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Wager Bay Oral History Project Interview

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Wager Bay Oral History Project Interview WAGER BAY ORAL HISTORY PROJECT INTERVIEW TRANSCRIPTS Prepared for Parks Canada Contract No. K3129-91-197 by David F. Pelly March 1992 Photo Overleaf: the Tavok family at Nuvukliq, c. 1957, by Fr. Didier TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION CHESTERFIELD INLET 1 LEONIE SAMMURTOK 3 MARY NUVAK 11 HELEN NAITOK 19 GUY AMAROK 27 CORAL HARBOUR 43 KANAYUK BRUCE 45 RANKIN INLET 81 MARIANO AUPILARJUQ 83 FRANCIS KAPUT 93 LOUIS PILAKAPSI 105 JOHN TATTY 113 THERESIE TUNGILIK 127 REPULSE BAY 149 FELIX KOPAK 151 OCTAVE SIVANIQTOQ 175 PETER KATOKRA 211 ARSENE PUTULIK 231 JACKIE NANORDLUK 249 ANTHONESE MABLIK 263 ANDREASI SIUTINUAR 287 ELIZABETH AGLUKKA 303 THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF JOHN AYARUAQ 321 PREVIOUS INTERVIEWS 329 INDICES 335 INTRODUCTION The interviews collected together in this volume offer an overview of Wager Bay during the 20th century. It is clear that the area around Wager Bay was used by Inuit prior to this century, but those who knew of those earlier times are gone. Taken as a whole, this is a story of a mobile people, moving in and out of the Wager Bay area, and moving from one site to the next within Wager Bay. To some extent, there was a seasonal pattern to the camp rotation by those families living around the main body of Wager Bay, concentrating at Nuvukliq during the winter, where open water nearby facilitated the essential seal- hunt. Others, farther inland around Brown Lake (Qamanaluk), were largely sustained by caribou and musk- oxen during the winter months. A third group of Inuit, key to the history of Wager Bay, lived at its namesake Okkusiksalik, near the mouth of the Back River. It was chiefly for the purpose of establishing contact with this latter group that the Hudson's Bay Company - with noteworthy assistance from local Inuit - established a trading post at Ford Lake (Tushyuyak), near the head of Wager Bay in 1925. The words which follow tell a multi-faceted story: of travel, of hunts both good and bad, of hungry times and happy times, of visits to the trading posts, of policemen and priests, of shamans, of life and death. These tales weave naturally one into the other, as family connections become apparent and each individual's story links up to the next. Taken together, these personal accounts provide a rich tapestry that is Wager Bay in the 20th century. On a personal note, I want to add that it was a privilege for me to hear these stories first-hand, and to be trusted with the responsibility of conveying them. I am grateful to all those who co-operated with the project. Thank you. I hope that every one of you shares in the satisfaction of knowing that some important history is now preserved. David F. Pelly a- -a a- AyDn,,t, CLbd4 Dcr'br)D'crDc-DqDc bnCDrLc'LC Ct,Cc nnSYL~~ cL-,0CDrL<'c-C>*a-tibcr-b .