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11-1-1986

The Library Development Review 1985-86

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Recommended Citation Dobson, John (ed). The Library Development Review. Knoxville: University of Tennessee, 1985/1986.

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n this issue of the Library Development Review, 1986, I am obliged, with regret, to give notice ofanother milestone in the course ofthe Library Development Program. The editor who has for so many I years skillfully guided and contributed to the Review (and its predecessor the Library Development Program Repcrrt) has asked for retirement, and there was nothing I could do but concur. Professor John H. Dobson, Special Collections Librarian, on August 31, 1986, capped his editorial pen and closed the door to his office in the Kefauver wing of the James D. Hoskins Library, probably to head for London or Athens or Rome-without, we hope, any manifestations from the wild-eyed fringe or the radioisotopes. John is my friend as well as my colleague, and I will miss him mightily-more, I am sure, than I can at once determine, since his unassuming manner belies the strength and scope of his ability. As I review his career within the University ofTennessee,I am again impressed with the quiet certitude that accompanies his performance. He made the classic progression ofa top-flight librarian- from a clerical library post through library school, entry-level positions, and promotions leading to a department headship (in his case, head of the Special Collections Library from its very beginning). Knowing John as I do, I feel there could have been no wiser choice. I shall also miss his clear-headed counsel and his refreshing good company. All of us will miss his editorial prowess, richly evident in the library development publications and in the library's Occasional Publications. John's predilection for history has been of great value to the University of Tennesseee through his work here, and his wide acquain­ tance with bibliophiles and dealers in rare books has been responsible for substantial contributions to the University's development program. I hope I am able to persuade him to lend his knowledge to us by way ofconsultant service. I shall certainly try. Itwould be a shame to lose such expertise.

Donald R. Hunt Library Director ..

The Library Development Review is issued annually as a means of informing friends and benefactors of the library's successes in attracting appropriate gifts. It is distributed to supportive faculty and alumni, contributors and potential contributors, and to a select group of libraries across the country. The goal of the Library Development Program is to encourage not only gifts of books, manuscripts, and other suitable items, but also funds for the purchase of such materials.

On Cover: David Crockett, from an engraving bye. Stuart (circa 1839), taken from a painting from John G. Chapman. For story relating to Crockett, see page 10. Back Cover: SouthwestTerritory, 1795. It was in the wilds ofthis frontier that young Davy Crockett roamed. THE LIBRARY DEVELOPMENT REVIE\Xl 1985/86

Edited by John Dobson

EOI-6010-001-87 review of the Library Development Program publications issued through the years reveals that a great interest has been present in increasing library holdings ofTennessee materials. A Many ofthe articles report on the acquisition ofoutstanding items pertaining to the state's history, culture, and growth. These items have come to the collection as the result ofgifts. The gifts, or purchases made with gift funds, represent a variety of formats. Rare books, manuscripts, maps and prints relating to Tennessee are the subject of many stories in the publications. These stories, more than a few ofwhich I wrote, are evidence that the Library feels an interest and a responsibility for collecting Tennesseana. The feeling ofresponsibility is so great thatone ofthe goals ofthe rare books manuscripts division has been to assemble an unexcelled Tennessee collection. Allocated funds usually cover the acquisition of most current publications, but when the unique, rare, and unusual pieces come along, outside assistance is a necessity. Unique and rare pieces are seldom offered for sale, and when offered, they are expensive. Many rare items have been given to the library, but in most cases money has been contributed so that rare items could be bought. The library has made great strides toward becoming the foremost repository of Tennesseana. The reports in this and past publications are reflections ofthose strides. Contributors who have made funds available for restricted use (i.e. for use by Special Collections) are to be credited with the progress. We are grateful for thoughtful supporters who have provided the resources from which sought after treasures have been secured. On the following pages several extraordinary acquisitions are described. By great good fortune, some ofthe most war.ted pieces on the library's list of desiderata were obtained this year. The opportunity to procure such rarities comes only once in a lifetime. Without the pool of restricted funds, this opportunity would have been lost. Ir has been my pleasure to participate in the selection of materials and to playa part in the Library Development Program. The foundations are laid for a highly rated Tennessee Collection and for strong collections in related fields. With the continued assistance offriends and benefactors the remarkable steps forward will not lose momentum. The foregoing observations, while focusing on a particular John Dobson, Special Collections special collection, can be applied to the need for outside support in Librarian who retired on August 31, 1986. general. Many library goals can be reached when private resources are coupled with institutional appropriations.

John Dobson THE 1985/86

A PLEA OF TRESPASS period, it is not surprising that he was never BY STEPHE c. WICKS apprehended by the sheriff's men (who probably remained within the bounds of Those familiar with legendary figures Watauga for reasons of self-preservation). in the early history ofTennessee sometimes As a result, the Watauga Court had to settle regard James Robertson as a distinguished for a routine case rather than witness the military leader, a tenacious frontiersman, clash of two prominent Watauga Court and even as the "Father of Tennessee." members. Even if the case had been One of two important documents brought to trial, the defendant was presum­ recently acquired by the library promotes a ably miles away, immersed in delicate different impression ofRobertson's charac­ political matters that made Isbell's charge ter, and could even lead one unfamiliar of trespass seem trivial. with his career to consider him an outlaw. Although much is written about The document, dated May 12, 1778, is the Robertson and Sevier, Isbell maintains a oldest Tennessee-related manuscript held low profile throughout the historical by the University. It is an order filed by records of Tennessee. In Annals of Ten­ Zachariah Isbell, Esq., and signed by John nessee, J.G.M. Ramsey provides a brief Sevier, Court Clerk, demanding Robert­ biographical note about this elusive son's immediate apprehension to face Wataugan when he writes: "Zachariah charges oftrespass. This surprising situation Isbell was a fearless soldier, and was for years seems even stranger when the relationships ... engaged in the military operation of among the men involved in the case are the country." Adding to Ramsey's note, clearly understood. Samuel Cole Williams writes later in Dawn In 1772, a group ofpioneers leased a John Sevier, from Mary U. Rothrock's The of Tennessee Valley and Tennessee History: tract of land from the Cherokee in what French Broad Holswn Countf)' (Knoxville, 1 46). "Poor in the goods of this world, but of later became Washington Counry, and sturdy worth." established a settlement to be called nity on the continent." Wataugans later Isbell's signature appears alongside Watauga because ofits nearness to the river selected five of their number to serve as a those of Robertson and Sevier on various ofthe same name. There are varied opinions governing body, the Watauga Court. Three Watauga Court documents. One of the concerning both the character of these ofthe members elected to this tightly knit most important of these is the Halifax Wataugans and their pattern ofemigration. group were none other thanJames Robert­ petition, written in early 1776, in which It is thought that this community was son, Zachariah Isbell, and John Sevier. The the Watauga Settlement asks to be rep­ primarily composed of Virginians who case against Robertson takes an ironic twist resented in North Carolina's Provincial moved into the area in a general southward when one considers that prior to the lease Congress at Halifax. Isbell is more fre­ expansion, and of North Carolinians who agreement (which he negotiated) all quently mentioned in documents concern­ arrived in search of political and religious Wataugans, including Isbell and Sevier, ing less sophisticated mattets. One such freedom. The settlers ofthe fertile Watauga were trespassers on Cherokee land they had example, cited in Katherine K. White'sThe Valley acquired a reputation among many assumed was Virginia territory. King's Mountain Men, is a writ dated May outsiders as uneducated, rowdy fugitives; According to a note added to the 25, 1779, in which he is again the plaintiff: others described them as hard-working, order shortly after its issuance, Robertson's "State vs. Partick Murphy for stealing two fearless patriots. The latter opinion is case never came to trial because he could hogs the property of Zach Isbell and strengthened by records indicating a desire not be found. In General James RobP.rtson, Thomas Evans." Another such case, in on the part of the settlers to organize and Father ofTennessee Thomas Edwin Matthews which Isbell is now the defendant, is manage their new community. The indicates Robertson was not in hiding-he described as follows: "The State vs. Watauga Association was subsequently had, in fact, been serving as Superintendent Zachariah Isbell. Indictmt. and abusing formed for this purpose. It was significant, ofIndian Affairs among the Cherokee since Samuel Crawford."These examples reflect according to Theodore Roosevelt in his his appointment in 1777, a position he the great variety in the nature of cases Winning of the West, because its members occupied until 1779. Because Robertson handled by the Watauga Court. "were the first men of American birth to was one of few Wataugans permitted to Other cases exist in the court records establish a free and independent commu- enter Cherokee lands during this volatile of the Watauga Association that indicate

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James Robertson was appointed Superintendent of Indian Affairs in 1777 to serve among the Cherokee. fines for crime in this settlement were They joined a well-armed but undisciplined FEW PLACES PRESENT substantial. A second document acquired militia that managed to soundly defeat by the library clearly supports such an British forces in a skirmish lasting a little FAIRER PROSPECTS assessment. It is an order of November more than an hour. This victory proved to 1782, signed by Sevier, charging a settler be a turning point in the Revolutionary War In 1974 the Reprint Company of with assault and battery and demanding a in the South: it caused a massive retreat by Spartanburg, S. c., issued a small volume damage payment of500,000 pounds. To put the British, and it reinspired in the entitled Tennessee Beginnings. This volume this sum in perspective, it can be compared Wataugans a fervor for independence. The offered in reprint form the text ofthree of to the earnings of John Sevier and James triumph was also instrumental in boosting the rarest and most unobtainable items Robertson, two relatively prosperous Sevier into a more important position of pertaining to Tennessee. The items were Wataugans: Sevier was paid 700 pounds as leadership. He went on to serve six terms Daniel Smith's A Short Description of the Court Clerk for the year 1779, and Rob­ as the governor ofTennessee and four terms Tennassee Government, The Constitution of ertson received less than 1,000 pounds in the Congress of the United States after the State of Tennessee (1796), and Willie for two years service as Superintendent of being the only governor of the short-lived Blount's A Catechetical Exposition of the Indian Affairs. This second document bears State of Franklin. Constitution ofTennessee. Because only a few the name of another prominent Tennes­ Because of the extensive political copies of these titles are known to exist, sean, William C. Cocke, attorney in the influence ofSevier and RobertSon and their the reprint made them widely accessible for case. Although Cocke was a highly vital roles in the development of govern­ the first time. respected statesman, many of his contem­ ment in the western territory, documents Until this year, the initial piece, A poraries had serious doubts about his mentioning them are ofmajor importance Short Description of the Tennassee Govern­ courage. Footnotes in Samuel Cole Wil­ to historians. Due to the existence of gift ment, has been available at the University liam's Tennessee During the RevolutioTUlry funds restricted for the purpose ofpurchas­ ofTennessee in the reprint only. Copies of War show that even among Indians he was ing such rare items, the library was able to the original were not to be had in the referred to as the man who "talks very obtain both documents in a single transac­ marketplace. When a great private collec­ strong and runs very fast." Despite this tion. This acquisition augments the growing tion was recently broken up, it came to the reputation, he engaged in an active military collection of pre-statehood manuscripts attention of the library that the much career and along with William Blount, and enriches the small group of original sought after rarity could at last be acquired. eventually became one of Tennessee's first Sevier materials in the library. Such records Due to the presence ofgift funds designated senators. hold importance beyond being old pieces for the purchase of early Tennesseana, A battle took place on October 7, of paper scrawled with ink: they provide procurement of the long-wanted and 1780, that had a significant effect on the narrow but revealing glimpses into signifi­ seldom-seen title was merely a telephone Wataugans. At King's Mountain, differ­ cant historic events far removed, yet call away. Now in the library, A Short ences set aside, Zachariah Isbell, James immediately vivid and real. The pieces are Description is one ofthe stellar items in the Robertson, John Sevier, and William likened to those ofa puzzle, each ofwhich rare book division. Cocke fought together in a common cause. helps to complete a picture ofthe past. • A Short Description of the Tennassee

