MARCH 2020

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12932 OTC20 Register 8.25x11 2019-12-02c.indd 1 12/2/19 11:00 AM Structural Materials Division JOM Best Paper Award I’VE SPECIALIZED “Effect of TiN-Particles on Fracture of Press- FOR 40 YEARS Hardened Steel Sheets in the placement of Metallurgical, and Components,” Materials, and Welding Engineers in J.C. Pang, H.L. Yi, Q. Lu, the areas of R&D, Q.C. Production, C.M. Enloe, and J.F. Wang 71, 1329–1337 (2019) Sales & Marketing, nationwide. doi: 10.1007/s11837-018-3308-z My background as a

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“Al8Mn5 Particle Settling Fees paid by Company. and Interactions with Oxide Films in Liquid AZ91 Michael Heineman, Magnesium Alloys,” L. Peng, G. Zeng, T.C. Su, Meta-Find, Inc. H. Yasuda, K. Nogita, and Phone: (212) 867-8100 C.M. Gourlay 71, 2235–2244 (2019) E-mail: [email protected] doi: 10.1007/s11837-019-03471-2 Web: www.meta-findny.com

Reliable, User-Friendly Software Package for Materials Design: • PanPhaseDiagram for calculating phase equilibria and thermodynamic properties of multicomponent systems • PanPrecipitation for simulating precipitation kinetics with various heat treatment conditions • PanDiffusion for modeling diffusion-controlled phase transformations • PanSolidification for simulating solidification processes considering back diffusion in solid and cooling rate Highlight Features: • PanEngine API for integrating thermodynamic accelerated searching of alloy • High Throughput Calculation: calculation with user’s in-house compositions that meet user-defined criteria code • Contour Line: understand the variation of user-concerned properties with phase stability • Databases for providing model parameters • User-defined Properties: calculate any properties that can be for the simulation of variety defined as a function of phases properties of multicomponent alloy systems www.computherm.com Table of Contents

Volume 72

Number 3 JO table of contents March 2020 JOM: THE MAGAZINE

979: In the Final Analysis: James J. Robinson 980: TMS Member News Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy Welcomes New Editor; TMS Renames Award 981: In Case You Missed It: Business News from the Field 982: A Simple Plan Revisited: 2019 TMS President James Foley Talks With JOM: James C. Foley 985: Building on Discovery: A Preview of 3DMS 2020: Dorte Juul Jensen, Matthew P. Miller, and Lei Zhang 987: At the Forefront of Nuclear Materials Science with Assel Aitkaliyeva: Kaitlin Calva 988: A Mark of Exceptional Promise: The 2020 TMS Young Leaders: Ashley-Anne Bohnert 994: TMS Meeting Headlines 995: JOM Call for Papers JOM: THE JOURNAL The 2nd Asia-Pacific International Conference on Additive Manufacturing (APICAM 2019) 997: Additive Manufacturing—The 2nd Asia– 1031: Microstructure and Mechanical Property of Pacific International Conference on Additive Ti-5Al-2.5Sn/Ti-6Al-4V Dissimilar Titanium Manufacturing (APICAM 2019): M. Qian Alloys Integrally Fabricated by Selective 999: Probing Ultrafast Dynamics in Laser Laser Melting: Kaiwen Wei, Xiaoyan Zeng, Powder Bed Fusion Using High-Speed Fangzhi Li, Mengna Liu, and Jinfeng Deng X-Ray Imaging: A Review of Research at the 1039: Influence of Gas Flow Speed on Laser Advanced Photon Source: Tao Sun Plume Attenuation and Powder Bed Particle 1009: Improvements in Ductility and Reliability Pickup in Laser Powder Bed Fusion: of Mechanical Properties of Polyamide 11 Haopeng Shen, Paul Rometsch, Xinhua Wu, Produced Using Laser-Based Powder Bed and Aijun Huang Fusion: D. L. Bourell and D. K. Leigh 1052: Effect of Compositional Variation Induced 1016: Tantalum Bone Implants Printed by by EBM Processing on Deformation Selective Electron Beam Manufacturing Behavior and Phase Stability of Austenitic (SEBM) and Their Clinical Applications: Cr-Mn-Ni TRIP Steel: J. Günther, R. Lehnert, H. P. Tang, K. Yang, L. Jia, W. W. He, L. Yang, R. Wagner, C. Burkhardt, M. Wendler, and X. Z. Zhang O. Volkova, H. Biermann, and T. Niendorf 1022: Fatigue Performance of Additively 1065: Revealing the Mechanisms of Grain Manufactured Ti-6Al-4V: Surface Condition Nucleation and Formation During Additive vs. Internal Defects: Y. Y. Sun, S. L. Lu, Manufacturing: Michael Bermingham, S. Gulizia, C. H. Oh, D. Fraser, M. Leary, David StJohn, Mark Easton, Lang Yuan, and M. Qian and Matthew Dargusch Table of Contents