-) 4lSJZ~c 4Cnc DSbC~~ . C~~~ ~~cL-Srcr4c-SLc L-o'b<LDYLa-~lrcb C'rL rl'~(r`Lr-4-:)4Jc, Pr'4cr-bc 'bD~-Lc-itiLLrLD,~c C'rf tib CLd~ COL~b~4~n~~J, C,,C Dcr'bDr'bD5b A-oCc-DYL,~crb, 4CLJbAd~<<b-)nb__), a..~nc- D<<bp nb~, ILL .--) -oa-c-c 4r%ra_OC 4C`Jb<c-DlDc DIldr)bticD( 0 ._-)4cr tcC~~. Ac-tiLjJc, 4ltjJ~~ cx-,~lCDcritiDCc-D'LC -DcL.'bAD,~c ~~~y<<b~nb .~ -oci-cqcSJcrD' 4r)tif'°. .ac, /~--)4IDrbc -oo-'b5,~%o-itiDcD5>c -D`>llcc DPDbdc, CLS~~~ ~~~r) D~~y<<b?nb cL-crsr4~pnb . 4rSr~~, -ocL-<«ticbtiDCc-Di>c CLa- 'dLL-D( 'ba-f `r~ba-, C(d4c DbD ..oc, DrSLS-oc--m I'cDLo-5tiDCc-D5>c DPDbdc . C(d4c n~b,~(',~ylCti(' Cl,Ca-LLrLb c~yDy~~tiy~~~- DIdrbtic'r a-~~nCc-Di>c, CYL d( ObC 'b a- rrSbc . C(d4c CLa-(<cD0-c%('a-oc C'd4 a-DA5nc ti'P'<<-c4-~l~a-Dcc-D5>c C`d-o%b--.) Lb,~lCD' .onb Cl,Ca- CrID`rtir, CYL _00_D~' CDyD''~~`Lti~b~ CLr 1925 %Jn--=,J . CLbd4 D'bDrDcDiDc nnSirL~~ ~--.)cL-Z~Y'-c-ti'`LC 4',r~~a-1><'c-D5Dv-b : L%rqa_,J4%CrD,~cb, 4~J~r4~a-D~~b OcSbJc 41,ejPSa.~~~ ~c.SI,tiJl .~ AD-~'-ma-, 'bQ.-D5r)D<c-D~,pnb, 'dA4(:L-5Q-dc-D<<b-.-)nb, a-DAln'ba-5JcD<<b .~nb, >PCcbC'b<c-D~~~--.) 4tibdL'---.D, L-oo-?4tia-tif e 4LLm D'dJc . CLbd4 Dcr(bDYD'bcCLD5Dc L%ra .oc 41,D4a-'bLC, LLr%J,~Q-~-m Da-'bDrmJc b,~ r' rl LL a~~~nb 0-o'bnrr%Fa-Dc 4?Sf''-Dc . CLbd4 bnpSrc AD,~LLtiD,~rb ti'P?LcrDtiLC DId?b')cD' rbL)_O%V~a-b Laci-D,~Jc nP~~J. ~~rv-~c D'bDrti`~J, D~r4Pnr~Ly~ dA4rnrLLr ..c-DS'd CL'-. Q-Sf a-i Da-(bCDv-S('cnJc DL)I,2J, ILL---) DnryDa-(dc Y'PnCD,~aa-cr4cD%LC CLbd4. 'dl\ 4tj n'b~LrLbD''b CZ~'d(rSb CLDrtib Acr,..cx-?45n'-D%L Ob1%c-'bc-DqDcrb . 'dra~.r'-Lab . ~~,..DSc'b>%b-D Ab,~cDI>>bCc titiL1n'bPaa-ticr4c~LC CLDL ALLtiDa-%bcrb 44Dyy,~ac-%Lc nnSi CD~Lc- Sc%bJc . nAc n<< NOTES 1. The interviews which follow were conducted during an initial trip to the Keewatin in Oct/Nov 1991, with a follow-up opportunity during a second trip in Feb 1992. The transcripts are ordered from the oldest to the youngest informant within each community. 2. What you will read is very close to being a verbatim transcript. Only minor editing was done, where it was necessary to ensure comprehension of the informant's intended meaning. Often phrases that look awkward in print are easily understood with the advantage of hearing the speaker's inflection and cadence. 3. Spelling of Inuktitut words was an inevitable problem in producing a written transcript. Usually, working with the informant and the interpreter, we made a joint effort to establish the best phonetic representation of the word as it is used in the local dialect of the informant. As a result, there are some variations from one community to another. 4. Notwithstanding the above, an attempt has been made to standardise the spellings of proper names, so the reader can ascertain when references are being made to the same person or place. Most of the names referred to during the interviews were in fact spelled (or pronounced) slightly differently on various occasions. That is simply the nature of Inuktitut. 