Mineral Facilities of Northern and Central Eurasia Political Boundaries Are Not Necessarily Authoritative

U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1255

10°E 60°N 20°E 70°N 30°E 80°N 40°E 50°E 60°E 70°E 80°E 90°E 100°E 120°E 130°E 140°E 150°E 160°E 170°E 80°N 180°180° 70°N 170°W 60°N 160°W

Koln Bremen Essen Dortmund Lake Vanern

Bonn

DENMARK UNITED STATES OF AMERICA )

Luxembourg .

SWEDEN CHUKCHI

Hamburg Copenhagen

[ NORWAY A

50°N

o SEA

l A

G C Frankfurt am Main ia

hn .

t S

o T E

I C

[

O Wrangel Island

Stockholm

BARENTS

GERMANY (RUSSIA)

602, 614 .

Berlin

339, 515 [i U # Leipzig [ 318, 475, [i] # (

507, 573, 638 380, 535 Franz Josef Land

(RUSSIA) s

349, 361, 369

a # #

e Murmansk[i S F I N L A N D [i

Dresden c 367, 376, 532, 534 341

i d

t # # #

l #

a [i SEA EAST SIBERIAN

480

RUSSIA #

# 425

310 [i 530, 572 [i Gdansk Helsinki [i 577

[ [i n

317

Prague

[i 476

[

Tallinn[

603

SEA a

CZECH [i

506 540, 583, 596

Wroclaw [i

REPUBLIC [i Riga

[ 435 B E R I N G l

ESTONIA Novaya Zemlya

P O L A N D (RUSSIA)

Lodz # 311 ] [i s Brno 541 WHITE [i 390 569 50°N

LITHUANIA 513

Warsaw LATVIA Saint Petersburg ] [ I

Lake Ladoga 554 Neva ] Severnaya Zemlya SEA

[i Kolguyev Island (RUSSIA)

[ Vilnius

[

# 312, 590 # Lake (RUSSIA)

Krakow 366, 379 #

# Suir Onega

# 69 New Siberian Islands

[i 325, 382 KARA SLOVAKIA (RUSSIA)

LAPTEV

Arkhangelsk #

77 # 300

# #

299, 589 n

[Minsk

S E A 74 a

[i R SEA

[i B E L A R U S SEA 792, 793 [i 78

[i 747 Lvov i #

788

HUNGARY

# # 437 [i

789, 790, 791 t 348 [i 545

780

[i ] 71 #

68 # 76 # u

75 70

] e 607 757 Dnieper

[i 795, 799 334

459, 468

# l #

292 #

568 [i[ 606 [i # [i [i # 598, 608 Moscow

[i 331 [ 324 Kolyma A Kiev [i ROMANIA 570

[i 514

291 396 # # # [i # Pechora ] 472, 487 418

399, 469, 629

MOLDOVA [i [i

599 381 [i # 408, 585 #

290, 293 # 518

522 ] 516 Yenisey

Chisinau 454 # ]

# 467 ]

[ # Norilsk # #

# # U K R A I N E # 316 Nizhniy Novgorod 342, 364, 371, 373, ][i 294 Volga ] 794, 796, 797, 525, 531, 533, 537, 576

798, 800, 806, 807 392, 438 314

# ] 295 # [i

763 776, 802 471 [i [i 419

805 # 519 [i 463 315 P A C I F I C

445 #

Danube Odessa Kharkov # ] [i

# [i

[i#

# 742, 743, 744, 759,

739 777, 778 [i 517

# # # # [i #

# 760, 768, 770, 773, 804 [i # 580

787 Don 503, 582 # ]

750, 753, 784 [i Dnepropetrovsk [i [i #

[i # U

# # #

754, 758, 785 ## Kazan 502, 587 [i 414, 417 ##

# # # ## # 740, 741, 748, 749, 581 # ] 322 O C E A N 756, 769, 771, 782, 802 542 571 [i Magadan 781

[i 520, 543 ] [i [i

# # 565

549 296, 307 ] 527

Volga

# #

# 751, 779, 803 ] 409 [i ] #

329 #

Donetsk 336 Kama Perm] 547 # [i

# # #

# A 786

761 [i 474, 628 [i 564 #

# [i

752, 755 # ] 389 # #

# # 745[i # [i 783 # [i 772, 775 746 391, 453, 627 458 ] 560 [i 387

774 765 [i 567 388

762 338, 393, 450, 594 [i[i # ]

764, 767 766 477[i 375 # 332 383

# [i

555 # ] 439 # ] 561

470 Ob

# 544 493, 499 # 451 Sea of ] 355, 377, 637 # 346 462 461, 634 [i [i

Samara [i 559 566

Rostov-na-Donu 460 319

# ]

# ] DISCUSSION

579 [i

Azov [i ## [i[i 429 356 Okhotsk [i # #

562

[i This map displays almost 900 records of mineral facilities within the countries that formerly

