Analysis of Explosives Reference List
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Punked the Warped Tech of a Victorian World That Never Was
THE MAGAZINE OF TECHNOLOGY INSIDERS 10.08 STEAM PUNKED THE WARPED TECH OF A VICTORIAN WORLD THAT NEVER WAS www.spectrum.ieee.org volume 45 number 10 north american 10.08 UPDATE 13 OPEN-SOURCE VOTING Can open-source software save electronic voting? By Mark Anderson 14 VIRTUAL COLONOSCOPY 16 CAR TALK 18 KEEPING MEMS MOVING 20 HOME FUEL CELLS TO SELL IN JAPAN OPINION 22 48 9 SPECTRAL LINES Is the United States ready for digital television? The transition may not be so smooth. By Tekla S. Perry 10 FORUM Futurist Ray Kurzweil gets the last word on the singularity. 21 TECHNICALLY SPEAKING New words are needed to reprocess old electronics. By Paul McFedries DEPARTMENTS 4 BACK STORY 28 On the road to Tikrit. SPARKS FLY: COVER STORY 6 CONTRIBUTORS Engineers build community and 22 HANDS ON more at TechShop 48 THE STEAMPUNK TechShop, a high-tech hands-on [top left]; strange workshop, is expanding—perhaps to steam-powered CONTRAPTORS a city near you. By David Schneider critters inhabit Do-it-yourself enthusiasts are drawing on the aesthetics of the I-Wei Huang’s CAREERS garage [top right]; 19th-century Victorian era to create fantastic brass-adorned, steam-driven 24 Sam Altman is only 23 and on and solar panels machines. All hail the steampunk subculture. By Erico Guizzo leave from Stanford, but his software on a U.S. Air Force base harvest may already be on your cellphone. energy from the 28 A LESS WELL-OILED WAR MACHINE By Susan Karlin sun [bottom]. One of the world’s most profligate users of energy, the U.S. -
Taggants in Explosives (Part 5 Of
—. — Chapter Ill TAGGANT RESEARCH REVIEW —. .—— Chapter 111.–TAGGANT RESEARCH REVIEW **** **** *.*0 **** 9*** **** **** ***0 *0** **** **0 *****9 51 Taggant Development History ● **** **** **** 900* **4* *a **a********** 51 Identification Taggants. 51 Predetonation Only. 52 Radiological Tracers. 52 Chemical Assay. 53 Physical Taggants . 53 Summary. 56 Detection Taggants. 56 Vapor Taggants. 57 Summary. 58 Detection Taggant Sensor Systems. .......59 untagged Detectoin ● **** a*** **** **** e.** a*** **** *e* be********* 62 Vapor Detection. ..62 Differential Contrast Radiography . .. .....63 Excitation lnduced Emissions. .......64 Summary. .......65 Current BAFT/Aerospace Tagget ● **** 65 Program Status ... , . 65 Projected Schedule. ............ 68 Implementation Philosophy. ., . .......69 Identification Taggant Surviaval Teasting ● **0* **** **m* **09 *b** **em **0** 70 Boosters, Military Explosives . ., . .......71 Black and Smokeless Powders . .......72 Detonators and Detonating Cord . .......72 Summary. .......72 Chapter Ill TAGGANT RESEARCH REVIEW INTRODUCTION TAGGANT DEVELOPMENT HISTORY The idea of adding material to explosives to Identification Taggants enhance the predetonation detection and the postdetonation identification of explosives has Ideas for tagging materials to be used for been considered by various military and civil- identification of the source of explosives used ian agencies for at least 15 years. Some of the in criminal bombings and bombing attempts suggested material, such as radioactive iso- can be generally grouped into the following topes, would perform both functions, some four classes: could only perform one. A number of the con- 1. addition of materials that would not sur- cepts which have been proposed during that vive the detonation, but which would pro- time are briefly described in the following sub- vide information if a bomb were recov- sect ions. ered undetonated; 51 52 ● Taggants in Explosives 2. -
Proceedings Illinois Mining Institute
