Tsunami, Project Safe Haven Used a Modeled Subduction Zone Earthquake Hazard Scenario (Developed in Part by Priest and Others, 1997; and Walsh and Others, 2000)
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Project Safe Haven: Tsunami Vertical Evacuation on the Washington Coast Pacific County ii Project Safe Haven: Pacific County Funding for Project Safe Haven provided by the National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation Program Project Safe Haven: Pacific County iii iv Project Safe Haven: Pacific County Acknowledgments The 2010-2011 Pacific County Project Safe Haven team was led by the College of Built Environments, University of Washington and the Washington Emergency Management Division Research Team Federal Emergency Management Agency, Region X College of Built Environments Tamra Biasco Department Of Urban Design & United States Geological Survey Planning (USGS) Oversight team: institute fOr hazards mitigatiOn Planning and research Nathan Wood Bob Freitag (Principal Investigator) National Oceanic And Atmospheric Association (NOAA) Jeana Wiser (Project Lead) Amanda Engstfeld Frank González Katherine Killebrew Tyree Wilde Christopher Scott Degenkolb Engineers urban design team Cale Ash, PE, SE (Technical Advisor) Ron Kasprisin (Design Lead) Editor Tricia DeMarco Julie Clark Josh Vitulli Department of Construction In Collaboration With Management Pacific County Emergency cOst estimating team Management Agency (PCEMA) Omar El-Anwar (Engineering Lead) Stephanie Fritts Kirk Hochstatter Denise Rowlett Washington State Emergency Management Division (EMD) Shoalwater Bay Tribe John Schelling (State Lead) Chairwoman Charlene Nelson Dave Nelson Lee Shipman Jamie Mooney City Of Long Beach Brynne Walker Gene Miles Washington State Department Of Natural Resources (DNR) Tim Walsh (Geology Lead) Thank you to all the members of Pacific County communities who helped through their participation in meetings, comments, and walking exercises. Project Safe Haven: Pacific County v vi Project Safe Haven: Pacific County Table of Contents 1. Executive Summary. 1 2. Project Safe Haven: Pacific County. 3 3. Background . 5 4. Methodology and Results . 13 5. Conclusions and Next Steps . 57 Appendix A: Community Context Maps. 59 Appendix B: SWOT Analysis Description. 61 Appendix C: Long Beach SWOT Analysis Comments. 62 Appendix D: Project Assumptions . 63 Appendix E: Lines Of Defense . 65 Appendix F: Ocean Park Area Maps. 66 Appendix G: Ocean Park SWOT Analysis Comments. 68 Appendix H: Chinook Observer Article . 69 Appendix I: Site Analysis. 71 Appendix J: Walking Volunteer Results. 76 Appendix K: Survey Responses. 78 Appendix L: Countywide Meeting Voting Results . 80 Appendix M: Summary of Cost Estimates . 81 Appendix N: Structure calculation formula tables. 83 Appendix 0: Project Safe Haven Submitted Biographies . 85 Appendix P: References. 89 Project Safe Haven: Pacific County vii List of Figures Figure 1: Pacific County context map. 3 Figure 2: Subduction zone earthquake source . 5 Figure 3: Pacific County hazard map. 6 Figure 4: Constructed berm with stair access. 10 Figure 5: Basic berm conceptual designs. 10 Figure 6: Basic tower . 11 Figure 7: Tower typology A. 11 Figure 8: Building for vertical evacuation.. 12 Figure 9: Conceptual design. 12 Figure 10: Long Beach Peninsula strategy map . 25 Figure 11: Long Beach strategy map. 26 Figure 12: Ocean Park strategy map. 27 Figure 13: Ilwaco/Seaview strategy map. 28 Figure 14: Tokeland/North Cove strategy map . 29 Figure 15: Basic berm structure . 33 Figure 16: Modified basic berm structure. 33 Figure 17: Basic tower structure . 34 Figure 18: Modified basic tower structures . 35 Figure 19: Berm 11 Religious/fraternal lodge sites (a) and (b) . 