452 ]

Nikolayevsk #

BLACK Ufa 333 [i Yakutsk

[i 563 # comprised the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). Each record represents one commodity

524 354, 362, 370 #

552 397 Yekaterinburg ]

] 455 386 #

] # 558 [i

363 360, 372, 465, ] and one facility type at a single geographic location. Facility types include mines, oil and gas fields,

Volgograd 308, 446 SEA OF

500, 501 Vilyuy

# [i 574, 609, 610

521 and plants such as refineries, smelters, and mills. Common commodities of interest include

# # 345 # 586 323, 457, 473 [i [i 298, 309, 353 Lena 365 [i ] 374 aluminum, cement, coal, copper, gold, iron and steel, lead, nickel, petroleum, salt, silver, and zinc. 448

536, 539 [i

394

385 # #

# 591 [i # 344 The data shown on this map and in the accompanying table 1 were compiled from multiple # # I Chelyabinsk 384 [i [i [i 632 [i [i[i 180, 190 440, 630 sources, including (1) the most recently available data from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) ] 546 415

584 [i K ] [i 351, 357, Mineral Yearbook (Europe and Central Eurasia volume), (2) mineral statistics and information from 616

Ural [i 347 436, 478 [i [i 398, 538 199, 214, 215 # SEA [i the USGS Web site (http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/country/europe.html), and (3) data [i 626 662 [i S 553 635 collected by the USGS minerals information country specialists from sources such as statistical ] 421 [i [i Tobol publications of individual countries, annual reports and press releases of operating companies, and 636 [i

378

Aldan trade journals. # 444 171

416 Data reflect the most recent published table of industry structure for each country at the time

479 343, 633 352 113

# # 184

[i [i 151, 222, 235 578 [i [i A # [i

] [i of this publication. Additional information and explanation of the countries facilities is available

523 [i 340, 368 [i S 112, 139, 141 [i ] Astrakhan # # # 510, 613 423 154 175, 187, 196 ][i 508 from the country specialist (table 2). 615 320 117 Yenisey OKHOTSK

[i [i 442 [i [i See table 1 for general information about each mineral facility record including country,

124 # # 623 182 [i 128

] [i Omsk commodity, location and facility name, facility type, geographic coordinates, mining method,

556 # [i # 146

] 193 [i Angara 526] operating company, main investor(s), other investor(s), status, capacity, and units of measurement.

] [i 433, 601

[i [i 592 The facilities were plotted using the coordinates shown in table 1. Both degree-minute-second

# [i [i [i #

[i #

# Z 406, 424, 431, 504 [i 335, 434

40°N ### [i 550 177, 189 135 ]548 [i and decimal degrees are noted in the table for reference. Precision varies where coordinates are not [i ] ] # ] 178 ] 528 to the second. In some cases, coordinates are estimated or generalized using the nearest city or [i 183 481 [i ] ] [i other administrative unit.

GEORGIA 483

181, 185 605 297, 588 [i # # #

] 216 575 [i 551 # # In table 1, facility identification numbers (position numbers) are ordered alphabetically by

Tbilisi [i[i ]

Firat [ Novosibirsk 449, 597 302

# 217 # 413

]# 422[i [i country, followed by commodity, and annual capacity (descending order), respectively.

A # #

[i [i # CASPIAN 529 [i 466

[i [i [i 593

# Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia are labeled in inset map A and facilities in Tajikistan and [i 330 # 426 40°N

Ob 407 301 [i [i ] TURKEY # portions of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan are labeled in inset map B.

[i 179, 191 Astana

] [ # 464

ARMENIA[i [i [i 127 # 494, 498[i

# 145, 194

[i 213 # The production of these maps was performed jointly by on-site contractors from ETI #

####

# 125 410

[i ### # # #

Murat # [i [i

[i[ A [i 110

[i Amur Professionals and University of Puerto Rico—Mayagüez Campus, Youth Initiative Program # # 395, 441, 443 # # So

[i uth Aral Sea K # 305 Yerevan # 359, 511 174, 192 (remnants) 447 # [i[i North Aral Sea [i [i 350, 620 students under supervision of USGS National Minerals Information Center (NMIC) Global [i ] Novokuznetsk [i [i ](remnants) 430

126, 147 138, 140, Kuril Islands Minerals Analysis Section (GMA) country specialists. [i 176, 188 [i[i [i 420 Sakhalin Island

# 142, 143, 144

[i [i 486 621 (RUSSIA) # # # 212 153, 155 218 [i 484 [i [i (RUSSIA)

