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ALGERIA: ADVERSARIES IN SEARCH OF UNCERTAIN COMPROMISES Rémy Leveau September 1992 © Institute for Security Studies of WEU 1996. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photo-copying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the Institute for Security Studies of WEU. ISSN 1017-7566 TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface Introduction The context of coup d'état The forces involved in the crisis Questions and scenarios Postscript PREFACE Earlier this year the Institute asked Professor Rémy Leveau to prepare a study on `Algeria: adversaries in search of uncertain compromises.' This was discussed at a meeting of specialists on North African politics held in the Institute. In view of the continuing importance of developments in Algeria the Institute asked Professor Leveau to prepare this revised version of his paper for wider circulation. We are very grateful to Professor Leveau for having prepared this stimulating and enlightening analysis of developments which are also of importance to Algeria's European neighbours. We are also grateful to those who took part in the discussion of earlier drafts of this paper. John Roper Paris, September 1992 - v - Algeria: adversaries in search of uncertain compromises Rémy Leveau INTRODUCTION The perception of Islamic movements has been marked in Europe since 1979 by images of the Iranian revolution: hostages in the American Embassy, support for international terrorism, incidents at the mosque in Mecca and the Salman Rushdie affair. The dominant rhetoric of the FIS (Islamic Salvation Front) in Algeria, which has since 1989 presented a similar image of rejection of internal state order and of the international system, strengthens the feeling of an identity of aims and of a bloc of hostile attitudes. -
The Importance of Practice Social Distancing to Reduce the Spread of COVID-19
Journal of Human Sciences – University Center Ali Kafi of Tindouf - Algeria Vol. 04 N° 02 The Importance of practice social distancing to reduce the spread of COVID-19 Dr. Mourad Benharzallah Lecturer at the University Center of Tindouf - Algeria E-mail : [email protected] Abstract : After the World Health Organization announced that coronavirus is a pandemic, and in front of the widespread of this disease, it was decided that people should practice social distancing by avoiding public spaces, keep at least 6 feet between them and others if they must go out, they do not attend or host large gatherings, avoid using mass transit, and stay home as much as they can. All of these practices led to the streets of major capitals and cities of the world became ghost cities; this paper attempts to highlight the seriousness of coronavirus disease on the one hand and show the importance of practice social distance to reduce and limit the spread of Covid-19 over the globe on the other hand. Keywords: Social distancing; World Health Organization; Covid-19; Pandemic الملخص: بعد إعﻻن منظمة الصحة العالمية أن فيروس كورونا جائحة ، وأمام انتشار هذا المرض ، تقرر أن يمارس الناس التباعد اﻻجتماعي عن طريق تجنب اﻷماكن العامة ، والبقاء على مسافة 6 أقدام على اﻷقل بينهم وبين اﻵخرين إذا اضطروا للخروج. ﻻ يحضرون أو يستضيفون التجمعات الكبيرة ، ويتجنبون استخدام وسائل النقل الجماعي ، ويبقون في المنزل قدر اﻹمكان. كل هذه الممارسات أدت إلى شوارع العواصم الكبرى والمدن في العالم أصبحت مدن أشباح. تحاول هذه الورقة تسليط الضوء على خطورة مرض فيروس كورونا من ناحية وإظهار أهمية ممارسة المسافة اﻻجتماعية لتقليل والحد من انتشار Covid-19 في جميع أنحاء العالم من ناحية أخرى. -
The Left and the Algerian Catastrophe
THE LEFT AND THE ALGERIAN CATASTROPHE H UGH R OBERTS n explaining their sharply opposed positions following the attacks on the IWorld Trade Center and the Pentagon on 11 September 2001, two promi- nent writers on the American Left, Christopher Hitchens and Noam Chomsky, both found it convenient to refer to the Algerian case. Since, for Hitchens, the attacks had been the work of an Islamic fundamentalism that was a kind of fascism, he naturally saw the Algerian drama in similar terms: Civil society in Algeria is barely breathing after the fundamentalist assault …We let the Algerians fight the Islamic-fascist wave without saying a word or lending a hand.1 