerware.com/

• Micro Law www.microlaw.com/

• Law Technology News www.lawtechnews.com/

• Technology Surveys (ABA) www.abanet.org/tech/ltrc/surveys/home.html

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New York

• GungaWeb: Web-Based Analysis of New York State Criminal Law www.gungaweb.com

• Crime Time (Tompkins County DA) www.tompkins-co.org/distatto/CrimeTime.html

PowerPoint

• Presenters Online www.presentersonline.com

• Element K Journals www.elementkjournals.com/

• Presenters University www.presentersuniversity.com/default.cfm

• PowerPoint Master Class www.zdnet.com/anchordesk/story/story_4542.html

Strategic Planning

• Strategic Planning for Information Technology (Center for Computer-Assisted Legal Instruction) www.cali.org/jlsc/molina.html

• Strategic Planning Report: Indigent Defense Committee Wisconsin Bar Association www.wisbar.org/bar/provision/reports/indigent.html

PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITY

Conflicts of interest, confidentiality and other ethical questions can be answered by examining bar association ethics codes and opinions online.

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• Legal Ethics Resource Guide (Cornell University School of Law) www.lawschool.cornell.edu/lawlibrary/finding_the_la w/guides_by_topic/ethics.htm

• FindLaw Ethics Guide www.findlaw.com/01topics/14ethics/index.html

• LegalEthics.com www.legalethics.com/ethicsites.htm

New York

• New York State Bar Association Ethics Opinions www.nysba.org/opinions/opinions.html

• Association of the Bar of the City of New York Ethics Opinions www.abcny.org/eth1999.htm

• New York County Lawyers Association Ethics Opinions www.nycla.org/library/ethics.htm

• Nassau County Bar Association Ethics Opinions www.nassaubar.org/ethic_opinions.cfm

• Suffolk County Bar Association Ethics Opinions www.scba.org/ethics_opinions.html

PUBLIC DEFENSE

Criminal defense and related organizations publish newsletters and articles, reports on current issues, motions and briefs, training calendars and standards of practice. They post links to web sites on criminal law research, such as forensics or the death penalty. Information about joining assigned counsel panels, training and eligibility requirements is also available.

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National

• National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers (NACDL) www.nacdl.org

• National Legal Aid and Defender Association (NLADA) www.nlada.org

• American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) www.aclu.org/

• American Civil Liberties Affiliate Directory www.aclu.org/community/community.html

• Amnesty International (AI) www.amnestyusa.org/

• Equal Justice Network www.equaljustice.org

• Human Rights Watch (HRW) www.hrw.org/

Federal

• Association of Federal Defense Attorneys www.afda.org/new/

• Web Sites for Federal Defenders www.geocities.com/fpdweb/

State

• Georgia Indigent Defense Council www.gidc.com/

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• Kentucky Department of Public Advocacy dpa.state.ky.us/

• Lake County Public Defender (IL) www.co.lake.il.us/PUBDEF/INDEX.HTM

• Louisiana Indigent Defender Board www.lidb.com/

• Michigan State Appellate Defender Office www.sado.org/

• Tennessee Criminal Law Defense Resources www.tncrimlaw.com/

New York

• New York State Defenders Association (NYSDA) www.nysda.org

• New York State Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers www.nysacdl.org/

• Albany County Public Defenders Office www.albanycounty.com/departments/publicdefender/

• Association of Assigned Counsel (NYC) www.internet-esq.com/ny18-b.htm

• Brooklyn Defender Services www.bds.org

• Capital Defender Office www.nycdo.org/

• Cayuga County Assigned Counsel Program co.cayuga.ny.us/counsel/index.html

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• Cortland County Public Defender www2.cortland-co.org/pubdef/public%20defender.htm

• Erie County Bar Association Aid to Indigent Prisoners Society assigned.org/

• Jefferson County Public Defender www.sunyjefferson.edu/JC/Services/Departments/pub def.html

• Legal Aid Society of New York www.legal-aid.org

• Monroe County Assigned Counsel Program www.mcacp.org

• Neighborhood Defender Service www.ndsny.org/

• Office of the Appellate Defender (NYC) www.appellatedefender.org/

• Orleans County Public Defender www.orleansny.com/pubdef.htm

• Steuben County Public Defender www.steubencony.org/pubdef.html

• Tompkins County Assigned Counsel Program people.clarityconnect.com/webpages2/ir/be0raab1.htm

