DOCSLIB.ORG

BEING HERE Emplacement and Displacement in the Life Stories of Two Somali- Australians

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
BEING HERE Emplacement and Displacement in the Life Stories of Two Somali- Australians BEING HERE Emplacement and Displacement in the Life Stories of two Somali- Australians by Annika Lems This thesis is presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Swinburne Institute for Social Research, Faculty of Life and Social Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology 2013. ii Abstract Our age is often described in terms of movement, instability and uncertainty, leading to the sense of homelessness or uprootedness that John Berger once described to be the “quintessential experience” of our time. Struck by this fluidity, many Western intellectuals came to long for a means of replacing the rigid and suffocating narrowness of national belonging with the lightness and ease of the vagabond, the nomad, the traveller, who, owning nothing but her own life, slips in and out of different worlds. Displacement came to be seen as paradigmatic of a time of deterritorialisation and refugees came to be the symbolic figures of this age of movement and fluctuation, challenging established notions of a “national order of things” (Malkki 1995b), of a world that can be neatly mapped and of cultures that are deeply rooted in places that belong to them. But these sentiments often left unanswered the question of how being-at-home or being- without-home is actually lived. Do important existential categories such as home, territoriality and belonging cease to exist in the face of displacement? How do people shape and re-shape them? How is displacement made sense of in everyday life and in relation to a wider place-world? Using these questions as a starting point, this thesis focuses on the life stories of Halima and Omar, two Somalis in their mid-fifties living in Melbourne, and discusses the interrelated meanings of emplacement and displacement. It also works with a series of photographs taken by Mohamed, who, upon returning to war-torn Mogadishu after thirty years abroad, began depicting his relationship to lost, ruined and imagined places. Mirroring the particularities of Mohamed’s, Omar’s and Halima’s experiences of place, displacement and home-building with fragments of the author’s own story of movement and emplacement, the thesis takes a critical look at the use of the figure of the refugee as a metaphor for alienation and estrangement from society. Halima’s and Omar’s stories and Mohamed’s photographs give an insight into the struggles and violent forces that at times crushed their hopes, and the strengths and capabilities that allowed them to regain a sense of balance. Their stories stand in stark iii contrast to ‘refugee stories’ as mere documents of trauma, instability and victimhood and speak for a more complex understanding of displacement. The contrast between the metaphorical use of the figure of the refugee as nomadic, rhizomic, or deterritorialised and Omar’s and Halima’s lived experience suggests that much of the contemporary reading of displacement as a placeless phenomenon is built on an uncritical and confused understanding of space and movement. While roots have come to stand for the postmodern “horror of being bound and fixed” (Bauman 1995: 91), this horror doesn’t seem to be shared by Halima, Mohamed or Omar, who fear remaining in transit forever, never arriving anywhere, never again becoming someone in relation to somewhere. Rather than focusing on the metaphorical treatment of space as boundless and open- ended, the particularities of Halima’s and Omar’s stories demonstrate the need for a more complex and nuanced view of displacement, one that takes the material and geographical location of social life more seriously and attempts to “get back into place” (Casey 1993). iv Acknowledgements First and foremost, I would like to express my deep and heartfelt gratitude to Halima Mohamed, Omar Farah Dhollawa and Mohamed Ibrahim, whose stories have filled this thesis with life. There aren’t enough words to thank them for their generosity, for their readiness to let me into their lives and for all the time and effort they invested in this project. Mahadsanid! I also want to thank Klaus Neumann and Peter Browne, my supervisors, who have travelled this journey with me from the very beginning. I want to thank them for their support and guidance, but also for their openness to writing a thesis that doesn’t follow a conventional path. Their encouragement to explore and challenge my writing allowed me to open my mind to new possibilities, and to gain strength and confidence in my ability as a storytelling academic. Working with them made this PhD experience a true academic apprenticeship, and I am grateful for this opportunity. Like any academic work, this thesis didn’t grow in solitude. Rather, the many conversations and discussions I had with colleagues, friends and family members also formed my thinking and have left their imprints on this PhD. I would like to thank all participants of Klaus Neumann’s residential seminars for their generous and constructive feedback to some of my draft chapters. A heartfelt thank you goes to my friends and colleagues Zoe Robertson, Stefanie Scherr, Josefine Raasch, Jasmina Kijevcanin, Wadzanai Machena, Michaela Callaghan, Katherine Wilson and Skye Krichauff. I would also like to thank all the people at the Swinburne Institute for Social Research who, in creating a productive and welcoming environment, enhanced the writing and thinking process. I am particularly indebted to Sandy Gifford for the time she dedicated to reading and commenting on my chapters, but also for her readiness to share some of her own