DOCSLIB.ORG

Anàlisi De La Informació Sobre Els Conflictes De L'àfrica Subsahariana A

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Anàlisi De La Informació Sobre Els Conflictes De L'àfrica Subsahariana A Anàlisi de la informació sobre els conflictes de l’Àfrica subsahariana a la premsa espanyola (1992-1998). Estudi de tres casos significatius: Somàlia, Rwanda i República Democràtica del Congo Tesi de doctorat d’Antoni Castel Director: Xavier Giró Departament de Periodisme i Ciències de la Comunicació Facultat de Ciències de la Comunicació Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona, gener de 2007 ÍNDEX 0. Introducció ......................1 1. Teoria de conflictes 1. 1. Introducció .....................10 1. 2. Pau, violència, conflicte i guerra .....................10 1. 3. Noves guerres, velles guerres i estats febles ......... 18 1. 4. Actors .....................20 1. 5. Categories de conflictes armats .....................21 1. 6. Guerres africanes .....................24 2. La construcció a Occident de la imatge sobre l’Àfrica 2. 1. Introducció ......................27 2. 2. Viatgers en una societat sense història ............29 2. 3. L’Altre al continent obscur ......................35 2. 4. Periodística sobre l’Àfrica ......................38 2. 5. Conclusions ......................40 3. Anàlisi crítica del discurs i periodisme sobre l’Àfrica 3. 1. Introducció .......................41 3. 2. Anàlisi crítica del discurs .......................41 3. 3. El conflicte armat i l’agenda temàtica .............47 3. 4. La premsa i l’Àfrica .......................49 4. Metodologia 4. 1. Introducció .......................55 4. 2. Objecte de l’estudi .......................55 4. 3. Objectius .......................59 4. 4. Hipòtesis .......................62 4. 5. Corpus .......................63 4. 6. Procediments i instruments de l’anàlisi .............65 5. Estudi de cas: Somàlia 5. 1. Descripció del conflicte 5. 1. 1. Societat i cultura .........................73 5. 1. 2. Història colonial: ocupacions britànica, italiana i francesa ...............75 5. 1. 3. Resistència a la ocupació .........................77 5. 1. 4. Polítiques colonials .........................79 5. 1. 5. Emergència del nacionalisme somalí ........... 81 5. 1. 6. Independència ............... 85 5. 1. 7. Revolució de 1969 i presidència de Barre .... 86 5. 1. 8. Guerra civil i intervenció de les Nacions Unides i els Estats Units ...................93 5. 1. 9. Síntesi del conflicte ................99 5. 2. Justificació de la mostra 5. 1. 1. Introducció ..............102 5. 1. 2. La mostra ..............102 5. 3. Resultats 5. 3. 1. En relació a la hipòtesi 1 ..............104 5. 3. 2. En relació a la hipòtesi 2 ..............111 5. 3. 3. En relació a la hipòtesi 3 ..............114 5. 3. 4. En relació a la hipòtesi 4 ..............117 5. 3. 5. En relació a la hipòtesi 5 ..............121 5. 3. 6. En relació a la hipòtesi 6 ..............130 5. 3. 7. En relació a la hipòtesi 7 ..............134 5. 4. Conclusions 5. 4. 1. En relació a la hipòtesi 1 ..............137 5. 4. 2. En relació a la hipòtesi 2 ..............138 5. 4. 3. En relació a la hipòtesi 3 ..............140 5. 4. 4. En relació a la hipòtesi 4 ..............140 5. 4. 5. En relació a la hipòtesi 5 ..............141 5. 4. 6. En relació a la hipòtesi 6 ..............143 5. 4. 7. En relació a la hipòtesi 7 ..............145 6. Estudi de cas: Rwanda 6. 1. Descripció del conflicte 6. 1. 1. Societat i cultura ...............147 6. 1. 2. Història colonial: ocupació alemanya .....154 6. 1. 3. Història colonial: administració belga .....155 6. 1. 4. Independència. Govern de Kayibanda (1961-1973) .....159 6. 1. 5. Govern de Habyarimana (1973-1994) .....161 6. 1. 6. Atemptat contra Habyarimana .....166 6. 1. 7. Síntesi del conflicte ...............169 6. 2. Justificació de la mostra 6. 2. 1. Introducció ...............174 6. 2. 2. La mostra ...............174 6. 3. Resultats 6. 3. 