4 Government, or The Territory of the United incorporating Davidson Academy. In 1787 On the road we stopped with ... among others, States South ofthe River Ohio, was published he was named as one ofthe justices in the General Smith, one ofthe oldest inhabitants of by Matthew Carey ofPhiladelphia in 1793. first court organized in Sumner County this country, where he has resided sixteen or seventeen years. America is indebted to him for It was issued to accompany the first map of (when Sumner was subsequently divided, the best map ofthis state, which is to be found Tennessee, and as such was the first work the newly created county was called Smith in the Geographical Arlas, published by Matthew published about Tennessee. The map, in his honor), and a year later he served as Carey, a bookseller at Philadelphia. He acknowl­ executed by Daniel Smith, was never a part Brigadier General of Mero District. Smith edged, however, that this map, which has been some years laid down, is imperfect in many of the publication, but because the two was appointed in 1790 as Secretary of the points. The general is possessed ofa fine estate, were connected it was thought by some that Territory ofthe United States South ofthe cultivated in maize and cotton: he has also a Smith wrote the description. River Ohio by George Washington, and well-conducted distillery, where he makes peach Daniel Smith (1748-1818), a native during his six-year term also served as acting brandy, which he sells for a piaster per gallon. ofStafford County, Virginia, was educated treasurer of the territory (1792-1794), and He employs his lei ure in chemistry. I observed that he had English translations ofthe works of at William and Mary College and, like was frequently acting governor. As a delegate Lavoisier and Foureroy. many distinguished men of his time, from Sumner County, Smith participated in became a surveyor. He was so accurate that the convention of 1796, which was called Smith was well known for his work it is said his surveys never needed correc­ for the purpose offorming a constitution of as a surveyor and for his early map of tion. In 1774 he prepared a map of the permanent form ofgovernment in Tennes­ Tennessee, but whether he actually wrote headwaters ofthe tributaries oftheTennes­ see. This convention sat twenty-seven days A Short Description ofthe Tennassee Govern­ see River, or, as it was then called, the and framed a constitution which remained ment. .. To Accompany and Explain a Map Holston, which is of great service in unaltered until 1834. Designated by the of that Country has been questioned. locating the creeks and rivers ofthe border­ first Legislature ofTennessee as one ofthe Although the rare pamphlet (twenty pages) land between southwest Virginia and four presidential electors, he also accepted has generally been attributed to him, there northeast Tennessee. It was probably the seat with the United States Senate in is no statement ofauthorship on the piece because of his proficiency in this that he 1798 left vacant by Andrew Jackson's and no record showing that the text came was selected as a Commissioner ofVirginia resignation. Smithserved a second term as from Smith's hand. Most references cau­ to extend the line between that state and Senator from 1805 until his resignation in tiously place Smith's name as author in North Carolina, which had been previously 1809. brackets, which in itself is an indication of run by Jefferson and others. Within a few After his retirement from public life, doubt. Regardless ofwho wrote it, the work years Daniel Smith moved to the Cumber­ Smith's remaining years were spent in was popular, a fact attested to by the four land region, with which he was afterward developing the estate in Sumner County editions issued before 1800. Both Sabin's associated. In the new country he made the that he had acquired many years earlier and Dictionary ofBooks Relating to America and chief surveys for "Map of the Tennassee on which, in 1794, he had built Rock Evans' American Bibliography show the 1793 Government, Formerly Part of North Castle, a house constructed of cut stone edition to have been issued without the Carolina," published by Matthew Carey, which is even today a showplace ofMiddle map. Evans suggests the map referred to is Philadelphia, 1793. Tennessee. Frani;ois Andre Michaux, a the one engraved for Carey's. American Smith soon became a man ofpromi­ French botanist who passed throughTennes­ edition ofGuthrie's Geography. He indicates nence in his adopted home. In 1785 he was see in 1802, wrote in TraveLs to the Westward that copies having the map obtained it from one of the trustees named in the act of the Allegany Mountains (London, 1805) that source, published a year or more later

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Daniel Smith was well known for his work as a surveyor and for his early map of Tennessee.

5 than the date of the text. Two editions and climate; what are the advantages its The 1796 edition differs from thefirst appeared in 1796 with revisions and slightly inhabitants may be expected to enjoy, or issue because it deals with the state of altered titles (one announced the addition the difficulties under which they must Tennessee instead ofthe SouthwestTerritory. oftheTennessee Constitution). An edition labour. A general answer to these questions, Along with much of the same information essentially like that of 1796 appeared in as they respect theTennassee government, included in 1793, it discusses the Constitu­ 1797, as well as a reprint of the same text is the object of this publication." The tion, the form of government, and the in Imlay's A Topographical Description ofthe writer's earliest observation had to do with increase in population. A letter quored Western Territory. There was also a French the development ofthe area's sectionalism: therein, written in]uly, 1795, comments on edition at about the same time. In 1936 a "We discover, at first sight, that the south­ the growth ofthe area: "Suffice it to say, that special photostat limited edition (15 copies) ern territory is cut into eastern and western Knoxville, the present seat [ofgovernment], was issued by the Massachusetts Historical divisions, by Cumberland mountain, a nor more than three years since was a wood, Society, using the American Antiquarian ridge near thirty miles broad; and it is in which a block-house, necessary to repel Society's copy. probable, that the commercial connections Indian invasions, was erected; since which The 1793 edition of Smith's A Shart ofpeople who live in the eastern division, time, a town has grown up here, consisting Description of the Tennassee Government may be different from those ofthe western of from 2 to 300 houses, inhabited by a came from the press ofMatthew Carey, the inhabitants." As the account progresses, an great number of respectable families; and celebrated late 18th and early 19th century immodest claim is put forth in praise ofthe although it is not more than two years since editor, author and publisher of Philadel­ territory: "Men frequently change their the Indians appeared at least 1,000 strong phia. In the early days ofAmerican publish­ habitations in quest of a better place; and before this town, such has been the progress ing, most publishers were satisfied to reprint the man, who can enjoy the greatest degree of population, that many wealthy and the work ofestablished English authors, but of health, ease, and plenty, is generally respectable families have now set down Carey, who was unique in his field, gave supposed to have the most desirable habita­ with the greatest safety from 30 to 40 miles encouragement to American writers and, tion. Keeping this remark in view, perhaps nearer the Indian boundary. ... To a through his book-publishing business, there are a few places that present fairer person who observes the migration to this offered them an outlet for their work. He prospects to the man who is looking for a country, it appears as if North and South was a powerful influence in developing a settlement. Few places are more healthy; Carolina, and Georgia, were emptying reading class throughout the country. The there is none more fertile; and there is themselves into it. I~ is nor unfrequent to rare little volume attributed to Smith and hardly any orher place, in which the farmer see from 2 to 300 people in a body coming made available to the public by Carey is of can support his family in such a degree of from those southern climates, oppressed prime importance because it is the first affluence." Toward the end ofhis discourse with diseases, to revive and enjoy health printed work relating to the presentTennes­ the author concludes, "Such is the territory in this salubrious air." see. This importance is reflected by its south ofthe Ohio. The eastern division, as Both the 1793 edition and 1796 scarcity and the impressive sales record it we have observed, is composed of small editions were near the top ofthe desiderata has established. mountains and vallies, which are extended list for the growing collection of Tennes­ As a consequence ofthe dispersal of in the direction of the rivers. There is seana. It is a source ofgreat satisfaction to the private collection mentioned earlier, no plain, or tract of arable land, of any know the Library Development Program the library was also able to acquire a 1796 considerable width, in that settlement; but attracts private support that allows for the edition of the work attributed to Smith. the vallies are generally fertile. In the great acquisition of such desirable items. Their This one, again published by Carey at western division, there is nor a single acquisition is the realization ofan important Philadelphia, boasted sixteen additional eminence or ridge, that claims the name collection development goal. • pages. It had the somewhat altered title, A of a mountain." Shart Description of the State of Tennassee, wtely Called The Territory of the United States, South ofthe River Ohio; To Accompany and Explain a Map of that Country. The accession of the two editions of the work known as Daniel Smith's, represents a major enrichment of the library's regional history resources. The first edition provides the earliest printed look at a newly opened territory, complete with accounts of topographical and navigational features, climatic con­ ditions, natural resources, settlements, population, distances from place to place, agricultural and industrial potential, aborig­ inal inhabitants, historic events, and form of government. The author states the purpose of his work at the outset: "When we cast our eyes on the map ofany country, especially the map of a new country, in

which little else is seen than the situation I -:1." of mountains, rivers, and plains, we are " , , . there is hardly any other place, in which the iarmer can support his family in such a degree desirous to know what is the state ofits soil of affluence,"

6 NEARlY FORGOTTEN collectors and scholars it is important to examine rare volumes in their complete, AND NEVER MUCH original state. The newly arrived copy is in READ near pristine condition, with leather binding, spine label, half-title, and errata In his 1898 book, Skeu:hes of the Bench sheet intact. Purchase of this outstanding and Bar of Tennessee, Joshua Caldwell volume was underwritten by the William comments on the philosophical and histor­ H. Jesse Library Staff Endowment Fund, ical writing ofthe well-known jurist, John established in 1965 by the University of Haywood. Of Haywood's work Caldwell Tennessee library staff and named in 1970 said: '~s an author he is best known by his to honor William H. Jesse, director of 'Civil and Political History of Tennessee' libraries, 1943-1970. ... his book is exceptionally fair and Despite some of the foregoing trustworthy. He also wrote the 'Natural and remarks, John Haywood is now considered Aboriginal History of Tennessee,' a book a historian of primary importance. His now nearly forgotten and never much works have proved to be among the most John Haywood, from an original silhouette. read." By 1958 the assessment had changed. wanted materials in any collection of In a Tennessee Historical Quarterly article, Tennesseana. Haywood, a successful lawyer corpulent. His arms, his legs, and his neck "Twenty Tennessee Books," respected and judge, migrated from North Carolina were all thick and short, his abdomen came historian Stanley Hom said ofThe Natural in 1807 and established his home, Tus­ down on his lap and nearly covered it to and Aboriginal History ofTennessee, "This is culum, some eight miles from Nashville on his knees. His head, which rested nearly the first published history ofTennessee and the Nolensville Pike. Next to his office he on his shoulders, was unusually large and is generally regarded as the scarcest, most provided space for young, would-be lawyers peculiarly formed. His under jaw and lower desirable and most valuable ofall Tennessee who wished to study under his tutelage. It face looked large and strong, and his head books." was a fledgling law school, perhaps the first above his ears ran up high and somewhat Earlier critics had little good to say. in the Old Southwest. conical, and viewed horizontally it was A. S. Colyar of Nashville contributed a Early in his career, Haywood was rather square than round. His mouth was sketch ofthe author to the 1891 reprint of concerned with the literature of law, and large, expressive, and rather handsome." Haywood's Civil and Political History of during most of his life found time for the In addition to the two titles already Tennessee. This sketch complimented preparation and publication of law reports mentioned, Haywood was the author of highly the book being reprinted, but Colyar and manuals. His books supplied much of another historical work that is sometimes further observed: "One of the other works the guidance for the law practice ofhis day. regarded as a literary curiosity. The Christian of]udge Haywood, his' atural and Aborig­ Only nine years after his removal to Advocate, printed in 1819 by Thomas G. inal History ofTennessee,' is a book which Nashville, Haywood had earned the reputa­ Bradford in Nashville, is notable because seems never to have reached the public. It tion ofbeing the most eloquent and learned it was the Judge's first effort to record is badly printed, without headnotes, and lawyer in Tennessee. The portly Haywood Tennessee's past. The volume contains a with many mistakes of the printer." The reached the pinnacle of success with an discussion of various abstruse theological original edition ofthe Natural and Aboriginal appointment to the Supreme Court of questions, as well as theories concerning History was printed in Nashville by George Tennessee in 1816. Because stature in his the geographic background ofthe aboriginal Wilson in 1823. The original edition ofThe adopted state was assured, Haywood turned inhabitants ofAmerica. It is here that the Civil and Political History was printed in a part of his attention to other interests. first printed account in Tennessee of the Knoxville by Heiskell & Brown in 1823. It He played a pivotal role in the establish­ Old Stone Fort in Coffee County is to be is sometimes maintained that the two books ment of the Antiquarian Society, which found. Much ofthe material in The Christian were first intended to be volumes one and was founded "for the collection and preser­ Advocate, which is excessively rare and has two ofa general history ofearly Tennessee. vation of important events in the history never been reprinted, was later used by In his own defense George Wilson included ofthe State ofTennessee and inquiries into Haywood in compiling The Natural and a note with The Natural and Aboriginal the antiquities of the Western Country." Aboriginal History of Tennessee. History: "The length ofthe errata is entirely His activities with the society led him into The three historical treatises from owing to the defectiveness of the manu­ writing and publishing in the field of the hand of Haywood (all present at UT script furnished the printer." history. in first editions) cannot easily be considered Attention is focused here on John Haywood has been called portly and separately. The volumes are interrelated in Haywood's The Natural and Aboriginal he has been called great. According to one many ways. The Christian Advocate may be History ofTennessee because the library has man's recollection, these words can be looked upon as the first version of The been fortunate to acquire a perfect copy of taken literally. Judge N. Baxter Sr is Natural and Aboriginal History, and The Civil the work in original binding. This signifi­ quoted in A. S. Colyar's sketch ofHaywood: and Political History may be considered a cant history ofthe Tennessee country "Up "He was the first judge Iever saw, and held continuation of the first two. He was to the First Settlement Therein by the the first court I ever saw in session. This writing only a few years after the actual White People in the year 1768" has until was at Charlotte, Dickson County, about occurrence ofthe events described and had now been available at UT in a reprint 1822 or 1823. I was much impressed with the advantage of collecting the facts from edition issued in 1959, and in a sophisti­ his personal appearance, and the picture personal contacts with John Sevier, James cated first edition (complete with full blue photographed on my memory, as I now see Robertson, Andrew Jackson, and others morocco binding by Riviere and gilt edges) it through the vista ofmore than sixty years who were prominent in the state's develop­ obtained from the celebrated Streeter as he sat on an ordinary split-bottom chair ment. He preserved the history of these Collection of Americana in 1967. To is that he was a very large man and very men with an accuracy and a detail that RUNNING THE LINE faulry equipment coupled with poor survey­ 'J t OR SPLITTING ing led Walker and Smith to pursue an • THE DIFFERENCE increasingly errant course. By the time the t ! survey was concluded, their line was more BY STEPHEN c. WICKS than twelve miles north of the actual 36°30' mark. Kingsport, Virginia? Clarksville, Even after the inaccuracies ofthe two Kentucky? These and other Tennessee surveys were realized, no action was taken towns situated along the state's northern to correct them. In fact, in the bid for edge would now be in either Kentucky or statehood, spokesmen for the future Tennes­ Virginia had it not been for the inaccurate see lobbied to have the defective Henderson t calculations of surveyors Dr. Thomas line accepted as the true northern boundary. Walker and Judge Richard Henderson. After this proposal met with resistance from Walker, of Virginia, and Henderson, of Virginia, a compromise was negotiated. A North Carolina, were leaders of a joint new course midway between the two survey • survey team commissioned in 1779 to plot lines would be marked from White Top the Tennessee country's northern boundary. Mountain to Cumberland Gap. In 1802, a The team was made up of another Vir­ team plotted the new borderline, and in ginian, Daniel Smith, whom Walker had the next year it was officially adopted by recruited, and several North Carolinians Tennessee and Virginia. employed by Henderson. A project of this In anticipation of the 1803 agree­ Old Stone Fort, from A. L. Klinkowstrom's nature had not been undertaken since Peter ment, an act was drawn up on December Travels (Stockholm, 1824). Jefferson, brother of Thomas, led a team 8, 1802, by Tennessean William Maclin that accurately surveyed the eastern portion with the purpose of "Confirming the probably no other writer could have ofthe territory's northern limit in 1749. The boundary line between this State (Tennes­ accomplished. Later historians have relied first attempt to establish this line was see) and the State ofVirginia as settled and heavily on Haywood's work in preparing engineered by England's Charles II and his designated by certain Commissioners; and their accounts ofearly events in Tennessee. Council in 1665 with the purpose of for appropriating certain monies therein The reprinted edition ofThe Natural defining the perimeter of what was then mentioned." A seven page copy of this and Aboriginal History of Tennessee that unexplored land. document was prepared by Maclin in 1805. appeared in 1959 made the text ofthe rare From its outset, the commissioned It and a related letter signed by John Sevier narrative widely available for the first time survey of 1779 was plagued with problems. on July 11, 1805, were acquired by the in many years. A5 is pointed out in the Soon after embarking from White Top library this year. The letter testifies: "Know foreword, "This edition presents it again Mountain, Walker and Henderson were ye, That the name 'Wm. Maclin'subscribed essentially as John Haywood wrote it and unable to locate one of Jefferson's markers to the annexed Certificate is the proper as George Wilson printed it in 1823. As left at Steep Rock Creek that they had hoped handwriting of William Maclin Esquire, Tennessee's first history, the book will would serve as a guide point by which the who is Secretary of the said State of always be indispensable; but its unique and new survey's validity could be confirmed. Tennessee. Therefore all due faith, credit distinctive value lies in Haywood's close While discussing an alternate plan of and authority is and ought to be had and observation and his minute description of action, the two leaders voiced strong given to his proceedings and Certificates as theTennessee of1823, and with the passing differences of opinion concerning the such." Both items came to Special Collec­ years these have grown increasingly valu­ location ofthe true bearing they sought to tions this year as a result ofsupport provided able to natural scientists." Following an follow. After having surveyed only forty-five by Mr. and Mrs. Richard Koella. The excellent sketch ofthe author prepared for miles west to Carter's Valley, the dispute Koellas have continued to sponsor the the reprint, Mary U. Rothrock concluded, caused the group to split. The Virginia team development of a prime collection of "In the perspective of time Haywood the (Daniel Smith) followed Walker, and the Tennesseana centering around Andrew historian is no less eminent in achievement. North Carolina team followed Henderson. Jackson and his times. The collection, His accurate powers ofobservation and his The Virginians continued to have faith in which consists of manuscripts, broadsides, tireless application, coming as they did in the original bearing, while the North the first quarter ofthe nineteenth century, Carolinians adjusted their path two miles make his two histories a monumental to the north. The two groups proceeded to contribution to present-day knowledge of survey westward, each believing in the the formative period in Trans-Appalachia. accuracy of its measurements. In reality, Largely as a result ofhis labors the aboriginal both were several miles north of the true and pioneer history ofthe Western Country 36°30' parallel they had intended to is preserved in vivid and valid detail. establish. Though Henderson's survey line Without them much ofit would have been was initially further astray thanWalker's, it lost forever." ended up being a less extensive mistake The resources of the library are because it only affected the small portion greatly enhanced by the presence of the ofland betweenWhiteTop Mountain and esteemed Haywood histories. Acquiring Cumberland Gap. Walker's line was con­ The Natural and Aboriginal History ofTennes­ tinued as far west as the Tennessee River, see in original format is a milestone in the a distance spanning four-fifths ofthe state's development ofthe rare book collection. • present length. To make matters worse,