experiences as an anthropologist with me. I would also like to express a warm thanks to my colleague and friend Chris Wilson and his family, who invited me to stay with them after my arrival in Australia and accompanied me in my first steps (and runs) through Melbourne. Furthermore, I want to express my gratitude to my former teacher and supervisor Sabine Strasser from the University of Vienna (now Bern) from whom I have learned so much. v Finally, I want to thank all those people close to my heart who have travelled this journey with me: Sahra and Sagal Mohamed for becoming my sisters; Christine Moderbacher for late-night or early-morning Skype-sessions and for accompanying me throughout the way; Eva Lindtner, Abdi Mujeeb and Ursula Wagner for friendship and inspiration; and finally Paul Reade for being there with me and for me and for making me laugh when I felt like giving up. Last but not least I want to thank my family who have let me move to the other end of the world and to whom so much of my writing is directed: My father Dennis Lems, my mother Ingeborg Lientscher and my brothers and sisters Florian, Eva, Lisa, Christian and Jonathan Lems. vi Declaration This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for the award to the candidate of any other degree or diploma, except where due reference is made in the text. To the best of my knowledge this thesis contains no material previously published or written by another person except where due reference is made in the text. Where the work is based on joint research or publications, this thesis discloses the relative contributions of the respective workers or authors. Annika Lems vii viii Table of Contents I. Introduction .......................................................................... 1 1. Greeting Xamar ...................................................................... 2 2. Mapping the Field ................................................................ 12 Juncture .................................................................................. 29 II. Born of and into the World .............................................. 31 1. Thinking What We Are Doing ............................................. 32 2. Storied Lives ........................................................................ 51 Juncture .................................................................................. 80 III. Emplacement .................................................................. 83 1. Placing Somalia .................................................................... 84 2. Living One-Eyed ................................................................ 103 3. An Accidental Move .......................................................... 119 4. Home-Building ................................................................... 129 5. Homewards ........................................................................ 141 Juncture ................................................................................ 154 IV. Displacement .................................................................. 157 1. At Home in the Universe .................................................... 158 2. The Poetics of Somali Womanhood .................................. 180 3. Displaced Stories ................................................................ 198 4. Placeless Dreams ................................................................ 216 V. Conclusion ........................................................................ 233 Bibliography ......................................................................... 244 Appendix ............................................................................... 270 ix x Die Welt ist groß, doch in uns wird sie tief wie Meeresgrund. The world is large, but in us it becomes deep as the bottom of the sea. (Rainer Maria Rilke) xi I Introduction 1 1. GREETING XAMAR (©Mohamed Ibrahim) After Mohamed disembarked from the plane and set foot in the city he had left behind thirty years ago, he knelt
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Decentralization and Service Delivery in Somaliland A
    DECENTRALIZATION AND SERVICE DELIVERY IN SOMALILAND A Thesis Presented to the School of Postgraduate Studies and Research of Kampala International University Kampala, Uganda In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in Public Administration and Management By: Ahmed Abdillahi Dualeh M PA/40296/9 1/DF August, 2011 DECLARATION A “This thesis is my origina’ work and has never been presented for a Degree or any other academic award in any University or Institution of Learning”. u2A~ ~tQL Name and Signature of Candidate Date DECLARATION B TTJ confirm that the work reported in this thesis was carried out by the candidate under my supervision”. Ben’amin Bella Oluka PHD Candidate Name and Signature of Supervisor ~ Date APPROVAL SHEET This thesis entitled Decentralization and service delivery in Somaliland, prepared and submitted by Ahmed Abdillahi Dualeh in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Public Administration and Management has been examined and approved by the panel on oral examination with a grade of: PASSED Dr ~ i2~~ ~ Name and Sig. of Chairman ~ _________ Name and Sig. of Supervisor Name and Sig. of Panelist ‘ ç~~3—i- M—1 ~ Name and Sig. of Panelist Name and Sig. of Panelist Date of Comprehensive Examination: Grade: Name and Sig. of Director, SPGSR Name and Sig. of DVC, SPGS DEDICATION I dedicated this thesis to my old brother Abdirahman Abdillahi Dualeh, My wonderful parents, mum Milgo Daud Egal and Dad Abdillahi Dualeh Ajab and my beloved wife Hamda Mohmed Hussein. 1~ ACKNOWLEDGMENT Foremost, I am grateful to Allah for seeing me through my years of university education.