1. En relació a la hipòtesi 1 ...............176 6. 3. 2. En relació a la hipòtesi 2 ...............181 6. 3. 3. En relació a la hipòtesi 3 ...............183 6. 3. 4. En relació a la hipòtesi 4 ...............188 6. 3. 5. En relació a la hipòtesi 5 ...............193 6. 3. 6. En relació a la hipòtesi 6 ...............198 6. 3. 7. En relació a la hipòtesi 7 ...............201 6. 4. Conclusions 6. 4. 1. En relació a la hipòtesi 1 ...............204 6. 4. 2. En relació a la hipòtesi 2 ...............205 6. 4. 3. En relació a la hipòtesi 3 ...............206 6. 4. 4. En relació a la hipòtesi 4 ...............207 6. 4. 5. En relació a la hipòtesi 5 ...............208 6. 4. 6. En relació a la hipòtesi 6 ...............210 6. 4. 7. En relació a la hipòtesi 7 ...............211 7. Estudi de cas: Congo 7. 1. Descripció del conflicte 7. 1. 1. Societat i cultura ...............213 7. 1. 2. H. colonial: la conquesta pel rei Leopold ......214 7. 1. 3. Política colonial i resistències ...............217 7. 1. 4. Emergència del nacionalisme ...............223 7. 1. 5. Congo independent: guerra civil ...............227 7. 1. 6. El règim de Mobutu Sese Seko ...............230 7. 1. 7. Insurgència de Laurent Kabila ...............235 7. 1. 8. La segona guerra ...............237 7. 1. 9. Síntesi del conflicte ...............238 7. 2. Justificació de la mostra 7. 2. 1. Introducció ...............245 7. 2. 2. La mostra ...............245 6. 3. Resultats 6. 3. 1. En relació a la hipòtesi 1 ...............247 6. 3. 2. En relació a la hipòtesi 2 ...............251 6. 3. 3. En relació a la hipòtesi 3 ...............256 6. 3. 4. En relació a la hipòtesi 4 ...............261 6. 3. 5. En relació a la hipòtesi 5 ...............264 6. 3. 6. En relació a la hipòtesi 6 ...............265 6. 3. 7. En relació a la hipòtesi 7 ...............267 6. 4. Conclusions 6. 4. 1. En relació a la hipòtesi 1 ...............270 6. 4. 2. En relació a la hipòtesi 2 ...............271 6. 4. 3. En relació a la hipòtesi 3 ...............272 6. 4. 4. En relació a la hipòtesi 4 ...............275 6. 4. 5. En relació a la hipòtesi 5 ...............277 6. 4. 6. En relació a la hipòtesi 6 ...............277 6. 4. 7. En relació a la hipòtesi 7 ...............278 8. Conclusions 8. 1. Conclusions sobre les hipòtesis 8. 1. 1. En relació a la hipòtesi 1 ...............280 8. 3. 2. En relació a la hipòtesi 2 ...............282 6. 3. 3. En relació a la hipòtesi 3 ...............284 6. 3. 4. En relació a la hipòtesi 4 ...............287 6. 3. 5. En relació a la hipòtesi 5 ...............289 6. 3. 6. En relació a la hipòtesi 6 ...............291 6. 3. 7. En relació a la hipòtesi 7 ...............293 8. 2. Les hipòtesis: quadre comparatiu ...............294 8. 3. Conclusions sobre els objectius ...............295 8. 4. Conclusions finals ...............306 8. 5. Reflexions i línees d’investigació ...............308 Bibliografia .........................311 0. INTRODUCCIÓ Es diu sovint que l’Àfrica és el continent maleït. És una afirmació que, a força de sentir-la, s’ha desnaturalitzat, i és converteix en un fàcil recurs per sentenciar sobre el seu calamitós estat. Quantes conferències i articles no comencen amb el corresponent “l’Àfrica és un continent maleït”, potser per donar una explicació sobrenatural o no racional a les conseqüències d’uns fets que són racionals, perquè són produïts per l’activitat de l’home. La tracta negrera, la colonització, la sida, la violència, el despotisme, la misèria, l’endarreriment tecnològic, no són obra del ésser humà? Un home que sovint pot ser occidental, perquè Occident ha mantingut i manté les mans sobre l’Àfrica, o africà, responsable també del desgavell. Però el mateix home africà, i la dona òbviament, aporta solucions als seus problemes, com s’ha vist en nombrosos conflictes (Sud-àfrica, per exemple), s’organitza socialment, compon poemes, toca música, escriu obres de ficció, transmet la seva cosmovisió, i pensa. L’ésser humà de l’Àfrica no és distingeix gaire de l’ésser