1074: Grain Growth During Keyhole Mode Pulsed 1092: Optimal Design for Metal Additive Laser Powder Bed Fusion of IN738LC: Manufacturing: An Integrated Computational Z. W. Chen, T. Guraya, S. Singamneni, Materials Engineering (ICME) Approach: and M. A. L. Phan S. Amir H. Motaman, Fabian Kies, 1085: Comparison of Microstructural Response Patrick Köhnen, Maike Létang, Mingxuan Lin, to Heat Treatment of Inconel 718 Prepared Andrey Molotnikov, and Christian Haase by Three Different Metal Additive 1105: PolyJet 3D Printing of Composite Materials: Manufacturing Processes: Judy Schneider Experimental and Modelling Approach: Yun Lu Tee, Chenxi Peng, Philip Pille, Martin Leary, and Phuong Tran

Additive Manufacturing: Validation and Control 1118: Ad Hoc Heat Treatments for Selective 1138: Microscale Analysis of Melt Pool Dynamics Laser Melted Alsi10mg Alloy Aimed at Due to Particle Impingement and Laser-Matter Stress-Relieving and Enhancing Mechanical Interaction in the Spot Laser Metal Deposition Performances: J. Fiocchi, C. A. Biffi, Process: Arvind Chouhan, Akash Aggarwal, C. Colombo, L. M. Vergani, and A. Tuissi and Arvind Kumar 1128: The Formation of Humps and Ripples During Selective Laser Melting of 316l Stainless Steel: Pingmei Tang, Sen Wang, Huamei Duan, Mujun Long, Yandong Li, Shuqian Fan, and Dengfu Chen

Advanced Manufacturing for Biomaterials and Biological Materials: Part I 1151: Advanced Manufacturing for Biomaterials 1186: Optimization of Spark Plasma Sintering and Biological Materials, Part I: Parameters Using the Taguchi Method for David Restrepo, Steven E. Naleway, Developing Mg-Based Composites: Vinoy Thomas, and Hannes C. Schniepp Murad Ali, M. A. Hussein and N. Al-Aqeeli 1154: Effect of Al Addition on Structural, Magnetic, 1195: A Materials Perspective on the Design of and Antimicrobial Properties of Ag Damage-Resilient Bone Implants Through Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications: Additive/Advanced Manufacturing: Asmaa A. H. El-Bassuony Hortense Le Ferrand 1163: Study on Fe-xGO Composites Prepared by and Christos E. Athanasiou Selective Laser Melting: Microstructure, 1211: Microwave Processing of Biomaterials Hardness, Biodegradation and for Orthopedic Implants: Challenges and Cytocompatibility: Ying-Chao Zhao, Yue Tang, Possibilities: Apurbba Kumar Sharma Ming-Chun Zhao, Chao Liu, Long Liu, and Shivani Gupta Cheng-De Gao, Cijun Shuai, and Andrej Atrens 1229: A Review on Additive Manufacturing of 1175: Effects of Stress-Relieving Heat Treatment Shape-Memory Materials for Biomedical on Impact Toughness of Direct Metal Laser Applications: Nasim Sabahi, Wenliang Chen, Sintering (DMLS)-Produced Ti6Al4V (ELI) Chun-Hui Wang, Jamie J. Kruzic, Parts: Amos Muiruri, Maina Maringa, and Xiaopeng Li Willie du Preez, and Leonard Masu