    [Show full text]
  • Electronic Communication and an Oral Culture: the Dynamics of Somali Websites and Mailing Lists
    ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION AND AN ORAL CULTURE: THE DYNAMICS OF SOMALI WEBSITES AND MAILING LISTS BY ABDISALAM M. ISSA-SALWE A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF THAMES VALLEY UNIVERSITY FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY CENTRE FOR INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SCHOOL OF COMPUTING AND TECHNOLOGY THAMES VALLEY UNIVERSITY SUPERVISORS: DR. ANTHONY OLDEN, THAMES VALLEY UNIVERSITY EMERITUS PROFESSOR I M LEWIS, LSE, UNIVERSITY OF LONDON EXAMINERS: PROFESSOR CHRISTINE MCCOURT, THAMES VALLEY UNIVERSITY DR. MARTIN ORWIN, SOAS, UNIVERSITY OF LONDON NOVEMBER 2006 TO MY WIFE HAWO, MY CHILDREN MOHAMED-NASIR, MOHAMUD, ALI, HAFSA-YALAH, HAMDA, SHARMARKE AND YUSUF-HANAD ACKNOWLEDGMENT Foremost, I would like to thank to the Council for Assisting Refugee Academics (CARA) who helped in funding my studies. I would like to thank my thesis advisors, Dr. Tony Olden (Thames Valley University) and Emeritus Professor I M Lewis (London School of Economics) for their continuous encouragement, optimism and confidence in me to make it possible to write this dissertation. Both Dr. Olden and Emeritus Professor Lewis put an enormous amount of time and effort into supervision. Likewise, this study has been enhanced through the incisive comments of Dr Stephen Roberts (Thames Valley University). I also appreciate the advice of Dr Mohamed D. Afrax and Abdullahi Salah Osman who read and commented on the manuscript of this dissertation. I am also thankful to Ahmed Mohamud H Jama (Nero) who allowed me to have useful material relevant to my research; Dr. Ebyan Salah who solicited female correspondents to reply to the research questionnaires. I am also grateful to Said Mohamed Ali (Korsiyagaab) and Ismail Said Aw-Muse (PuntlandState.com) who gave me permission to use their websites statistics.
    [Show full text]
  • Ordonnance Instituant Des Mesures À L'encontre De Personnes
    946.203 Ordonnance instituant des mesures à l’encontre de personnes et entités liées à Oussama ben Laden, au groupe «Al-Qaïda» ou aux Taliban1 du 2 octobre 2000 (Etat le 23 janvier 2007) Le Conseil fédéral suisse, vu l’art. 2 de la loi fédérale du 22 mars 2002 sur l’application de sanctions internationales (loi sur les embargos)2,3 arrête: Art. 14 Interdiction de fournir de l’équipement militaire et des biens similaires 1 La fourniture, la vente et le courtage d’armements de toute sorte, y compris d’armes et de munitions, de véhicules et d’équipement militaires, de matériels para- militaires de même que leurs accessoires et pièces de rechange aux personnes physi- ques et morales, aux groupes ou aux entités cités à l’annexe 2 sont interdits.5 2 ...6 3 La fourniture, la vente et le courtage de conseils techniques et de moyens d’assistance ou d’entraînement liés aux activités militaires aux personnes physiques et morales, aux groupes ou aux entités cités à l’annexe 2 sont interdits.7 4 Les al. 1 et 3 ne s’appliquent que dans la mesure où la loi du 13 décembre 1996 sur le contrôle des biens8, la loi fédérale du 13 décembre 1996 sur le matériel de guerre9 ainsi que leurs ordonnances d’application ne sont pas applicables. Art. 1a10 Art. 211 RO 2000 2642 1 Nouvelle teneur selon le ch. I de l’O du 1er mai 2002 (RO 2002 1646). 2 RS 946.231 3 Nouvelle teneur selon le ch. I de l’O du 30 oct.