humà d’Àsia, d’Europa o d’Amèrica: s’enfronten a reptes quotidians que resolen amb més o menys fortuna i mostren una capacitat creativa. Potser l’home africà es troba en un entorn més advers, fruit de la colonització i de la marginalitat del continent, però res pot fer pensar que li agradi la violència, i que estigui posseït per un gen que el fa ser corrupte, venjatiu, gregari o indolent. Si l’home i la dona africans no són, per naturalesa, ni violents ni indolents, perquè l’Àfrica és presentada com violenta i passiva? Sense dubte perquè els estereotips sobre el continent, en part construïts per la literatura colonial, romanen fins avui en dia, com es demostra en el capítol corresponent. I el fet que les informacions sobre l’Àfrica siguin quasi sempre negatives consolida aquesta visió del continent, com posa de manifest l’estudi de Solc1. La present recerca pretén aportar dades i conclusions a la discussió, que segueix oberta, sobre el tractament informatiu de l’Àfrica per part dels mitjans de comunicació espanyols, i contribuir a pal·liar en part el dèficit d’estudis acadèmics dedicats a aquesta qüestió. A més de l’esmentat llibre editat per Solc, que compren altres regions 1 Giró, Xavier (coord) (1999). La premsa i el sud: informació, reptes i esquerdes. Barcelona: Solc. 5 polítiques, tan sols s’han fet una tesi doctoral, de José Carlos Sendín2, sobre les informacions de Televisió Espanyola (TVE) del genocidi de Rwanda, una investigació encomanada pel Consell Audiovisual de Catalunya (CAC), en què s’analitzen els fets de la tanca de Melilla en els telenotícies de les principals cadenes espanyoles3, i un estudi sobre la imatge del Sud a les televisions de Catalunya4. A l’igual que en els indicadors socials i econòmics, l’Àfrica apareix a la cua en el hipotètic llistat d’estudis acadèmics, tant de ciències humanes com socials. Una dada que es pot explicar per la manca de tradició colonial i el desinterès, fins fa ben poc, de l’acadèmia pel continent. La recerca per es presenta dins el programa de doctorat del departament de Periodisme i Ciències de la Comunicació estudia el tractament informatiu de tres conflictes africans (Somàlia, Rwanda, Congo) per part dels quatre diaris més venuts (El País, El Mundo, ABC, La Vanguardia).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Decentralization and Service Delivery in Somaliland A
    DECENTRALIZATION AND SERVICE DELIVERY IN SOMALILAND A Thesis Presented to the School of Postgraduate Studies and Research of Kampala International University Kampala, Uganda In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in Public Administration and Management By: Ahmed Abdillahi Dualeh M PA/40296/9 1/DF August, 2011 DECLARATION A “This thesis is my origina’ work and has never been presented for a Degree or any other academic award in any University or Institution of Learning”. u2A~ ~tQL Name and Signature of Candidate Date DECLARATION B TTJ confirm that the work reported in this thesis was carried out by the candidate under my supervision”. Ben’amin Bella Oluka PHD Candidate Name and Signature of Supervisor ~ Date APPROVAL SHEET This thesis entitled Decentralization and service delivery in Somaliland, prepared and submitted by Ahmed Abdillahi Dualeh in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Public Administration and Management has been examined and approved by the panel on oral examination with a grade of: PASSED Dr ~ i2~~ ~ Name and Sig. of Chairman ~ _________ Name and Sig. of Supervisor Name and Sig. of Panelist ‘ ç~~3—i- M—1 ~ Name and Sig. of Panelist Name and Sig. of Panelist Date of Comprehensive Examination: Grade: Name and Sig. of Director, SPGSR Name and Sig. of DVC, SPGS DEDICATION I dedicated this thesis to my old brother Abdirahman Abdillahi Dualeh, My wonderful parents, mum Milgo Daud Egal and Dad Abdillahi Dualeh Ajab and my beloved wife Hamda Mohmed Hussein. 1~ ACKNOWLEDGMENT Foremost, I am grateful to Allah for seeing me through my years of university education.