PROCEEDINGS of the ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE FOUNDED FEBRUARY. 1892 MmiurjMm yean. 1957 Annual Meeting SPRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS October 18, 1957 Pali. Hai.bkr.m.kbkn President, 1957 Jn IGflimuj y&mtmbtmxn WILLIAM ORTMAN, Feb. 22. 1931 JOHN T. RYAN. Fob. 20. 1941 S. W. FARNHAM. March 12. 1931 M. F. PELTIER. April 2. 1941 H. C. PERRY. April 13. 1931 F. M. BEAN. April 30. 1941 A. J. SAYERS. Oct. 11. 1931 C. J. SANDOE. Aug. 29. 1941 C. E. KARSTROM. March 24. 1937 F. M. SCHULL. Aug. 20. 1941 JOSEPH D. ZOOK. May 28. 1932 F. F. SCHL1NK. March 15. 1942 EDWARD CAHILL. Aug. 4. 1932 FRED F. GERMANN. March 31. 1942 JOSEPH VIANO. Dec. 12. 1932 JOHN MENTLER. April 28. 1942 JOHN ROLLO. Feb. 6. 1933 HUGH MURRAY. Juno 5. 1942 DAVID I. ROCK, Aug. 2. 1933 G. D. COWIN. Juno 14. 1942 WM. HUTTON. Aug. 18. 1934 JAMES M. ROLLO. Juno 15. 1942 FRED K. CLARK. Oct. 24. 1934 SYDNEY A. HALE. Aug. 12. 1942 ERWIN CHINN. April 16. 1935 BYRON BROWN. Sopt. 17. 1942 ADAM CURRIE. June 12. 1935 J. E. SEYMOUR. Nov. 21. 1942 W. H. SLINGLUFF, Sopt. 10. 1935 OTTO AWE. Doc. 6. 1942 CHAS. B. SPICER. Oct. 26. 1935 A. F. ALLARD. Dec. 29. 1942 NELSON P. MORRIS. Sopt. 3. 1936 THOMAS R. STOCKETT. Fob. 15, 1943 DON WILLIS. Dec. 9. 1936 A. R. JOYCE. April 7. 1943 T. E. COULEHAN. Jan. 11. 1937 W. S. BURRIS. April 9. 1943 ALBERT WEBB, March 5. 1937 A. H. MALSBERGER. May 7. 1943 H. B. COOLEY. -
Martian Crater Morphology
ANALYSIS OF THE DEPTH-DIAMETER RELATIONSHIP OF MARTIAN CRATERS A Capstone Experience Thesis Presented by Jared Howenstine Completion Date: May 2006 Approved By: Professor M. Darby Dyar, Astronomy Professor Christopher Condit, Geology Professor Judith Young, Astronomy Abstract Title: Analysis of the Depth-Diameter Relationship of Martian Craters Author: Jared Howenstine, Astronomy Approved By: Judith Young, Astronomy Approved By: M. Darby Dyar, Astronomy Approved By: Christopher Condit, Geology CE Type: Departmental Honors Project Using a gridded version of maritan topography with the computer program Gridview, this project studied the depth-diameter relationship of martian impact craters. The work encompasses 361 profiles of impacts with diameters larger than 15 kilometers and is a continuation of work that was started at the Lunar and Planetary Institute in Houston, Texas under the guidance of Dr. Walter S. Keifer. Using the most ‘pristine,’ or deepest craters in the data a depth-diameter relationship was determined: d = 0.610D 0.327 , where d is the depth of the crater and D is the diameter of the crater, both in kilometers. This relationship can then be used to estimate the theoretical depth of any impact radius, and therefore can be used to estimate the pristine shape of the crater. With a depth-diameter ratio for a particular crater, the measured depth can then be compared to this theoretical value and an estimate of the amount of material within the crater, or fill, can then be calculated. The data includes 140 named impact craters, 3 basins, and 218 other impacts. The named data encompasses all named impact structures of greater than 100 kilometers in diameter. -
Deep Ultraviolet Resonance Raman Excitation Enables Explosives Detection
Deep Ultraviolet Resonance Raman Excitation Enables Explosives Detection DAVID D. TUSCHEL, ALEKSANDR V. MIKHONIN, BRIAN E. LEMOFF, and SANFORD A. ASHER* University of Pittsburgh, Department of Chemistry, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260 (D.D.T., A.V.M., S.A.A.); and West Virginia High Technology Consortium Foundation, 1000 Technology Drive, Fairmont, West Virginia 26554 (B.E.L.) We measured the 229 nm absolute ultraviolet (UV) Raman cross-sections detection, e.g., an object suspected of being a roadside bomb. of the explosives trinitrotoluene (TNT), pentaerythritol tetranitrate Two remote detection methods are laser-induced breakdown (PETN), cyclotrimethylene-trinitramine (RDX), the chemically related spectroscopy (LIBS)4,5 and Raman spectroscopy.6–8 Single- nitroamine explosive HMX, and ammonium nitrate in solution. The 229 shot LIBS spectra with excellent signal-to-noise ratio can nm Raman cross-sections are 1000-fold greater than those excited in the readily be obtained at distances of 30 m. However, because near-infrared and visible spectral regions. Deep UV resonance Raman LIBS is essentially an atomic emission method it is useful spectroscopy enables detection of explosives at parts-per-billion (ppb) concentrations and may prove useful for stand-off spectroscopic detection mainly for determining elemental composition; the method of explosives. lacks clear molecular specificity. In contrast, the Raman band Index Headings: Ultraviolet resonance Raman; Explosives; Energetic frequencies depend upon chemical bonding in the compounds materials; Absolute Raman cross-sections; Solution phase; Stand-off to be identified. Therefore, remote detection by Raman detection; Acetonitrile. spectroscopy offers the distinct advantage of chemical specificity and benefits from the ability to generate valid reference Raman spectra under laboratory conditions, against INTRODUCTION which spectra obtained in the field can be compared. -