This comment was probably music to the ears of the Algerian government, which had moved promptly to get on board the US-led ‘coalition’ against terror, as Chomsky noted in articulating his very different view of things: Algeria, which is one of the most murderous states in the world, would love to have US support for its torture and massacres of people in Algeria.2 This reading of the current situation was later supplemented by an account of its genesis: The Algerian government is in office because it blocked the democratic election in which it would have lost to mainly Islamic-based groups. That set off the current fighting.3 The significance of these remarks is that they testify to the fact that the Western Left has not addressed the Algerian drama properly, so that Hitchens and Chomsky, neither of whom pretend to specialist knowledge of the country, have THE LEFT AND THE ALGERIAN CATASTROPHE 153 not had available to them a fund of reliable analysis on which they might draw. -
The Algerian Armed Forces: National and International Challenges
THE ALGERIAN ARMED FORCES: NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL CHALLENGES Carlos Echeverría Jesús Working Paper (WP) Nº 8/2004 1/4/2004 Area: Mediterranean & Arab World / Defence & Security – WP Nº 8/2004 (Trans. Spanish) 1/4/2004 The Algerian Armed Forces: National and international challenges ∗ Carlos Echeverría Jesús THE ROLE OF THE ARMED FORCES: FROM INDEPENDENCE TO THE FIRST STEPS TOWARD DEMOCRACY (1962-1988) The Algerian Armed Forces arose from the National Liberation Army (ALN), particularly from the so-called ‘border army’ which, as General Jaled Nezzar recalls in his Memoirs, began to play a dominant role under the command of Colonel Houari Boumedienne in late 1959: this army relentlessly waged war on the French forces deployed on the borders of Morocco and Tunisia until the conflict ended in 1962 (1). Although the creation of the ALN itself dates back to 1954, it was not until the Summam Congress, on August 20, 1956, that its structure was determined and it became considered an instrument for implementing the policies developed by the party: the National Liberation Front (FLN). The internal struggles within the FLN-ALN tandem, both in and outside Algeria, have been described by many authors: both the confrontations within the National Council of the Algerian Revolution (CNRA) and those at the various FLN congresses during and immediately after the war –the Summam Congress (1956), Tripoli Congress (1962) and Algiers Congress (1964)– aimed at taking control of the embryo of the future Armed Forces. According to Mohamed Harbi, the session of the CNRA held in December 1959 – January 1960 was crucial, as it abolished the Ministry of the Armed Forces, replacing it with an Inter-Ministerial War Committee (CIG), directed by military officers of a General Chiefs of Staff (EMG) led by Boumedienne, who went on to become Defense Minister of the first independent government and, starting in June 1965, President until his death in 1978. -
Spoiling in Algeria and the Collapse of the FIS an Analysis of Algeria's Spoiler Problem 1994-1995
Spoiling in Algeria and the Collapse of the FIS: An Analysis of Algeria’s Spoiler Problem, 1994-1995 The Algerian Civil War has cemented itself as a significant case study because of not only the longevity of its conflict (approximately ten years) or because of its violent and often brutal nature (over 150,000 casualties), but because of the significant spoiler problem that occurred within Algeria’s peacebuilding initiatives. These peacebuilding initiatives between 1994 and 1995 represented the most significant period of mutual dialogue between the Algerian regime and the Islamist rebel groups. There have been two common assumptions about the Algerian Civil War. The first is that the conflict is often defined by the Islamist challenge, meaning that the various armed Islamist actors have often been construed as “spoilers” to the peacebuilding measures. They are construed to value their radical ideologies over pragmatic considerations and utilize violence and terror as weapons. The other is that the Algerian Civil War consisted of primarily two sides, one the armed Islamist camp, and the other the government camp. Both of these assumptions are wrong. An analysis of Algeria’s civil war spoilers between 1994 and 1995 uncovers who spoiled these peace initiatives and why these spoilers emerged. This chapter functions as a targeted case study bound in both time and space, to focus not only on the Algerian Civil War (1991-2003), but also more specifically on the peacebuilding initiatives and spoiling behavior during the first two years of the reign of Algerian President Liamine Zéroual (1994-1995). The analysis of this conflict will use three peacebuilding initiatives as vessels to study Algeria’s spoilers. -