    [Show full text]
  • Electronic Communication and an Oral Culture: the Dynamics of Somali Websites and Mailing Lists
    ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION AND AN ORAL CULTURE: THE DYNAMICS OF SOMALI WEBSITES AND MAILING LISTS BY ABDISALAM M. ISSA-SALWE A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF THAMES VALLEY UNIVERSITY FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY CENTRE FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND TECHNOLOGY THAMES VALLEY UNIVERSITY SUPERVISORS: DR. ANTHONY OLDEN, THAMES VALLEY UNIVERSITY EMERITUS PROFESSOR I M LEWIS, LSE, UNIVERSITY OF LONDON EXAMINERS: PROFESSOR CHRISTINE MCCOURT, THAMES VALLEY UNIVERSITY DR. MARTIN ORWIN, SOAS, UNIVERSITY OF LONDON NOVEMBER 2006 TO MY WIFE HAWO, MY CHILDREN MOHAMED-NASIR, MOHAMUD, ALI, HAFSA-YALAH, HAMDA, SHARMARKE AND YUSUF-HANAD ACKNOWLEDGMENT Foremost, I would like to thank to the Council for Assisting Refugee Academics (CARA) who helped in funding my studies. I would like to thank my thesis advisors, Dr. Tony Olden (Thames Valley University) and Emeritus Professor I M Lewis (London School of Economics) for their continuous encouragement, optimism and confidence in me to make it possible to write this dissertation. Both Dr. Olden and Emeritus Professor Lewis put an enormous amount of time and effort into supervision. Likewise, this study has been enhanced through the incisive comments of Dr Stephen Roberts (Thames Valley University). I also appreciate the advice of Dr Mohamed D. Afrax and Abdullahi Salah Osman who read and commented on the manuscript of this dissertation. I am also thankful to Ahmed Mohamud H Jama (Nero) who allowed me to have useful material relevant to my research; Dr. Ebyan Salah who solicited female correspondents to reply to the research questionnaires. I am also grateful to Said Mohamed Ali (Korsiyagaab) and Ismail Said Aw-Muse (PuntlandState.com) who gave me permission to use their websites statistics.
    [Show full text]
  • Tahir, Abdifatah I.Pdf
    A University of Sussex PhD thesis Available online via Sussex Research Online: http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/ This thesis is protected by copyright which belongs to the author. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the Author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the Author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Please visit Sussex Research Online for more information and further details URBAN GOVERNANCE, LAND CONFLICTS AND SEGREGATION IN HARGEISA, SOMALILAND: HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES AND CONTEMPORARY DYNAMICS ABDIFATAH I TAHIR This thesis is submitted to the Department of Geography, School of Global Studies, University of Sussex, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) OCTOBER 1, 2016 DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY SCHOOL OF GLOBAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX 1 | Page ORIGINALITY STATEMENT I hereby declare that this thesis has not been and will not be submitted in whole or in part to another University for the award of any other degree. Signature 2 | Page I. ABSTRACT This thesis offers an explanation for why urban settlement in Somaliland’s capital city of Hargeisa is segregated along clan lines. The topic of urban segregation has been neglected in both classic Somali studies, and recent studies of post-war state-building and governance in Somaliland. Such negligence of urban governance in debates over state-making stems from a predominant focus on national and regional levels, which overlooks the institutions governing cities.
