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Pengembangan Usaha Produksi Jamur Tiram Kelompok Wanita Tani Berbasis Wilayah

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Pengembangan Usaha Produksi Jamur Tiram Kelompok Wanita Tani Berbasis Wilayah Volume 3, Nomor 1, November 2019. p-ISSN : 2614-5251 e-ISSN : 2614-526X PENGEMBANGAN USAHA PRODUKSI JAMUR TIRAM KELOMPOK WANITA TANI BERBASIS WILAYAH Hernawati1*, Aisah Jamili 2 , Didin Hadi Saputra3 1* Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Nahdlatul Wathan Mataram 2Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Nahdlatul Wathan Mataram 3Fakultas Ilmu Adminitrasi Universitas Nahdlatul Wathan Mataram Corresponding author : E-mail : [email protected] Diterima 8 September 2019, Disetujui 16 September 2019 ABSTRAK Usaha bersama jamur tiram yang dijalankan oleh Kelompok Wanita Tani “Karya Muda” di Desa Kebun Ayu Kecamatan Gerung Kabupaten Lombok Barat dengan tujuan membantu keuangan keluarga memiliki permasalahan, diantaranya terbatasnya jumlah produksi jamur, akses permodalan manajemen usaha, sumber daya manusia yang terbatas, belum mampu mengadministrasikan, mendokumentasikan hasil produksi jamur tiram melalui media pemasaran agar output mampu beredar di jaringan pasar yang lebih luas dan dikenal oleh masyarakat luas. Solusi yang ditawarkan memfasilitasi dalam proses produksi yaitu memberikan bantuan alat pres baglog, pelatihan pengolahan hasil produksi jamur, perluasan akses pasar, meningkatkan kemampuan manajerial, meningkatan pendapatan mitra, serta mendaftarkan merek dagang mitra. Hasil dalam program kemitraan masyarakat ini adalah memberikan bantuan alat pres baglog untuk meningkatkan produksi jamur, memberikan penyuluhan dan pelatihan pengolahan hasil yaitu pembuatan krispy, bakso dan nughet jamur, setelah pelatihan masyarakat mampu mengolah jamur menjadi produk olahan yang sehat dan produk olahan dari mitra bisa diikutsertakan dalam pameran yang diadakan di Kantor Bupati Lombok Barat. Kata kunci : Produksi, Manajemen, Pemasaran, Jamur Tiram ABSTRACT The joint venture of oyster mushrooms run by the "Karya Muda" Women's Farmer Group in Kebun Ayu Village, Gerung District, West Lombok Regency with the aim of helping family finances has problems, including the limited number of mushroom production, access to capital for business management, limited human resources, have not been able to administer, document the results of the production of oyster mushrooms through marketing media so that output is able to circulate in a wider market network and is known by the wider community. The solution offered facilitates the production process, which is to provide assistance with press baglog tools, training on mushroom production results, expanding market access, increasing managerial skills, increasing partner income, and registering partner trademarks. The results of this community partnership program are providing baglog press tools to increase mushroom production, providing counseling and results processing training, namely making krispy, meatballs and mushroom nughets, after training the community is able to process mushrooms into healthy processed products and processed products from partners can be included in the exhibition held at the West Lombok Regent's Office. Keywords : Production, Management, Marketing, Oyster Mushrooms. PENDAHULUAN Kegiatan usaha pertanian terutama Analisis situasi yang berbasis wilayah merupakan kegiatan Pembangunan sub sektor pertanian utama masyarakat tani. Kegiatan ini sebagai bahan interval pembangunan pertama merupakan penggerak ekonomi masyarakat mempunyai peranan cukup penting dalam pedesaan yang sebagian besar masyarakat upaya peningkatan pendapatan petani. Desa Kebun Ayu Kecamatan Gerung Tehnologi pertanian dalam dunia usaha tani merupakan masyarakat petani. merupakan suatu elemen strategi dan sekalius Desa Kebun Ayu memiliki peluang menjadi prasyarat dalam peningkatan yang baik untuk mengembangkan jamur tiram. ketahanan pangan dan pengembangan Prospek pengembangan usaha jamur tiram di system agribisnis pertanian di Indonesia. daerah ini cukup terbuka dilihat dari keadaan SELAPARANG. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Berkemajuan 124 Volume 3, Nomor 1, November 2019. p-ISSN : 2614-5251 e-ISSN : 2614-526X lingkungan yang cocok untuk syarat tumbuh terkait dan bisa memperoleh bantuan alat pertumbuhan jamur, selain itu ketersedian dalam melaksanakan usaha tersebut. limbah pertanian sebagai bahan baku untuk Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh terlaksananya inovasi teknik budidaya jamur Mitra adalah jumlah produksi karna dalam ini tersedia sepanjang waktu. Hal ini menjadi pengisian baglog dengan cara manual potensi utama untuk pelaksanaan kegiatan ini. sehingga membutuhkan waktu dan tenaga Produksi jamur tiram di desa kebun yang cukup banyak, permasalahan lain yang ayu kecamatan gerung sangat berpotensi dihadapi juga adalah mitra belum mampu untuk dikembangkan dan mampu memiliki mengolah hasil produksi jamur pada saat nilai