    [Show full text]
  • Supplementary Materials
    Supplementary materials Table 1. Key Findings. Year of Author Objectives Key Findings Publication Meyer, S.R.; Meyer, To explore the potential influence of Influx impacts food security, hunger, E.; Bangirana, C.; influx of refugees on adolescent well- education access and quality, [112] 2019 Mangen, P.O.; Stark, being from South Sudan and those in psychosocial well-being, safety, L. Uganda violence, and injury. Data show disparity and reported neonatal (3.0 vs. 1.8/1000) and To analyze the infant and neonatal infant (4.5 vs 2.6/1000) mortality mortality rates of Italian and foreign Simeoni, S.; Frova, L.; rates among foreign children [138] 2019 children and to evaluate if there is a De Curtis, M. compared to Italian children. The disparity among geographical macro- infant mortality among children born areas to women coming from Central and South Africa (8.2 /1000) is highest. Vulnerabilities includes material Williams, T.P.; deprivation, poverty, gender To identify protection issues facing [125] Chopra, V.; Chikanya, 2018 inequality, child abuse, transactional female adolescents in refugee camps S.R. sex, and exploitation within and around the camps The challenges include ensuring safety, the diverse backgrounds and To show challenges identified in needs of trafficked children, assistance provision to child victims [126] Warria, A. 2018 matching lifestyle previously of transnational trafficking in South provided by pimps/traffickers, and Africa premature return and reintegration of the children. Somali-specific age estimation model (SM) based on the WM resulted in a slight underestimation To compare the age prediction of age when the sex groups were Metsaniitty, M.; performances of the Willems et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Tahir, Abdifatah I.Pdf
    A University of Sussex PhD thesis Available online via Sussex Research Online: http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/ This thesis is protected by copyright which belongs to the author. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the Author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the Author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Please visit Sussex Research Online for more information and further details URBAN GOVERNANCE, LAND CONFLICTS AND SEGREGATION IN HARGEISA, SOMALILAND: HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES AND CONTEMPORARY DYNAMICS ABDIFATAH I TAHIR This thesis is submitted to the Department of Geography, School of Global Studies, University of Sussex, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) OCTOBER 1, 2016 DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY SCHOOL OF GLOBAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX 1 | Page ORIGINALITY STATEMENT I hereby declare that this thesis has not been and will not be submitted in whole or in part to another University for the award of any other degree. Signature 2 | Page I. ABSTRACT This thesis offers an explanation for why urban settlement in Somaliland’s capital city of Hargeisa is segregated along clan lines. The topic of urban segregation has been neglected in both classic Somali studies, and recent studies of post-war state-building and governance in Somaliland. Such negligence of urban governance in debates over state-making stems from a predominant focus on national and regional levels, which overlooks the institutions governing cities.
    [Show full text]
  • The Path of Somali Refugees Into Exile Exile Into Refugees Somali of Path the Joëlle Moret, Simone Baglioni, Denise Efionayi-Mäder
    The Path of Somalis have been leaving their country for the last fifteen years, fleeing civil war, difficult economic conditions, drought and famine, and now constitute one of the largest diasporas in the world. Somali Refugees into Exile A Comparative Analysis of Secondary Movements Organized in the framework of collaboration between UNHCR and and Policy Responses different countries, this research focuses on the secondary movements of Somali refugees. It was carried out as a multi-sited project in the following countries: Djibouti, Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, the Netherlands, Efionayi-Mäder Denise Baglioni, Simone Moret, Joëlle South Africa, Switzerland and Yemen. The report provides a detailed insight into the movements of Somali refugees that is, their trajectories, the different stages in their migra- tion history and their underlying motivations. It also gives a compara- tive overview of different protection regimes and practices. Authors: Joëlle Moret is a social anthropologist and scientific collaborator at the SFM. Simone Baglioni is a political scientist and scientific collaborator at the SFM and at the University Bocconi in Italy. Denise Efionayi-Mäder is a sociologist and co-director of the SFM. ISBN-10: 2-940379-00-9 ISBN-13: 978-2-940379-00-2 The Path of Somali Refugees into Exile Exile into Refugees Somali of Path The Joëlle Moret, Simone Baglioni, Denise Efionayi-Mäder � � SFM Studies 46 SFM Studies 46 Studies SFM � SFM Studies 46 Joëlle Moret Simone Baglioni Denise Efionayi-Mäder The Path of Somali Refugees into Exile A Comparative
    [Show full text]
  • Identity Documents and Travel Documents (January 2000 - June 2004) Research Directorate, Immigration and Refugee Board, Ottawa