Assigned Counsel Rates

New York

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• Assigned Counsel Rates (NYSDA) www.nysda.org/Hot_Topics/Assigned_Counsel_Rates/ assigned_counsel_rates.html

• Resolving the Assigned Counsel Fee Crisis: An Opportunity to Provide County Fiscal Relief and Quality Public Defense Services (NYSDA 2001) www.nysda.org/ResolvingtheAssignedCounselFeeCrisis _01.pdf

• Determining Eligibility for Appointed Counsel in New York State (NYSDA) www.nysda.org/Publications/NYSDA_Reports___Stud ies/TOC_NYSDAEligibilityReport.htm

Criminal Defense Practice

New York

• Criminal Defendant Handbook (OCA) www.courts.state.ny.us/Handcrimdef.html

• What You Should Know If You Accused of a Crime (Joyce B. David) www.getty.net/texts/law-1.txt

• Criminal Court of the City of New York www.courts.state.ny.us/crim0498.htm

• How to Read the New York State Rap Sheet criminaljustice.state.ny.us/crimnet/cust/rapsheet.pdf

• New York State Criminal Justice Agencies criminaljustice.state.ny.us/crimnet/ojsa/agdir/agencyd r.pdf

Indigent Defense Systems

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• Spangenberg Group www.spangenberggroup.com/

• Spangenberg Group Publications www.spangenberggroup.com/pub.html

• Spangenberg Group Newsletters www.spangenberggroup.com/tsg_report.html

• Comparative Analysis of Indigent Defense Expenditures and Caseloads in States with Mixed State and County Funding (Spangenberg Group 1998) www.gidc.com/spangen.htm

• Indigent Defense Systems in the United States, 58 Law and Contemporary Problems 1 (1995) (Spangenberg Group) www.pili.org/library/access/law_and_contemporary_p roblems.htm

New York

• Defense Standards (NYSDA) www.nysda.org/Defense_Services/defense_services.ht ml

• New York Capital Defense (NYSDA) www.nysda.org/Defense_Services/NY_Capital_Defens e/ny_capital_defense.html

• Public Defense Data (NYSDA) www.nysda.org/NYSDA_Resources/Public_Defense_D ata/public_defense_data.html

• Public Defense Providers (NYSDA) www.nysda.org/Defense_Services/defense_services.ht ml

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• Structure of the Public Defense Systems in New York State (NYSDA) www.nysda.org/Defense_Services/NY_Indigent_Defen se_Structure/ny_indigent_defense_structure.html

• Technical Studies, Model Forms and Other Reports (NYSDA) www.nysda.org/NYSDA_Resources/Public_Defense_D ata/public_defense_data.html

Standards

• ABA Division of Legal Services www.ambar.org/legalservices/

• Compendium of Standards for Indigent Defense Systems (BJA) www.ojp.usdoj.gov/indigentdefense/compendium/

• Indigent Defense Standards and Guidelines Index (ABA) www.ambar.org/legalservices/indefstd.txt

• Defense Standards Links (NYSDA) www.nysda.org/Defense_Services/defense_services.ht ml

• Standards (NLADA) www.nlada.org/Defender/Defender_Standards/Defend er_Standards_Home

• Standards and Guidelines (NACDL) www.criminaljustice.org/indigent/guides.htm

• Standards for Death Penalty Cases And Civil Legal Service (ABA) www.abanet.org/legalservices/divhomedownload.html

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REFERENCE MATERIALS

Reference Tools

• Legal and Law Reference Site www.mnsfld.edu/depts/lib/mu-ref.html

• Reference Desk www.refdesk.com

• Research-It! www.itools.com/research-it/

• Virtual Library Reference Desk www.washlaw.edu/reflaw/reflaw.html

• Washlaw Web www.washlaw.edu/reflaw/reflaw.html

Encyclopedias

• Columbia Encyclopedia www.bartleby.com/65/

• Encyclopedia Britannica $ www.britannica.com

• Legal Research Encyclopedia (Cornell University School of Law) www.lawschool.cornell.edu/lawlibrary/encyclopedia/

New York

• New York Courts and Law Guide www6.law.com/ny/guide/

Dictionaries

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• Cambridge Dictionaries Online dictionary.cambridge.org/

