Universidade Estadual De Campinas Faculdade De Ciências Médicas Higor Campos Do Nascimento Proteína Transportadora De Ácidos

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Universidade Estadual De Campinas Faculdade De Ciências Médicas Higor Campos Do Nascimento Proteína Transportadora De Ácidos UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS FACULDADE DE CIÊNCIAS MÉDICAS HIGOR CAMPOS DO NASCIMENTO PROTEÍNA TRANSPORTADORA DE ÁCIDOS GRAXOS DE ADIPÓCITOS (A-FABP): SUAS RELAÇÕES COM OBESIDADE E CITOCINAS PRÓ-INFLAMATÓRIAS EM PACIENTES COM CÂNCER DE MAMA CAMPINAS 2016 HIGOR CAMPOS DO NASCIMENTO PROTEÍNA TRANSPORTADORA DE ÁCIDOS GRAXOS DE ADIPÓCITOS (A-FABP): SUAS RELAÇÕES COM OBESIDADE E CITOCINAS PRÓ-INFLAMATÓRIAS EM PACIENTES COM CÂNCER DE MAMA Dissertação apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas como parte dos requisitos exigidos para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciências Médicas, na área de concentração em Ciências Biomédicas ORIENTADOR: Profª Drª Sílvia de Barros Mazon ESTE EXEMPLAR CORRESPONDE À VERSÃO FINAL DA DISSERTAÇÃO DEFENDIDA PELO ALUNO HIGOR CAMPOS DO NASCIMENTO, E ORIENTADO PELA PROFª. DRª. SÍLVIA DE BARROS MAZON. CAMPINAS 2016 BANCA EXAMINADORA DA DEFESA DE MESTRADO HIGOR CAMPOS DO NASCIMENTO ORIENTADORA: PROF.ª DR.ª SÍLVIA DE BARROS MAZON MEMBROS: 1. PROF.ª DR.ª SÍLVIA DE BARROS MAZON 2. PROF. DR. LÁZARO ALESSANDRO SOARES NUNES 3. PROF.ª DR.ª DENISE ENGELBRECHT ZANTUT WITTMANN Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas. A ata de defesa com as respectivas assinaturas dos membros da banca examinadora encontra-se no processo de vida acadêmica do aluno. Data: 13/01/2016 Dedico este trabalho... A todas as mulheres que foram acometidas pelo câncer de mama e que, com força e coragem, travam uma batalha diária para sobreviverem e superarem essa doença que aflige tantas mulheres pelo mundo. AGRADECIMENTOS Primeiramente agradeço a Deus, meu Pai celestial, que com Sua bondade e misericórdia infinitas permitiu com que eu chegasse até aqui. Minha fé Nele é o que me deu forças para caminhar e seguir em frente sem pestanejar. Agradeço imensamente à minha orientadora Profª. Drª. Sílvia de Barros Mazon por ter me recebido de braços abertos em seu laboratório; pela confiança; por ter conduzido com muita dedicação, profissionalismo, seriedade e afinco esse trabalho; por sua paciência e pelos ensinamentos que me ajudaram nesse processo de amadurecimento pessoal, profissional e científico; por ter me auxiliado a desbravar rotas desconhecidas nesse “oceano da ciência” e nunca ter deixado com que eu parasse de navegar, sempre me incentivando, me mostrando o caminho e fazendo com que eu nunca perdesse o foco em atingir nossa meta. O meu muito obrigado à Profª. Drª. Maria Salete Costa Gurgel (Departamento de Tocoginecologia/FCM) e à Profª. Drª. Eliana Cotta de Faria (Departamento de Patologia Clínica/FCM) pela colaboração e viabilização do projeto. Gostaria de agradecer aos Professores que compuseram minha banca de Qualificação: Profª. Drª. Patrícia Moriel, Prof. Dr. Lázaro Alessandro Soares Nunes e Profª. Drª. Denise Engelbrecht Zantut Wittmann, pelas observações pertinentes e contribuições ao meu trabalho que foram importantíssimas para o aprimoramento da minha dissertação. Agradeço enormemente à minha amiga e colega de laboratório Aline Barros Santana, sem a qual eu não teria atingido os resultados nas proporções que foram atingidas, pois graças ao seu projeto de doutorado tive grande suporte ao meu projeto de mestrado. Agradeço todas as dicas, o companheirismo, os conselhos e orientações que foram essenciais para me transmitir serenidade em momentos tempestuosos. Agradeço aos meus pais, Manoel Antônio e Araci, pela criação e educação que me deram, por todo amor e carinho, por sempre terem me incentivado a estudar e nunca desistir de meus sonhos. Agradeço principalmente à minha mãe, a Dona Ara, por ter “me empurrado do ninho a força” e assim me possibilitou aprender “a voar e atingir os picos mais altos” que eu quisesse alcançar. Agradeço aos funcionários do Departamento de Patologia Clínica da FCM: Paulo Henrique de Oliveira (o famoso Paulinho) e Bruna de Almeida Bianchini, pela amizade, pelos conselhos, pelos cafezinhos que foram preciosos nos momentos de tensão, pela companhia nos almoços (quando era possível), por sempre estarem dispostos a colaborar com os assuntos burocráticos com muita competência, eficiência e dedicação. Agradeço a toda equipe da Pós-Graduação da FCM, em especial à funcionária responsável pelo Programa de Ciências Médicas, Márcia Aguiar dos Santos (a famosa Marcinha) por sempre sanar todas as dúvidas referentes ao programa com cordialidade, bom humor e sempre “quebrar um galho” nas situações adversas. Agradeço ao meu amigo, irmão, companheiro de todas as horas, Claudecir Carmona, por seu ombro amigo, por me apoiar na fase final do projeto, pela confiança e paz que me