GSA ROCKY MOUNTAIN/CORDILLERAN JOINT SECTION MEETING 15–17 May Double Tree by Hilton Hotel and Conference Center, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
Volume 50, Number 5 GSA ROCKY MOUNTAIN/CORDILLERAN JOINT SECTION MEETING 15–17 May Double Tree by Hilton Hotel and Conference Center, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA www.geosociety.org/rm-mtg Sunset Crater is a cinder cone located north of Flagstaff, Arizona, USA. Program 05-RM-cvr.indd 1 2/27/2018 4:17:06 PM Program Joint Meeting Rocky Mountain Section, 70th Meeting Cordilleran Section, 114th Meeting Flagstaff, Arizona, USA 15–17 May 2018 2018 Meeting Committee General Chair . Paul Umhoefer Rocky Mountain Co-Chair . Dennis Newell Technical Program Co-Chairs . Nancy Riggs, Ryan Crow, David Elliott Field Trip Co-Chairs . Mike Smith, Steven Semken Short Courses, Student Volunteer . Lisa Skinner Exhibits, Sponsorship . Stephen Reynolds GSA Rocky Mountain Section Officers for 2018–2019 Chair . Janet Dewey Vice Chair . Kevin Mahan Past Chair . Amy Ellwein Secretary/Treasurer . Shannon Mahan GSA Cordilleran Section Officers for 2018–2019 Chair . Susan Cashman Vice Chair . Michael Wells Past Chair . Kathleen Surpless Secretary/Treasurer . Calvin Barnes Sponors We thank our sponsors below for their generous support. School of Earth and Space Exploration - Arizona State University College of Engineering, Forestry, and Natural Sciences University of Arizona Geosciences (Arizona LaserChron Laboratory - ALC, Arizona Radiogenic Helium Dating Lab - ARHDL) School of Earth Sciences & Environmental Sustainability - Northern Arizona University Arizona Geological Survey - sponsorship of the banquet Prof . Stephen J Reynolds, author of Exploring Geology, Exploring Earth Science, and Exploring Physical Geography - sponsorship of the banquet NOTICE By registering for this meeting, you have acknowledged that you have read and will comply with the GSA Code of Conduct for Events (full code of conduct listed on page 31) . -
Guide for the Selection of Commercial Explosives Detection Systems for Law Enforcement Applications
U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs National Institute of Justice National Institute of Justice ABOUT THELaw LAW Enforcement ENFORCEMENT and Corrections AND CORRECTIONS Standards and Testing Program Guide for the Selection of Commercial Explosives Detection Systems for Law Enforcement Applications NIJ Guide 100-99 U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs 810 Seventh Street N.W. Washington, DC 20531 Janet Reno Attorney General Raymond C. Fisher Associate Attorney General Laurie Robinson Assistant Attorney General Noël Brennan Deputy Assistant Attorney General Jeremy Travis Director, National Institute of Justice Office of Justice Programs National Institute of Justice World Wide Web Site World Wide Web Site http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/nij ABOUT THE LAW ENFORCEMENT AND CORRECTIONS STANDARDS AND TESTING PROGRAM The Law Enforcement and Corrections Standards and Testing Program is sponsored by the Office of Science and Technology of the National Institute of Justice (NIJ), U.S. Department of Justice. The program responds to the mandate of the Justice System Improvement Act of 1979, which created NIJ and directed it to encourage research and development to improve the criminal justice system and to disseminate the results to Federal, State, and local agencies. The Law Enforcement and Corrections Standards and Testing Program is an applied research effort that determines the technological needs of justice system agencies, sets minimum performance standards for specific devices, tests commercially available equipment against those standards, and disseminates the standards and the test results to criminal justice agencies nationally and internationally. The program operates through: The Law Enforcement and Corrections Technology Advisory Council (LECTAC) consisting of nationally recognized criminal justice practitioners from Federal, State, and local agencies, which assesses technological needs and sets priorities for research programs and items to be evaluated and tested. -