    Home > Research > Responses to Information Requests RESPONSES TO INFORMATION REQUESTS (RIRs) New Search | About RIRs | Help 29 July 2004 SOM42806.E Somalia: Identity documents and travel documents (January 2000 - June 2004) Research Directorate, Immigration and Refugee Board, Ottawa Identity Documents Information on Somali identity documents was scarce among the sources consulted by the Research Directorate. According to a report prepared by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and the Austrian Centre for Country of Origin and Asylum research and Documentation (ACCORD) on the Seventh European Country of Origin Information Seminar, which was held in Berlin, Germany, from 11-12 June 2001, identity documents were not being issued anywhere in Somalia in 2001 (UNHCR/ACCORD 11-12 June 2001, 146). In 2001, Somaliland authorities were, however, issuing drivers' licenses, which could be used to establish the identity of those who held them (ibid.). In May 2004, the Home Office of the United Kingdom (UK) issued an "Operational Guidance Note" on Somalia, in which it stated that it is impossible to verify the authenticity of any documents presented by Somalis who apply for asylum in the UK because there is no central government or authority in Somalia that keeps official records of the population or of the issuance of such documents to enable verification (Sec. 5.3.1). Additionally, the official records that had been kept prior to the collapse of the government were destroyed during the civil war (UK May 2004, Sec. 5.3.1). While the UK Home Office acknowledged that "[s]ome local administrations such as Somaliland and the TNG [Transitional National Government] authorities issue documents (birth certificates, passports etc.), [it also pointed out that] these are not issued under any internationally recognised authority and are not verifiable" (ibid.).
    [Show full text]
  • Exploring Migrant Families' Acculturation and Livelihoods In
    Volume 8, Issue 15, July 2020 25 Journal of Sport for Development Original Research Exploring migrant families’ acculturation and livelihoods in Canada and the role of sport participation Sacha Smart1, Kyle Rich2, Allan Lauzon1 1 University of Guelph, Canada 2 Brock University, Canada Corresponding author email: [email protected] ABSTRACT largest number of migrants compared to other Canadian city centers (Morency et al., 2017). Whereas Montreal and Canada is poised to increase the number of migrants arriving Vancouver receive approximately 3,800 and 2,300 migrants annually. Growing attention is being directed toward how respectively annually, Toronto receives more than 5,700 sport can be managed in a way that is accessible and (Morency et al., 2017). The interaction of culturally diverse inclusive of immigrant populations, as well as how sport can populations contributes to acculturative stresses that are the foster new opportunities for migrants to develop connections results of behavioral changes among migrant populations within their communities. The objectives of this research (Berry, 1992). Acculturative stress has been associated with were to explore broadly the realities of the migrant behavior shifts (Paulhus et al., 2002; Ryder et al., 2013), settlement experience and migrants’ livelihoods in Toronto language difficulties (Boyd & Cao, 2009), emotional and the role sport had on these experiences. Using an disorders (Sam & Berry, 1995), and perceived social exploratory case study methodology, this paper explores the exclusion and discrimination (Banerjee, 2009; Bauder, participants’ strategies of acculturation and the implications 2003b). However, there is a growing body of academic of these strategies for developing social and cultural capital. literature (e.g., Spaaij, 2013; Walseth, 2006, 2008) that Youth sport programming is discussed as having little effect examines how sport can ease challenges of integration and on the financial capacities and livelihoods of migrants.
    [Show full text]
  • Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada Page 1 of 4
    Responses to Information Requests - Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada Page 1 of 4 Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada Home > Research Program > Responses to Information Requests Responses to Information Requests Responses to Information Requests (RIR) respond to focused Requests for Information that are submitted to the Research Directorate in the course of the refugee protection determination process. The database contains a seven- year archive of English and French RIRs. Earlier RIRs may be found on the UNHCR's Refworld website. Please note that some RIRs have attachments which are not electronically accessible. To obtain a PDF copy of an RIR attachment, please email the Knowledge and Information Management Unit. 17 March 2016 SOM105248.E Somalia: Identification documents, including national identity cards, passports, driver's licenses, and any other document required to access government services; information on the issuing agencies and the requirements to obtain documents (2013-July 2015) Research Directorate, Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, Ottawa 1. Accessibility of Official Documentation in Somalia According to the US Department of State's Country Reciprocity Schedule for Somalia, "[t]here are no circumstances under which immigrant visa applicants can reasonably be expected to recover original documents held by the former Government of Somalia" due to a lack of "competent civil authority to issue civil documents" and the destruction of most records over the course of the civil war (US n.d.). Other sources report that the Somali government is issuing passports and identity cards under the authority of the Benadir administration in Mogadishu (Lawyer 24 July 2015; EU Aug. 2014, 40) in the district of Cabulcasiis (ibid.).