Advances in Characterization of Powder Materials 1254: Characterization and Properties of 1264: Hylotelephium telephium Flower CuZrAlTiNiSi High Entropy Alloy Coating Extract-Mediated Biosynthesis of CuO Obtained by Mechanical Alloying and and ZnO Nanoparticles with Promising Vacuum Hot-Pressing Sintering: Zihan Han, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties Dongzhi Wang, Xiaohan Chen, Guomang Shao, for Healthcare Applications: Xi Zhang, Wenjuan Ge, and Yan Wang Gopalu Karunakaran, Matheswaran Jagathambal, Govindan Suresh Kumar, and Evgeny Kolesnikov Table of Contents

1273: Effect of Oxygen Flow Rate on the Particle 1286: Effects of Process Gas Pressure and Type Size Distribution and Morphology of the on Oxygen Content in Sintered Titanium Ultrafine Rhenium Powders Prepared by Produced using Jet-Milled Titanium CVD: Lejun Zhou, Zihang Pan, Zhihong Liu, Hydride Powders: Matthew K. Dunstan, and Wanlin Wang Brandyn Simpson, Pei Sun, Mark Koopman, and Z. Zak Fang 1279: A Novel Method for Making Co-Cr-Mo Alloy Spherical Powder by Granulation and Sintering: Yang Xia, Jinlong Zhao, Zhaowang Dong, Xueyi Guo, Qinghua Tian, and Yong Liu

Solid Freeform Fabrication 2019 1292: Mechanical Performance of Additively 1332: Penelope: A Novel Prototype for In Situ Manufactured Fiber-Reinforced Functionally Defect Removal in LPBF: B. M. Colosimo, Graded Lattices: János Plocher E. Grossi, F. Caltanissetta, and M. Grasso and Ajit Panesar 1340: Towards Functionally Graded Sand 1299: Fabrication and Characterization Molds for Metal Casting: Engineering of High-Purity Alumina Ceramics Doped Thermo-mechanical Properties Using with Zirconia via Laser Direct Deposition: 3D Sand Printing: D. Martinez, C. Bate, Aditya R. Thakur, John M. Pappas, and G. Manogharan and Xiangyang Dong 1355: Effects of Postprocess Thermal Treatments 1307: Hydrothermal-Assisted Transient Binder on Static and Cyclic Deformation Behavior Jetting of Ceramics for Achieving High of Additively Manufactured Austenitic Green Density: Fan Fei, Li He, Stainless Steel: Jonathan W. Pegues, Baizhuang Zhou, Ziyang Xu, and Xuan Song Michael D. Roach, and Nima Shamsaei 1314: Effective In-Plane Moduli of Fused 1366: Electrophotographic Multilayer Filament Fabrication Material with Aligned Powder Pattern Deposition for Additive Mesostructure: Ruiqi Chen and Debbie Senesky Manufacturing: Thomas Stichel, Clemens Brachmann, Max Raths, 1324: Flatwise Compression and Local Indentation Maximilian A. Dechet, Jochen Schmidt, Response of 3D-Printed Strut-Reinforced Wolfgang Peukert, Thomas Frick, Kagome with Polyurethane Filling: Rinoj Gautam, Vijay Shankar Sridharan, and Stephan Roth and Sridhar Idapalapati Technical Articles 1376: The Effect of Rolling Temperature on 1395: Formation of Deformation Bands in the Microstructure and Mechanical Hot-Worked SS 316LN: Santosh Kumar, B. Aashranth, M. Arvinth Davinci, Properties of 5 vol.% (TiBw + TiCp)/Ti Composites: Changjiang Zhang, Dipti Samantaray, Utpal Borah, Chongxiao Guo, Shuzhi Zhang, Hong Feng, and A. K. Bhaduri Jianchao Han, Fantao Kong, and Yuyong Chen 1406: Study of the Parameters Influencing the 1384: Macro-alloying Effects of Al and Ag on the Temperature Distribution in UDD in Traveling Age-Hardening Behavior and Precipitates Grate Using CFD and Orthogonal Testing: Microstructure of a Mg-4Sn Alloy: Feng Zhou, Yang Li, Yue Sun, and Boquan Li Xuefei Huang and Shuhai Huang 1414: Effect of B2O3 on Structure of Glassy F-Free 29 CaO-SiO2-B2O3 Systems by Si MAS NMR and Raman Spectroscopy: Yangfan Chen, Feifei Lai, and Jiangling Li

