The Templar Lodge Hotel, Gullane, East Lothian
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The Templar Lodge Hotel, Gullane, East Lothian. April-May 2011 Carried out on behalf of Lorn MacNeal Architects BUILDINGS ARCHAEOLOGIST AND HERITAGE CONSULTANT TRAPRAIN HOUSE LUGGATE BURN WHITTINGEHAME EAST LOTHIAN EH41 4QA T : 01620 861643 E : [email protected] Table of Contents 1. SUMMARY 2 2. INTRODUCTION 4 2.1. Site location 4 2.2. Site History 4 3. OBJECTIVES 5 4. METHODOLOGY 6 5.0 RESULTS 11 5.1 Fieldwork 11 5.2 Building (Figs. 3-10) 11 5.3 Evaluation Trenches (Fig. 11) 23 5.3.1 Trench 1 23 5.3.2 Trench 2 23 5.3.3 Trench 3 24 5.3.4 Trench 4 25 5.3.5 Trench 5 26 5.4 Artefacts 27 6.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 28 APPENDIX 1 CONTEXT REGISTER 29 APPENDIX 2 PHOTO REGISTER 31 APPENDIX 3 ARTEFACT LIST 37 MAP REFERENCES 37 BIBLIOGRAPHY 37 ILLUSTRATIONS Page 1. Figure 1: Location plan. Page 3. Figure 2: Roy 1755, Forrest 1799 and 1853 Ordnance Survey map. Page 7. Figure 3: South facing elevation Page 8. Figure 4: North facing elevation Page 9. Figure 5: West facing elevation Page 10. Figure 6: East facing elevation Page 1. Figure 7: Ground Floor Plan Page 1. Figure 8: First Floor Plan Page 1. Figure 9: Second Floor Plan Page 1. Figure 10: Attic Plan Page 1. Figure 11: Trench plans Appendix 1: Context List Appendix 2: Photo List Appendix 3: Artefact List References DES entry Image Thumbnails Templar Lodge Hotel, Gullane, East Lothian N Gullane 10 km Application area 1 km Reproduced from the 1:25000 Explorer (2010) Ordnance Survey map with the permission of HMSO © Crown copyright Figure 1: Site Location Map Connolly Heritage Consultancy The Templar Lodge Hotel, Gullane 1. SUMMARY 1.1 An archaeological evaluation and buildings appraisal was required due to an archaeological condition being placed on the development at The ‘Templar Lodge’ Hotel Gullane, East Lothian. The site is located, within an historic village, and fronts onto the main road, with the south boundary delimited by the main street itself and the north boundary by the rear of the medieval tofts (see Figure 2). 1.2 The work consisted of visual, photographic and written description of the standing structures to investigate the potential impact of proposed works on the fabric, and an intrusive evaluation to the rear of the development area the southeast of the property boundary fronting the Main Street to a depth of +700mm to ensure no archaeologically significant deposits would be impacted. These works were commissioned by Mr Lorn MacNeal, Architects and work was undertaken on dates in April and May 2011, restricted to the area to be impacted by development works. 1.3 The work will enable the East Lothian Archaeological Officer to decide on the need for further work, or the removal of this particular condition 1.4 Further work is not advised based on the nature of the archaeological deposits uncovered. The fabric of the building that will be impacted by building work dates primarily to the late 1960s and 80s, and is of limited architectural value. The interior has been badly damaged and stripped of all moveable features except a series of early 20th century plasterwork friezes and alcoves (alcoves to be retained). No further action is recommended for the structure. 1.5 OASIS Entry Reference Number: connolly1-105700 Connolly Heritage Consultancy Page 2 Templar Lodge Hotel, Gullane, East Lothian Roy 1755 Forrest 1799 Ordnance Survey, First Edition 1853 Figure 2: Map regression 1755, 1799 & 1853 Connolly Heritage Consultancy The Templar Lodge Hotel, Gullane 2. INTRODUCTION 2.1. SITE LOCATION 2.1.1. The site is located to the north side of the main road of Gullane, the A198 in the middle of the village and forms part of the historic centre of the settlement, at NT 4815 8275 (Figure. 1). 2.2. SITE HISTORY 2.2.1. The house is located within this historic village of Gullane, which has its origin in the early medieval period. The ruins of the Old Church of St. Andrew built in the 13th century can still be seen at the western entrance to the village; the church was abandoned after a series of sandstorms in 1612. 2.2.2. In the 18th/19th century Gullane became a favourite site for horse racing and golf, with several Open Championships played on the Muirfield Course. The eighteen holes of Gullane No.1 Course were established in 1884 2.2.3. Map regression on the site was conducted; however, the level of detail is not sufficient to establish ground plan changes. It is clear however, that the development area does appear in the mid 18th century as evidenced from the map regression. (Figure 2). 2.2.4. According to the local historical society (Cocker, 2008 ) The building was origninally known as the Gullane Lodge, before becoming the Queen’s Hotel in 1928 and then finally the fancifully named Templar Lodge Hotel in the 1990s. 2.2.5. Cocker suggests that the first owner was one Lady Margaret Ross Gillespie, wife of Sir John Gillespie in the mid 18th century. In the 1851 census the property is owned by one Robert Riddell who passes it to his son, John, an advocate of law. By 1897 the lodge is owned by James Alexander Robertson (or Robson) before he sells to on Mrs Elizabeth Hope Laing in 1910. 