8 --- INCORRIGIBLE BACHELORS BEWARE BY STEPHEN c. WICKS

The glamour and freedom associated :"i _1' y " with bachelorhood has for centuries carried its price in the form of high taxes. In ancient Greco-Roman civiliza­ tion, unmarried men were heavily taxed while married couples with large families enjoyed social and economic privileges. Though it levied no direct bachelor's tax, the British government by tradition employed a similar method ofdiscouraging men from living out ofwedlock by offering special abatements to men of family. Although the United States might be regarded as a place where bachelors would thrive without persecution, it supports an 1824 Map of Tennessee showing the inaccurate calculations of early surveyors. income tax system that provides exemptions for married men from which bachelors are excluded. prints, pamphlets and rare books, is not that shaped Tennessee's development. A curious piece of legislation con­ limited to materials relating to Jackson In 1892, long after the matter was cerning bachelorhood was introduced alone, but includes items connected with supposedly resolved, Virginia decided to before the Tennessee General Assembly on men and issues of the Jacksonian era. protest again the border between it and November 22, 1826. Ifapproved, it would It is surprising that almost nothing is Tennessee with the intent to have the line have severely inhibited the lifestyles ofmen written about Maclin-as the first Secretary re-established at the actual 36°30' parallel. who treasured their unmarried status. of the State of Tennessee and as the Tennessee contested Virginia's appeal, and This handwritten legislative bill, Adjutant-General under Sevier, one would the case was argued until it eventually recently procured by the library, called for expect a detailed account of his career to ended up in the United States Supreme a substantial fine to be imposed upon appear in various sources dealing with early Court. The decision handed down ruled in "unmarried men over the age of thirty Tennessee history. Only briefreferences to favor ofmaintaining the present boundary years, feasting upon the fat of the land; Maclin's secretarial post have been found on the grounds that it had been in effect regardless of the claims, which many in comprehensive and specific works on this for a long time and had been accepted by amiable, worthy and meritorious females subject. The same sources indicate that his Virginia in the 1803 agreement. have upon our sex for husbands; treating sister, Elizabeth Maclin Carter, figured so In dealing with the boundary dispute, with utter contemt [sic] the rites and prominently in the early history ofTennes­ Kentucky enjoyed more productive results ceremonies of honourable marriage, see that the town of Elizabethton was than did Virginia. The Bluegrass state thereby, most aggravated by offending named in her honor. A similar honor was refused to accept either of the 1779 survey against the peace, prosperity, honour, and bestowed upon her husband, Landon lines unless it could be responsible for dignity ofthe state."The requested fine in Carter, in the naming of Carter County. establishing an accurate parallel from the the proposal was to equal twenty-five John Sevier, Andrew Jackson's Tennessee River, where Walker's line percent ofa bachelor's entire estate, and at long-time adversary, served as Governor of ended, west to the Mississippi River. This the end ofeach year the collected revenue Tennessee for six terms between 1796 and continuation was carried out by a Kentucky would be divided among unmarried women 1809, and was the first and only Governor survey team in 1818 after Jackson's Chick­ of at least twenty-five years of age. It was of the State of Franklin (1784 to 1788). amauga Purchase opened the region to be the sheriff's duty to make a yearly Because ofthe central position he occupied between the two rivers for settlement. In inventory ofall bachelors in his county and in the early history ofTennessee, the library 1820 it was agreed that a junction between determine their worth. For repeating has made an effort through the years to the Walker survey and the 1818 survey offenders, the penalty became increasingly acquire as many ofhis original manuscripts would be made by running the latter line stiff: "If any man shall be returned by the as possible. This effort is infrequently north down the Tennessee River until the sheriff a third time for taxation under the rewarded, for on the rare occasions when two met. From that point eastward along provisions of this act, he shall be taken, Sevier manuscripts are offered for sale, they the Kentucky-Tennessee border, the Walker held and deemed to be an incorrigible command high prices and are quickly sold. line was left intact so that the resident bachelor, and shall forever after, untill [sic] These two items, the Maclin docu­ status of borderline settlers would lemain he marries, pay a tax of fifty pr cent [sic] ment and the Sevier letter of authentica­ undisturbed. It is significant to note that on all the estate that he may have; to tion, are significant additions to the library's hadWalker's survey been accurately aligned be collected and paid over, to the same growing number of manuscripts from the on the 36°30' parallel, his home state purposes and persons, as is herein before early days ofstatehood. The importance of would have benefitted greatly. Instead, directed. "Thedocument's aim was to make such pieces lies both in their uniqueness Virginia and Kentucky together lost well bachelorhood undesirable for men who and in the valuable information they over two million acres ofland to which they might be inclined to remain single and to contain on the historic figures and events were originally entitled. • ease the burden placed on fathers continu-

9 "GO AHEAD!" OR CROCKETTAGAIN

The Davy CrockettAlmanacks have been written about here before. The Library Development Program Report for 1983--84 and 1975-76 carried notices about the acquisition ofpieces in the series. Since the year 1986 marks the bicentennial of Davy Crockett's birth, it is appropriate that the subject of the Almanacks be rai ed again. A fortunate circumstance made possible the purchase ofan elusive issue ofthe comic annuals in time for use in the bicentennial observance. Although more than fifty versions of the Crockett Almanacks appeared from presses in Philadelphia, New York, Boston and Baltimore between 1835 and 1856, it was the Nashville series of 1835-1841 that gained prominence as significant items of Americana. Much of the prominence was brought about by the inclusion of the ashville issues in the Grolier Club of ew York's 1946 exhibition of "One Hundred Influential American Books Printed Before 1900." Here the Crockett Almanacks took their place with the Declaration ofIndepen­ dence, the Gettysburg Address, Webster's Dictionary, Huckleberry Finn, and ninety­ five other acclaimed American classics. Even though the Almanacks must have been tremendously popular, only a few sets ofthe Nashville imprints are known to survive today. The University of Tennessee cannot quite claim to be the possessor ofa complete set, but it does now own the Crockett Almanacks for 1835 through 1840. The breakup of a notable private collection of Americana made it possible to fill a gap in

- -.:..-.:- ~_:....:-_-- - . - holdings by acquiring volume one, number two for the year 1836. Like others in the Rescued from the fate of an Old Maid, from Matk Twain's The Gilded Age (Hartford, 1874). series, the publication masthead reads, "Go Ahead." Davy Crockett's Almanack of Wild Sports in the West, and Life in the ing to support daughters who were eligible cannot be speculated. It is evident from Backwoods. Purchase of the 1836 volume for marriage. When brought before the their action that the Senate, unlike the gives UT a solid run from the first year of House ofRepresentatives, the bill, accord­ House of Representatives, was sensitive to the Almanack through 1840. The library ing to a note scribbled on the document the bachelor's cause. lacks only the 1841 number. by Clerk Thomas]. Campbell, was "read In pondering the motives of a Sevier An argument could be made that the one time and passed." Such a quick, County lawyer named Lewis Reneau, who first four issues hold more consequence supportive decision must have pleased conceived the bachelor's tax bill, two conclu­ than later numbers. An authority on the Campbell, for census records indicate sions seem worthy ofconsideration: either a subject, Franklin]. Meine, who edited The he was burdened with several unwed frustrated spinster pressured Reneau into Crockett Almanacks (Chicago, Caxton daughters. The Senate, as shown by Clerk lobbying this issue in an effort to remedy her Club, 1955) stated in the introduction to R. Dance's note, was equally decisive in single status (or at least supplement her his book, " ... the first four Almanacks opposing the proposition. His note, estate), or Reneau himselfwas attempting to ... are radically different in artistic design, scrawled just under Campbell's, reads: rescue his own daughter from the fate of in format, and in text from the remaining "Read and ordered to be laid on the table an old maid. As census records reveal, the three of purported 'Nashville imprints'''. for 30 years." Because no records concern­ latter assumption is nearly correct but falls The first four (1835-1838) might very well ing Dance's family status could be found, short ofthe mark, for Reneau had, in fact, have been produced in the South orWest, his feeling about the Senate's decision four unwed daughters. • but the writer believes that the three issues