ekonomi yang sangat tinggi karna jamur jumlah produksi yang dipasarkan tidak terjual tiram bisa diolah menjadi beberapa produk semuanya selain itu juga permasalahan yang tidak hanya bisa dikonsumsi langsung dalam dihadapi oleh mitra adalah belum mampu bentuk jamur akan tetapi bisa diproduksi manajemen usaha jamur secara maksimal dan dalam bentuk makanan ringan yang sehat dan belum mampu memasarkan produk jamur digemari dari berbagai kalangan, selain dalam secara luas yang selama ini pemasarannya bentuk makanan ringan (snack) bisa juga hanya dilakukan di pasar tradisional lokasi diproduksi menjadi bakso jamur, krispy dan mitra. lain lain yang memiliki daya tahan lebih lama dan memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi. Solusi yang ditawarkan Adapun peserta program kegiatan ini Solusi yang ditawarkan dengan adanya terdiri dari satu mitra. Dimana mitra tersebut kegiatan PKM ini adalah sebagai berikut: adalah masyarakat yang terlibat dalam 1. Kapasitas produksi jamur Kelompok Wanita Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT) Desa Kebun Tani (KWT) Karya Muda dapat meningkat, Ayu Kecamatan Gerung Kabupaten Lombok dengan cara meningkatkan dan mengelola Barat. Kelompok Wanita Tani ini adalah ibu ibu manajemen usaha lebih baik lagi rumah tangga yang memproduksi jamur tiram 2. Meningkatkan perluasan pasar usaha yang belum memiliki kemampuan maksimal produksi jamur KWT Mitra dengan cara : dalam meningkatkan manajemen usaha, a. Membuat mutu produk dengan keterampilan dalam menghasilkan produk membentuk system quality control baru, mengelola keuangan pada usahatani terhadap produksi jamur sapu dengan jamur, meningkatkan hasil produksi yang cara menugaskan satu orang pengurus sesuai dengan permintaan pasar baik ditingkat kelompok sebagai pengawas lokal maupun nasional, meningkatkan promosi (supervisor) terhadap kualitas produksi dan perluasan wilayah pemasaran hasil jamur, jamur, sekaligus terampil dalam belum mampu berusaha untuk senantiasa pemeliharaan (maintenance) sarana menjaga kontinuitas hasil produksi peralatan memproduksi jamur. Kelompok Wanita Tani ini khusus ibu- b. Mendaftarkan merk dagang UKM Mitra ibu rumah tangga yang terlibat didalamnya, ke dinas berwenang guna meningkatkan selama ini ibu-ibu di desa kebun ayu sudah kepercayaan (brand image) produk banyak yang diberdayakan dan sudah UKM Mitra di masyarakat dan bergabung dalam KWT akan tetapi tujuan meningkatkan nilai jualnya. utama dari mitra ini masih pada tujuan utama 3. Meningkatkan pengolahan jamur tiram yaitu peningkatan penghasilan keluarga atau dengan menggunakan tehnologi tepat sebagai pemenuhan kebutuhan keluarga saja. guna. 4. Meningkatkan kemampuan manajerial Permasalahan Mitra dengan pendampingan manajemen usaha Kegiatan pertanian terutama yang 5. Meningkatkan pendapatan UMKM dengan berbasis tradisional di pedesaan merupakan naiknya volume produksi karena kegiatan utama masyarakat tani. Kegiatan ini menggunakan teknologi informasi dan merupakan salah satu penggerak ekonomi teknologi tepat guna (TTG). masyarakat pedesaan yang sebagian besar masyarakat Kebun Ayu Kecamatan Gerung METODE PELAKSANAAN merupakan masyarakat petani. Metode pelaksanaan dalam kegiatan ini dapat Sehubungan dengan pemberdayaan diartikan sebagai cara atau teknik petani dari pemerintah dengan pemanfaatan penyampaian materi pelatihan berbasis tehnologi tepat guna yang khususnya Alat wilayah oleh para pakar kepada mitra baik Pengolahan Pertanian dan Pengolahan Hasil secara langsung maupun tidak langsung, agar Pertanian sehingga Kelompok Wanita Tani mereka tahu, mau dan mampu menerapkan Mitra mengharapkan pembinaan oleh instansi inovasi (teknologi baru). SELAPARANG. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Berkemajuan 125 Volume 3, Nomor 1, November 2019. p-ISSN : 2614-5251 e-ISSN : 2614-526X Metode pelaksanaa PKM yang ditawarkan tim HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN pengusul pada mitra Kelompok Wanita Tani Kegiatan Pra PKM “Karya Muda” meliputi tahapan-tahapan yang Pada tahap ini, tim yang telah dinyatakan lolos dilakukan secara sistematis dan dalam pendanaan PKM (Program Kemitraan berkesinambungan sebagai berikut : Masyarakat) dari Direktorat Riset dan a. Mengadakan koordinasi tentang Pengabdian Masyarakat (DRPM) Kementerian keberadaan kelompok mitra, serta Riset Teknologi dan Pendidikan Tinggi melakukan pembinaan dan pengarahan (Kemenristek Dikti) secara terjadwal manajemen produksi atau supply chain mengunjungi lokasi desa mitra untuk management melalui sosialisasi program menjelaskan serta melakukan koordinasi untuk kemitraan berbasis wilayah pemasaran persiapan kegiatan pengabdian dalam b. Mempersiapkan dan melakukan koordinasi pelaksanaan program. Pada tahap ini tim PKM antara team dan mitra berkaitan dengan dari Universitas Nahdlatul Wathan Mataram kegiatan yang akan dilakukan melalui memberikan penjelasan tentang rencana penyusunan jadwal kegiatan, penentuan pelaksanaan program, seperti penyuluhan tempat, media yang
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