The Locomotive
PRESENTED BY \\r ftjv^vew C^^^^e. Sfe l0r0W0tfet PUBLISHED BY THE NEW SERIES. Vol. I. SECOND EDITION HARTFORD, CONN. 1880. 0t0m0ttM. PUBLISHED BY THE HARTFORD STEAM BOILER INSPECTION AND INSURANCE COM^AHY. New Series—Vol. I. HARTFORD, CONN., JANUARY, 1880. No. 1. Explosion of the "Lehigh." From the records of the coroner's court held in Hoboken, N. J., November, 1879, it appears that the Lehigh, which exploded in that city on the 28th of October, 1879, killing the engineer and fireman, was a passenger locomotive that had been remodeled in 1874. at which time the boiler was new. It had been in constant service, except while undergoing slight repairs, since May, 1874, on the Morris & Essex division of the D., L. & W. R. R. It was rebuilt under the direction of the master mechanic of the division, and was stayed in an extraordinary manner, having over fifty sling stays from the arch of the wagon top to the crown bars of the furnace, arranged in four rows, set as near radial to the arch as prac- ticable, Figs. 1 and 2. There were also hori- zontal cross stays from side to side of the shell between the crown bars, one to about every 5£ inches, and the crown bars were spaced the same distance apart, and consisted each of two broad parallel bars seated edgewise on the edge of the side plates of the furnaces and^ecured to the crown sheet by bolts, washers, and gibbs in the usual manner. See Fig. 1. The shell of 5 the boiler was made of T g iron plate, marked C. -
Vol. 31 No.1 March 2013
WEST MIDDLESEX FAMILY HISTORY SOCIETY JOURNAL _____________________ Vol. 31 No.1 March 2013 WEST MIDDLESEX FAMILY HISTORY SOCIETY Executive Committee Chairman Mrs. Pam Smith 23 Worple Road, Staines, Middlesex TW18 1EF [email protected] Secretary Richard Chapman Golden Manor, Darby Gardens Sunbury-on-Thames, Middlesex TW16 5JW [email protected] Treasurer Ms Muriel Sprott 1 Camellia Place, Whitton, Twickenham, Middlesex TW2 7HZ [email protected] Membership Mrs Betty Elliott Secretary 89 Constance Road, Whitton, Twickenham Middlesex TW2 7HX [email protected] Programme Mrs. Kay Dudman Co-ordinator 119 Coldershaw Road, Ealing, London W13 9DU Bookstall Manager Mrs. Margaret Cunnew 25 Selkirk Road, Twickenham, Middlesex TW2 6PS [email protected] Committee Members Claudette Durham, Dennis Marks, Joan Storkey Post Holders not on the Executive Committee Editor Mrs. Bridget Purr 8 Sandleford Lane, Greenham, Thatcham, Berks RG19 8XW [email protected] Projects Co-ordinator Brian Page 121 Shenley Avenue, Ruislip, Middlesex HA4 6BU Society Archivist Yvonne Masson Examiner Paul Kershaw Society Web site www.west-middlesex-fhs.org.uk Subscriptions All Categories: £12 per annum Subscription year 1 January to 31 December If you wish to contact any of the above people, please use the postal or email address shown. In all correspondence please mark your envelope WMFHS in the upper left-hand corner; if a reply is needed, a SAE must be enclosed. Members are asked to note that receipts are only sent by request, if return postage is included. Published by West Middlesex Family History Society Registered Charity No. -
Terrorism Knows No Borders
TERRORISM TERRORISM TERRORISM TERRORISM KNOWS KNOWS KNOWS KNOWS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS TERRORISM TERRORISM TERRORISM TERRORISM KNOWS KNOWS KNOWS KNOWS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS TERRORISM TERRORISM TERRORISM TERRORISM KNOWS KNOWS KNOWS KNOWS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS TERRORISM TERRORISM TERRORISM TERRORISM KNOWS KNOWS KNOWS KNOWS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS TERRORISM TERRORISM TERRORISM TERRORISM KNOWS KNOWS KNOWS KNOWS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS NO BORDERS October 2019 his is a special initiative for SEFF to be associated with, it is one part of a three part overall Project which includes; the production of a Book and DVD Twhich captures the testimonies and experiences of well over 20 innocent victims and survivors of terrorism from across Great Britain and The Republic of Ireland. The Project title; ‘Terrorism knows NO Borders’ aptly illustrates the broader point that we are seeking to make through our involvement in this work, namely that in the context of Northern Ireland