10 for 1839-1841, also bearing Nashville im­ prints were probably produced in Boston. Meine's book, which reproduced in full the Vol.LJ " Go.Jlhead." [Ho. stories and woodcuts from the early Almanacks, included only the years 1835 through 1838 (volume 1, nos. 1-4). The Davy Crockett's fact that the last three Almanacks bearing Nashville imprints (volume 2, nos. 1-3) were excluded, points up the importance ALMANACK, ofthe first volume. The library is fortunate to have all ofthe more significant Nashville OF WILD SPORTS IN THE WEST, imprints in its collection. The Crockett Almanacks are an l- And Life in the Backwoods. entertaining portrait of a pioneer period. ~~ULATJ!JDPOD. ALL THE STATES IN THE O'K:lO•• The numerous stories ofDavy Crockett and his contemporaries are illustrated by realis­ tic woodcuts with a backwoodsey flavor. As 1836 Meine observed, "They are distinctively 1 American; there is nothing like them in othergraphic arts ofthe world. They show ! that strength that springs from the soil; they are not the polished products ofthe Euro­ pean jewelers' engraver." Of the stories I Meine further observed, "Here are bold tales ofdaring rescues ofvictorious struggles I I with wild beasts-real or imaginary, of superhuman strength and skill, of courage and wit ofthe woods, offlamboyant fantasy I in tall tales artfully told." Locales of the I stories range all over the Old South, from Tennessee to Texas, from the Ohio to the Gulf. Crockett's self-assurance and bravado 1 in any situation spawned his cry, "Go Ahead!" and he did. The legendary Davy Crockett was born near Greeneville, Tennessee, in 1786. In connection with the bicentennial ofhis birth, many commemorative events have been scheduled across the country. One of these, an exhibition at the National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution in Washington, was entitled "Davy Crockett: Gentleman From the Cane." It was co­ sponsored by the Tennessee State Museum. The exhibit explored the historical facts and myths behind the man who served his country not only as a soldier, but as a two-term congressman. It opened in I~~~~~~~~II Washington June 14, 1986, and closed Col. CroekeU'. JletbCNl of Wadi.. the Miuiulp,i. September 14, 1986, and is scheduled to ~II'ASHVIJ.,%,B, 'l'.IDf•• FU8LDJ1ED ro. '1'IUJ A: travel to the Tennessee State Museum in Nashville where it can be seen from October9, 1986, until December 31, 1986. Other items borrowed for the Washington Along with other Crockett An illustrated catalog accompanies the and Nashville exhibits were An Account of Almanacks in the library's possession, the exhibition. The University of Tennessee Col. Crockett's Tour to the North and Down 1836 issue was obtained through the Library was invited to participate in the East (Philadelphia, 1835) and Sketches and support of thoughtful contributors. It was exhibition by lending from its collection Eccentricities of Col. David Crockett of West through the assistance of library patrons, several rare Crockett items. Among them Tennessee (New York, 1833). The University Mr. and Mrs. Max Alvarez, that volume was the newly acquired CrockettAlmanack ofTennessee was honored to be represented one ofthe rare set could be completed. The for 1836, and the Crockett Almanack for by having its materials displayed in such Crockett Bicentennial is an opportune time 1839. It may be noted that the Smithsonian notable exhibitions. The items shown were to announce to friends, benefactors and chose to display an issue from the esteemed selected both for their artistic merit and researchers that the library has joined the volume one of the Nashville imprints as their importance in depicting the life of ranks ofthose select repositories holding all well as number one from the later series. Davy Crockett. of the Almanacks in the first series. •

II ~REASONABLETERMS in Madisonville dealt with Freemasonry, bers of the firm, (sometimes Johnston, Baptist Associations, music and spelling. The sometimes Edwards, sometimes both) were inventory of Tennessee imprints up to 1840 involved with producing four editions of A quaint little volume called The lists fourteen titles published in Madisonville Gunn's Domestic Medicine before the reloca­ Union Songster recently came into the between 1833 and 1837. Several books, tion. The firm also issued a hymnal, The possession of the library. The volume, especially Gunn's Domestic Medicine, were Zion Traveller, mentioned above. printed in Madisonville, Tennessee, at the printed in more than one edition. The There is no longer conjecture sur­ Patriot Office in 1830, is not recorded in University of Tennessee owns six of these rounding the situation ofPumpkintown or the inventory of Tennessee imprints pub­ Madisonville imprints plus the unrecorded the activities of Johnston and Edwards. lished by the Historical Record Survey in 1839 Songster. Another volume recently acquired makes 1942. When a book is not found in the Other printing in Monroe County clear the developments concerning printing imprints inventory, it may indicate that an was done at Pumpkintown. The Library at this unlikely site. The faded and worn unrecorded title has been discovered. In Development Program Report for 1983-84 in back cover ofthe volume, J. W Robinson's this case, however, investigation revealed connection with an article on Baptist The Farmers and Traders Guide (Pumpkin­ that the title was not unknown, for it ap­ Associations publications furnished details town, 1839), has the following announce­ peared in a bibliography compiled by Ronald about the location of the little-known ment: ''To the public. Johnston and Allen called, Tennesseana, A Value Guide to Pumpkintown. Johnston and Edwards, Edwards have removed their printing office Scarce and Rare Books Relating to Tennessee prominent printers of Madisonville, relo­ from Madisonville to Pumpkintown on the and Tennesseans (Knoxville, 1979). cated in Pumpkintown about 1839. Mem- head waters of Eastenallee in Monroe Curiosity about the early date ofthe songster (no Madisonville printing was known before 1833) caused further investi­ gation. Because the publisher ofThe Union Songster, The Patriot Office, seemed to be a newspaper, American Newspapers, 1821­ 1936 (New York, 1937) was consulted. The only Madisonville paper listed was The Hiwassee Patriot, which began publication in 1839. Formostofitsthreeyearlife, The Hiwassee Patriot was located in Athens, but for January, February and March, 1839 it was issued in Madisonville. If the Patriot Office was in Madisonville only for the first three months of 1839, then The Union Songster must not have been published in 1830. The title page date that appears to be 1830 must really be 1839 printed with a smudge, making the number nine resemble a zero. In any case the songster printed in Madisonville is a rare piece that is not reported to be in any other repository. It is a valuable addition to the library's growing 'rHE collection of unusual hymnals and song­ books. A thoughtful supporter directed attention to this early Tennessee imprint ... TRA.DERS GUIDE that was then acquired through the use of 8UOWL'fO AT 0Jl1l nEW, gift funds. Another songbook that is almost as rare was published in Madisonville in Til E WH OLES j LE 1835. The Zion Traveller is held by the .. Lawson McGhee Library in Knoxville and in a private library in Loudon. OF ANY CO¥:'llOOJT\' The importance ofMadisonville and fjlOM ONE Qll.

12 County, E. Ten. where they can execute book, pamphlet and job printing as neatly and in as short time-for less money than any other establishment in E. Tennessee­ and they also have a book-binder connected with their office, where all kinds ofbinding, such as blank work, [and] books bound over from the plainest to the neatest stile, at reasonable terms. And they solicit those who have good old books to bring them in and have them re-bound." On the bottom of the cover, too worn to read entirely, is an advertisement for an edition of Gunn's Domestic Medicine. The inventoty ofTennessee imprints lists only three Pumpkintown products, all issued in 1839 or 1840. In addition to The Farmers and Traders Guide, and Gunn's Domestic Medicine, there is The Knoxville Harmony (1840), of which the single known copy is in the Lawson McGhee Library. The other two titles are in the University ofTennessee Libraty, along with Minutes ofthe Hiwassee Association for 1840, 1841 and 1842. Johnston and Edwards printed the Minutes for all three years, but only those for 1840 bear the Pumpkintown identification (unknown in the inventory). Because of the unusual Pumpkintown imprint, the eighth edition of Gunn's Domestic Medicine has become the most eagerly sought edition of that work. The Farmers and Traders Guide, as the preface indicates, "shows at one view, the wholesale or retail value ofany number of yards, pounds or bushels, or any other commodity, from 1 to 1,000, at one quarter of a cent, and so up to fifteen dollars, in so plain and easy a manner that a person quite unatquainted with Arithmetic, may, by looking at the head ofthe page to find the given price, and at the column on the side for the number sought for, tell with the utmost accuracy the total value required. "The guide, which (aside from its practical applications) sheds so much light on the printing history ofMonroe County, was until 1984 known to be present in private collections only. In that year UT Klansman, from Albion Tourgee's A Fool's Errand (New York, 1880). obtained a copy in leather binding, but it lacked the printed announcement concern­ ing the work of Johnston and Edwards at KLUXERS AND ClANS According to an entty in Charles Pumpkintown. The copy coming to the Lanman's Biographical Annals of the Civil library this year was bound in paper-covered In his book East Tennessee and the Government of the United States (Wash­ boards that allowed for the inclusion ofthe Civil War (Cincinnati, 1894), Oliver P. ington, 1876),* Amell "in 1861 ... took announcement. The two states of the Temple said, "We cannotsuppose that the an active interest in putting down the covers attest to Johnston and Edwards' love for the Union was originally much Rebellion, and suffered in person and capacity to offer binding "from the plainest stronger in East Tennessee than in Middle property from the Confederate Army. " He to the neatest stile, at reasonable terms." Tennessee." To support his statement, afterward became one of the commanding Purchase ofthe rare Monroe County Temple mentioned a clan of some two figures in the reconstruction of the state imprints was possible because ofthe generos­ dozen prominent Middle Tennessee citizens government, was leader of the majority in ity of Iibraty patrons Mr. and Mrs. Max who were opposed to secession. Among the House ofRepresentatives in the legisla­ Alvarez. • those leading citizens was one Samuel M. ture of 1865 and author of much of the Amell of Columbia. legislation passed by that body. He vacated

13 his seat in the legislature to assume a seat in Congress, where he served until 1871. Attention is drawn to Samuel Mayes Amell because the library has recently been given a collection ofpapers relating to his life and career. The papers, more than three hundred pieces dating from 1865 through 1920, were presented to the University by Mrs. Broadus Farrar of Knoxville. Mrs. Farrar, the former Harriette Amell, is the granddaughter of Samuel Mayes Amell. The Amell papers form an impressive research group. The gentleman from Columbia lived during a crucial time in American history and his papers reflect that time. Among his correspondents (friends, colleagues, and constituents) were many prominent men whose letters hold signifi­ cance for historians and scholars. Letters are present from such well known public figures as journalist William G. Brownlow, statesman Horace Maynard, and publisher John Bell Brownlow. As Samuel Mayes Amell Jr. points out in his introduction to The Southern Unionist, Samuel Mayes Amell, a cultured slave owner from the Bluegrass region of Middle Tennessee, was a staunch adherent to the Union. Born in Maury County in 1833, he was related to a large portion of ;;tl.h;·~J'U.-..a A,,",_~/o r"'dW #,.., . .J #' 0.",'/ u ..../.;i, 4-", ph the citizenry of one of the most populous regions of the state. His father was a }d1';:;;;'''7 1+}t4/ I;',t;.l%t A".,{/"rA: ,,, lu,l9." /u~ 4"K'7~r ", ."{...".,, Presbyterian minister ofgreat learning, and .H«4t-liur j;l;; ~Ht". .-t{., A.H/f, ~.....;"'t OU <,.r"'''a#~t' ~f~"",n,lr~.,I/~-n. /£b ,..:, r-~ his grandfather was a soldier ofthe Revolu­ ~, .k<£~ tion. Though educated for the church, $,i ;5.r'If(', "/.t ';/4Ut, Amell taught a classic school and studied law. In 1859 he went into business manufac­ turing leather. In his surroundings, every personal interest-family, social, business, professional and political-cried out for his support of the Confederacy, yet when the vote onsecession of the state was taken in June of 1861 only seven votes were cast again t secession in Maury County and his vote was one of the seven. The Southern Unionist referred to above is an unpublished biography of Above, top: Samuel Mayes Amell. Above, bottom: "Threatening the Life ofAmell," a news notice, William G. Brownlow written by his friend dated July 11, 1868, in the hand of William Brownlow, Senior Editor of the Knoxville Whig. Samuel M. Amell. The manuscript for this work was placed in the library many years Union during the period following the Civil from Columbia: "We had quite a turnout ago by Mrs. Farrar. Probably no man knew War. The papers reveal struggles and ofcolored people on the fourth. Had plenty Govemer Brownlow (Tennessee's first victories experienced by legislators and to eat. Tom White read the declaration of postwar chief executive) more intimately their constituents. Messages from WG. independence to them. Plenty of fun and and enjoyed more fully his confidence than Brownlow, Horace Maynard and other everything went harmoniously during the Amell. The biography was assembled with government officials shed light on the day, but when night came their merriment a view to presenting the facts ofTennessee's machinations of political processes, while was changed into a perfect reign of terror attitude toward the Union and the recon­ communications from concerned citizens by the appearance ofabout 500 KK provided struction ofthe state government from the report shocking and fearful occurrences. with all their accoutrements of war. Even viewpoint of an active participant. A number ofletters deal with terrors had their ambulances with them headed by The viewpoint ofactive participants inflicted on freedmen by the Ku Klux Klan. some of the most influential men of our is the quality that makes the Amell papers Examples of these appear in two reports city. They commenced their work by valuable historical documents. The corres­ written by C. H. Douglas of the Assistant whipping the colored people, especially pondence demonstrates the position Assessors Office, 6th District ofTennessee. women and children. Finally the men fired occupied by men who were loyal to the On July 7, 1868, Douglas wrote to Amell into them and wounded several of them.

