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500 Natural Sciences and Mathematics
500 500 Natural sciences and mathematics Natural sciences: sciences that deal with matter and energy, or with objects and processes observable in nature Class here interdisciplinary works on natural and applied sciences Class natural history in 508. Class scientific principles of a subject with the subject, plus notation 01 from Table 1, e.g., scientific principles of photography 770.1 For government policy on science, see 338.9; for applied sciences, see 600 See Manual at 231.7 vs. 213, 500, 576.8; also at 338.9 vs. 352.7, 500; also at 500 vs. 001 SUMMARY 500.2–.8 [Physical sciences, space sciences, groups of people] 501–509 Standard subdivisions and natural history 510 Mathematics 520 Astronomy and allied sciences 530 Physics 540 Chemistry and allied sciences 550 Earth sciences 560 Paleontology 570 Biology 580 Plants 590 Animals .2 Physical sciences For astronomy and allied sciences, see 520; for physics, see 530; for chemistry and allied sciences, see 540; for earth sciences, see 550 .5 Space sciences For astronomy, see 520; for earth sciences in other worlds, see 550. For space sciences aspects of a specific subject, see the subject, plus notation 091 from Table 1, e.g., chemical reactions in space 541.390919 See Manual at 520 vs. 500.5, 523.1, 530.1, 919.9 .8 Groups of people Add to base number 500.8 the numbers following —08 in notation 081–089 from Table 1, e.g., women in science 500.82 501 Philosophy and theory Class scientific method as a general research technique in 001.4; class scientific method applied in the natural sciences in 507.2 502 Miscellany 577 502 Dewey Decimal Classification 502 .8 Auxiliary techniques and procedures; apparatus, equipment, materials Including microscopy; microscopes; interdisciplinary works on microscopy Class stereology with compound microscopes, stereology with electron microscopes in 502; class interdisciplinary works on photomicrography in 778.3 For manufacture of microscopes, see 681. -
Nest-Site Selection by Western Screech-Owls in the Sonoran Desert, Arizona
Western North American Naturalist Volume 63 Number 4 Article 16 12-3-2003 Nest-site selection by Western Screech-Owls in the Sonoran Desert, Arizona Paul C. Hardy University of Arizona, Tucson Michael L. Morrison University of California, Bishop Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/wnan Recommended Citation Hardy, Paul C. and Morrison, Michael L. (2003) "Nest-site selection by Western Screech-Owls in the Sonoran Desert, Arizona," Western North American Naturalist: Vol. 63 : No. 4 , Article 16. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/wnan/vol63/iss4/16 This Note is brought to you for free and open access by the Western North American Naturalist Publications at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Western North American Naturalist by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Western North American Naturalist 63(4), ©2003, pp. 533-537 NEST~SITE SELECTION BY WESTERN SCREECH~OWLS IN THE SONORAN DESERT, ARIZONA Paul C. Hardyl,2 and Michael L. Morrison3 Key words: Gila Woodpecker, Gilded Flicker, nest-site selection, Otus kennicottii, saguaro cacti, Sonoran Desert, West ern Screech~Owl. The Western ScreecbOwl (Otus kennicottii) valley includes the creosote (Larrea triden is a small, nocturnal, secondary caVity-nesting tata)~white bursage (Ambrosia dumosa) series, bird that is a year-round resident throughout and in runnels and washes, the mixed-scrub much of western North America and Mexico series (Turner and Brown 1994). Temperatures (Marshall 1957, Phillips et al. 1964, AOU 1983, for the Arizona Upland and Lower Colorado Johnsgard 1988, Cannings and Angell 2001). -
Tinamiformes – Falconiformes