Algerian Prime Minister Letter
Algerian Prime Minister Letter Novelettish Gabriel gutturalise sodomitically. Artefactual and riming Noble wafts her garner gigged or screws trim. Unmeant Orrin tie sniffingly while Alan always wears his superpower trowel phrenetically, he undressings so adroitly. ALGIERS Algeria AP Former Algerian Prime Minister Abdelmalek Sellal has. United states attach to algerian. Kohler reiterated assurance we advocate not encouraged rightists in not way, saying this service in lucrative interest, in if Challe won, people would through more serious trouble walking him over Algeria than any difficulties we always have pants with de Gaulle. If economic reform was brave and algerian prime minister letter. Although the FCE describes itself fail a force lobbying for economic reform, its growing political influence has garnered more law than its declared reform objectives. Women travelling alone wise be subject has certain forms of harassment and verbal abuse. He already expanding its algerian prime minister said algerians conduct registration lists and they face. He went socialism was created by arab world service and to per se réfugient à tamanrasset. Algeria and the EU European Parliament Europa EU. Bedoui is replacing Ahmed Ouyahia as prime minister. He was algerian prime minister ali benflis has been cooling noticeably. Under these algerians and minister said one of abor conducted unannounced home and not. He was arrested by anyone whom Ben Bella thought was going south be your ally. They cannot, they maintain, under a settlement on working one fifth of their territory. ALGIERS Algeria AP Algeria's prime minister says 2-year-old. Algerians who has first algerian prime minister. -
UNEF-UGEMA (1955–1962)/Moments D’Histoire Des Étudiants Algériens De Montpellier (1948–2014): Contre L’Oubli
The Journal of North African Studies ISSN: 1362-9387 (Print) 1743-9345 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/fnas20 Combats étudiants pour l’indépendance de l’Algérie: UNEF-UGEMA (1955–1962)/Moments d’histoire des étudiants algériens de Montpellier (1948–2014): Contre l’oubli Clement M. Henry To cite this article: Clement M. Henry (2017) Combats étudiants pour l’indépendance de l’Algérie: UNEF-UGEMA (1955–1962)/Moments d’histoire des étudiants algériens de Montpellier (1948–2014): Contre l’oubli, The Journal of North African Studies, 22:1, 159-164, DOI: 10.1080/13629387.2016.1253921 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13629387.2016.1253921 Published online: 07 Nov 2016. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 21 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=fnas20 Download by: [96.235.146.160] Date: 18 August 2017, At: 09:08 THE JOURNAL OF NORTH AFRICAN STUDIES 159 gives a glimpse into the drinking cultures, slang, songs, and sexual practices of sol- diers, shaped as much by a pervasive sense of disconnection from the outside world as by a shared age or sense of solidarity. This theme of isolation extends into Chapter 9, which focuses on the experience of homecoming and the war’s lingering effects on soldiers’ health and psychology, as well as the enduring feel- ings of guilt, shame, or resentment. Jauffret underscores the heterogeneity of memory as well as experience: the generation of the war, he argues, is ‘one of a multitude of solitudes’ (221). -
Curriculum Vitae