14 ·.. We are all well at this time but have written: "Threatening the life of AmeU. to lay all night with pistols under my head Business recently called Hon. S. M. Amell hoping we may see betterdays." A month home to Columbia, and onSaturday night earlier Douglas had written: "I wrote to you last, the Ku Klux Klan, with pistols and about a week ago and concluded not to rope in hands searched the train for him, wait for an answer owing to the numerous swearing vengance [sic] against him. This outrages committed on the colored people is to be the Democratic game this summer. by the Ku Klux, it is horrible. It is true we [signed] Senior Editor." The paper was have soldiers here but they do no good. They dated June 11, 1868. are camped about 1Vz miles from town. The Following his service in the Thirty­ Ku Klux come into town and ride around in ninth, Fortieth and Forty-first Congresses, mask with impunity. ... Last Saturday Amell returned to Tennessee. He was night they took a black woman out ofher postmaster at Columbia from 1879 to 1885 house and hit her 300 lashes and then and Superintendent ofPublic Schools there striped [sic] hernaked and ravished her ... from 1885 to 1888. After many years of the fact is that coloured people have declining health, he died in 1903. become so intimidated that they will not The Amell papers complement report these outrages to the Bureau Agent another collection of Amell files given to because they are afraid to.... A perfect the library by Mrs. Farrar in 1975. The Oliver Perry Temple. reign ofterror to the coloured people. And earlier gift, about 300 pieces dating from WHAT HAPPENED TO I tell you in all candor if there is not 1864 to 1937, included diaries, account something done for their relief, they will books, historical compositions and corres­ THE GENERAJ.:S PIPE? certainly vote with the Rebels at the pondence. The two Amell manuscript coming election next fall. They say the groups are enhanced by the presence in the Mention ofJohn Bell Brownlow and government will not protect them and they library ofprivate papers ofother well-known Oliver Perry Temple in the preceding article will vote with those who will, which is the men with similar background and fealties. brings to mind an interesting letter found program ofthe KK. And if the government For example, the letters of Oliver Perry in the Temple papers. Although the Temple will not protect them they would rather go Temple, 1832-1909, have items in them papers were given to the library many years back to their masters and tell them to take from some of the same men (WG. ago, their importance to the manuscript them back and protect them. ...I hope Brownlow, Horace Maynard and John B. collection has never been recognized. you will take this matter in hand and do Brownlow) who wrote to Amell. Likewise There are large quantities of significant something, for as Infantry is not worth a the papers ofHorace Maynard, 1828-1926, items in these papers that are worthy of cent to us, we require Cavalry and men and William Brownlow, 1831-1877, deal comment, but the piece singled out for that is not friends of Andy and his Klan. with the same subjects and personages that attention is a communication directed to We need some East Tennesseans ... to are represented in the Amell and Temple Temple by John Bell Brownlow. straighten the KK." papers. These records, along with the James The ten page letter is dated Bulls A closeness to the Brownlow family G.M. Ramsey manuscripts, 1790-1812, Gap, September 9, 1864, when Brownlow is shown by the continued contact John (which provide insight into an opposite was serving as a field officer with the 9th Bell Brownlow (son of Governor Brown­ political affiliation) offer the researcher a Tennessee Cavalry (u.S. A.). From the low) kept with Amell. Sixteen years after wealth of original matter dealing with the tone of the letter, young Brownlow was the Ku Klux Klan incidents mentioned Civil War and Reconstruction periods. courting the favor of the older Temple. above, John B. Brownlow sent Amell a The existence of divided loyalties Brownlow here impart information on memento of those dark days. An accom­ manifested by Tennesseans during the a variety of subjects, one of which is a panying letter dated Feb. 27, 1884, conflict of 1861-1865 has always been a discussion of military actions around explained: "Looking over some old papers circumstance that excited the imagination Greeneville (Temple's original home) and and documents in my trunk I yesterday of historians and scholars. The library is the ambush of John Hunt Morgan. came across the enclosed which I present pleased to be the repository for documents Morgan and his raiders, because of to you thinking it might have a greater that detail the hardships and triumphs ofa their bold forays into Federal territory, were interest to you than it would have to anyone Union man as graphically as do the Amell considered gallant and daring heroes in the else. It is one of only five specimen of his papers. The generosity and consideration Confederacy, while in the Union they were [WG. Brownlow's] chirography in my shown by Mrs. Farrar in placing such a looked upon as ruthless brigands. possession. While I was editor ofthe Whig, valuable collection of research material in An article entitled "Rebel Raiders" my father contributed frequently and when the University's custody is appreciated. appeared in The Library Development Pro­ he did so he always signed 'Senior Editor' Mrs. Farrar's recent gift joined with her gram Report for 1982-83. This article was so that the public would know he was the many other gifts to the library, form The based on an account found in Col. Wi lIiam author. The writing he did from /62 down Honorable Samuel Mayes Amell Collec­ Ward's diary about General Morgan's death was only halfso large as it had been because tion. All of her contributions are at Greeneville. The diary related a version of his paralysis but it is in other respects appreciated. • ofthe General's betrayal by Lucy Williams similar to what his chirography had been that was widely circulated at the time. previously to his imprisonment and physical *Amell's handwritten sketch prepared for Lanman's Because ofthe story about Morgan's killing prostration. The enclosed shows where you Annals has been present in the library since 1975. in the 1982-83 publication, additional stood when Hughes and Co. were Demo­ **A. M. Hughes was a Republican legislator from information on the subject supplied by crats. ,,** The enclosure was a small piece Maury County who had once been classifed as an Brownlow may not be inappropriate to ofpaper on which Brownlow the elder had independent Democrat. these pages.

15 The young officer from Knoxville, son of Parson Brownlow, publisher of the Whig, proudly recounted his exploits to the respected Temple. Boasting ofthe conduct ofhis men, he wrote: "I have fought them two days since I left Knoxville. They were never under fire before. In the fight at Blue Springs [present day Mosheim] andGreen­ ville [sic] there was no flinching. They fought like men who had been in many engagements. We have whipped and routed the enemy in both engagements. Since killing John Morgan the Tennessee Cavalry Brigade think they can accomplish almost anything." Brownlow commented on the few casualties suffered by his unit and the high morale of the soldiers. His letter then treated in more detail the circumstances surrounding Morgan's demise. He wrote, '~t Greenville [sic] Morgan's force was at least 1600. I think more, our force was less. Notwithstanding this we routed them completely, and I had the pleasure ofseeing the lifeless carcass of their fallen chief. In the minutes after he was killed, I met a Seargeant [sic] with his body thrown on the neck ofhis horse, his head and face covered with blood. I pointed the men ofthe 9th to the corpse, assuring them that it was the veritable John Morgan. They made the welkin ring with shouts of applause." Much has been written about the ambush and subsequent death of General Morgan. There are stories of betrayal, revenge and jealousy. The whole truth about the events of that rainy September day in Greeneville will probably never be known. Most writers neglect orchoose not GeneralJohn Morgan, published by Kurz & Allison (Chicago, circa 1890). From a private collection. to elaborate on indelicate facts connected with the tragic occurrences, but the obser­ from an officer in charge, Brownlow went indirect light on the happenings atGreene­ vances of Colonel Brownlow seem worthy on: "I gave him Morgan's coat and vest to ville on September 4, 1864, and the day of notice. bury him in. The pipe I have. It is a large following. The episode regarding General General Morgan had been a guest at wooden pipe, with a splendid plaster of Morgan's pipe was cited by Steve Humphrey the Williams mansion during his visit to paris picture ofMorgan in it." Morgan had in his book, That D----d Brownlow (Boone, Greeneville, and it was on the grounds of arrived in Greeneville the night before he .c., 1978). Mr. Humphrey frequently this house where he was apprehended and was killed. According to Brownlow, "Mrs. used resources of the University Library shot. Brownlow's recollection continued, Williams' cook says she saw Morgan smok­ while preparing his biographical treatment '~fter the fight was over I went to Mrs. ing with the pipe I have." ofthe Fighting Parson. Humphrey does not Williams to see the features of the great Before going into other matters of tell us what happened to the General's raider. Mrs. Williams received me very private business, Brownlow passes on a unusual and impressive pipe. cordially, calling me John, and remarked meaningful remark from a high ranking The Brownlow letter is an example she was glad to see me.... I then asked official: "Gen. Sherman told Judge Gaut at of the high quality of materials found in to see the corpse ofGen. Morgan. Mrs. Jo. Cleveland (on his way to reinforce the O.P Temple papers. These papers have Williams at once accompanied me to the Burnside) that he did not know there were provided a wealth ofinformation to library room.... Morgan was handsomely laid any East Tennesseans in the Federal Army researchers. The collection was received as out. He was a very fine looking man. Tall, I suppose he will find it out now." A a gift from Mary Boyce Temple in the long weighing 190 or 200 lbs, with no surplus postscript to the letter reports, "Morgan was ago days (about 1935) when the library had flesh but splendid muscle. He had a splendid so thoroughly surprised, he didn't have time no organized manuscript holdings. It was head." Brownlow explained that after the to put on his socks, coat, or vest. We got one ofthe first groups ofimportant papers killing, the house had been searched for all his baggage and private papers and accepted by the University and was among Morgan's baggage, and in the room where official documents." the first to be cataloged and made available the general had slept, his coat, vest and The unexpected information sup­ to researchers when the Manuscript Divi­ pipe had been found. Because ofa request plied in Brownlow's letter to Temple sheds sion opened in 1959. • 16 FROM THE CAVES OFMOGAO BY STEPHEN c. WICKS

With the purchase of The Art of Central Asia: The Stein Collection in the British Museum (volume three), Special Collections' considerable array of holdings in Far Eastern art and culture continues to increase in quality, scope and number. (The term 'Far Eastern' is used here to designate China, Japan, and Korea.) Bound in brilliant red silk embossed with a gold linear floral design, The Artof Central Asia is filled with vivid color plates of Buddhist textiles and objects of the second century B. C. to the tenth century A. D. excavated from several sites in China's Tarim Basin by archaeologist Sir fastened with large ivory clasps. Mounted Aurel Stein. Though this elegant volume on the box's cover is a strip ofgold-flecked Asia (volume three), printed in 1985, is the would be seen as exceptional in quality paper bearing seven inked Chinese charac­ junior. The span of time encompassed by among books produced by most presses, its ters. Opening the hinged box exposes a these books is valuable in making possible exotic binding materials and superb volume bound in royal blue velvet en­ an assessment of the evolving perceptions craftsmanship are representative of the hanced by gold calligraphic characters of the geographic region from both an "spare-no-expense" attitude with which identical to those on the box. Even more indigenous and foreign perspective. the library's other Far Eastern special dazzling are the "gems" inside the volume: Many of the volumes in this subject editions have been produced. To ensure the stunning tipped-in color plates of selected area are printed in Japanese, Chinese, survival of a special edition's delicate original paintings from the Shanghai French or German, but some include beauty, some presses issue their works in Museum. The piece's superlative planning special sections in English that identify and handsome, protective boxes. Anotherform and production were recognized when its describe plates and outline the content of of protection often employed is a wrap­ first edition, printed in 1959, was awarded the work. Though such translations are around case which is usually fastened with a gold medal at the International Book helpful when included, the vibrant display traditional ivory clasps. Design Exhibition held in Leipzig, Ger­ ofvarious monuments and artifacts reflected Kooansha International Ltd., the many, in the same year. in the plates can usually be appreciated printer ofThe ArtofCentral Asia, is one of As the three volumes previously without explanation. a few presses that occasionally endeavor to discussed might suggest, topics in the A recent survey revealed that Special go beyond conventional binding practices library's diverse Far Eastern collection range Collections' group ofFar Eastern materials in order to create a volume on art reflecting from esoteric to general. The esoteric has grown to be quite substantial, contain­ and sometimes magnifying its content. category is especially exemplified by mater­ ing well over 100 titles-many of which Other presses sharing this distinction are ials on costumes and handmade paper of have several volumes. Because of their Heibonsha Limited, of Tokyo and C&C Japan, as well as by a description of the considerable number and broad scope, a Joint Publishing Co., of Hongkong. civilization on the isle of Formosa (now bibliography of Special Collections' Far Though slightly less magnificent in Taiwan). Histories ofjapanese printmaking Eastern holdings has been planned to assist its exterior appearance than The Art of and accounts of China are particularly researchers in this area. When completed, Central Asia, Heibonsha's edition of The representative of the general category. copies ofthe bibliography will be available Mogao Grottos of Dunhuang is of no less A survey of the formats of material in the University's art department and in importance. It offers intimate views into in this area also reveals great variety. There the library's Special Collections division. one of China's most significant historical are works in facsimile ofvarious shapes and Since University faculty and students monuments. Instead of having to embark sizes, ranging from colossal tomes like The in Asian Studies are geographically far on an expensive expedition that would Tale ofGenji, to tiny books such as Sesshu's removed from the source of their study, a require months in order to see all of Long Landscape Scroll. Far more distinctive comprehensive, current support collection Mogao's 429 richly adorned caves, re­ in format is a set of thirty hanging scrolls is required to achieve and maintain a searchers can now conveniently thumb on which famous Chinese paintings are thriving, competitive Asian Studies prog­ through the profusion ofhigh quality color mounted. These scrolls, along with other ram. Although the steady growth of this plates contained in this five volume set. facsimiles, provide a valuable opportunity body of material has been of tremendous A third noteworthy item, Gems of for researchers to view Far Eastern art in its benefit to the program's curriculum, the Chinese Painting in the Shanghai Museum, traditional form. high cost of distinguished Far Eastern issued in 1981 by C&C Joint Publishing Another factor enhancing the collec­ editions has made it necessary to tap gift Co., is endowed with nearly every special tion's diversity is the tremendous range in funds to underwrite their purchase. As a feature possessed only in part by most other imprint dates. An early Dutch imprint of result, there remains a great need for unusual editions in this subject area. It is 1665, which describes a voyage through continuous outside support to enable the housed in a protective box covered by a various lands in the Orient, is the senior future acquisition of similarly exceptional brocaded, multi-colored textile and is member of this group. The Art of Central volumes. • 17 ~~~AR41JIEREN" vu

~ I ~1RABE ___ dz:tai:zOTl/ eb- 8_ a// -li..u.:. ~ ....

