Prague in 1900
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Parallels and Analogies in the Interwar Architecture in Latvia and Czechoslovakia
Scientific Journal of Latvia University of Agriculture Landscape Architecture and Art, Volume 10, Number 10 Parallels and Analogies in the Interwar Architecture in Latvia and Czechoslovakia Renāte Čaupale, Riga Technical University, Latvia University of Agriculture Abstract. The interconnections of the interactions between the art and architecture of the Latvian and Czechoslovakian nations are relatively fragmented. However, there is one large European cultural space in which both parallels and analogies can be found, as required by the communicative role of art and architecture. In the 1920s and 1930s, a European architecture that was founded on modern features could be found in the architecture of the new Latvian state. Art Deco aesthetics was one of the operative events of the interwar period. Its expression changed along with the changes occurring during this time period, retaining the decorativeness principles of Art Deco. Art Deco aesthetics encompass several distinct but related design trends, including the following: interpretation of elements of folklore – Ansis Cīrulis in Latvia and Pavel Janák in Czechoslovakia authored masterfully designed interior examples. Regardless of their creative potential after the First Wold War, artists and architects in many new states were drawn into the stream of contemporary trends – the folkloristic style, which became one of the decisive sources of inspiration for demonstrating national self-determination, which, in turn, is typical of all cultures and civilisations and can sometimes be international. An analogous interpretation of folklore brings these processes together, which allows them to be identified as folkloristic Art Deco trends. There are moments when folkloristic Art Deco as a component of Modernism art and architecture of the 1920-30s organically foreshadows the aesthetics of pre-postmodernism; modernization of the classic form, which has been highlighted directly in the period of the leader cult common in new states. -
Introduction
introduction Writing a Postwar History The biggest victim of the Stalinization of architecture was housing. [Karel] Teige would have recoiled in horror at the endless drab rows of prefabricated boxes of mass housing proliferating around all the major cities of Czechoslo- vakia. Here was the exact antithesis of his utopia of collective dwelling, resem- bling more the housing barracks of capitalist rent exploitation and greed than the joyful housing developments of a new socialist paradise. The result was one of the most depressing collections of banality in the history of Czech architecture, one that still mars the architectural landscape of this small coun- try and will be difficult—if not impossible—to erase from its map for decades, if not centuries. Eric Dluhosch, 2002 Few building types are as vilified as the socialist housing block. Built by the thousands in Eastern Europe in the decades after World War II, the apartment buildings of the planned economy are notorious for problems such as faulty construction methods, lack of space, nonexistent landscaping, long-term maintenance lapses, and general ugliness. The typical narrative of the con- struction and perceived failure of these blocks, the most iconic of which was the structural panel building (panelový dům or panelák, for short, in Czech), places the blame with a Soviet-imposed system of building that was forced upon the unwilling countries of Eastern Europe after the Communists came to power.1 This shift not only brought neoclassicism and historicism to the region but also ended the idealistic era of avant-garde modernism, which dis- appeared with the arrival of fascism in many European countries but sur- vived in Czechoslovakia through World War II. -
Jury Citation This Is the Inaugural Year of the Czech Architecture Awards
Jury citation This is the inaugural year of the Czech Architecture Awards, introduced by the Czech Chamber of Architects. Over 400 projects completed within the last five years from nearly every region of the Czech Republic were submitted, ranging from private houses to offices, public projects to cultural buildings, and education programmes to regeneration projects, all of which have been reviewed by a specially assembled Jury of architects and designers. This is a brave and forward thinking programme which aims to bring to the public theatre a critical debate focused on the demand for excellence within the construction industry. Even braver is that the Jury for this special prize has been assembled from an international stage of many European states; Holland, Germany, Slovakia, Belgium, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and Spain, in turn opening the debate to a wider international audience beyond the borders of the host country. It is of particular note however, that through an extensive judging process resulting with a shortlist of eight finalists including unanimous winner, non of the projects featured were built within the capital city, Prague. This suggests a broad depth of architectural endeavour for this country with an ambition to build high quality work but also raises worrying trends for a city which sees an intensity of many contemporary urban issues. As part of a three day trip, the Jury travelled the length and breadth of the Czech Republic to interrogate the architects and owners of projects for historical centres, projects in landscape settings, projects for domestic clients, regeneration and renovation projects. However it is also worrying to note an absence of meaningful projects managing the wider social concerns of mass housing or schools within urban settings. -