37 Figure 20: Additional safe haven: Sheldon Field platform . 38 Figure 21: Long Beach Peninsula Inland Park and Trail Network tower-bridge 39 Figure 22: Long Beach Peninsula Inland Park and Trail Network berm-bridge 39 Figure 23: Golf course. 40 Figure 24: Elementary School site berm (a) and (b) . 40 Figure 25: Berm 1, tower-elongated berm combination . 41 Figure 26: Seaview Fire District site. 42 Figure 27: Ortelius/Scarboro neighborhood . 42 Figure 28: Festival event facilities, peninsula-wide and local (c1 and c2). 43 Figure 29: Safe haven building components, swimming pool example . 44 Figure 30: Safe haven building components. 45 Figure 31: Environmental Art Dunes Park (Long Beach Dunes Park) . 45 Figure 32: Tokeland/North Cove tsunami structure locations. 46 Figure 33: Tokeland safe haven and viewing tower concept . 47 Figure 34: Potential Shoalwater restaurant expansion. 47 Figure 35: Shoalwater Bay charrette option . 48 viii Project Safe Haven: Pacific County Figure 36: Option one . 49 Figure 37: Option two. 49 Figure 38: Tokeland Road and Evergreen Street Park . 50 Figure 39: Nelson Crab expansion facilities. 50 Figure 40: Tokeland Market Square Option One. 52 Figure 41: Tokeland Market Square Option Two. 53 Figure 42: Tokeland Market Square Option Three. 53 Figure 43: Tokeland Market Square axonometric diagram. 53 Figure 44: Coastal Walkway Arts and Crafts Village viewing tower. 55 Figure 45: Additional tower explorations. 56 Figure 46: Long Beach community context map. 59 Figure 47: Ilwaco/Seaview community context map. 59 Figure 48: Ocean Park community context map. 60 Figure 49: Tokeland/North Cove community context map . 60 Figure 50: Natural lines of defense in Pacific County. 65 Figure 51: Ocean Park area overview . 66 Figure 52: Ocean Park area A. 66 Figure 53: Ocean Park area B. 67 Figure 54: Ocean Park areas CD . 67 Figure 55: Ocean Park area E. 67 Figure 56: Site 6, Ocean Park. 72 Figure 57: Site 8, Surfside Estates . 72 Figure 58: Site 9, Surfside Estates . 72 Figure 59: Site 10, Surfside Estates . 72 Figure 60: Site 2, Long Beach . 73 Figure 61: Site 3, Long Beach . 73 Figure 62: Site 1, Ilwaco. 74 Figure 63: Site 3, Ilwaco. 74 Figure 64: Site 1, Tokeland . 75 Figure 65: Site 3, Tokeland . 75 Figure 66: Site 4, Tokeland . 75 Figure 67: Site 5, Tokeland . 75 Figure 68: Site 6, Tokeland . 75 Project Safe Haven: Pacific County ix List of Tables Table 1: Long Beach demographics . 7 Table 2: Ocean Park demographics . 8 Table 3: Ilwaco demographics . 8 Table 4: Seaview demographics . 9 Table 5: Tokeland/North Cove demographics . 9 Table 6: Preferred strategy for Long Beach. 17 Table 7: Preferred strategy for Ocean Park . 19 Table 8: Preferred strategy for Ilwaco/Seaview . 20 Table 9: Preferred strategy for Tokeland/North Cove . 21 Table 10: Complete list of preferred strategy conceptual sites . 23 Table 11: Schedule for charrette process. 31 Table 12: Typologies of potential safe haven structures. 32 Table 13: Long Beach SWOT comments (SWOT Explained in Appendix B). 62 Table 14: Area A SWOT comments (SWOT explained in Appendix B) . 68 Table 15: Area B SWOT comments (SWOT explained in Appendix B) . 68 Table 16: Area CD SWOT comments (SWOT explained in Appendix B). 68 Table 17: Area E SWOT comments (SWOT explained in Appendix B) . 68 Table 18: Ocean Park site analysis comments . 71 Table 19: Long Beach site analysis comments . 73 Table 20: Ilwaco/Seaview site analysis comments . 74 Table 21: Tokeland site analysis comments. 75 Table 22: Results of volunteers who walked various routes. 76 Table 23: Results from community voting on potential sites. 80 Table 24: Long Beach berm cost estimate . 82 Table 25: Tokeland Farmers Market tower cost estimate. 82 Table 26: Calculations for Long Beach. 83 Table 27: Calculations for Ocean Shores. ..