Plate from C. Niebuhr's Voyage En Arabie (Amsterdam, 1776).

18 CURIOUS enhances holdings of this kind. The new Denmark. OBSERVATIONS material is in three related volumes, all by Neibuhr's account furnished one of C. Niebuhr. The pieces, found in a Knox­ the first topographical descriptions of ville estate sale, were scattered among Arabia to the European public. Relating to Perhaps the most widely-read form of buyers when sold. Through the efforts ofa a country famous from the earliest ages of literature in the eighteenth century, aside library patron the three parts were brought antiquity, it provided truly valuable infor­ from the novel, was the nonfiction travel together again. Actually companion titles, mation. It shed new light on historical book. Although Europeans had been the compositions are Description de LArabie events, laws, worship and customs recorded recounting their voyages and journeys for in two volumes (Amsterdam, 1774-1776) in the Old Testament. The volumes com­ many years, the eighteenth century ushered and Voyage En Arabie (Amsterdam, 1780). piled by the surviving explorer are supplied in a new era in which travel accounts The library is grateful to Ronald R. Allen, with many illustrations-engravings depict­ enjoyed unparalleled popularity. Praised by a long time contributor to the rare book ing scenes observed by the Danish travelers. readers and reviewers, these accounts won division, for his perseverance in locating The engravings, many ofthem folding, are a devoted readership. and reuniting this important set of travel maps and renditions of monuments, great In an age when foreign journeys were narratives. buildings, inscriptions, costumes and useful not undertaken by many, the stay-at-home Though bearing the name '~rabia" implements. public eagerly awaited the appearance of in the title, Niebuhr's works are in reality Like many ofthe popular eighteenth travelers' writings. An awakened curiosity concerned with other eastern countries as century travel accounts, the volumes on about unfamiliar regions created a demand well. The newly obtained editions are in Arabia are attractively bound in leather for more and more works telling of exper­ French, but there were also editions issued with gold tooling. The elaborate bindings iences in exotic places. The period wit­ in German and English. Niebuhr was the make the travel collection a handsome as nessed an opening of the Earth's further sole survivor of a party of five Danish tra­ well as a useful part ofthe rare book room. reaches to exploration. Africa, Asia and velers who were sent in 1761 into the Near The addition of significant titles to the Americas-places previously seen East at the expense ofthe King ofDenmark. an already strong subject area is always a mainly by seamen, caravans, traders and Considered eminently qualified to accom­ welcome development. The Niebuhr works adventurers-were beginning to be visited plish the several purposes ofsuch an expedi­ are appropriate and valuable accessions to and described by new classes of people. tion, the men were instructed to explore the the library. • Numerous examples of this popular various wonders of Egypt and Arabia. form of eighteenth century literature are The party proceeded first to Egypt by available in the library. A notable feature way ofMalta, Constantinople and Alexan­ of the Special Collections division is its dria. This part of the trip required nine DROPPED BYA strength in books devoted to early voyages months at sea. In Egypt, observations were MANGY CAT and travels. For more than a decade the made on the ways ofgovernment, the state travel book collection has been carefully ofagriculture, the condition ofthe arts and built with the expert guidance ofinterested the customs ofthe people. Cairo and other Although Tennessee Williams wrote faculty. The books are not limited to flourishing centers were visited, as well as in his memoirs that he was directly discussions on concentrated areas, but the ruined ancient cities of Lower Egypt. descended from Tennessee's first senator, instead are global in content. There are In translation, the author commented, "Of John Williams, the statement was in error. volumes dealing with voyages or overland all countries in the known world, Egypt The fact is, ten men from Tennessee served journeys toPolynesia, the West Indies, the presents to curious observations the greatest in the senate before JohnWilliams. William ear East, Central Asia, the Far East, number ofmonuments ofremote antiquity. Blount and William Cocke were sent to Africa, Europe, North America, South Various causes concur to give this country Washington in 1796 to serve as the first pair America and the Arctic regions. Some the advantage in this respect over every ofsenators from the new state. The great­ outstanding travel titles, most ofwhich are other part of the globe." great-grandfather ofTennessee Williams did considered rare books, include Captain From the banks of the Nile the not begin his senate term until 1815. Edward Cooke's A Voyage to the South Seas travelers ventured east to Suez, made a stop The Mississippi-born playwright, (London, 1712), Antonio de Ulloa'sVo)'age at Mount Sinai, sailed down the Red Sea whose official name was Thomas Lanier to South America (London, 1758), George to Jidda, and thence overland to Mecca. Williams, adopted the pen name Tennes­ Forster's A Voyage Around the World (Lon­ By the time several excursions into the see Williams because ofthe prominence of don, 1777), James Bruce's TraveLs to Discover interior parts of the country had been the Williams family in Tennessee. Despite the Source of the Nile (Edinburgh, 1790), accomplished, two ofthe party were dead. the mistake about a forebearer being the three editions of Gilbert Imlay's A Topo­ The pernicious influence ofthe climate and first senator, Williams was correct about the graphical Description of North America the disadvantages of the oriental mode of distinction of the family. His lineage was (London, 1792-1797), Jonathan Carver's living to European constitutions took its an illustrious one. The family tree, found TraveLs Through the Interior Parts of North toll. The fatigue associated with difficult in Zelia Armstrong's Notable Southern Families America (London, 1781), and Daniel travel, coupled with environmental condi­ (Chattanooga, 1922), is sprinkled with such Smith's A Short Description ofthe Tennassee tions, so impaired the health of the sur­ names as John Sevier, James White, Thomas Government (Philadelphia, 1793). Carver's vivors that they were obliged to leave A.R. Nelson, and Polly McClung. TraveLs was described in the Library Develop­ Arabia with the first English ship bound for A demonstration of the renowned ment Program Report for 1983--B4, and A Bombay. When the last ofhis companions author's interest in his ties with East Short Description ofthe Tennasee Government died in Bombay, Niebuhr remained in the Tennessee was his contribution to a preser­ is described in this publication. East only until he could find safe passage vation project involving Old Harmony The travel collection is discussed into Europe. The return voyage began more Graveyard in Greeneville. In reporting the here because ofan unusual acquisition that than three years after the departure from donation, a 1971 newspaper story pointed

19 out that members of the Williams family -,-====MEM6ER OF FLORID'" NATIONAL GROUP OF DANKS ====="""" were interred there. * The story further reported that Tennessee Williams wanted TENNESSEE WILLIAMS to acquire the volumes ofNotable Southern Families in which his family connections are charted. A UT librarian who noticed the story followed it up by sending photocopies of the appropriate sections to the writer's Key West home. The librarian also offered to assist Williams in procuring these books. A note of appreciation from the prize-winning dramatist, dated May 28, 1971, contained some interesting comments on genealogical pursuits. It also included a blank check to be used for purchase ofthe Blank check signed by Tennessee Williams. desired volumes. Relative to interest in kinships, he remarked, "I suppose it is had reissued the Armstrong compilations, great-great-grandfather, John Williams, symptomatic of advanced years for me to and an order blank for purchasing them was United States Senator. Of this house, have this concern with family history: but furnished him. The signed check along Tennessee Williams wrote in his memoirs, I guess it's a harmless kind of vanity." In with the letter of thanks is now a part of "Now the imposing old Williams residence response to the offer to locate Notable the library's manuscript collection. The in Knoxville has been turned into a black Southern Families for him, Williams said, good faith demonstrated by the playwright orphanage-a good ending for ir." "Of course I would love to buy the whole in sending a blank check was not breached. The manuscript items that came to set of volumes if you could find a set for Several members of Tennessee the library as a result ofthe famous author's me. I think it would bug the eyes of Key Williams' family lived in Knoxville. Cor­ respect for family background have merit West 'socialites' who like to think ofme as nelius C. Williams, his father, grew up beyond their intent. Aside from autograph something 'dropped in an alley' by a mangy here, and returned here to live in his later value, the pieces hold significance for car." The handwritten postscript added, years. His aunts, Isabel (Mrs. WG. literary investigation. The unpublished "Enclosing a cheque for books if you can Brownlow) and Ella also were Knoxvillians. letter, despite its briefness, contains infor­ find them. Please fill in the amount. T. W" Tennessee Williams and his brother, Dakin, mation that has importance for biographers The check was signedTennessee Williams. came to Knoxville in 1957 to attend their and critics. • The check was never cashed because father's funeral. Their father had been a reprint of Notable Southern Families living at the Whittle Springs Hotel. While in town the brothers were taken by their became available before the original vol­ *General John Hunt Morgan was a guest of the umes could be found. Williams was notified Aunt Ella for a drive out Dandridge Pike Williams family in Greeneville at the time he was that the Reprint Company of Spartanburg to visit the large brick home of their ambushed and killed. (See stoty on page 15).