    [Show full text]
  • Diaspora Et Terrorisme
    Marc-An toi ne Pérous de M ntclos r Diaspora et terrorisme PRE SS ES DE SC IENC ES PO Diaspora et terrorisme Du même auteur Le Nigeria, Paris, Karthala, coll. « Méridiens », 1994, 323 p. Violence et sécurité urbaines en Afrique du Sud et au Nigeria, un essai de privatisation: Durban,johannesburg, Kano, Lagoset Port-Harcourt, Paris, L'Harmattan, coll. « Logiques politiques », 1997, 2 vol., 303 p. et 479 p. L'aide humanitaire, aide à la guerre?, Bruxelles, Complexe, 2001, 208 p. Villes et violences en Afrique subsabarienne, Paris, Karthala-IRD, 2002, 311 p. Marc-Antoine Pérouse de Montclos Diaspora et terrorisme PRESSES DE SCIENCES PO Caralogage Électre-Bibliographie (avec le concours des Services de documentation de la FNSP) Pérouse de Monrclos, Marc-Antoine Diaspora er terrorisme. - Paris: Pressesde SciencesPo, 2003. - (Collection académique) ISBN 2-7246-0897-6 RAMEAU: réfugiés somaliens envois de fonds: Somalie Somalie: politique er gouvernement: 1960-... DEWEY: 325 : Migrations internationales et colonisation 320.7 : Sciencepolitique (politique er gouvernemenr). Conjoncture et condirions politiques 670 : Somalie Public concerné: Public motivé La loi de 1957 sur la propriété intellectuelle interdit expressément la photocopie à usage collectif sans autorisation des ayants droit (seule la phorocopie à usage privé du copiste est aurorisée). Nous rappelons donc que toute reproduction, partielle ou totale, du présent ouvrage esr interdite sans autorisarion de I'édireur ou du Centre français d'exploirarion du droit de copie (CFC, 3, rue Hautefeuille, 75006 Paris). Cauoertur«: Emmanuel Le Ngoc © 2003. PRESSESDE LA FONDATION NATIONALE DES SCIENCES POLITIQUES Table des matières AVANT-PROPOS Il INTRODUCTION 13 CHAPITRE 1. Somalie année zéro: les raisons d'une destruc- tion 21 La théorie du complot 22 L'explication par la tradition plutôt que par l'histoire 27 La dictature au centre des accusations 39 Sur les décombres de l'État 42 CHAPITRE 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Men, Matters and Memories 1960
    Men, Matters and Memories By M.A. Lokman – Advocate Editor – in – chief Supervision, Edition, Compilation and Introduction by: Professor Ahmed Ali AlHamdani Foreword Knowledge is the only path to salvation, abundant education is the strongest basis for the equality of nations, their appreciation for each other Muhammad Ali Luqman I thought of writing an introduction to my father’s book which is the only one of his writings published in English so far. The book, ‘Men, Matters and Memories’ is a collection of memories that father used to publish each week in his English newspaper, ‘The Aden Chronicle’; they date from 1960, 1961, 1962. Other articles in the series sadly have either been lost or are in too poor a condition, ancient, and fragile to be retyped ready for publication. My father used the spelling of his name as Lokman in all his English writings. It was almost 40 years after my father’s passing when, the project of collecting, archiving, and publishing his papers, books, photographs, speeches, and radio recordings, was initiated by my brother Maher Muhammed Ali Luqman. He had managed to rescue a large amount of the material already but through publicity and reward he collected other works that had been lost. This initial stage took a lot of time, money, and effort but once completed Maher approached Dr Ahmed Ali Alhamadani and invited him to take on the next stage of researching the material and preparing it for printing and publication. This was also a time consuming, costly, and dedicated effort which has meant that father’s works are now available to anyone who wishes to access his legacy.