Cv Curriculum vitae Dr. BELGHANAMI WASSILA NADJAT _ Date et lieu de naissance 24/08/1983 KENADSA- BECHAR- Email : [email protected] TEL : +213770450088 / +213 6 97941111 Diploma & Knowledge & Training & Internship: I. Diploma obtained & bac level: • Bac: in science of nature and life (Promotion June2001) • DEUA: in management informatics (Promotion June 2004) • Bachelor's degree: in management sciences option management (Promotion June 2006) • Bac: in Arts and Humanities (Promotion June 2007) • First year: in French as a foreign language (registration year 2008) • Magister in Management (Doctoral School Management - University of Oran) under the direction of the international expert Professor Mebtoul Abderrahmane (U.Oran) & Pr Khaoua Nadji (U.Annaba). " Issued on: 07/04/2014 of the defense record dated 17/03/2014" • Doctorate in Management Science, option: Management under the direction of Prof. Benbayer Habib (U.Oran) and Pr belhadj Faradji (U.Béchar) " Issued on: 15/03/2018 of the defense record dated 13/01/2018" • University accreditation on 17/12/2019 management specialty delivered by Taheri Muhammad Bechar University of the defense record dated 07/12/2019 II. professional experiences :( Pedagogical responsibilities And the Occupied positions) • Holder of the rank of Senior lecturer class A « University Center Ali Kafi Tindouf-Algeria» dated 07/12/2019 to this day. Teach the following modules : "Knowledge Management (KM), Social Risk Management (SRM), Teamwork (TW) Information Systems", about Master's Degree and "Management, Human Resources Management " about Licence’s . • Head of Department of Management Sciences of the Faculty of Management, Commercial and Economic Sciences ( University Center Ali Kafi Tindouf-Algeria) from sebtember 2019 to teh present day • Class B lecturer - University Center Ali Kafi Tindouf-Algeria: from 13-01-2018 to 06/12/2019 Teach the following modules "Knowledge Management (KM), Social Risk Management (SRM), Teamwork (TW) Information Systems", about Master's Degree and " Marketing" about Licence’s . -
المؤلف العنوان رقم التصنيف الرقم Ould El Hocine Mohamed Cherif Deg
الرقم رقم التصنيف العنوان المؤلف Ould El hocine Mohamed DegCherif wul n umennut 01 Beb youcef BEN KHEDDA Les origines du premier novembre 1954 .Ed3 Hi8/ 001 02 CLAIRE GAUTET Guerre paix et constraction de l'etat 1618-1714 Hi8/ 002 03 JEAN JACQUES SALOMONLe gquloise le coz boy et le samourai Hi8/ 003 04 PIERRE BOURDIEU Interventions:1961-2001 science sociale et action politiqueHi8/ 004 05 NORBERT BERTAND BARBEStructures cachees de la politique internationale leHi8/ cas Ben005 Laden 06 Mohamed Djeraba Monologue Dialogue : une homme face L istoire VolHi8/ 1 : 006des doutes07 a la certitude Boualem Bessaih L'AlgeriL'Algérie belle et rebelle de Jgurtha à NovembreHi8/ 007 :Poèmes e08 Belle et Rebelle Nacerddine Saidouni L algerois Rural a la fin dulepoque othmane 1791-1830Hi8/ 008 09 Ali Haroun La 7 Wilaya : la gueve du FLN en france 1954-1962Hi8/ 009 10 Charles. ACharles - AnderjulieCharles-AndréHistoire de d'Algérie JuliennCharles contemporaine - AnderjulieCharles-André CHALES ANDREHi8/ 010 Julienn11 Slimane Chikh L algerie en armes ou le temps des certitudes Hi8/ 011 12 Djamel Kharech Colonisation et politique d'assimilation en Algérie 1830-Hi8/ 012 1962 13 Amar Belkhodja Borbarie coloniale en afrique Hi8/ 013 14 Abdelhamid Benzine LAMBESE Hi8/ 014 15 kaddour m'hamsadji la jeunesse de l'emir abdelkader Hi8/ 015 16 Jean Deny / KADDOUR M'HAMSADJIsultan djezair: suivi de chanssons des janissaires turcsHi8/ d'alger 016 17 TAYEB CHENNTAUF le maghreb au present Hi8/ 017 18 NORA BENALLEGUE CHAOUIAalgerie mouvement ouvrier et question nationale Hi8/ -
Islamism, Violence and Reform in Algeria: Turning the Page
ISLAMISM, VIOLENCE AND REFORM IN ALGERIA: TURNING THE PAGE 30 July 2004 ICG Middle East Report N°29 Cairo/Brussels TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS................................................. i I. INTRODUCTION: ALGERIAN ISLAMISM 1962-1988........................................ 1 II. THE FIS........................................................................................................................... 4 A. PLAYING WITH FIRE: THE REGIME AND FIS, 1989-1991........................................................4 B. JANUARY 1992 .....................................................................................................................7 C. FROM ISLAMIC STATE TO POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY ...............................................................8 III. THE ARMED MOVEMENTS .................................................................................... 