Terrible Turk”
Chapter 1 The Return of the “Terrible Turk” It seems that they [the Turks] were made only to murder and destroy. In the history of the Turkish nation you will find nothing but fighting, rob- bery, and murder. Every nation has turbulent times in its past, but along- side them also times that are crowned with the marvelous fruits of quiet effort and beneficial work; our nation, for example, has the age of the Hussites, but also the era of the Fathers of Our Country – the unforget- table Charleses. But in the history of the Turks you would search in vain for even a short period devoted to quiet, useful patriotic work. That is also why the images compiled here, in which only fear and terror and gloomy desolation reign, might seem chilling. Nevertheless, the history of the Turks is important, for the fight that Europe has conducted in its defense against the nations of this race has been waged by Christians alone and by the nations of our monarchy in particular. For this reason, the main consideration is given to the scenes that unfolded either in the countries of the Balkan Peninsula or those of Austria-Hungary. kodym, 18791 There have been few other non-Christian figures in European history that have been the object of such a vast range of visual representations as “the Turk.” From the warrior depicted in medieval and early modern German woodcuts, to the Turk as a symbol of wealth woven into the patterns of Renaissance French carpets, the captive Sultan who appeared on the stages of 18th-century Vene- tian opera houses, not to mention the pipe-smoking Turk on the signboards of coffee shops in many European cities and the harem women pictured in 19th- century Orientalist paintings, images of the Turks have accompanied Euro- peans for centuries. -
2009 Druh Dokumentu: XPCA Voľby: Číslovanie Kategórií Publ.Činno
Zoznam publikačnej činnosti a ohlasov Roky vykazovania: 2009 Druh dokumentu: XPCA Voľby: číslovanie kategórií publ.činnosti, zoradiť do skupín KPČ, zobrazenie systémového čísla záznamu, odsadenie celého záznamu doprava; Štatistika: kategória publikačnej činnosti, kategória ohlasov; Triedenie: skupina kategórie publikačnej činnosti, kategória publikačnej činnosti, meno prvého autora; Zobrazovací formát: HSO - modifikácia STN ISO 690 s ohlasmi - všetci autori Skupina A1 - Knižné publikácie charakteru vedeckej monografie (AAA,AAB, ABA, ABB) AAA Vedecké monografie vydané v zahraničných vydavateľstvách AAA01 0027910 KOLESÁR, Zdeno. Kapitoly z dějin designu. II. vydanie, doplnené a revidované. Praha, Česká republika : Vysoká škola uměleckoprůmyslová, 2009. 178 s. [9 AH]. Dostupné na internete: <http://www. vsup.cz/>. ISBN 978-80-86863-28-3. AAB Vedecké monografie vydané v domácich vydavateľstvách AAB01 0029875 RUSINA, Ivan. 59 60 61 : Vysoká škola výtvarných umení v Bratislave 1949-2009 : Academy of fine arts and design 1949-2009. 1. vyd. Bratislava, 2009 ; Bratislava : Vysoká škola výtvarných umení. 299 s. [10 AH]. Dostupné na internete: <http://www.vsvu.sk>. ISBN 978-80-89259-25-0. ABB Štúdie v časopisoch a zborníkoch charakteru vedeckej monografie vydané v domácich vydavateľstvách ABB01 0030081 JABLONSKÁ, Beata. Jednotlivci v príbehu postmoderných dejín. In Osemdesiate: Postmoderna v slovenskom výtvarnom umení 1985-1992. - Bratislava, Slovensko : SNG, 2009. ISBN 978-80-8059-140-3, s. 22-109, [4 AH]. Dostupné na internete: <http://www.sng.sk>. Skupina A2 - Ostatné knižné publikácie (ACA, ACB, BAA, BAB, BCB, BCI, EAI, CAA, CAB, EAJ, FAI) BCB Učebnice pre základné a stredné školy BCB01 0029623 ČARNÝ, Ladislav - FERLIKOVÁ, Klára - PONDELÍKOVÁ, Renáta - ČARNÁ, Daniela. Výtvarná výchova : 5. ročník základných škôl. Aut. -
Czech Republic Today
Rich in History 1 2 Magic Crossroads Whenever European nations were set in motion, they met in a rather small area called the Czech Republic today. Since the early Middle Ages, this area was crossed by long trade routes from the severe North to the sunny South; at the beginning of the first millennium, Christianity emerged from the West, and at its end communism arrived from the East. For six hundred years, the country was an independent Czech kingdom, for three hundred years, it belonged among Austro-Hungarian Empire lands, and since 1918 it has been a republic. In the 14th century, under the Bohemian and German King and Roman Emperor Charles IV, as well as in the 16th century under the Emperor Rudolf II, the country enjoyed a favourable position in European history and also played a great role internationally in the arts and in social affairs. In 1989, the whole world admired the Czechoslovak “velvet revolution” lead by charismatic dramatist Václav Havel, which put an end to socialist experimentation. Numerous famous architects, who built Romanesque churches in Germany but were no longer commissioned to build in their home countries due to the coming Gothic period, succeeded there; at the same time, the French type of Gothic architecture took root in Bohemia. A number of Italian Renaissance or Baroque architects, painters and sculptors, who crossed the Alps to find new opportunity for creating master works and look for well-paid jobs, were hired by members of Czech nobility and clergy; astonished by the mastery of Czech builders and craftsmen with whom they cooperated, they created wonderful castles and breathtaking Catholic churches. -