LIST OF THE 2,008 BIRD SPECIES (WITH SCIENTIFIC AND ENGLISH NAMES) KNOWN FROM THE A.O.U. CHECK-LIST AREA. Notes: "(A)" = accidental/casualin A.O.U. area; "(H)" -- recordedin A.O.U. area only from Hawaii; "(I)" = introducedinto A.O.U. area; "(N)" = has not bred in A.O.U. area but occursregularly as nonbreedingvisitor; "?" precedingname = extinct. TINAMIFORMES TINAMIDAE Tinamus major Great Tinamou. Nothocercusbonapartei Highland Tinamou. Crypturellus soui Little Tinamou. Crypturelluscinnamomeus Thicket Tinamou. Crypturellusboucardi Slaty-breastedTinamou. Crypturellus kerriae Choco Tinamou. GAVIIFORMES GAVIIDAE Gavia stellata Red-throated Loon. Gavia arctica Arctic Loon. Gavia pacifica Pacific Loon. Gavia immer Common Loon. Gavia adamsii Yellow-billed Loon. PODICIPEDIFORMES PODICIPEDIDAE Tachybaptusdominicus Least Grebe. Podilymbuspodiceps Pied-billed Grebe. ?Podilymbusgigas Atitlan Grebe. Podicepsauritus Horned Grebe. Podicepsgrisegena Red-neckedGrebe. Podicepsnigricollis Eared Grebe. Aechmophorusoccidentalis Western Grebe. Aechmophorusclarkii Clark's Grebe. PROCELLARIIFORMES DIOMEDEIDAE Thalassarchechlororhynchos Yellow-nosed Albatross. (A) Thalassarchecauta Shy Albatross.(A) Thalassarchemelanophris Black-browed Albatross. (A) Phoebetriapalpebrata Light-mantled Albatross. (A) Diomedea exulans WanderingAlbatross. (A) Phoebastriaimmutabilis Laysan Albatross. Phoebastrianigripes Black-lootedAlbatross. Phoebastriaalbatrus Short-tailedAlbatross. (N) PROCELLARIIDAE Fulmarus glacialis Northern Fulmar. Pterodroma neglecta KermadecPetrel. (A) Pterodroma -
Periodic and Transient Motions of Large Woodpeckers Michael D
www.nature.com/scientificreports Correction: Publisher Correction OPEN Periodic and transient motions of large woodpeckers Michael D. Collins Two types of periodic and transient motions of large woodpeckers are considered. A drumming Received: 3 July 2017 woodpecker may be modeled as a harmonic oscillator with a periodic forcing function. The transient Accepted: 12 September 2017 behavior that occurs after the forcing is turned of suggests that the double knocks of Campephilus Published: xx xx xxxx woodpeckers may be modeled in terms of a harmonic oscillator with an impulsive forcing, and this hypothesis is consistent with audio and video recordings. Wingbeats are another type of periodic and transient motion of large woodpeckers. A model for the fap rate in cruising fight is applied to the Pileated Woodpecker (Dryocopus pileatus) and the Ivory-billed Woodpecker (Campephilus principalis). During a brief transient just after taking of, the wing motion and fap rate of a large woodpecker may not be the same as in cruising fight. These concepts are relevant to videos that contain evidence for the persistence of the Ivory-billed Woodpecker. Drumming and wingbeats are two types of periodic motion of large woodpeckers. Tis paper discusses these behaviors and related transient motions that occur in evidence for the persistence of the Ivory-billed Woodpecker (Campephilus principalis)1–3. Most woodpeckers signal by drumming, which consists of a rapid series of blows with the bill. Audio S1 contains four drumming events by nearby and distant Pileated Woodpeckers (Dryocopus pileatus). Some members of the Campephilus genus do not engage in this type of drumming but instead signal with double knocks. -
Trip Report February 12 – 21, 2020 | Written by Dodie Logue
Southern Belize: Pristine & Wild | Trip Report February 12 – 21, 2020 | Written by Dodie Logue With Guide Dodie Logue, and participants Dennis, Helen, Kay, Hayden, Judy, Tony, Christine, Larry, Carol, Jamie, Ellen, Naturalist Journeys, LLC | Caligo Ventures PO Box 16545 Portal, AZ 85632 PH: 520.558.1146 | 866.900.1146 Fax 650.471.7667 naturalistjourneys.com | caligo.com [email protected] | [email protected] Wed., Feb. 12 Early arrivals | Transfer to Crooked Tree | Pre-extension Today most of the group arrived; some had come in a day or two earlier on their own. There were airport shuttles and getting situated in the two lodges, Crooked Tree and Beck’s, which were just over a mile apart. Some of the earlier arrivals had a little time to bird the grounds of their lodge. Crooked Tree Village is a small area, NW of Belize City, about 45 minutes by car. The residents rely on tourism, as well as fishing and farming, for their livelihood. Crooked Tree Wildlife Sanctuary was