5. Although some considerable attention was paid to word-spelling, it was felt that this concern should not be allowed to interrupt the comfortable flow of the interviews. 6. A standard style is maintained throughout the transcripts regarding the use of brackets: round brackets indicate the speaker's parenthetical thought; square brackets indicate an editor's comment for the sake of clarity. LEONIE SAMMURTOK LEONIE SANIIMURTOK CHESTERFIELD INLET NOVEMBER 14, 1991 (INTERPRETER : PAUL SAMMURTOK) THIS IS DAVID PELLY SPEAKING, IN CHESTERFIELD INLET, ON THE 14TH OF NOVEMBER . I AM TALKING WITH LEONIE SAMMURTOK . SHE HAS AGREED TO GIVE SOME INFORMATION FOR THE WAGER BAY ORAL HISTORY PROJECT OF THE CANADIAN PARKS SERVICE, AND UNDERSTANDS THAT THE INFORMATION WILL BE MADE AVAILABLE TO THE PUBLIC . IS THAT CORRECT? YES, THAT IS CORRECT . THANK YOU . Q . YOU SAID THAT YOU'VE NEVER ACTUALLY BEEN TO WAGER BAY YOURSELF, BUT I'M WONDERING IF YOU KNOW, DID OTHER MEMBERS OF YOUR FAMILY EVER TRAVEL TO WAGER BAY OR LIVE IN WAGER BAY? A . BEFORE I WAS BORN MY PARENTS USED TO LIVE UP THERE, MY MOTHER, MY REAL MOTHER AND MY FATHER, THEY LIVED UP IN THAT AREA . LIVED UP NEAR WAGER BAY, BUT THAT WAS BEFORE I WAS BORN . Q OKAY, WOULD YOU GIVE ME YOUR PARENTS' NAMES, YOUR MOTHER AND YOUR FATHER? A . MY MOTHER'S NAME WAS BETTY TAUTU AND MY FATHER'S NAME WAS JOHNNY TAMANGULUK . Q . DO YOU KNOW ABOUT HOW LONG BEFORE YOU WERE BORN THEY WERE LIVING IN WAGER BAY? A . THEY USED TO LIVE AROUND REPULSE BAY, THE ACTUAL BAY, BEFORE I WAS BORN AND THEY HUNTED IN THE WAGER BAY AREA FOR MUSK OX . BUT I DON'T KNOW HOW LONG BEFORE I WAS BORN IT WAS THAT THEY HUNTED IN WAGER BAY . Q . WHERE WERE THEY WHEN YOU WERE BORN? A . THEY LIVED IN AIVILIK, IN MALUKSITAQ, IN REPULSE BAY ON THE OTHER SIDE, THAT'S WHERE THEY WERE, IN AIVILIK, WHEN I WAS BORN . Q DO YOU KNOW WHAT YEAR YOU WERE BORN IN? A . I DON'T KNOW . MY PARENTS WERE NOT WORRIED ABOUT THE YEAR . 5 Q . WAS THERE A TRADING POST, A HUDSON'S BAY POST AT REPULSE? A . THERE WERE NO TRADING POSTS THERE IN REPULSE BAY . Q . SO IT WAS BEFORE 1921? A . YES . Q . DO YOU REMEMBER TRAVELLING FROM THE AIVILIK AREA DOWN TO CAPE FULLERTON OR CHESTERFIELD AREA? AT SOME POINT YOUR FAMILY MOVED TO THE CAPE FULLERTON AREA . A . I DON'T REMEMBER MOVING DOWN FROM AIVILIK TO CAPE FULLERTON . I STARTED TO REMEMBER THINGS AFTER I GOT TO CAPE FULLERTON . Q . DO YOU REMEMBER THE R .C .M .P . FROM CAPE FULLERTON GOING, . DO YOU REMEMBER IF THEY USED TO MAKE TRIPS TO WAGER BAY? A . I REMEMBER THAT THERE WERE TWO POLICEMEN UP IN CAPE FULLERTON AND THEY WERE, THE INUIT CALLED THEM KAYUKULUK [DEAR BROWN- HAIRED ONE] AND THE OTHER ONE KEEKIAKSIK . THAT'S WHAT THEY WERE CALLED IN INUKTITUT . BUT I REMEMBER MY FATHER GOING ON PATROL WITH KEEKIAKSIK TO REPULSE BAY BACK THEN .
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