transmitia toda vez que eu recorria aflito por seus conselhos que foram de fundamental importância para que eu conseguisse concluir esse projeto. Agradeço ao meu amigo e colega de república, Alessandro Carlos Teixeira, por vivenciar comigo todo o processo desde o início, pelas palavras de incentivo quando eu estava estressado e em desespero, por me aturar nos momentos de angústia e por comemorar comigo nos momentos de alegria e vitória. Agradeço à amizade e companheirismo da funcionária Simone de Cássia Dias Mesquita (Seção de Bioquímica Clínica da Divisão de Patologia Clínica do HC/UNICAMP), que apesar de não ter atuado diretamente no auxílio à execução do meu projeto, foi minha grande confidente me dando apoio e incentivo em todas as horas. Sou grato aos meus colegas, alunos da pós-graduação, por compartilharem seu conhecimento e proporcionarem um intercâmbio de aprendizagens dentro e fora das salas de aula; por compartilharem seus “medos e angústias”, mas também suas “alegrias e vitórias”; em especial o Vitor Wilson de Moura Virginio (“Vitão”) e a Aline Cristina Gonçalves pelos papos e risadas que tornaram mais alegre esse momento de estudo tão sério. Agradeço os alunos de Iniciação Científica: Rodrigo de Andrade Natal, Letícia Sathler Delfino, Fernanda Luz Paulino da Costa e Bárbara Cardoso Miranda que, apesar do breve período que estivemos juntos, foram de grande importância ao ajudarem no recrutamento das pacientes voluntárias, em especial o Rodrigo e a Bárbara que me proporcionaram momentos de descontração com sua amizade e assim tornaram essa fase da pesquisa mais prazerosa. Quero agradecer também todos os meus colegas de trabalho da FCM e do HC; e amigas e amigos feitos ao longo desses anos, como a Camila (Patologia Clínica/FCM), a Daniela (Relações Públicas/FCM), a Karina (Almoxarifado/FCM), a Érica (Patologia Clínica/FCM), o Júnior (Gastropediatria/HC), a Jaqueline (Gastropediatria/HC), e tantos outros, que sempre estiveram ao meu lado, me incentivando e na torcida para que tudo corresse bem. Meus sinceros agradecimentos: À funcionária Juliana Luz Passos Argenton (Câmara de Pesquisa/FCM) pelo apoio com as análises estatísticas. Aos funcionários da Seção de Imunologia da Divisão de Patologia Clínica do Hospital das Clínicas – UNICAMP, pelo suporte técnico, pela cordialidade e presteza com que sempre me receberam: Alexandre Augusto Camargo Cherubim, Ana Cristina Valença Ferreira de Souza, Andrea Domênica Teodoro da Silva, Janete Inácio Batista, Márcia Luciméia Fernandes Julian, Mariusa Terezinha dos Santos, Michelle Maria Monteiro dos Santos, Sandra Oliveira de Almeida Teixeira, Vítor Oliveira de Almeida e Walderez Márcia Gonçalves Volpini. A todos os funcionários da Seção de Coleta de Exames da Divisão de Patologia Clínica do HC/UNICAMP por terem me dado o treinamento técnico e me capacitado para a realização da coleta de amostras de sangue das pacientes. Aos funcionários da Central de Recepção e Separação de Amostras da Divisão de Patologia Clínica do HC/UNICAMP por terem auxiliado nas etapas pré- analíticas na realização dos exames bioquímicos e sorológicos das pacientes. Aos funcionários do serviço de Enfermagem da Unidade de Internação - Seção Oncologia do Hospital da Mulher Prof. Dr. José Aristodemo Pinotti CAISM, pelo auxílio no acesso à agenda de internações das pacientes. À funcionária Rogéria Elias Malaquias (in memoriam) do Serviço de Arquivo Médico do CAISM, pela forma bem humorada e atenciosa de nos receber e nos auxiliar na pesquisa com os prontuários das pacientes, que deixará saudades. A todas as pacientes da Unidade de Internação - Seção Oncologia do Hospital da Mulher Prof. Dr. José Aristodemo Pinotti CAISM, por terem aceitado participar desta pesquisa e contribuírem de forma crucial para o avanço da ciência. À Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), ao Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), e ao Fundo de Apoio ao Ensino, à Pesquisa e Extensão (FAEPEX), pelo apoio financeiro. A todos aqueles que de alguma forma, direta ou indiretamente, estiveram presentes nessa fase de estudos e aprendizagem da minha vida e que de alguma forma contribuíram para que eu atingisse meu objetivo. Meu Muito Obrigado! “Talvez não tenha conseguido fazer o melhor, mas lutei para que o melhor fosse feito. Não sou o que deveria ser, mas Graças a Deus, não sou o que era antes”. (Marthin Luther King) RESUMO O câncer de mama é o segundo tipo de câncer mais frequente no mundo e o mais comum entre as mulheres. Por outro lado, a obesidade tem sido associada ao desenvolvimento e progressão de vários tumores, incluindo o mamário. Além disso, a obesidade, que cursa com um estado inflamatório subclínico, está intimamente relacionada a diversas comorbidades, incluindo a síndrome metabólica (SM). O tecido adiposo secreta inúmeras moléculas bioativas, denominadas adipocinas e, entre elas,
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