Correction 1422: Correction to: Aluminum Production in the Times of Climate Change: The Global Challenge to Reduce the Carbon Footprint and Prevent Carbon Leakage: Gudrun Saevarsdottir, Halvor Kvande, and Barry J. Welch Table of Contents

About the Cover From “Optimal Design for Metal Additive Manufacturing an Integrated Computational Materials Engineering JO (ICME) Approach” by S. Amir H. Motaman et al., the 5700 Corporate Drive figure illustrates the local strain distribution in an Suite 750 additively manufactured lattice structure simulated by a Pittsburgh, PA 15237 finite-element-method (FEM) model. The results of this USA simulation allow for evaluation of local strain distribution Phone: 1-724-776-9000 and energy-absorption capacity under service conditions. Web: jom.tms.org Within the multi-scale and multi-physics ICME approach E-Mail: [email protected] presented by authors, the FEM simulation is utilized as Publisher for TMS an effective computational tool to predict and explore James J. Robinson, the structural performance of additively manufactured Executive Director metallic components. Operations Management Matt Baker, Department Head, Content JOM: The Journal Justin Scott, March 2020 Guest Editors Principal Editor; Department The 2nd Asia-Pacific International Conference on Advances in Characterization of Powder Materials Head, Research, Engagement, Additive Manufacturing (APICAM 2019) Materials Characterization Committee Data, and Information Invited Zhiwei Peng, Central South University Maureen Byko, Ma Qian, University of Queensland Yunus Eren Kalay, Middle East Technical University Rajiv Soman, Eurofins EAG Materials Science LLC Editor Additive Manufacturing: Validation and Control Kelly Markel, Additive Manufacturing Committee Solid Freeform Fabrication 2019 Publications Coordinator Judy Schneider, University of Alabama at Huntsville Invited David Bourell, University of Texas Edward D. Herderick, Advanced Manufacturing for Biomaterials and Industrial Editor Biological Materials: Part I JOM: The Magazine Biomaterials Committee Lynne Robinson, Hannes C. Schniepp, The College of William and Mary Department Head, Strategic Steven Eric Naleway, University of Utah Communications and Outreach Vinoy Thomas, University of Alabama at Birmingham Kaitlin Calva, David Restrepo, University of Texas at San Antonio Magazine Managing Editor Cheryl M. Geier, About JOM: Senior Graphic Designer The scope of JOM (ISSN 1047-4838) encompasses publicizing news about TMS and its members and stakeholder communities while publishing meaningful peer-reviewed materials science and engineering content. Contributing Writers Ashley-Anne Bohnert, That content includes groundbreaking laboratory discoveries, the effective transition of science into technology, Outreach and External innovative industrial and manufacturing developments, resource and supply chain issues, improvement and Communications Lead innovation in processing and fabrication, and life-cycle and sustainability practices. In fulfilling this scope,JOM Ann Ritchie, strives to balance the interests of the laboratory and the marketplace by reporting academic, industrial, and Technical Communications government-sponsored work from around the world. Specialist About TMS: Kelly Zappas, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS) is a professional organization that encompasses the entire range Membership News and of materials and engineering, from minerals processing and primary metals production to basic research and the Communications Lead advanced applications of materials. Graphics Support David Rasel, Publishing Information: Media Manager JOM is an official publication of The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and is owned by the Society. Bob Demmler, TMS has granted Springer the exclusive right and license to produce, publish, archive, translate, and sell JOM Graphic Designer throughout the world. Publication Frequency: 12 issues per year. Advertising Springer, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY, 10013-1578, USA Contact [email protected] JOM articles from 1949 to the present are archived at http://link.springer.com/journal/volumesAndIssues/11837. for information. Secure Copyright Permission: Submit permission requests at http://www.springer.com/rights?SGWID=0-122-12-372399-0 Postmaster: Send address changes to: JOM, Springer, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA. Periodicals postage paid at New York, NY and additional mailing offices. REGISTER TODAY! Sponsoring Societies:

