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Revolutia De La 1848 in Oltenia

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Revolutia De La 1848 in Oltenia PAUL-EMANOIL BARBU REVOLUTTA DE LA 1848 .,\ IN OLTENIA Edifla a ll-a, rev5zuti gi adiugiti - -- --::ri qtiintifice la o larg5. pro- de interes . -. - -::ri CU PRI NS (revolugia de la de independengi, a avut in atentie TNTRODUCERE ........... ...................... 7 : r illl haiduciei , -. -. tost aceea I. OLTEN IA iru PENIONDA PREM ERGATOARE ' ' Craiova, REVOLUTTET DE LA 1 848.......... ......17 judecltoresc - -- ,-. \cademiei 1 . Sistemul politico-administrativ, ti militar....... .....19 ,'.:,tiei. Serie 2. Situalia demografic5 .............. .................31 ...:,-Plopsor" : -- ,,/ t'elor, 3. Situalia economicA gi socialS ......:.............................39 4. FrEmdntlri sociale, acliuni ideologice gi po1itice................,.... 108 : . .:iti )i de II. ADUNAREA INSURECTIONALA DE LA ISLAZ 5t MARSUL Et SPRE CnniOVn.. ....123 -: ::l-L1fa 5L III. EXTINDEREA REVOLUTIEIiN OLTENIA ,...175 - - . .-.llova, rv. REVOLUTTAiN OrrErrilnirurnr iruCrpuruL LUNil ruLrE t ::iuta 5r MULOCUL LUNil SEPTEMBRTE 1848 .........201 v. oLTENtA - BAZA ORGANIZARIT REZTSTENTET ARMATE - . : iitura A REVOLUTTETiN TARA ROMANEASCA. ,: -::0iltl1'' MENTTNEREA REGTMULUT REVOLUTTONAR.. .................257 ).lr4i11 5l vr. iNABUSTREA Sr URMARTLE REVoLUTTETiN oLTENTA. - :ttL/( REZISTENTA TARANIMII FATA DE RESTAURAREA - : -aLllln- REGIMULUI REGULAMENTAR. OCUPATIA STRAINA .,..,307 ;ditie, - -- irucrrrrRr ..................421 . : .1-:-ne O - :-.-l- rOr. CU SUMMARY ..................425 INDICE DE NUME ..,,...431 tNDtcE DE 1OCUR|................. ......455 ; Uilu-- r. oLTENTA iru prRroADA pREM rncAroARE REVOLUTIEI DE LA 1848 Revolugia de la 1 848 a fost precedati de revolulia din 182124, ambele incadrAndu-se intr-un amplu proces revolutionar caracteristic secolului al XIX-lea, nu numai Jirilor RomAne, ci si intregii Europe. Desi a fost reprimatS" prin intervenfa armatei otomane, revolutia condusl de Tudor Madimirescu a a\ut urmiri benefice pentru dezvoltarea ulterioard. a Princi- patelor RomAne, deoarece, printre altele, a pus capit domniilor fanariote, revenindu-se la domniile pimantene, Sin instalarea pe tronul lirii RomAne;ti a lui Grigorie Ghica 9i pe cel al Moldovei, a lui Ioan Sandu Stur&a25. Domnia lor n-a durat insi prea mult, fiindci. a fost intrerupti de izbucnirea rizboiului ruso-turc din 1828-1829, incheiat prin pacea de la Adrianopol (1829), care a dus la ocuparea Principatelor RomAne;i Ia tre- cerea lor sub administrafia autoritigilor militare gariste26. in anul 1834, odatl. cu retragerea administratiei ruse, domnia Jirii Romanqti a revenit lui Alexandru Ghica, iar ceaa Moldovei, Iui Mihail Stutdza. in timpul ocupatiei, autorititile ruse au initiat elaborarea a doui legi organice, cAte una pentru fiecare principat, cu un conginut similar, numite Regulamente organice, redactarea lor revenind cAte unei comisii alcituite din mari boieri, sub presedintia consulului general rus L. M. Minciaki. I Vezi despre aceasta: Mircea T. Radu, Tudor Vladimirescu pi reuolutia din lara Romi- treasca, Cratova, Editura Scrisul RomAnesc, 1978; Dan Berindei, Reuoluyia romina din 1821, Bucu.regti, Editura Academiei, 1991; G. D. Iscru, Reuoluyia romina din 1821 condusa de Tudor Vladimiresur, ed. a II-a revizuti. gi adiugiti, Bucuresti, Editura ,,Nicolae Balcescu",1996. 