168, 169 [i [i 303, 304 [i [i

] ] ## 485 [i

AZER. [i # Table 2. Country specialist, country, and contact information. [i 313 617

[i # H [i

[i[i Amur

[i # 689, 709 Irtysh

735 167 226, 228, 236, 238 [i 482 # 136 166 # [i [i [i [i [i

AZERBAIJAN [i

] 405 Country Specialist Country Contact Information # [i # 624

[i # 114 # [i [i [i # []]] 229 [i [i Baku [i [i 230, 233, 240 U.S. Geological Survey

S 227, 237 [i 120, 122, 129, 149, 509 328

[i [i Khabarovsk 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr., MS 991

Irkutsk #

231, 239 [i 156, 161, 162, 205, #

# # #

# 491, 497 [i [i

SEA [i

Tabriz # [i[i 428 [i 358 General Inquiries - all countries Reston, VA 20192

[i 337 [i 412 # # # # # # [i # 427, 505 a ## 208, 220, 221, 225, 234 [i L ke # Michael Baker 819 170, 203, 209 [i[i 321 [i [i 411 [i 148 306 432 (primary contact) Email: [email protected] Lake 734 [i [i 130, 150 [i [i

729 T Baikal Telephone: (703) 648-4959

Urmia [i

158 # 619

732 [i 404 [i 400 Fax: (703) 648-7737

[i 200 # [i 456 # [i 595 [i[i 710 [i [i [i [i 160, 224 612 [i 625 Syr Darya [i [i Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, 701, 722 A 611 733 131, 172

204

512, 622

[i 118, 119, 133, 134, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, 159, 223 # # # [i 684 694, 738 [i Richard Levine [email protected] 690, 702, 719 IRAQ [i 137, 152, 163, 165, N Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan,

[i 834 173 403

# 724 [i # 713 [i [i 201, 207, 210, 219, [i Ukraine, Uzbekistan 691, 703 ] 232, 241 UZBEKISTAN Lake

717, 720 851 [i [i 858 157 198 Balkhash JAPAN EXPLANATION OF MAP SYMBOLS ] # 116 [i

695, 697 718 [i 850 # Qiqihar MINERAL FACILITIES POLITICAL FEATURES PHYSICAL FEATURES

711 [i [i 863 [i [i 852 211 C H I N A 327 Sapporo

[i 111, 121, 123, 164, [i #

# M # 685 833, 862 [i 195, 197, 202, 206 [i C Mine—Includes mines, [i TURKMENISTAN 604 [i 326, 489, 490, 495 [ Administrative Capital Major River [i [i 686 I quarries, salt pans, and

[Ulan Bator A

253, 266, 274 [i 132 Harbin F other extractive facilities # # # # # # # 687, 688, 692, 693 [i Other City* Major Lake O 401, 402 I

[Tehran [i [i

281 247

# I Oil and gas fields—Point

[i [i

[i C

# ]

Ashgabat #

# 721 # [ # 698 # [i Bishkek

# N 600 N ] located in center of field

# [i

# [i [i [ 115 Almaty L A

696 [i [i [ [i 279 [i Vladivostok or approximate vicinity # # G A

714] Tashkent [i O P [i [i# KYRGYZSTAN 278 [i# ] [i

[i[i [i [i[i [i 186 E

[i[i # B 258 ] Jilin # #

683 [i # [i Plant—Includes processing # [i

[i[i [i Issyk Changchung EAST SEA

730 # ] 618 C

[i ] [i # and refining facilities such [i # [i Samarkand # ] [i [i 252 Kul [i 249 [i

[i [i ] ] 254, 256 O as refineries, smelters, and *—Note: Non-capital cities included in this map are provided for geographical # #

# ] ] [i # ] (SEA OF JAPAN) # [i 255 282, 283,

[i [i # Urumqi reference. While many are major population centers or the nearest town to a major

[i mills.

# [i Syr Darya

[i [i ## 284, 285, [i[i mineral facility not all fit this definition. Mashhad ] # ] [i [i 286, 287 715 [i

] ][i [i ]

[i [i # [i [i 45°E 50°E 65°E 70°E

[i[i[i [i # #

[i [Dushanbe [i # [i

I R A N [i [i ] ] # #

557 820, 840, 857 # 808

Esfahan [i [i 488, 631 [i 855 [

# # # [i

[i 80 492, 496 849 # 809 832 Tashkent

[i [i 90 [i 822 [i [i [ [i [i#

TAJIKISTAN 82 Fushun KAZAKHSTAN 836

[i [i Shenyang 814, 815, 827 # 827, 838, 841 # 244 731 [i 84

[i [i [i RUSSIA 826, 865 267, 275 B

[i A 860 [i [i 811, 812

# [i ]

861 [i # 81 [i # [i [i [i [i[i 79 85, 101, 102 859 [i[i

[i 89, 99, 100 Anshan CASPIAN U Z B E K I S T A 831 N 828, 829, [i # 248

[i [i 837 835

[i [i 86 [i 103 [i 825 830, 864 [i 666 826 [i # # 816 # [i 268, 276

Yazd 846, 856 Samarkand 658, 660 [i [i

94, 95, 96 SEA 673 Syr Darya ]