Events That Led to the Czechoslovakian Prague Spring and Its Immediate Aftermath
Trinity College Trinity College Digital Repository Senior Theses and Projects Student Scholarship Spring 2015 Events that led to the Czechoslovakian Prague Spring and its immediate aftermath Natalie Babjukova Trinity College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.trincoll.edu/theses Recommended Citation Babjukova, Natalie, "Events that led to the Czechoslovakian Prague Spring and its immediate aftermath". Senior Theses, Trinity College, Hartford, CT 2015. Trinity College Digital Repository, https://digitalrepository.trincoll.edu/theses/469 Events that led to the Czechoslovakian Prague Spring and its immediate aftermath Senior thesis towards Russian major Natalie Babjukova Spring 2015 ` The invasion of Czechoslovakia by the Soviet Union on August 21 st 1968 dramatically changed not only Czech domestic, as well as international politics, but also the lives of every single person in the country. It was an intrusion of the Soviet Union into Czechoslovakia that no one had expected. There were many events that led to the aggressive action of the Soviets that could be dated way back, events that preceded the Prague Spring. Even though it is a very recent topic, the Cold War made it hard for people outside the Soviet Union to understand what the regime was about and what exactly was wrong about it. Things that leaked out of the country were mostly positive and that is why the rest of the world did not feel the need to interfere. Even within the country, many incidents were explained using excuses and lies just so citizens would not want to revolt. Throughout the years of the communist regime people started realizing the lies they were being told, but even then they could not oppose it. -
Political Stability and the Division of Czechoslovakia
Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Master's Theses Graduate College 8-1996 Political Stability and the Division of Czechoslovakia Timothy M. Kuehnlein Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses Part of the Political Science Commons Recommended Citation Kuehnlein, Timothy M., "Political Stability and the Division of Czechoslovakia" (1996). Master's Theses. 3826. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses/3826 This Masters Thesis-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. POLITICAL STABILITY AND THE DIVISION OF CZECHOSLOVAKIA by Timothy M. Kuehnlein, Jr. A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of The Graduate College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts Department of Political Science Western Michigan University Kalamazoo, Michigan August 1996 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The completion of this project was both a tedious and rewarding experience. With the highest expectations for the style and content of the presentation, I have attempted to be as concise yet thorough as possible in the presentation and defense of the argument. The composition of this thesis entails nearly two years of diligent work outside of general course studies. It includes preliminary readings in Central and East European affairs, an extensive excursion throughout the Czech and Slovak republics with readings in the theory of political stability, the history and politics of Czecho slovakia, in addition to composing the text. My pursuit was driven by a passion for the topic, a quest for know ledge and understanding, and the argument's potential for continued development. -
The Structural Panel Building in Czechoslovakia Kimberly Elman Zarecor Iowa State University, [email protected]
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Digital Repository @ Iowa State University Architecture Publications Architecture 2010 The Local History of an International Type: The Structural Panel Building in Czechoslovakia Kimberly Elman Zarecor Iowa State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/arch_pubs Part of the Architectural History and Criticism Commons, and the Slavic Languages and Societies Commons The ompc lete bibliographic information for this item can be found at http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ arch_pubs/44. For information on how to cite this item, please visit http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ howtocite.html. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Architecture at Digital Repository @ Iowa State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Architecture Publications by an authorized administrator of Digital Repository @ Iowa State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Local History of an International Type: The Structural Panel Building in Czechoslovakia Kimberly Elman Zarecor, Iowa State University Abstract: Focusing on the state-run system of architectural offices as a mediator between politics and practice, this article considers how the 1948 Communist Party takeover of Czechoslovakia affected architectural practice and the establishment of housing types in the early 1950s. The legacy of a strong local construction industry before 1948 was critical to these developments. At the new Institute of Prefabricated Buildings, created in 1952, architects and engineers continued earlier research on prefabricated construction technologies. Through this work, the Czechoslovak government and its architectural administration soon concluded that its best long-term option for solving the country’s housing crisis was the use of structural panel construction. -