OTHER Among this group are ten books, inscribed of theatre pieces already in the library's OUTSTANDING and presented to Mrs. Berry by author/artist possession. James Reynolds. These are not included in The first installment of material GIFTS the collection without reason: she was so presented in the name of geologist Berlen drawn to Reynolds' painting that the artist C. Moneymaker is of high quality. This During the past year, as in previous was commissioned to adorn her Jefferson material is in several formats: maps, books years, the library continued to experience County home, Fairfax, with his murals. and reprints. The rarest of three maps in the generosity of friends with numerous The Reynolds books are accompanied by a the group is French, dated 1814, showing a gifts of money and materials. Though the small number of letters from the author. detailed view of South America. Also nature and quantity ofgifts are difficult to Donation ofthese books is another manifes­ included are a number of volumes on anticipate, the continued receipt of useful tation ofMrs. Berry's good will toward the geology with imprint dates between 1832 materials constantly enhances the overall University. She has been a strong supporter and 1921. An especially desirable item is quality ofholdings. Contributions ofbooks of this institution for many years. J. B. Killebrew's Introduction to the Resources and other items are made for a variety of A gift from Fred Fields mirrors his of Tennessee (1874), which in addition to reasons, including the settling of estates, long-standing role as a guiding force in the its scarcity and high market value, is retirements, or living memorials. Donors growth and development of University desirable as a source ofinformation on the include University faculty and staff, alumni, theatre programs. Items donated include area's mineral wealth. In spite of their old and friends. It is encouraging to know that 171 plays-148 ofwhich are acting editions, age, items in this group are remarkably well gifts are a demonstration ofthe giver's belief 26 music scores and hundreds of playbills. preserved, and will add to the library's in the importance oflibraries as permanent The acting editions are distinctive because holdings in the natural sciences. bastions of learning. they are sprinkled with marginal notes The ability ofa radio show to stimu­ A group of over fifty books given to containing stage directions. Playbills from late a listener's imagination cannot be the library by Mrs. Thomas Berry reflects Carousel Theatre productions are abun­ equaled by most modem television pro­ the collector's strong interest in palaces, dant, as are those from the University grams. Nevertheless, as television sets villas, and gardens-an interest nurtured Theatre and Hunter Hills. Mr. Field's became increasingly affordable, radio shows by extensive travel at home and abroad. contributio':l adds to the scope and number dwindled orwere adapted to accommodate 20 this powerful new medium. With David B. dramas and essays. Some representative Creekmore's contribution of120 reels from titles ofthese high quality pieces are J. G. M. the golden age ofradio (1930's-1950's), the Ramsey's Annals ofTennessee, Mary oailes magic ofradio programs has been captured Murfree's Prophet ofthe Great Smoky Moun­ and can now be preserved for public access. tains, Albion Tourgee's A Fool's Errand, The taped programs include celebrities such Thomas Nelson Page's The Old Gentleman as Gene Autry, Jack Benny, Bing Crosby, of the Black Stock and Sterling King's The Bob Hope, and Abbotr and Costello, and Wild Rose of Cherokee. These volumes, popular shows like Academy Award along with ones given by Mrs. Farrar at Theatre, Blondie, and The Bob and Ray other times, show that her fore bearers who Show. These valuable tapes bring a new assembled the books were collectors with dimension to the library's audio-visual discriminating tastes. The University is collection, and provide a profile of the grateful to have Mrs. Farrar's continued programming that contributed to radio's support. unrivaled popularity among the masses In 1963, Dr. K.J. Phelps Sr., of before the advent of television. Lewisburg, presented the library with three Response to appeals for material historically significant diaries. These diaries related to World War II continues to be were described in the Library Development gratifying. Contributions have come in Program Report for that year. One ofthese, many forms. Letters, photographs, scrap­ a journal kept by Col. William W Ward, books, diaries, reminiscences, unit his­ carried an account of the death of Gen. tories, directives, maps and pamphlets have John Hunt Morgan at Greeneville in 1864 been received. The number ofveterans and (a story about Gen. Morgan appears relatives of veterans who gave things for elsewhere in this Review). This year Dr. "The Old Unioner and the Fool." From Albion the growing collection pertaining to the Phelps has again made important gifts-two Tourgee's A Fool's Errand (New York, 1880). A conflict of 1938-1945 is so great that it is unusual books and another significant gift of Mrs. Broadus Farrar. impractical to list them here. The library diary. The books are Charles Brownwell's appreciates the interest and cooperation The Indian Races ofNorth and South America Van Vactor, conductor from 1947 to 1972, demonstrated by the donors of World War (circa 1853) and W B. Teogetmeir's Pigeons the orchestra grew in size and developed a II papers. (1868). The book about pigeons is complete polished sound. Part ofVan Vactor's success On several occasions Mrs. Broadus with beautiful color illustrations. The diary was due to his effectiveness at recruiting Farrar has presented the library with (1835-1837) records activities of a Ken­ talented musicians. He frequently made it significant materials. This year, in addition tucky circuit rider named Robert McRey­ known that his drive to recruit such talent to family papers, she has given a collection nolds. Past and current contributions from was as energetic as that ofthe University's of sixty books associated with her grand­ Dr. Phelps holds special research value and to recruit gifted athletes. Van Vactor's father, Samuel Mayes Amell (an article are duly appreciated. interest in libraries was demonstrated when about a group ofAmell manuscripts appears A large body of records from the he founded an orchestra collection in 1949. elsewhere in this Review). The volumes, GreaterKnoxville Chamber of Commerce The donation of over 1000 manuscript from the nineteenth century, include has been placed in the library's keeping. pieces to the University library serves as novels, histories, biographies, poems, The gift consists ofmore than 75 shelffeet evidence that his interest in building music ofpapers concerning civic and governmen­ collections is still strong. Although the tal affairs, conventions, finances and bulk of these manuscripts is comprised of memberships. Old publications and docu­ sheet music, there are also instructional ments are included along with correspon­ guides, textbooks and handwritten compo­ dence. These old materials such as The sitions scored by Van Vactor. The library is Commercial History ofthe State ofTennessee grateful to Mr. and Mrs. Van Vactor for (1910) are especially valuable because they providing items of such distinction. enable researchers to peer into the early The aforementioned are but a few history ofbusiness in East Tennessee. With examples of the many materials given to the addition ofthis group ofpapers, a core the library during the past year. These has been formed around which new papers collections represent wide variations. They can be grouped to establish a comprehen­ are received into the library with the sive account of the region's commercial understanding that they will be dissemi­ development. It is hoped that Chamber nated among the library divisions where members will follow suit by depositing their they will be found most useful. The rare official papers alongside records of the and unusual items will be held in the larger organization. This considerable Special Collections division, while the collection holds tremendous potential for more frequently seen books of general expansion, and should be of great interest interest or those ofa technical nature will to researchers. be placed in the Main, Undergraduate, Since its founding in 1934, the Music or Agriculture-Veterinary Medicine Knoxville Symphony Orchestra has been a libraries. Gifts such as those enumerated in Dust jacket design from James Reynold's Baroque lasting source ofcultural enrichment for the this report go far to make an already good Splendour. A gift of Mrs. Thomas Berry. city. While under the auspices of David library even better. • 21 LIBRARY' EVENTS

ing buying, preserving, maintaining and handling printed material, would cost nearly the same as manual services by the librarian. Rochell argues, "If the librarian can in one half hour save three days of a researcher's time, then that is what the librarian's participation is worth." The librarian of the future will not only have greater responsibility, but will experience changes in role, image and self-perception. Rochell added that librarians must become bold as questions ofaccess, censor­ ship and the preservation of power all become more complex and more threaten­ ing to our society. More than half of the news media are now owned by 50 com­ Carlton Rochell. panies. Rochell said these private enter­ Doug McCarty. prises seek to protect their resources and increase their information assets. Memphis State and Betsy Park ofMemphis LlBRARVDAY "Librarians must prove how much State. clout we have as major players in the new Another focal point of Library Day Library Day is the new format the information game. We are part ofthe largest was an impressive display of materials on UTK Library staff uses to showcase its information market and should serve the the new central Hodges Library. Those venerable library lecture series which began market ourselves, but only if we are willing attending enthusiastically greeted Doug in 1949 and has continued each year since. to surrender the anonymity of the past," McCarty, of McCarty Holsaple McCarty, The fourth annual Library Day was styled Rochell told the group. Inc. , architect for the new central facility. "The ext Decade: Distributed Access to He said that librarians of tomorrow He answered numerous questions about the Infomlation," and featured presentations must have all the skills to master the new facility. and di cuss ions about the new ways informa­ technology and share it with others. Their tion will he accessed and distrubuted in the perception ofthemselves should change as next ten years. Carlton Rochell, Dean of they become society's agents. Lihraries at New York University, delivered Preceding the lecture, the morning the 38th Library Lecture. A native Tennes­ program included a panel discussing "On­ Angie LeClercq sean, a graduate ofVanderbilt, and a former line Catalogs in Tennessee." Panelists were director of the Knoxville-Knox County Nancy Norton, Manager, Martin Marietta Puhlic Library, Rochell shared his experi­ Energy Sy~tems Library, Oak Ridge; Randy ence in developing an automated biblio­ Whitson, Assistant Director, UT Chat­ graphic information system featuring an tanooga Library; and Anne Reuland, online catalog, circulation and manage­ Information Services Librarian, Vanderbilt ment information system. University. Also in the morning, Anne Rochell opined that library users will Prentice, Dean of UT's Graduate School see changes in the ways they locate library ofLibrary and Information Science, spoke materials; card catalogs will become a thing on "Funding Access 'to Information." Les ofthe past as computerized online catalogs Pourciau, Director ofLibraries at Memphis replace them; those using library data bases State University responded to Dean'Pren­ may also have to pay for those services. tice's remarks. "Charging fees will cause the library Following the lecture were presenta­ to distinguish among its users, and it seems tions on 'Access to Databases: Teaching the these costs might well be in excess ofwhat End User to Search." With Sandra Leach librarians are willing to accept," Rochell ofUTacting as moderator, these presenta­ said. He said that the National Commission tions were given by Carol Norris of East on Library Services challenged the assump­ Tennessee State, Martha Watkins of UT tion that fees should be charged for tech­ Memorial Research Center and Hospital, nological innovation. The Commission Gail Preslar of Tennessee Eastman Com­ Don Hunt with Daphne Townsend at her suggests that computerized services, includ- pany Research Library, Sharon Mader of retirement party, July 17, 1985.

22 Architect Doug McCarty speaks to guests about the new Central Library.

RECEPTION HONORING Library, is held each year as a means of Associates circulated among guests and recognizing donors and encouraging addi­ extended a cordial welcome to all. FRIENDS AND tional gifts. Guests were greeted by Donald Keepsake programs, which for ten BENEFACTORS Hunt, library director, by members of the years have been offered as mementoes of Friends and Benefactors Reception Com­ the event, were handed to each arrival. The The annual Library Friends and mittee, and by Development Office Staff. keepsakes have been reproductions ofprints Benefactors reception was held on Thurs­ Jack Williams, Vice Chancellor for holding historic interest. The selection this day, May 29, from 5:00 until 7:00p.m. at Development and Alumni Affairs, intro­ year was a woodcut design, Fowl, taken the McClung Museum. The museum, duced ChancellorJack Reese. The Chancel­ from an autographed copy ofJoseph Wood which has been the site of the reception lor greeted the guests and expressed Krutch's Herbal (New York, 1965). Krutch for the past six years, has proved to be a gratitude to friends and benefactors for their (1893-1970) was a Knoxville native and a popular setting for this occasion. Guests support and for their continued interest. UTalumnus. A limited number ofprograms enjoy the pleasant ambiance ofthe museum Dr. Reese recognized John Dobson, Special from this and past years, all taken from and are afforded an opportunity to view the Collections Librarian, whose retirement material in Special Collections, is available splendid exhibits mounted there. was announced. Doug McCarty of at the Special Collections Library. Among the featured exhibits at the McCarty, Holsaple and McCarty, com­ Music for the evening was provided time of the reception were Knoxville: mented on special features of the John C. by Theresa Pepin, pianist, who filled the Architectural Ornamentation and Furnish­ Hodges Library. background with a selection of soft and ings of the Past-a Homecoming '86 More than one hundred fifty people pleasing melodies. Mrs. Pepin is a librarian Exhibition, Burial Practices of Ancient were present to partake ofrefreshments, to in the systems division. Egypt, and Chinese Culture Chest. A view the exhibits, and to visit with friends, Members of the library committee model ofthe new Central Library was also librarians and colleagues. Name tags were and officials of the Development Office exhibited. provided at the entrance so that those who organized the gathering felt that this The reception, hosted by the Chan­ assembled could mingle with ease. Acting year's social affair was another in a successful cellor's Associates and the University as hosts, library faculty and Chancellor's ~~. . 23 Mr. and Mrs. Max Alvarez smile for the camera. Mr. and Mrs. Roy Pruett sample the refreshments.

Tom Bell (left) and Jimmy Shelby converse with Aggie Bell and Billie Shelby (right).

24 Roy Pruett, Tom Hill, and Chancellor Reese admire the model of the Central Library.

Miss Elnora Paul hears about the library. Daphne Townsend, John Dobson (center), and Chancellor Reese (left) welcomes Mr. and Mrs. Wallace Baumann enjoy a lively moment. Stanton Morgan.

25 PRESERVATION Binding and Preservation; and Betty relative humidity, surveying the physical PlANNING Bengston, Association Directorfor Techni­ condition of books, inspecting mainte­ cal Services, as chairwoman. nance and housekeeping methods and In the summer of 1984 the library The study proceeded in three phases. procedures, and determining potential submitted a proposal for inclusion in the In phase I a background study was con­ safety, fire and flood hazards. The final A sociation of Research Libraries' "Preser­ ducted to assess the current state ofpreser­ report to the director notes that 597,884 vation Planning Program." In October of vation planning and to place the team's volumes out of a total book collection of the same year the library administration was assignment in context. During phase II, 1,494,701 (excluding Special Collections) notified of its selection as one of ten four task forces were appointed to examine are at risk. Many of these volumes are research libraries to receive the materials environmental conditions, the physical currently too brittle to withstand nom1al for a self-study, the assistance of a promi­ condition of the collections, disaster handling; others will survive for only a nent outside consultant, and a cash stipend preparedness, and organizational issues. relatively short time. Solving the problem of 1,000.00 Among other sites selected Volunteers from the staffserved on the task of the deteriorating books, or at least were the Smithsonian Institution, the forces, which worked from November 1985 slowing the process ofdeterioration, consti­ Center for Research Libraries, Colorado until February 1986. Phase II was concluded tutes the bulk of the recommendations State University, S. U. .Y. at Stony Brook with a report from each task force. The made to the director. Many are relatively and Northwestern University. third and final phase was completed in June simple and cheap, involving only changes The UTK program commenced in 1986, and involved the assimilation ofthe in procedures; others will require a great July 1985, with the appointment ofastudy task force reports into a final report to the deal of funding for facilities and staff. • group composed ofJohn Dobson, Head of director. Special Collections; Marva Coward, Head During the twelve month period, ofInterlibrary Services; Bob Bassett, Head hundreds of staff hours were devoted to ofReferencelDocuments; Joe Rader, Head investigating the levels ofultraviolet light, of Reserve; orman Watkins, Head of measuring fluctuations in temperature and Nom1an B. Watkins LIBRARY ENDOWMENTS

Over the years, the University of annual income, thereby increasing the source of great pride for the University of Tennessee, Knoxville Library has enjoyed a value of the principal. Tennessee. steady growth in the number and size of This permanent source of income The State of Tennessee and the named endowments. There are currently dedicated for the purchase of books is the University continue to provide support for forty-seven endowments with a total value future of our library. As we continue our the people, the equipment and acquisitions, ofover $721,000. These funds are invested quest for the best and brightest students but these resources are limited. Therefore by the University with the income dedi­ and faculty we must provide them with the the Library would like to take this opportun­ cated to purchase materials for the library. best library possible. The General Assembly ity to acknowledge the individuals, The value of these endowments may ofthe State ofTennessee has allocated the corporations and foundations who have increase in two ways ... through addi­ funds to renovate the John C. Hodges enabled us to enjoy this current level of tional gifts from the donors and/or through Library. When construction is completed private support. • the reinvestment of a small portion of the and this facility is reopened it will be a