2.2.6. 1928 sees the property bought by Robert Stevenson Crawford and renamed from Gullane Lodge to the Queens Hotel, which it remained until the 1990s when it gained the fictitious reputation as a Templar Castle and was renamed the Templar Lodge. 2.2.7. Within one of the guest leaflets recovered from the property, states “Originally a twelfth century fortified house. Templar Lodge retains a character all of its own. From ancient stonework in the dining room….” Examination of the property, showed the ancient stonework had indeed been inserted in the 1990s and based on the architectural details, historical background and the presence of nearby Saltcoates Castle, this property was definitely not a 12th century fortalice. Connolly Heritage Consultancy Page 4 The Templar Lodge Hotel, Gullane 2.2.8. The nearby Racecourse and horse training area from the 18th century, may give some clue to its origins and later expansion. With the rise of golf in the area, the attraction of the site becomes clear – and it is hardly surprising that it becomes a hotel in 1928, as the popularity of the game increases in the post (First) war period. 2.2.9. In 2003 under the supervision of AOC Archaeology, a watching Brief was undertaken in the area immediately to the east of the property during the construction of 3 house plots. A stonelined well and truncated furnace were recorded along the west side of the plot, suggesting further features will be uncovered within the grounds that immediately bound the Main street. However, no evidence was recovered that could provide a date for these two isolated features. (DES, 2003 p 56) 3. OBJECTIVES 3.1. To fully understand the evolution of the structure over time from construction to present day. Including a basic phasing and dating of the main constructional elements. 3.2. The basis for investigation is to examine the presence of any substantive remains in this early medieval village that may survive in backlots to the rear of the property, which may show the evolution of the frontage to its present form. 3.3. Backlot features were expected, and special consideration will be taken to check for the presence of pits, bread ovens, brewery pits and other negative features. Walls, drains, earlier land divisions etc will also be examined to confirm the presence or survival of these features. 3.4. The frontage of the property onto the Main Street was previously noted in excavations on an adjacent property as containing an undated phase of activity (Hunter Blair A. , Watching brief Main Street , Gullane- AOC Archaeology, July 2003.) These deposits lie beneath the intended surface landscaping, but to further investigate, characterise and protect any archaeological features for the future a trench will be located close to the 2003 excavation. 3.5. As no intrusive work has been carried out in this location before further, the relationships of the present standing structures will be examined as part of the investigation. Connolly Heritage Consultancy Page 5 The Templar Lodge Hotel, Gullane 4. METHODOLOGY 4.1 Five trenches were excavated using a mechanical digger fitted with a 1.70m flatbladed ditching bucket. All surfaces examined and were then hand cleaned prior to further excavation. Trenches were excavated until natural was reached, and a small sondage was excavated through the natural for a further 300mm to ensure this was not redeposition. The trenches were located to the rear of the property and in the southeast extreme, close to previous known archaeological deposits 4.2 Trenches were 10m in length and located to maximise the potential for recovering archaeological evidence of features or structure. 4.3 Each context was cleaned, levelled recorded and photographed using a 10 Mega-pixal digital camera, before further examination. 4.4 Elevations were photographed, and notes made on constructional details within the Main structure of the building, with details taken to best interpret the construction. 4.5 A list of images is presented in Appendix 2 and accompanied by a DVD of all photographs. 4.6 Artefacts were collected and are presented in appendix 3. Connolly Heritage Consultancy Page 6 Templar Lodge Hotel, Gullane, East Lothian WEST EAST 29 34 28 31 39 38 44 30 52 51 50 53 27 35 32 33 45 36 2121 22 23 24 25 26 Elevation Photograph 10m Figure 3: South facing elevation Connolly Heritage Consultancy Templar Lodge Hotel, Gullane, East Lothian EAST WEST 63 41 42 62 56 137 54 55 138 Elevation Photograph 10m Figure 4: North Facing Elevation Connolly Heritage Consultancy Templar Lodge Hotel, Gullane, East Lothian SOUTH NORTH 43 57 Elevation 139 Photograph 37 40 5m Figure 5: West facing elevation Connolly Heritage Consultancy Templar Lodge Hotel, Gullane, East Lothian NORTH SOUTH 14 12 13 11 15 Elevation 16 Photograph 09 10 5m Figure 6: East Facing Elevation Connolly Heritage Consultancy The Templar Lodge Hotel, Gullane 5.0 RESULTS 5.1 FIELDWORK 5.1.1 The work was undertaken over a series of days during April and May 2011, with fine weather and good visibility of soil changes during excavation.