established in 1984 and is run by Audubon. It encompasses around 25 square miles of government-sanctioned land, including freshwater lagoons, savannah, and broadleaf and pine woods. Some of the birds seen right on the grounds for the early arrivals were Black- cowled Oriole, Red-lored Parrot, and Lineated Woodpecker. There were two airport shuttles to pick up the various arrivals, and at 6:30 PM we all met as a group in the dining room at Beck’s for a meal of coconut curry fish, herbed chicken, and rice and beans. Hearty and delicious! Most were tired from a long travel day and, knowing about the early departure the next morning, we all went off to our lodges and were soon tucked in. -
Redalyc.The Role of Historical and Local Factors in Determining Species
Revista de Biología Tropical ISSN: 0034-7744 [email protected] Universidad de Costa Rica Costa Rica Barrantes, Gilbert The role of historical and local factors in determining species composition of the highland avifauna of Costa Rica and Western Panamá Revista de Biología Tropical, vol. 57, núm. 1, noviembre, 2009, pp. 333-349 Universidad de Costa Rica San Pedro de Montes de Oca, Costa Rica Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=44918950029 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative The role of historical and local factors in determining species composition of the highland avifauna of Costa Rica and Western Panamá Gilbert Barrantes Escuela de biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, 11501-2060, San José, Costa Rica; [email protected] Received 30-VI-2007. Corrected 09-X-2008. Accepted 18-XI-2008. Abstract: The formation of the mountain ranges of Costa Rica and western Panamá, as well as the cold climatic conditions that prevailed during the upper Pleistocene, played a crucial role in determining the bird species composition of the highlands in this region. Glacial conditions favored dispersal movements of bird species from the Andes, and from the Neartic region. Subsequent inter-glacial conditions reduced the connectivity between neotropical highlands (e.g., Talamanca-Andes), and between neotropical highlands and Neartic temper- ate region, isolating recently established populations from the ancestral populations, and promoting speciation. -
Landbird Monitoring in the Sonoran Desert Network 2012 Annual Report
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Landbird Monitoring in the Sonoran Desert Network 2012 Annual Report Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/SODN/NRTR—2013/744 ON THE COVER Hooded Oriole (Icterus cucullatus). Photo by Moez Ali. Landbird Monitoring in the Sonoran Desert Network 2012 Annual Report Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/SODN/NRTR—2013/744 Authors Moez Ali Rocky Mountain Bird Observatory 230 Cherry Street, Suite 150 Fort Collins, Colorado 80521 Kristen Beaupré National Park Service Sonoran Desert Network 7660 E. Broadway Blvd, Suite 303 Tucson, Arizona 85710 Patricia Valentine-Darby University of West Florida Department of Biology 11000 University Parkway Pensacola, Florida 32514 Chris White Rocky Mountain Bird Observatory 230 Cherry Street, Suite 150 Fort Collins, Colorado 80521 Project Contact Robert E. Bennetts National Park Service Southern Plains Network Capulin Volcano National Monument PO Box 40 Des Moines, New Mexico 88418 May 2013 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colora- do, publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics. These reports are of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource manage- ment, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Technical Report Series is used to disseminate results of scientific studies in the physical, biological, and social sciences for both the advancement of science and the achievement of the National Park Service mission. -
Global Trends in Woodpecker Cavity Entrance Orientation: Latitudinal and Continental Effects Suggest Regional Climate Influence Author(S): Lukas Landler, Michelle A