ENDOWMENTS • Hodges Books for English Endowment • Dr. C. D. Sherbakoff Library Endowment • John C. Hodges-Alumni Library Fund Endowment • Judge Robert Smartt Law Library Endowment • Agriculture Veterinary Medicine Library • Home Economics Library Development • McGregor Smith Library Endowment Fund Development Fund. Endowment • Social Work Alumni Library Endowment • Anonymous Library Development Fund • Paul & Evelyn Howard Humanities Library • J. Allen Smith Fund Endowment • Margaret G. Blanton Library Endowment Endowment • Dr. And Mrs. Walter Stiefel Library • Lalla Block Arnstein Library Endowment • Thomas L. James Library Endowment Fund Endowment • James Douglas Bruce Endowment Fund • William H. Jesse-Library Staff Endowment • Tennessee TomorrowlHumanities Library • William Waller Carson Library Endowment • Mamie C. Johnston Library Endowment Endowment Fund • Ira Childs Library Endowment-Higher • Law Library Endowment • Charles A. Trentham Library Endowment Education • Edwin R. Lutz Memorial Library Endowment • Valley Fidelity Bank Library Endowment • Kenneth Curry Library Endowment Fund • EdwardJ. McMillan Library Endowment Fund • Bill Wallace Memorial Library Endowment • Durant Daponte Memorial Library Book • Stuart Maher Memorial Endowment­ • Walters Library Endowment Fund Endowment Technical Library • Frank B. Ward Library Endowment • Richard Beale Davis Humanities Library • Flora Belle and Bessie Abigail Moss • White Stores Library Endowment Endowment Endowment Fund • Ronald H. Wolf Library Endowment • Harold S. Fink Library Endowment-History • Angie Warren Perkins Library Endowment • G. C. Youngerman Library Endowment Fund • Stanley J. Folmsbee Library Endowment Fund • John L.Rhea Foundation Library Endowment • Armour T. Granger Library Endowment Fund Fund • • Henry Haensler Library Endowment • Lawrence C. Roach Library Endowment • Hamilton National Bank Library Endowment • Norman B. Sayne Library Endowment Fund

26 PROCEDURES FOR MAKING GIFTS

John C. Hodges Library expansion under construction. The completed building, which will be the Central Library, is expected to be occupied in 1987.

Over the years, private gifts have to note that while deferred gifts do not Gifts of Books or played an important role in the library accrue to the University until some date in Other Valuable program of the University of Tennessee, the future, there are often immediate Library Materials income tax benefits which can be enjoyed Knoxville. State appropriations simply Of course, we are particularly by the donor. The Office of Development cannot provide sufficient funds for us to interested in receiving gifts that will can offer detailed information to interested acquire the many materials and books enhance our collections or help fill out individuals. which are needed to maintain the level of certain subject areas as required by the quality we desire. Special Collections academic programs of the University. An There are a number ofways in which institution ofoursize and complexity often individuals, corporations and foundations This unique section of the Library needs duplicate copies of titles. You are may offer private support of our library houses rare books, manuscripts, maps, encouraged to get in touch with us if you programs. prints and historical ephemera. Special are in doubt about the desirability ofbooks Collections is of vital importance to the you may want to contribute. GIFTS OF CASH AND research collection and to the scholar, but The University of Tennessee, Knox­ APPRECIATED often must give way to the needs of the ville Office ofDevelopment has the respon­ SECURITIES instructional program and may suffer sibility for working directly with all disproportionately in time of budgetary interested donors to ensure that their gifts One of the most effective ways of stress. are intelligently planned in light ofcurrent assisting us is an outright gift of cash or Several friends of the Library have tax regulations. Anyone interested in securities. An unrestricted gift of this made generous contributions to the Special making a gift to the library may use the nature enables us to apply the funds to the Collections Library specifically to be used business reply envelope included in the area of greatest need. Also, a gift of for the purchase of items of Tennesseana report, or contact: appreciated securities offers attractive which, because of budgetary constraints, income tax benefits. could not otherwise be obtained. This fund Office of Development Deferred Gifts allows the Special Collections librarian the Tyson Alumni House opportunity to purchase materials which 1609 Melrose Avenue Included in the deferred gift category appear on the open market. Specified funds The University of Tennessee, Knoxville are gifts by will, charitable remainder trusts serve to bring rare pieces ofTennesseana to Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-3550 and charitable lead trusts. It is important our holdings. Phone: (615) 974-5045

27 LIBRARY CONTRIBUTORS, 1985-86

Benefactors haw made contrihuril)l1s valued at $1000 or more during the fiscal year. Patrons ha\'e made commitments between $500 and $999; donors ha\'e contrihuted from $100 ro $499 during the fiscal year. We regret that 'pace limitations pre\'ent the recognition of all donors ro the library,

BENEFACTORS Olive H, Branch Mr. and Mrs, Tell P. Leung Dr. and Mrs, Thomas r Wharley DL and Mrs, James R, Brandle DL Nell P. Logan Mr. and Mrs, Godwin Williams, Jr. Mr. and Mrs, Max Akare: Dr, and Mrs, Walter Bron Theodore F. Lowe, JL Mr. and Mrs, Norris R, Woody Amenca Enka Co, Christine Brown William A Lyday, Jr. Eloise M, Yoms Mr. and Mrs, Lam' \'II Anderson Mr. and Mrs, James L Buchanan RO"le L Mason Mary G, Yont, BASF Fibers Dr, and Mrs, William E, Bull Mildred A Ma\'s David 0, Creekmore Dr, and Mrs, Ernest E, Byrn Georgia Hm', McC)nnell MEMORIALS State of Carolyn Ward Mr. and Mrs, James F Campbell ML and Mrs, Robert M, General Electric Foundation ML and Mrs, Virgil F, Carmichael McConnell, JL Esther C Absmn Mildred M, Hames ML and Mrs, John K Carson DL and Mrs, Ted P. McDonald C Glover Branch Mrs, John C Hodges Mr. and Mrs, LutherrCaruthers, Jr. Dr. and Mrs, Roy L McDonald Estelle Adams Branch Mr. and Mrs, Richard Koella OLand Mrs, William H, Coffield Drs, Curtis and Sharon Melton Nora Branch Martin Mariena Corporation Deana L Coleman ML and Mrs, David Meriwether Kenneth Christenberry Catherine S, Mi:ell Dan R Coleman Dr. and Mrs, F. DeWolfe Miller Ira N, Chiles The Radiation Research Society Dr. Craig Colvin DL Lucy S, Morgan Robert N, Crockcn Claude 0, Ramer II Anna K, C,x DL ll'm Moriarty Richard R Da\'is DL and Mrs, Jack E, Reese ML and Mrs, Clarence L Crabtree Dr. R, L Murphree Robert Dot'on Shell Companies Foundation ML and Mrs, Milford 0, Cressman The Nash\'ille Banner &ny Dunlop ML and Mrs, Robert F. Stephens Dr, Kenneth Cum' Tl)omas H, Neal, Jr. Ham' E, Dunn VaileI" Fidelity Bank & Trust ML and Mrs, Michael E, Da\'is Mr. and Mrs, eal O'Steen Frederick \'II b'ans White Stores: Inc Dr, and Mrs, P, Michael Davidson Dr, and Mrs, Paul \'II Parmalee Dean N, E, Fit:gerald DL and Mrs, G, Allan Yeomans Catherine E, DeFord ML and Mrs, George R, Panerson, JL Julia M, Glocker Dr, Eva Jean Delaney ML and Mrs, Cameron E, Pem' Jlheph B, Gorman PATRONS John H, Dobson DL Kenneth r Phelps Robert T Gregory ML and Mrs, Leo r Donahue Jane C Pope Andrew Harris Dr. Hagop S, Akiskal Nancy G, Doughty Joe CRader Mrs, A R, Hinron ML and Mrs, Joe W, Anderson, Jr. Bill Doughty Ralsmn-Purina Company John C Hodges Anne M, Axron Dr, and Mrs, Roland E, Duncan Dr. Bruce A Ralston r Nelson Hodge' Condon S, Bush ML and Mrs, Francis COyer ML and Mrs, Cecil L Roach Fred Holly Mrs, Richard Beale Davis Rebecca W, Eggers Mr. and Mrs, Craig G, Ross, Jr. William F. Hullibarger Mr. and Mrs, MIChael L Da\'is ML and Mrs, William F Epperson, JL Mr. and Mrs, Da\'id L Rubin William H, Jesse Dr, and Mrs, Ralph \V Dimmick Estate of r Orvin Mundt Mr" Morris R, Rucker Glad\'s Shuler Kane Dixie Gun Works, Inc Magnhild 0, Fink Da\'ld L Schreiber Margaret Keally Mary N, Fam Dr, and Mrs, John H, Fisher ML and Mrs, Herbert M, cull, Jr. Ralph Kramer Mrs, Broadus Farrar Robert B, F1mg DL and Mrs, Lloyd F. Sear: Marci La\'in Wolfgang Fleischhauer Dr, and Mrs, Nathan F Ford James M, Sherrell Robert A Laurence Mr. and Mrs, J, Lee Fry III Gamma Beta Phi Society ML and Mrs, Martin L Schoffner Edwin R, Lut: Greater KnoxVIlle Chamber of H, Stuart Garren Mr. and Mrs, Ben G, Sissman Dwight McDonald Commerce Alice F, Geiger Mr. and Mrs, Bert Smith Frank McDonald Margaret Keyes Harrison ML and Mrs, Julian R, Gisse\' JL Mr. and Mrs, William G, Smyth, Jr. Nannie McDonald Mr. and Mrs, Lawrence L Hinman Lc and Mrs, David K, Gorwit: Southern Veterinary Medical Berlen C Moneymaker Mr. and Mrs, Hal G, Linleford, Jr. Sara N, Greh Federal Auxiliary Orvin J, Mundt Mr. and Mrs, Joseph E, Lur: II Lorena G, Haack State Farm Insurance Company Ruth F. Myers Mr. and Mrs, Joseph N, Owens Charles H, Hadden ML and Mrs, John 0, Stein John Nelson Prudential Insurance Company Dr, Ralph F, Hall Dr. and Mr>, Carl M, Stiefel LaReine R Retenbach Mr. and Mrs, Eugene Puen Ervin H, Hardison ll,m Randall Stokes Arthur 0, Sharp Mr. and Mrs, Ben R Smith Mr. and Mrs, Robert E, Harrison Mr. and Mrs, Hemy H, Sroner Judge Robert \'II mam Norman S, Smith ML and Mrs, Thomas L Hebble Mr. and Mr>, Robert K, Swan, JL Eli:abeth R, mlth Dr, and Mrs, Bam T Stewart Dr, John T Hemmeter DL Michael C Thoma, Walter Stiefel Dr, Frank C Thomas Dr, Howard K, HICks, Jr. Burt L Tl)ompson Jame' Swain Mr. and Mrs, Campbell Wallace, Jr. E, Lucille Higgs 0, P. Thurley Vivian Rose Shelly Toomey Lindsay Young Dr, and Mrs, James W, Hilty Dr. and Mrs, Joseph B, Trahern, Jr. Charles F. Tl1ompson Hoffman-La Roche Foundation Dr. Anna Jean Treece Roy Underwood DONORS Dr. Helen Hollingsworth Carolyn R, Trusler Caroline Ward DL Calvin R, Huber Mr. and Mrs, Robert M, Trusty Helmuth Wedow Mr. and Mrs, C1ure H, Adams ML and Mrs, Donald R, Hunt USDA Cluh of Knox\'ille Mr. and Mrs, Perc\ G, Adams EIi:abeth Hale Hunt Jan L VanSteenhouse HONORS Mr. and Mrs, Ronald R, Allen Dorothy C Hunter Mr. and Mrs, David Van Vactor Frances CUrtiS Allison John A Hyman Janice G, Vaughn Perc\' Adams ML and Mrs, Lam' r Amerine Dr, George L Jensen Marv Fannene Vaughn John Dobson Dr, Lenox 0, Baker Edith M, Jesse Mr. and Mrs, Ardle L Viles DeWolfe Miller Robert J, Bassen Don W, Jen Robert R Wallace Mrs, A M, Smoke Edythe Adcock Bell Dr, and Mrs, Milton M, Klein Charlone S, Watson Bain T Stewart Beny Bengtson Mrs, A, H, Lancaster Judith 0, Webster Joseph E, Johnson Mrs, Thomas Berry Herbert T Lane Evelyn C Wells Dr, and Mrs, James K, Blemer ML and Mrs, Mark N, Lenker Mr. and Mrs, Leopold A Wen:ler, Jr.

28 Vol.~] IIGO AJIBAD!!II THE Ae

Oontaining Advent es, Explo'ts, Spree de. Scrapes in the 'West, de. Life and Manners in the Backwood . • ashville, Tennes ee. Published by Ben Barding.

One of two Crockett Almanacks lent to the ational Portrait Gallery for the Crockett bicentennial exhibit, "Gentleman From the Cane." NOVEMBER, 1986 Designed by Greta Eichel, UT Publications Services Non-Profit Org. Typeset by The TypeCase, Knoxville, Tennessee U.S. Postage Printed by Ambrose Printing Co., Nashville, Tennessee PAID The Univ. of Tenn. Knoxville

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