    [Show full text]
  • Consolidation and Decentralization of Government Institutions
    DRAFT Decentralization of Government Institutions 1 DRAFT ONLY Consolidation and Decentralization of Government Institutions Academy for Peace and Development Hargeysa, Somaliland July 2002 DRAFT Decentralization of Government Institutions 2 Principal Researcher: Cabdirahman Jimcaale Working Group Members: Aamina Maxamuud Warsame Cabdillaahi Ibraahim Habane Cabdillaahi Sheekh Hassan Muuse Jaamac Maxamad Aadan Muuse Jibril Maxamad Baaruud Cali Kinsi Xuseen Qoqdhan Saciid Cabdillaahi Yasir Cali Xaaji Cabdi Ducaale Xuseen Xaaji Cabdi Camir Jibril Cali Salaad Axmad Cabdillaahi Nadiif Maxamad Jaamac Colow Maxamed Cabdi Dhinbil (Deceased) Axmad Askar (Deceased) DRAFT Decentralization of Government Institutions 3 Table of Contents 1 Introduction....................................................................................................................5 2 Governance in the Modern History of Somaliland....................................................8 Pre-Colonial Somali Society..........................................................................................8 The Colonial Administration and Indirect Rule............................................................8 Resistance to Colonial Rule..........................................................................................9 The Nationalist Struggle for Independence 1940 -1960 .............................................. 10 Independence and Union, 1960-1969 ......................................................................... 11 The Military Regime..................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • BEING HERE Emplacement and Displacement in the Life Stories of Two Somali- Australians
    BEING HERE Emplacement and Displacement in the Life Stories of two Somali- Australians by Annika Lems This thesis is presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Swinburne Institute for Social Research, Faculty of Life and Social Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology 2013. ii Abstract Our age is often described in terms of movement, instability and uncertainty, leading to the sense of homelessness or uprootedness that John Berger once described to be the “quintessential experience” of our time. Struck by this fluidity, many Western intellectuals came to long for a means of replacing the rigid and suffocating narrowness of national belonging with the lightness and ease of the vagabond, the nomad, the traveller, who, owning nothing but her own life, slips in and out of different worlds. Displacement came to be seen as paradigmatic of a time of deterritorialisation and refugees came to be the symbolic figures of this age of movement and fluctuation, challenging established notions of a “national order of things” (Malkki 1995b), of a world that can be neatly mapped and of cultures that are deeply rooted in places that belong to them. But these sentiments often left unanswered the question of how being-at-home or being- without-home is actually lived. Do important existential categories such as home, territoriality and belonging cease to exist in the face of displacement? How do people shape and re-shape them? How is displacement made sense of in everyday life and in relation to a wider place-world? Using these questions as a starting point, this thesis focuses on the life stories of Halima and Omar, two Somalis in their mid-fifties living in Melbourne, and discusses the interrelated meanings of emplacement and displacement.
    [Show full text]
  • ISLAH MOVEMENT in SOMALIA Revised Edited[1]
    THE ISLAH MOVEMENT: Islamic Moderation in War-torn Somalia By: Abdurahman M. Abdullahi (Baadiyow)1 Mogadishu Somalia October, 2008 1 The author occupied higher offices in the Islah Movement. His responsibilities include international relations, peace promotion, conflict resolution and political activism. He is also the Chairman of the Board of Trustees, Mogadishu University. 2 THE ISLAH MOVEMENT: Islamic Moderation in War-torn Somalia Abdurahman Abdullahi (Baadiyow) “I desire naught save reform so far as I am able”. holly Qur’an (11:88) “Islah is a peaceful Islamic Movement in Somalia that adheres to the principles and methodology of the Islamic moderation. It is a success story worth telling in the war-torn Somalia. It demonstrates the alternative way in approaching Somali puzzle beyond clan cleavages and religious intolerance.” Dr. Ali Sheikh Ahmed, former chairman of Islah Introduction: The growth of Islamic movements has been attracting greater interest over the last three decades, in particular after the 9/11 attack on US targets and the subsequent declaration of the Global War on Terrorism. Many factors have contributed to this growth; one of the major causes has been the failure of the post-colonial states in many Muslim countries and the attractiveness of the oppositional Islamic approach as an alternative. These movements took various courses to realize their agendas and formulated different methodologies and strategies because of the diverse conditions and environment in which they have grown and are operating2. For instance, some movements in dictatorial regimes or in Muslim communities under foreign occupation or those living as a 2 Most Muslim countries are ruled by dictatorial regimes that violate human rights, creating conducive environment for the growth of violent organizations in reaction to the repressive state apparatus.