Global Trends in Woodpecker Cavity Entrance Orientation: Latitudinal and Continental Effects Suggest Regional Climate Influence Author(s): Lukas Landler, Michelle A. Jusino, James Skelton & Jeffrey R. Walters Source: Acta Ornithologica, 49(2):257-266. Published By: Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3161/173484714X687145 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.3161/173484714X687145 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. ACTA ORNITHOLOGICA Vol. 49 (2014) No. 2 Global trends in woodpecker cavity entrance orientation: latitudinal and continental effects suggest regional climate influence Lukas LANDLER1*, Michelle A. JUSINO1,2, James SKELTON1 & Jeffrey R. WALTERS1 1Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, 1405 Perry Street, Blacksburg, Virginia, 24061, USA 2Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1550 Linden Drive, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA *Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] Landler L., Jusino M. -
The Diets of Neotropical Trogons, Motmots, Barbets and Toucans
The Condor 95:178-192 0 The Cooper Ornithological Society 1993 THE DIETS OF NEOTROPICAL TROGONS, MOTMOTS, BARBETS AND TOUCANS J. V. REMSEN, JR., MARY ANN HYDE~ AND ANGELA CHAPMAN Museum of Natural Scienceand Department of Zoology and Physiology, Louisiana State University,Baton Rouge, LA. 70803 Abstract. Although membership in broad diet categoriesis a standardfeature of community analysesof Neotropical birds, the bases for assignmentsto diet categoriesare usually not stated, or they are derived from anecdotal information or bill shape. We used notations of stomachcontents on museum specimenlabels to assessmembership in broad diet categories (“fruit only,” “ arthropods only,” and “fruit and arthropods”) for speciesof four families of birds in the Neotropics usually consideredto have a mixed diet of fruit and animal matter: trogons (Trogonidae), motmots (Momotidae), New World barbets (Capitonidae), and tou- cans (Ramphastidae). An assessmentof the accuracyof label data by direct comparison to independentmicroscopic analysis of actual stomachcontents of the same specimensshowed that label notations were remarkably accurate.The specimen label data for 246 individuals of 17 speciesof Trogonidae showed that quetzals (Pharomachrus)differ significantly from other trogons (Trogon) in being more fiugivorous. Significant differences in degree of fru- givory were found among various Trogonspecies. Within the Trogonidae, degreeof frugivory is strongly correlated with body size, the larger speciesbeing more frugivorous. The more frugivorous quetzals (Pharomachrus)have relatively flatter bills than other trogons, in ac- cordancewith predictions concerningmorphology of frugivores;otherwise, bill morphology correlated poorly with degree of fiugivory. An analysis of label data from 124 individuals of six speciesof motmots showed that one species(Electron platyrhynchum)is highly in- sectivorous,differing significantlyfrom two others that are more frugivorous(Baryphthengus martii and Momotus momota). -
NB25-SLS-Schulenberg
>> SPLITS, LUMPS AND SHUFFLES Splits, lumps and shuffles Thomas S. Schulenberg This series focuses on recent taxonomic proposals – descriptions of new taxa, splits, lumps or reorganisations – that are likely to be of greatest interest to birders. This latest instalment includes: the possible lumps of Scale-breasted Woodpecker and South Georgia Pipit; a split in Red-billed Woodcreeper; a split in Highland Elaenia, and yet another possible lump in White-crested Elaenia; and a too-early-to-call-for-a-split-but-keep-an-eye-on-it study of Correndera Pipit. Sayonara, Scale-breasted There has been some grumbling over the years that a subspecies of Waved (amacurensis, of Woodpecker? northeastern Venezuela) perhaps belongs instead cale-breasted Woodpecker Celeus with Scale-breasted (Short 1982), and reports that grammicus and Waved Woodpecker C. not only were their vocalisations indistinguishable S undatus are two similar species that replace (Ridgely & Greenfield 2001), but even that each each other geographically, occupying respectively responded to playback of calls of the other (Restall the western and eastern portions of Amazonia. et al. 2006). Nonetheless the species status of the 2 1 3 Just lookalikes or the same species? 