terrorism and criminal violence was not curtailed to Northern Ireland alone but rather that individuals, families and communities experienced its’ impacts across the United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland and beyond these islands. This Memorial Quilt Project does not claim to represent the totality of lives lost across Great Britain and The Republic of Ireland but rather seeks to provide some understanding of the sacrifices paid by communities, families and individuals who have been victimised by ‘Republican’ or ‘Loyalist’ terrorism. SEFF’s ethos means that we are not purely concerned with victims/survivors who live within south Fermanagh or indeed the broader County. -
Cedar Breaks National Monument NRCA
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Cedar Breaks National Monument Natural Resource Condition Assessment Natural Resource Report NPS/NCPN/NRR—2018/1631 ON THIS PAGE Markagunt Penstemon. Photo Credit: NPS ON THE COVER Clouds over Red Rock. Photo Credit:© Rob Whitmore Cedar Breaks National Monument Natural Resource Condition Assessment Natural Resource Report NPS/NCPN/NRR—2018/1631 Author Name(s) Lisa Baril, Kimberly Struthers, and Patricia Valentine-Darby Utah State University Department of Environment and Society Logan, Utah Editing and Design Kimberly Struthers May 2018 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado, publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics. These reports are of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate comprehensive information and analysis about natural resources and related topics concerning lands managed by the National Park Service. The series supports the advancement of science, informed decision-making, and the achievement of the National Park Service mission. The series also provides a forum for presenting more lengthy results that may not be accepted by publications with page limitations. All manuscripts in the series receive the appropriate level of peer review to ensure that the information is scientifically credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and designed and published in a professional manner. -
Aquatic Ecomap Team to Develop the Framework, Process Comments, and Develop a Plan Forrevision.These Scientistsare
_i__¸_._. V_!_i Depa_"tment of e_a IC_ .-,4_:..._.A_..:,_,,_gricu 1t u_'e ServiceFo os Framewerku of Aquatim c North Centrai EC@J@g_CaJ U_itS _ N@_th Forest Experiment s [] Station A_er_ca {Nearct_c Z@_e_ General Technical Report NC-17'6 James R. Maxwell, Clayton J. Edwards, Mark E. Jensen, Steven J. Paustian, Harry Parrott, and Donley M. Hitl 8 • _ ...... "'::'":' i:. "S" " : ":','1 _ . / REG I0 NS':_; '"::;:s_:::."_--. .---..:-:!.!:::!:.::_:. ..... •. :.,.:,: .,. -,::.:, .......,.-,.-4S:ifi -.- i::ti/;:.:_: """.::""-:.: .... "':::.:.';.i" . :':" "':":": -. -._ . •....:...{: • . ...:" ZON • .- "." . .. • " . "'...:.:. • .....:....:....:_..-:..:):. -.-. ..... ,:.':::'.':: . .., .... '"_::.--..:.:i i ''_{:;ti}{i_:/.... sub " ,Lri_;gi, • Riverine GroundWater II II _ II I III II I II ],.r ', _ _r',_-- ACFA_OV_rLEDGI_NTS The authors wish to thank the many scientistswho commented on the draftsof thispaper during itspreparation. Their comments dramatically improved the qualiW of the product. These scientistsare listedin Appen- dix F. Specialthanks are offeredto 10 of these scientists,who met with the Aquatic Ecomap team to develop the framework, process comments, and develop a plan forrevision.These scientistsare: Patrick Bourgeron, The Nature Conservancy, Boulder, CO (geoclimatic) James Deacon, Universityof Nevada, Las Vegas, NV (zoogeography) Iris Goodman, Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, NV (ground water) Gordon Grant, Forest Service, Corvallis, OR [riverine) Richard Lillie, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Winona, WI (lacustrine) W.L. Minckley, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ (zoogeography) Kerry Overton, Forest Service, Boise, [D (riverine) Nick Schmal, Forest Service, Laramie, WY (riverine, lacustrine) Steven Walsh, Fish and Wildlife Service, Gainesville, FL (zoogeography) Mike Wireman, Environmental Protection Agency, Denver, CO (ground water) We wish to especially acknowledge the contributions of Mike Wireman and Iris Goodman of the Environmental Protection Agency.