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Regional Education System: Development Characteristics, Competitive Environment and the Need for State Support

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Regional Education System: Development Characteristics, Competitive Environment and the Need for State Support Klochko, E., Arutyunova, A., Vorobey, E., Myasnikova, T., Treshchevsky, Y. / Volume 10 - Issue 40: 100-110 / April, 2021 100 DOI: https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2021.40.04.11 Regional education system: development characteristics, competitive environment and the need for state support Региональная система образования: характеристики развития, конкурентная среда и необходимость государственной поддержки Received: March 24, 2021 Accepted: April 30, 2021 Written by: Elena Klochko37 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8549-9829 Asya Arutyunova38 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6977-6390 Elena Vorobey39 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8844-8018 Tatiana Myasnikova40 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7747-9097 Yuri Treshchevsky41 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0039-5060 Abstract Аннотация The modern system of preschool education is Современная система дошкольного образования unique in its multidimensional nature of services уникальна по своему многоплановому характеру since in a preschool educational institution a услуг, так как в дошкольном образовательном child is provided with upbringing, training, учреждении ребенку обеспечивается воспитание, supervision, and care. The child's future обучение, присмотр и уход. Будущая academic performance largely depends on his успеваемость ребенка во многом зависит от его preschool education. The article examines key дошкольного образования. В статье indicators featuring the development of рассматриваются основные показатели развития preschool education in the Krasnodar Region. дошкольного образования в Краснодарском крае. Целью данного исследования является The purpose of this study is to summarize the обобщение результатов совершенствования results of improvements in education, to образования, определение основных направлений determine the main guidelines for further дальнейшей деятельности. В настоящее время в activities. Today in the Russian Federation there Российской Федерации отсутствуют механизмы are no mechanisms for a comprehensive комплексной количественной оценки quantitative assessment of the activities of деятельности дошкольных образовательных preschool educational institutions; the учреждений, оценка осуществляется в основном с assessment is implemented mainly using the использованием метода экспертных оценок. method of expert estimates. Therefore, Поэтому специалисты органов управления specialists of the education management bodies образованием и руководители образовательных and heads of the educational institutions can учреждений могут сравнивать дошкольные compare the preschool educational institutions учреждения только на основе этих разрозненных only based on these scattered data. The authors данных. Авторами предлагаются следующие propose the following directions of state support направления государственной поддержки for the development of the regional education развития региональной системы образования: system: 1) to determine the list of services on the 1) определение перечня услуг на рынке; market; provide a description and define their предоставление описания и определение их sourcing; 2) to develop an annually updated источников; 2) разработка ежегодно обновляемой system of accounting for unmet needs of the системы учета неудовлетворенных потребностей населения в дошкольных образовательных 37 Doctor of Economics, Kuban State Agrarian University, Krasnodar, Russia. 38 PhD in Economics, Kuban State Technological University, Krasnodar, Russia. 39 PhD in Economics, Sochi State University, Sochi, Russia. 40 Doctor of Economics, Kuban State University, Krasnodar, Russia. 41 Doctor of Economics, Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia. www.amazoniainvestiga.info ISSN 2322 - 6307 Volume 10 - Issue 40 / April 2021 101 population in preschool educational services; услугах; 3) создание системы развития 3) to create a system for the development of предпринимательства в сфере дошкольного entrepreneurship in the field of preschool образования при поддержке органов education, given the support from public государственной власти. authorities. Ключевые слова: дошкольное образование, Keywords: preschool education, quality of качество дошкольного образования, оценка preschool education, assessment of the preschool качества дошкольного образования. education quality. Introduction The establishment of market relations and the well as to evaluate the parents’ costs in the sphere formation of civil society has placed the sphere of preschool education, those not taken into of education in a new modus operandi. account by the official statistics. In the conditions of the present-day educational Literature Review system, preschool educational institutions are becoming increasingly free in the selection of The main purpose of the Russian educational content, methods and means of children’s policy in recent years was to ensure the modern development. Society is facing new opportunities quality of education while maintaining its for running different types of kindergartens, fundamental nature and compliance with the introduction of innovative educational current and future needs of an individual, society technologies and specialised authorial and the state. The existing system of preschool programmes. Therefore, it is extremely important education in Russia is a multifunctional network today to view the educational environment in of preschool educational institutions (hereinafter terms of its efficiency and development potential referred to as the PEIs), which is focused on the and to try to prognosticate its impact on various needs of society and the provision of various categories of educational process participants. educational services, considering age-related and individual characteristics of child development. This mission is relevant nowadays, since the The problems, existing in the field of preschool sphere of education is the basis for human education are Russian-wide: the lack of places in development; one can not develop without going the PEIs and, as a result, high competition for through this domain. One of the present childcare places; the problem of financing development strategies is the partnership of preschool educational institutions (Lashkova, preschool organisations with parents, competent 2013; Migunova, 2013; Voloshina, 2012). organisation of a constructive dialogue in the interests of children’s development, preservation Considering the experience in managing and strengthening of their health. preschool education in the Krasnodar Region, it is possible to determine the main fields of The purpose of sociological research in respect development and forms of state support that may of kindergartens and work with parents of be of interest to other regions of the Russian preschool children is the analysis of educational Federation. Modern Russia lacks the institutions’ activity results, issues of staff mechanisms for a complex quantitative motivation, staff policy and its orientation at assessment of the PEIs' activities; the assessment providing high-quality preschool education is implemented mainly using the method of meeting the present-day requirements and the expert estimates. In this case, only certain aspects challenges of our time. In addition, such studies of the PEIs' activities are evaluated: the quality make it possible to assess the extent of of children's life and health protection, the consistency of strategies and legislative changes quality of educational results, the quality of in preschool education with the parents’ needs development, human resources, material and and the realities of social development. technical support. Education management specialists and institution managers can only Questioning of kindergarten children’s parents is compare the PEIs based on this disperse data. interesting in that it allows the consumers to give However, there are numerous studies on a primary assessment of results of the efforts to comprehensive assessment of the PEIs' activities improve the educational environment, to conducted by foreign authors (Burchinal, introduce new educational standards and to Vandergrift, Pianta, & Mashburn, 2010; secure availability of preschool education, as Burchinal et al., 2014; Hatfield, Burchinal, http:// www.amazoniainvestiga.info ISSN 2322 - 6307 102 Pianta, & Sideris, 2016; Leyva et al., 2015; 1) it does not require the construction of new Weiland, Ulvestad, Stad, & Yoshikawa, 2013). kindergartens and the corresponding budgetary expenses; In view of the modernization of educational 2) it contributes to addressing the following activities in Russia, the quality requirements for issues: reducing the shortage of places in the education have changed – the development of PEIs; employment; development of small new tools for studying the preschool education and medium enterprises; development of quality is becoming particularly important. The competition in the market for preschool quality assessment system for preschool education services; restructuring of the education involves multidimensional analysis of public sector. the PEIs' activities, since the very concept of the "quality of the educational process" is At present, the legislative division of activities in understood differently by each participant preschool education into "education" and (Li et al, 2019). "nursing and childcare" has expanded the possibilities of non-state kindergartens and The preschool education system today should be private kindergarten groups. considered as one of the factors for the improvement of the demographic situation in the At the federal level, the necessary regulatory
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