• Dictionary.com www.dictionary.com

• Law Dictionary dictionary.law.com/

• Merriam-Webster www.m-w.com

• Nolo’s Law Dictionary www.nolo.com/dictionary/wordindex.cfm

• Quotations quotations.miningco.com/arts/quotations/

• Thesaurus www.thesaurus.com

• YourDictionary.com www.yourdictionary.com

Language and Style Manuals

• Strunk and White’s Elements of Style www.bartleby.com/141/index.html

Medical Information

• American Medical Association (AMA) www.ama-assn.org

• Free Medical Journals www.freemedicaljournals.com/

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• Lab Tests Online www.labtestsonline.org/

• Medical Specialty Organization Index www.msmnet.com/resources/specialty.htm

• MedicineNet www.medicinenet.com

• Medline www.mdicinenet.com

• Merck Manual www.merck.com/pubs/mmanual/sections.htm

• Pharma-Lexicon: A Dictionary of Pharmaceutical Medicine www.pharma-lexicon.com/

TERRORISM LAW

This is a compilation of laws and executive and administrative orders enacted since September 11th, as well as other relevant existing laws. News, reports, guides and research links to current sources of information are also included.

National Legislation and Orders

• U.S.A. Patriot Act of 2001, Public Law No. 107-56 (H.R.3162) thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d107:h.r.03162:

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• Monitoring Attorney-Client Communications - Federal Bureau of Prisons: National Security; Prevention of Acts of Violence and Terrorism; Final Rule (October 31, 2001) frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi- bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2001_register&docid=01- 27472-filed.pdf

• Military Tribunals-Military Order: Detention, Treatment, and Trial of Certain Non-Citizens in the War Against Terrorism, Presidential Order (November 13, 2001) www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2001/11/20011113 -27.html

• Public Law No: 107-40. A Joint Resolution to Authorize the Use of United States Armed Forces Against Those Responsible for the Recent Attacks Launched Against the United States thomas.loc.gov/cgi- bin/bdquery/z?d107:SJ00023:|TOM:/bss/d107query.h tm

• Title 10 USC Armed Forces (U.S. House of Representatives) uscode.house.gov/title_10.htm

• Title 10 USC Chapter 47: Uniform Code of Military Justice (U.S. House of Representatives) uscode.house.gov/DOWNLOAD/10C47.DOC

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• Ex Parte Quirin , 317 U.S. 1 (1942). (Denial of habeas corpus action challenging detention of petitioners by military commission, appointed by the Order of the President of July 2, 1942, for violating the Articles of War) laws.findlaw.com/us/317/1.html

National Legislative and Administrative Resources

• Federal Legislation Related to the Attack of September 11, 2001 (Thomas) thomas.loc.gov/home/terrorleg.htm

• DOJ Response to Terrorist Attacks www.usdoj.gov/ag/terrorismaftermath.html

• DOJ Oversight: Preserving Our Freedoms While Defending Against Terrorism (Senate Committee on the Judiciary Hearing November 28, 2001) judiciary.senate.gov/hr112801f.htm

• Terrorism Measures and Related NLADA Materials (NLADA) www.nlada.org/Defender/Shared/Terrorism

New York Legislation and Orders

• Anti-Terrorism Act of 2001 www.nysda.org/Defense_News/NYAntiTerrorismAct20 01.pdf

• World Trade Center Emergency Executive Orders www.state.ny.us/sept11/wtc_exeorders.html

New York Legislative and Administrative Resources

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• How to Trace New York State Regulations and Executive Orders (Albany Law School) www.als.edu/lib/als_nyre.html

• New York State Disaster and Terrorism Legislation for 2001 (LLRX) www.llrx.com/features/nydisaster.htm

Reports

• Criminal Enforcement Against Terrorists (Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse 2001) trac.syr.edu/tracreports/terrorism/report011203.html

• Upsetting Checks and Balances: Congressional Hostility Towards the Courts in Times of Crisis (ACLU 2001) www.aclu.org/congress/courtstripping.PDF

Resources

• 9-11-2001 News and Legal Resources, Information and Related Services (LLRX) www.llrx.com/newstand/wtc.htm

• ABA Disaster Legal Services www.abanet.org/legalservices/disaster.html

• ABA Task Force on Terrorism and the Law www.abanet.org/journal/dec01/awash.html

• Bibliography on Terrorism, Bioterrorism, the Middle East, and 9-11 Related Issues (LLRX) www.llrx.com/features/terrorbiblio.htm

• Bureau of Consular Affairs (DOS) www.travel.state.gov/

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• Civil Liberties (Yahoo) dailynews.yahoo.com/fc/US/Civil_Liberties/

• Documents in Civil and Criminal Cases (Findlaw) news.findlaw.com/legalnews/us/terrorism/cases/index. html