1 Scale-breasted Woodpecker Celeus grammicus, Iranduba, Amazonas, Brazil, September 2013 (Anselmo d’Affonseca); 2–3 Waved Woodpecker C. undatus, both Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil: 2 November 2011 (Anselmo d’Affonseca), 3 May 2017 (Tomaz Nascimento de Melo; 8 lattes.cnpq.br/0736734315806511). The absence of diagnostic vocal, plumage, or genetic differences between the two all seems to lead to the conclusion that there is one fewer species of woodpecker in the world. -
Bird) Species List
Aves (Bird) Species List Higher Classification1 Kingdom: Animalia, Phyllum: Chordata, Class: Reptilia, Diapsida, Archosauria, Aves Order (O:) and Family (F:) English Name2 Scientific Name3 O: Tinamiformes (Tinamous) F: Tinamidae (Tinamous) Great Tinamou Tinamus major Highland Tinamou Nothocercus bonapartei O: Galliformes (Turkeys, Pheasants & Quail) F: Cracidae Black Guan Chamaepetes unicolor (Chachalacas, Guans & Curassows) Gray-headed Chachalaca Ortalis cinereiceps F: Odontophoridae (New World Quail) Black-breasted Wood-quail Odontophorus leucolaemus Buffy-crowned Wood-Partridge Dendrortyx leucophrys Marbled Wood-Quail Odontophorus gujanensis Spotted Wood-Quail Odontophorus guttatus O: Suliformes (Cormorants) F: Fregatidae (Frigatebirds) Magnificent Frigatebird Fregata magnificens O: Pelecaniformes (Pelicans, Tropicbirds & Allies) F: Ardeidae (Herons, Egrets & Bitterns) Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis O: Charadriiformes (Sandpipers & Allies) F: Scolopacidae (Sandpipers) Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularius O: Gruiformes (Cranes & Allies) F: Rallidae (Rails) Gray-Cowled Wood-Rail Aramides cajaneus O: Accipitriformes (Diurnal Birds of Prey) F: Cathartidae (Vultures & Condors) Black Vulture Coragyps atratus Turkey Vulture Cathartes aura F: Pandionidae (Osprey) Osprey Pandion haliaetus F: Accipitridae (Hawks, Eagles & Kites) Barred Hawk Morphnarchus princeps Broad-winged Hawk Buteo platypterus Double-toothed Kite Harpagus bidentatus Gray-headed Kite Leptodon cayanensis Northern Harrier Circus cyaneus Ornate Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus ornatus Red-tailed -
Decay Fungi Associated with Cavity Excavation by a Large South American Woodpecker
Received: 9 February 2020 | Revised: 27 August 2020 | Accepted: 3 September 2020 DOI: 10.1111/efp.12634 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Decay fungi associated with cavity excavation by a large South American woodpecker Carla Pozzi1 | Mario Rajchenberg2 | Valeria Ojeda3 1Departamento de Conservación y Educación Ambiental – Parque Nacional Abstract Nahuel Huapi, Bariloche, Argentina In temperate systems of the Northern Hemisphere, wood-decay fungi are known to 2 Centro de Investigación y Extensión facilitate cavity excavation by woodpeckers. For South America, woodpecker–fungi Forestal Andino Patagónico (CIEFAP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones interactions have not been explored. The aim of this work was to identify wood- Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), decay fungi associated with the process of cavity excavation by the Magellanic Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia S.J. Bosco, Esquel, Argentina woodpecker (Campephilus magellanicus), a large South American picid that excavates 3INIBIOMA (CONICET-Universidad Nacional on living trees. The survey was conducted in old-growth Nothofagus pumilio forests del Comahue), Bariloche, Argentina of Patagonia. For freshly excavated cavities, wood condition was assessed, adjacent Correspondence basidiocarps were collected, and fungal cultures were obtained from wood samples Valeria Ojeda, INIBIOMA (CONICET- Universidad Nacional del Comahue), taken to the laboratory. All cavities exhibited softened wood. Four Agaricomycotina Quintral 1250, 8400 Bariloche, Río Negro, were isolated in cultures: Stereum hirsutum