# BLACK ### 854 [i 644, 650 675 ]

30°N 106 [i 817 842

[i# 824 ] ] # [i 847 269, 277 [i SEA G E O R G I A 661 659 645, 664, 679 [i [i

844 670 ] 640, 643, 648 ]]

Baotou Pyongyang[ ] [i ] 273 257 # # # [i

Tbilisi # 109 671 250 848 271

Tokyo[ [i [i # [ 663 647 # # 88

Beijing[ [i ] 105 Kawasaki 264, 270 [i 288 821

108 Tangshan 107 37 845, 853 [i 839 30°N #

93 # [i

[i # 87, 98. 104 ] Yokohama # [i # Dalian [i 656 ##

83, 92, 97 [i[i ] 246, 251, 260, 261 A F G H A N I S T A N TURKMENISTAN 843 # 242, 243, 245 Shiraz Kabul ] 641, 672 [i [ Tianjin [i 91 [i K Y R G Y Z S T A N Incheon[Seoul 681 [i

712, 716 ]] 737 [i 265, 272] 280

Indus C H I N A [i 36, 46 Nagoya [i 727 726 652 # 669

2 [i [i 639 [i

AZER. 728 # [i [i # 38 34 62 Kyoto 700 [i[i[i 699, 704, 706, 707 [i ] [i [ Dushanbe 674 655 40 708 [i 667, 668 ] [i

Shijiazhuang A R M E N I A [i KobeOsaka [i [i 723 651, 678

# 26 44 682

7 # Taegu [i

Taiyuan ARMENIA 45 [i 725 Islamabad 41 # [i 17 [i # 705 [ [i 30, 43 [i 50

Qandahar 39 Baku 27 736 [i 810

[i 20 [i [i 53 40°N Rawalpindi 66 # 64 [i 665

Zibo 8, 9, 10, [i Pusan #

63 # [i

# [i

[i 32 Hiroshima] # T A J I K I S T A N 24 # Amu Darya

]]] #

11, 12, 16 # # Koko Nor Jinan [i #### 13 52, 56 A Z E R B A I J A N [

Qingdao 1 677 [i 680

# [i 813

18 [i[ 28 57 48, 58, 59, 60, 61, 65 # 649 ## Yerevan 19 [i [i Zahedan 14, 15 ] 676 [i

[i Lanzhou 40°N # Kita Kyushu 40°N 657 Firat 6 51 [i Huang He Fukuoka T U R K E Y 654 [i CHINA Faisalabad Lahore

Amritsar Nagasaki 646

54 # 35 Persian 67 [i# 642 [i

Zhengzhou [i Luoyang 49 # AZERBAIJAN 5, 25 Gulf Xian Huang He [i 47 29 4, 22 [i A F G H A N I S T A N P A K I S T A N Murat [i 55 [i 33 [i[i [i 42 [i31 3, 21, 23 I N D I A [i UNITED ARAB 653 [i EMIRATES I R A N 35°N OMAN Nanjing PAKISTAN [Abu Dhabi Shanghai 70°E 75°E 45°E 50°E 60°E 70°E 80°E 90°E 100°E 110°E 120°E 130°E 140°E 150°E Inset A—Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia mineral facilities Scale 1:4 000 000 Inset B—Central Asia mineral facilities Scale 1:4 000 000 Scale 1:7 500 000 5025 0 50 100 150 200 5025 0 50 100 150 200 200 100 0 200 400 600 800 1 000 KILOMETERS KILOMETERS KILOMETERS 50 25 0 50 100 150 200 50 25 0 50 100 150 200 200 100 0 200 400 600 800 1 000 MILES MILES MILES

Authors: Michael S. Baker1, Nurudeen Elias1, Eric Guzmán1, and Yadira Soto-Viruet2 2010 Country political boundaries, water bodies, major rivers, city data, and graticules 1 Contractor ; 2 University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez Campus are derived from Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) world shapefiles. Mineral Facilities of Northern and Central Eurasia Political boundaries are not necessarily authoritative. Transverse Polyconic projection. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for Datum: World Geodetic System 1984. descriptive purposes only and does not imply Central meridian 105° E. (independent countries of the former Soviet Union) endorsement by the U.S. Government.