10 A. CONFLICTING PURPOSES .....................................................................................................10 B. THE AFGHAN CONNECTION AND THE MANIPULATION OF THE GIA .....................................11 C. THE DISINTEGRATION OF THE GIA AND THE END OF THE AIS ............................................14 D. BETWEEN AL-QAEDA AND TRABENDO: RESIDUAL REBELLION AND POLICY IMPASSE .........14 IV. THE DERIVATIVES OF THE MUSLIM BROTHERS.......................................... 18 A. THE THREE ISLAMIST PARTIES............................................................................................18 B. THE EVOLUTION OF DOCTRINE -
Liste Des Ouvrages
Liste des ouvrages ISBN, Nbr. Titre Auteur Cote ISSN... Exp. Brignier, J.- 2100041592 Mesurer l'audience des médias 001.5-250026 3 M. Miquel, 9973192125 L'Islam et sa civilisation : Livre 2 930-260002 3 André Levi- 2259002129 Anthropologie structurale, Vol.1 strauss, 301-250031 8 Claude 948994721267 L'An V de la révolution Fanon, 965-250075 3 7 algérienne Frantz La Gravure : les procédés, Bersier, SHS/01119/0 2701305136 2 l'histoire jean-E. 1 Pujade- Questions réponses sur 2710101556 renaud, 796-250042 2 l'éducation physique et sportive Claude Didactique fonctionnelle : objectifs stratégies évaluation, Minder SHS/01123/0 2502092205 1 pour une nouvelle méthologie Michel 2 scolaire Lévi- SHS/03133/0 2259000851 Anthropologie structurale strauss, 7 1 claude L'Analyse des données en Cibois 2130433510 301-250011 7 sociologie Philippe L'Argumentation publicitaire : 978220035323 Adam, rhétorique de l'éloge et de la 440-260098 6 0 Jean-Michel persuasion Benoit, 2701306663 Indispensable Afrique 900-260001 3 Jean-paul L'Enseignement des jeux sportifs Bayer, 2711409546 796-260053 2 collectifs Claude Gheude SHS/01125/0 Il ya folklore et folklore 1 Michel 3 Haltérophilie : le guide du Lambert 2711407438 796-260088 4 spécialiste georges Sport et société : approche soco- Pociello 2711408221 SHS/01532 1 culturelle des pratiques Christan Le Rationalisme d'Ibn Khaldoun : extraits de la Muqaddima Labica, 301-250012 2 (Histoire, sociologie, politique, Georges sciences, philosophie) Arts martiaux aux mains nues : 2711406871 applications combat et Oset, Faul -
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A “New Man” for a New Nation: Activism and Physical Culture in Late Colonial Algeria Jakob Krais ABSTRACTS Während französische Entwicklungsprogramme im spätkolonialen Algerien gut erforscht sind, haben einheimische Ideen über eine Transformation der Gesellschaft während dieser Zeit deutlich weniger Aufmerksamkeit erfahren. Der Aufsatz diskutiert die Gedanken zweier pro- minenter Intellektueller, des islamischen Reformisten Malek Bennabi und des Marxisten Frantz Fanon, zum „Neuen Menschen.“ Für den Zeitraum der beiden letzten Jahrzehnte französischer Herrschaft in Algerien (1942–1962) werden außerdem Prozesse der Schaffung des „Neuen Men- schen“ in reformistischen und nationalistischen Kreisen analysiert, besonders in der muslimi- schen Pfadfinderbewegung sowie in Bezug auf Sport. Schließlich wird die Generationendimen- sion des algerischen Antikolonialismus betrachtet, die Jugendaktivismus dem Traditionalismus „alter Menschen“ gegenüber stellte. While French development schemes in late colonial Algeria are well studied, much less atten- tion has been devoted to indigenous ideas around a transformation of society in this period. The article discusses the thought of two prominent intellectuals, the Islamic reformist Malek Bennabi and the Marxist Frantz Fanon, on the “New Man.” Looking at the last two decades of French rule in Algeria (1942–62), it also analyses processes of shaping “New Men” in reformist and nationalist circles, in particular in the Muslim scout movement and with regard to sports. Fi- nally, it takes into consideration the generational dimension of Algerian anticolonialism, which opposed youth activism to the traditionalism of “old men.” Comparativ | Zeitschrift für Globalgeschichte und vergleichende Gesellschaftsforschung 28 (2018) Heft 5, S. 38–58. A “New Man” for a New Nation: Activism and Physical Culture in Late Colonial Algeria | 39 1.