UC Berkeley Room One Thousand
UC Berkeley Room One Thousand Title A Reverse History of Modernism: What Connects Prague to Le Corbusier? Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1678061j Journal Room One Thousand, 2(2) ISSN 2328-4161 Author Hrabova, Martina Publication Date 2014 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Martina Hrabova A Reverse HistoryWhat Connects of ModernismPrague to Le Corbusier? In two parallel and interrelated stories, the following essay presents a specific view of the history of avant-garde architecture in former Czechoslovakia. This work grew out of personal experience; following what at first seemed an unlikely trail to me revealed the inherent problems of Czech modernist historiography and its meanings. Beginning with memories of the house where I grew up, it lead to questions about the relationship between existing structures and the historical narratives behind them. Unexpectedly, this simple case study of my family home relates to larger debates about the character of Czech Modernism and its relationship to Le Corbusier. A White House That Became Yellow For more than twenty years, my family has lived in a villa on what was once the outskirts of Prague (Figure 1). As long as I can remember, it has had a traditional exterior with a pitched roof and conventional detailing. The four-story structure, with its yellow façade, resembles many other buildings in the neighborhood. The outer cloak however was added in the 1930s and conceals some remarkable secrets. When I was little I had not thought much about the history of the house. However, this changed during my studies of art history at 65 Martina Hrabova Charles University, Prague. -
Ellipse and Oval in Baroque Sacral Architecture in Slovakia
Vol. 13, Issue 1/2017, 30-41, DOI: 10.1515/cee-2017-0004 ELLIPSE AND OVAL IN BAROQUE SACRAL ARCHITECTURE IN SLOVAKIA Zuzana GRÚ ŇOVÁ 1* , Michaela HOLEŠOVÁ 2 1 Department of Building Engineering and Urban Planning, Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Žilina, Univerzitná 8215/1, 010 26 Žilina, Slovakia. 2 Department of Structural Mechanics and Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Žilina, Univerzitná 8215/1, 010 26 Žilina, Slovakia. * corresponding author: [email protected]. Abstract Keywords: Oval, circular and elliptic forms appear in the architecture from the Elliptic and oval plans; very beginning. The basic problem of the geometric analysis of the Slovak baroque sacral spaces with an elliptic or oval ground plan is a great sensitivity of the architecture; outcome calculations to the plan's precision, mainly to distinguish Geometrical analysis of Serlio's between oval and ellipse. Sebastiano Serlio and Guarino Guarini and Guarini's ovals. belong to those architects, theoreticians, who analysed the potential of circular or oval forms and some of their ideas are analysed in the paper. Elliptical or oval plans were used also in Slovak baroque architecture or interior elements and the paper introduce some of the most known examples as a connection to the world architecture ideas. 1. Introduction Oval and elliptic forms belonged to architectural dictionary of forms from the very beginning. The basic shape, easy to construct was of course a circle. Circular or many forms of circular-like, not precisely shaped forms could be found at many Neolithic sites like Skara Brae (profane and supposed sacral spaces), temples of Malta and many others. -
Study Abroad
At CIEE study abroad is so much more than coursework in a new country It’s about taking students out of their daily routine and introducing sights sounds scents and flavors that chip away their illusion of separateness and allow a sense of mutuality to emerge That’s why our programs are packed with cocurricular activities and excursions and why we believe intercultural understanding has the power to change the world STUDY ABROAD Council on International Educational Exchange™ Fore St Portland ME STUDY Founded in CIEE is the nonprofit world leader in international education and exchange delivering the highest quality programs that increase global understanding and intercultural knowledge We provide participants with skills competencies and experiences that elevate their ability to contribute positively to our global community © Copyright CIEE All rights reserved C FY cieeorg/study EUROPE Semester Programs 200772_Europe_cover.indd 1 4/10/19 3:10 PM Seville Spain Liberal Arts This program helps advancedlevel students improve their spoken and written Spanish while they pursue coursework in a variety of subjects In addition to a range of courses offered by CIEE students can enroll directly in courses at any of the schools at Universidad de Sevilla Universidad Pablo de Olavide and/or EUSA School of Communications Host Institution CIEE Seville EUSA Centro Universitario Universidad de Sevilla Universidad Pablo de Olavide UPO Representative Courses GPA CIEE Required Intensive Language Courses Overall GPA of Cultural History of Spain