5 Despre aceste domnii yezi: Istoria romi)nilor, vol. VII, tom l, Constituirea Rominiei moderne (1821-1877), coordonator Acad. Dan Berindei, Bucuresti, Editura Enciclopedi- ci,2003, p. 55-76. :5 Yezi: Ibidem, p. 77 -98 \m ;.\' (1 arua%oa 2r1 2,t%uaa?lfi d '6g-€g 'd 'ruaplgl:rza,,r arirdn:o qns ra ra:erqdr: rS r:rnr8al ratsal? ?arrroqrla ardsrq - ?:: QS - I atfi1t1s!327'\iau7ruoY :d zfu awlua\u"l.od aPlauv 6r , t^/runq7 erc1 rct'erierlslunupr l5 lrgunpe ayr6arSqo Bunuop aJec rrJeu ut? aplruoA'[NV sz 'ruJrlelog elrurgru ug gcnryod zararnd ]EJtueruor " pJutuaru"p8ar ea8al 'greporoa 'auJatxe eleiald ad qyrzru-aprJaf, ep Ir?ru rcur ef, ul ef, urp rolaiulra) 1nl r Eridrlxe nJ '62(lnzaroH -xaluof, u1 aurdsgug lde8rlqo 'areralrdo:d al1f, rollrlrorrpul tarrurldapug ulo'.Fiallo'Bura3) ISEId BI IS?IEIJ royuerpi e araundns ap lualunJtsur cruratnd un Jollraloq ,p r( (EU"usrJ rS "ugru Inuolr9 ul tmlnsuof, B Elsef,e 'plutodutg 'mpurslPPna3 e eprSarul EerBJnrylul Psul J un rS (p1ocA rS pdug3 sndord e-15 nu 'aruJoJ elaqure ug 'crue8ro pruaurepSaA ?1sn6 'areolcatord )tr\ '(lndurg3 rS puopS ruamd rrf,urlod r r$ uruueroq IIJBTu JolasaJaru aserdxa puIIC 'mprusrptrdec piarlg r$ prlg 'lndurgJ eapc ad auVruog rolaredl:uu4 erinlo,ra ul rps un t?rJeru ? ?l ?IUJIJz 'I€8I rrTnr urP ^netlpf, { P^r}Er}sru eleod as 'f,rurouoJa Dedse gns 'rlinlot 'Far{8Jnq B3f 'elelerJos enou o nJrued rlE)r[EA rS,.uua,tag';a arerald ap pund ?f, Jtso nu ?JeluerrrEpSar ea8al rSaq '3I "tzJaplsuoo tr\ 'nl[ rl eiurpaSar n: 'ueuroro rnplod urpa6ar nc 'deueuog :r1g -ouoru BaJEJnIEIUI urrd 'mlniraluor ?aleuaql ep Iqasoapq 'lodouerrpy e1 :luE EpEorJed u1 l5 prnisou ap mlnlBl?rr alrrapa,rard 3P alrJaJo alafrrrierre ep Erf,Saueq E ep EalBlrTrgrsod lu r-rS Eruarlo 'Jeluaru royatrdlcuud tEaJf, ?-s rT 3la urJd 'lEzr[EJtuao uJaporu tels un-Jtul Jol EaJrun LinLLr rEru (elunru ap alal lrp8ard nE '?f,nuapl edtorde pLUroJ o-rlul al-npugzluz8ro 'rS rnpursrl ';e:aua8 u1 'rrnpyd rS r6pld -etdet reJello^zap l,Ztto^EJ E ap atrueu llinursul ap erJes o nf, E^oplolN ,,-E rEI ug grrirpdrul 'aiapnI rS gcseeuguroA rrej teJtsazur ne a:rur8ro eletuoru?F8ag 'p aunds lElflral eptor-rad u1 'zaq8rnq arrod as 'eturrrnf, atle nJ dn ap alerarrdord ul [EpneJ Inrueuop rettllul rs EruJoJsu"Jt e ep eiurpuar erelrJel, nf, terurJdxa z-s BJeluaru"ln8ar ter -rnr8a1 urr4 'lSeoplc rS rrtterrdord arrurp rollrnrrodzr r areluauralSeJ Enou -o)tlllod !nualsrs 'L o trlrqeN e r$ gieyr ad eluruop snpoJtul e 'a,uttlsr8al rJuunpe raun eeJrntetrp r:TELLTJU? ul IosBlsqo solJss rlllqets e 'roydcury eal?rlpual rrToqe E 'rollrnlluel rS roytamrlaql Ilrprq ndur as Eur?Jts erizururop -ryr{:a r gpuorier arida:uoc o ad 1-npugzr,g'te\)ueuu 1nruarrs leJnlf,nrlser ?:rEZrpaU'rnprusrptrdrr B 'touEUEJ purr8ar ap areiulgsap apuorieu rrrrlSo earriulgular lenlels E rl :JrEterfos EruEs InJPEI 'aleuolsuad l5 arezreps 'aJnunu ap aluilpuof, lrlrqets e 'rreuori:ury ap luau irs rnun EeJr.;zt1r.;eJ nnuad -eurrad droc rnun elezeq snd e 'rou eletle l?3r] e l5 acnqnd rrrrl.res el1r{la r:luE JJ?f '33l1r1od l5 acr3 teaueBtoat e eg ',,erintnsuor" pteJp^ap? o upi gnop alac nnued