• Fighting Terrorism/Protecting Liberty (NACDL) www.nacdl.org/public.nsf/freeform/terrorism1?opendo cument

• Immigration Reference Materials Related to September 11 Terrorist Attack (American Immigration Law Foundation) www.ailf.org/911/

• Multi-Lingual “Know Your Rights!” Pamphlet to Educate Public (ACLU) www.aclu.org/news/2001/n111401a.html

• National Security (ACLU) www.aclu.org/issues/security/hmns.html

• New York City Legal Aid Society WTC Related Updates and Guides www.legal-aid.org/

• New York State Unified Court System www.courts.state.ny.us/

• Newslib Research Queries www.ibiblio.org/journalism/NWSworldtradecenter.htm l

• Post-September 11 Environment: Access to Government Information (OMB Watch) www.ombwatch.org/info/2001/access.html

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• Question of Balance (Law.com) www.law.com/cgi- bin/gx.cgi/AppLogic+FTContentServer?pagename=law /View&c=Article&cid=ZZZGKFMUTRC&live=true&cst= 1&pc=0&pa=0&s=News&ExpIgnore=true&showsumma ry=0

• Safe and Free Clearinghouse (ACLU) www.aclu.org/safeandfree/index.html

• September 11 Archive (LOC) september11.archive.org/

• September 11 Tragedy (Empire Page) www.empirepage.com/911/index.html

• Special Coverage: War on Terrorism (Findlaw) news.findlaw.com/legalnews/us/terrorism/documents/ index.html

• Terrorism Law and Policy (Jurist) jurist.law.pitt.edu/terrorism.htm

• Updates on War Against Terrorism (CrimeLynx) www.crimelynx.com/terrorism.html

• Vienna Convention on Consular Relations (1963) (Article 36 Communication and Contact With Nationals of the Sending State) www.un.org/law/ilc/texts/consul.htm

• West Group Crisis Response Team company.findlaw.com/pr/2001/091301.wtc2.html

• World Trade Center Attack: Official Documents (Columbia University Libraries) web.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/indiv/dsc/wtc.html

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• World Trade Center Disaster Assistance (NYSBA) www.nysba.org/wtc/index.htm

• World Trade Center Disaster Recovery (NYS Archives and State Historical Records Advisory Board) www.nyshrab.org/WTC/wtc.html

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GLOSSARY

ASCII: American Standard Code for Information Interchange is a protocol for substituting numbers for letters of the alphabet and other characters. ASCII files are unadorned text posted on many web sites because they can be read by most programs.

Boolean Logic: The relationships among search terms can be ordered through Boolean connectors, e.g., AND, OR, NOT, to nar- row or broaden search results

DSL: Digital Subscriber Line is a service that provides fast access (much faster than a modem) to the Internet through conventional telephone lines.

Hits: Search results or individual pages found through an Internet search engine.

HTML: Hypertext Markup Language is a code used to create documents that can be viewed on the Internet using a web browser.

HTTP: HyperText Transfer Protocol is the means for transferring files and information, particularly web pages, through the Inter- net. It precedes most web addresses, e.g., http://www.nysda.org.

Hyperlinks and Hypertext: Connections between links on one web page to another web page, document, or another portion of the same web page.

Invisible Web (Deep Web): Web content, such as databases, hidden below the surface of the web and not indexed by conventional search engines. It is the material typically discovered by using a specific web page’s search site engine.

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Internet: Network of networks linking myriad computers databases worldwide.

ISDN: Integrated Services Digital Network is a method for providing high-speed access to the Internet through phone lines using digital circuitry.

Modem (Dial-up Modem): Hardware used to communicate with an Internet Service Provider or database host by converting signals sent through telephone lines.

PDF: Portable Document Format is a method for posting documents on the web that can be read by using an Adobe Acrobat Reader. The software can be downloaded for free at www.adobe.com and operates seamlessly through your web browser.

Portal: An Internet Portal is a web page that contains access points to search engines, news sources, specialty databases and other pages. They are gaining popularity due to their comprehen- siveness and convenience.

RTF: Rich Text Format is an interchange format that allows documents to be read by most programs.

URL (Web Address): Uniform Resource Locator is the address of a web site on the Internet.

Web Browser (Internet Browser): Program for accessing information on the World Wide Web, such as Internet Explorer or Netscape.

WWW: World Wide Web is the part of the Internet in which information is connected through computers using hypertext links.

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