    [Show full text]
  • Russian Federation
    September 1997 Vol. 9, No. 10 (D) RUSSIAN FEDERATION MOSCOW: OPEN SEASON, CLOSED CITY SUMMARY.................................................................................................................................................................................2 RECOMMENDATIONS.............................................................................................................................................................3 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................................................5 MOSCOW=S REGISTRATION AND REFUGEE POLICY: A STATE WITHIN A STATE....................................................7 Registration for Temporary Stays..................................................................................................................................7 Registration for Permanent Residence...........................................................................................................................9 Evaluation....................................................................................................................................................................11 THE IMPACT OF REGISTRATION ON REFUGEES AND INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS ...............................13 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................13 Moscow Refugee Regulations: A
    [Show full text]
  • Refugee Youth, Belonging and Community Sport
    This is an Author’s Accepted Manuscript of an article published in Leisure Studies [copyright Taylor & Francis]. Leisure Studies, 2015, 34(3): 303-318 Refugee youth, belonging and community sport Ramón Spaaij Abstract This article examines community sport as a site where refugee youth negotiate belonging, which is conceptualised as a dynamic dialectic of ‘seeking’ and ‘granting’. Drawing on three years of ethnographic fieldwork among Somali Australian youth at community football (soccer) clubs in Melbourne, the article identifies the kinds of belonging that are constructed by refugee youth in community sport, the social processes that facilitate or impede these belongings, and the forms of boundary work involved. The belonging negotiated by Somali Australian youth in community sports clubs is multi-layered, dynamic and situational, and involves multiple boundary shifts. It operates at varying scales of experience from the sports team and local community to the transnational. The article shows that while social boundaries such as clan, team and locality are porous, other boundaries of inclusion/exclusion, notably gender, ethnicity and religion, tend to be more stable and more difficult to cross for Somali Australian youth in community football clubs. Keywords: belonging; boundary work; refugees; settlement; sport 1 Introduction Sport plays a significant role in the everyday lives of many young people with refugee backgrounds. One reason is that sport provides a setting in which young people can express themselves through bodily practices, construct and perform social identities, and craft emotional closeness to, or distance from, other people (e.g. Walseth, 2006a; Walseth & Fasting, 2004). Playing or watching sport is something that many young people, and especially young men, do as a way of occupying themselves and socialising with each other.
    [Show full text]
  • Migrant Integration and Cultural Capital in the Context of Sport and Physical Activity: a Systematic Review
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Victoria University Eprints Repository Journal of International Migration and Integration https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-018-0634-5 Migrant Integration and Cultural Capital in the Context of Sport and Physical Activity: a Systematic Review Robyn Smith1 & Ramón Spaaij2,3 & Brent McDonald2 # The Author(s) 2018 Abstract The belief that participation in sport and physical activity assists the integration of culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) migrants is prominent within sport policy and programming. Integration outcomes may be enhanced when the migrant develops facets of cultural capital that are valued by both the migrant and the destination country. This paper systematically examines the cultural capital of CALD migrants in the context of participation in sport and physical activity. Databases were searched for papers published in peer-reviewed journals between 1990 and 2016. A total of 3040 articles were identified and screened, and 45 papers were included in this review. Findings show that migrants’ cultural capital can be both an asset to, and a source of exclusion from, sport participation. Sport and physical activity are sites where migrant- specific cultural capital is (re)produced, where new forms of cultural capital that are valued in the destination society are generated, and where cultural capital is negotiated in relation to the dominant culture. The authors conclude that the analytical lens of cultural capital enables an in-depth understanding of the interplay between migrant agency and structural constraints, and of integration as a two-way process of change and adaptation, in the context of sport and physical activity.
    [Show full text]