letuazatdat mrrp ne-s'r:rtuarurln8a.t ? ?reluaureln?et ea?al ' ,r(Z€gt arrunrrEr e I lI el) E^oplory ug rode I$ (I ES I ? TuJPUJIS? InSJeu nruori ,ilnl Etlt e) mseaugruog erej ul Iglul reru 'areo8rrr ul terlur ne arec pdnp iiiirerul ari:npord ap Jol 53lasry Ie^Bd Inpraua8 ap ateprzatd erzrlag ep Irpunpv roun lalin:srp :i:u1 prerot:alo:d 16 ueru asndns lsoJ n" 'grei ul purur^ag 'etslrci EatrtrJotne ap areqorde rso; ne r8al r ? \oplory r$ grseaugruog ilou ep elxel ?nop JIaf, 'BpJtueJ arsrurof, o Jp etelnruuep $oJ ne ec gdnq NBUVB IIONVIA]-INVd . 8L REVOLUTTA DE LA 1848 iN OLTENTA . 19 -:-: l.l*.1 rerte a1e noii Romineasci gi Moldova erau menlinute sub suzeranitatea Imperiului oto- : .-:-. au fost supuse man gi protectoratul Imperiului tarist. ir, ,cest. conditii, dezvoltarea forge- t--:,: * Par-el Kiseleff, lor de produqie intAmpina rezistenta structurilor feudale care obsffuc- -::--.---.:a (la 1/13 iulie Eionau mersul ascendent aI economiei Principatelor. De aceea, in perioada - --,. i-qulamentari a regulamentari, s-au derulat notabile acgiuni gi frimAntiri sociale, ideolo- :- - flareorganizar gice ;i politice, care anticipat Reuoluy'.a de la 1848 ca o necesitate vitali l:---: *:Jt COrP Perma- pentru realizarea unui stat unitar democratic, modern si independent, in i: :- J- si pensionare, cadrul ciruia societatea romAneasci si se poati dezvolta in voie pe calea : aa aji:rul fanariot, a capitalismului. Realizarea unirii gi eliberirii tuturor romA.nilor de sub :.::: - :.:ionala a echili- dominagia striini se impunea cu atat mai mult cu cAt aceasta devenise un serios obstacol in afirmarea poporului romAn ca entitate distincti.. .:=. -:.::iilor, a stabilit :.-. :: .',:: ii a srabilit o 1 . Sistem u I pol itico-ad mi n istrativ, j i : -- -::si. Prin legiui- udecltoresc --:.. -: :. a transforma ;i militar , lnte, Se - - =,:- -', Poate in perioada cercetati, ca 9i in cea pr'ecedenti., Tara RomAneasci era si -- .:. F.omaneasca impirgiti in judege, iar acestea, in unitS.ti administrative mai mici, numite .'lrarca capita- -:.-- --- pla;i gi plaiuri. in general, judegele de cAmpie inglobau mai multe plI;i, iar -:..,--1. l: au pregatit cele de munte, mai multe pligi gi plaiuri. in timpul regimului regula- : .- :-. ..-.i Principatelor mentar, Oltenia ;i-a menginut impirgirea administrativ-teritoriali cu- de ::: ::--:.: ffafatUlUi noscuti si in perioada anterioari, cuprinzAnd cele cinci judete de la vest de mono- t : :r-=:urarea Olt: Romanafl, cu regedinga la Caracal, Dolj, cu rqedinga la Craiova, Gorj, cu regedinga la Tg. Jiu, Mehedinti, cu resedinta la CerneEi, iar din 1841,la de plecare :=-= :. :-r.r Tr. Severin2s;i VAlcea, cu regedin;a la Rm. VAlcea. Dupi reforma admi- :::.: _ :-rrlTliCr Se poate - :: -- nistrativi din iulie 1831, Romanatii cuprindeau cinci plisi (Balta, Mijlocul, rt=-: : i,.::ane pe calea Cdmpul, Oltul ;i Oltegul), Doljul gase (Amaradia, Balta, Dumbrava, Jiul, puterii .:-:--, . :olticii Gilortul gi CAmpul), Mehedintii gase plfui (Baia, Blahniga, Dumbrava, <-: I :lJ Sl-a pTOPUS ---: Cimpul gi Ocolul) ;i un plai (Clo;ani), Gorjul patru pl59i (Amaradia, Jiul, l'. .--::i: : Constituit in Gilonul 9i Tismana) gi douf plaiuri VAlcanul gi Novaci) si VAlcea cinci
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