    [Show full text]
  • Hydrogeological Survey and Assessment of Selected Areas in Somaliland and Puntland on in Elds in fi Ons, UN On-Building Eld fi Centres
    Hydrogeological SurveyHydrogeological andAssessment of SelectedAreas inSomalilandandPuntland Hydrogeological Survey and Assessment of Selected Areas in Somaliland and Puntland AO-SWALIM serves water and land informa on needs of Somali administra ons, UN Organiza ons, Development Agencies and NGOs. To reach this goal, we are re-establishing Fdata collec on networks in collabora on with Somali ins tu ons and partner agencies and at the same me recovering lost informa on from all over the world. The informa on-building process involves collec ng primary and secondary data needed for water and land resources management, genera ng user-friendly informa on from the data, storing the informa on in easily accessible databases and dissemina ng it through conven onal and electronic media. Our products are available for free to all organiza ons and individuals working in related fi elds in Somalia. They include 35 technical reports on water and land resources of Somalia and related datasets, our website which provides access to 2 searchable online data catalogues and links to other products and a reference library and data access terminal at each of our 3 informa on resource centres. These products can be accessed at our Nairobi offi ce, online by visi ng our website (www.faoswalim.org), through email request ([email protected]) or by visi ng our fi eld informa on resources centres at Hargeisa and Garowe. To facilitate the eventual transfer of SWALIM’s func on to Somali authori es, SWALIM is working with Somali Ministries and ins tu ons to build their informa on management capacity. Somalia Water and Land Informa on Management Ngecha Road, off Lower Kabete Road, P.O.
    [Show full text]
  • The Case of Somalialand
    A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Hansen, Peter Working Paper Migrant transfers as a development tool: The case of Somalialand DIIS Working Paper, No. 2004:15 Provided in Cooperation with: Danish Institute for International Studies (DIIS), Copenhagen Suggested Citation: Hansen, Peter (2004) : Migrant transfers as a development tool: The case of Somalialand, DIIS Working Paper, No. 2004:15, ISBN 8776050335, Danish Institute for International Studies (DIIS), Copenhagen This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/84608 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially
    [Show full text]
  • (Squeac) Survey for Nutrition Programmes, in Gabile
    SUMMARY REPORT OF A JOINTSEMI-QUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF ACCESS AND COVERAGE (SQUEAC) SURVEY FOR NUTRITION PROGRAMMES, IN GABILEY AND BURAO DISTRICTS (SOMALILAND), BOSSASO DISTRICT (PUNTLAND), BELET XAAWA AND LUUQ DISTRICTS (SOUTH CENTRAL, SOMALIA). October – November 2017 Survey Funded by: Report compiled by consultants: Anthony Kanja and Kevin Mutegi CONTENTS CONTENTS ........................................................................................................................................ii LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................................ iii LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................... v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................................... ix ACRONYMS ...................................................................................................................................... x EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................... xi Table 2-16 Recommendations for 2017 SQUEAC ..................................................................... xvii 1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Survey Background ..........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Last C Entury a N D Th E H Istory of So Malia
    2011 of Somalia Ibrahim Rashid The Last Century And The History And Century The The Last The Last Century And The History Of Somalia Understanding: the history of the Somali nation and that of Somalis in [Ibrahim Rashid] General in the 20th Century. [[email protected]] [Ibrahim Rashid is a freelance writer based in Nairobi] The Last Century and the History of Somalia By: Ibrahim rashid [email protected] 1 Contents Chapter 1: Encroachment into Somali Territory 5 French visit to Obok 5 Bishop Giuseppe Sapeto 5 Massawa and Soken 6 Wuchale agreement 7 Mohammad Abdullah Hassan Chapter 2: Sayyid Mohamed Abdille 11 The Mad Mullah 11 The Dhulbahante pastoralists 11 Return to Berbera 12 Emperor Menelek II 13 Taleex 15 Chapter 3: The Start of the Patriotic Movements 17 Walwal in Warder 17 Marshal Graziani 17 Anti-colonialism 18 Somali National Society 18 NFD 19 Chapter 4: Reserve Area/ the Ogaden & Hawd 22 Reserve Area 22 Secret agreement with Ethiopia in 1944 23 Omar Arteh Ghalib 23 The United Nations 24 Chapter 5: 21st October 1969 and the Military Coupé 37 Vote for Sale 37 Major General Salad Gabeyre 37 Law Number 1 37 "Incompatible… with the spirit of the Revolution." 38 ―Closer to the people‖ 38 "Revolutionary road." 39 Chapter 6: The President; Jalle. Mohamed Siad Barre 41 Jaalle Siyaad ("Comrade Siad") 41 "Victorious Leader" (Guulwaadde) 44 People's Assembly 44 Somali language (Af Soomaali) 44 Meat processing in Kismayo 45 Shalanbood Sandune Stoppage 46 Quotes from Siad Barre 47 2 Chapter 7: Supreme Revolutionary Council (SRC)
    [Show full text]