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www.safetycongress.org Table of Contents

JOM, Vol. 72, No. 3, 2020 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-020-04061-3 Ó 2020 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society LQWKHÀQDODQDO\VLV JO “Our latest report shows the continued spread of S&E capacity across the globe, Volume 72 which is good for humanity because science is not a zero-sum game. However, it also means that where once the U.S. was the uncontested leader in S&E, we now Number 3 are playing a less dominant role in many areas.” — National Science Board Chair Diane Souvaine March 2020

Every two years, the National Science Board and the National Science Foundation issue The State of U.S. Science and Engineering. The report is submitted to the U.S. President and U.S. Congress, presumably to help all parties be wiser and better educated in their deliberations and decision-making. The program’s origins trace back to 1863 during the U.S. Civil War, so notch another moment of exceptionalism from the remarkable presidency of Abraham Lincoln. And lest we forget, Lincoln signed into law the legislation establishing the National Academy of Sciences during the same year. More that 150 years later, the 2020 report is concisely written and employs plentiful graphs to describe trends in U.S. science and engineering and show how it is positioned in relation to other countries. The report is divided into six topical areas. I’ll spare you my “clever” summarizations and instead give you a few direct quotes from the summaries of each: • Global Education: “U.S. eighth graders rank in the middle of advanced economies in international mathematics and science assessments, and U.S. national assessments of mathematics show little to no growth in scores over the past decade. The United States James J. Robinson Executive Director awards the most S&E doctoral degrees of any single country and receives the largest number of internationally mobile students.” @JJRofTMS • Science and Engineering Workforce: “Workers employing S&E and technological expertise in their occupations experience better labor market outcomes than those in many other types of jobs. Women and certain racial and ethnic groups—blacks, Hispanics, and American Indians or Alaska Natives—are underrepresented in S&E. However, their total numbers in S&E occupations have increased. Foreign-born individuals account for a considerable share of S&E employment, particularly among workers with graduate degrees.” • Global R&D: “The United States spent more on R&D than did any other country in 2017. However, its global share since 2000 fell as R&D spending rose in many Asian countries, especially China.” • R&D Performance and Funding: “Businesses perform and fund most of the overall R&D in the United States as well as most of the applied research and experimental development. Higher education is the second-largest performer of R&D and performs the largest share of basic research; the federal government is the second-largest funder of R&D and funds the largest share of basic research.” Science and Engineering Indicators 2020: The • Global Science and Technology Capabilities: “The 28 nations that make up the EU State of U.S. Science and collectively have the highest output of S&E publications globally. China’s S&E Engineering. Image credit: publication output ranks next, followed by the United States. The citation impact of P. Roushan\Martinis lab\UC China’s publications is rising rapidly.” Santa Barbara. • Invention, Innovation, and Perceptions of Science: “Inventors from China, Japan, and South Korea receive the majority of patents for unique inventions across all countries and regions, based on patent family statistics. Engineering-related inventions made up more than half of all these global patent families in 2018.…Overall, Americans view S&T positively. Most Americans believe that science creates more opportunities for the next JHQHUDWLRQDQGWKDWWKHIHGHUDOJRYHUQPHQWVKRXOGSURYLGHIXQGVIRUVFLHQWL¿FUHVHDUFK However, a considerable share also think that science makes life change too fast.” I suspect that whether the speed of change is too fast or too slow likely has a lot to do with the location of the observer, and as the report makes clear, the locations of those observers is undergoing considerable change. 979 Table of Contents

JOM, Vol. 72, No. 3, 2020 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-020-04062-2 Ó 2020 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy JO Welcomes New Editor; TMS Renames Award themagazine membermember newsnews Share the gog od news abouo t yoy urr proffessional accomplishhmem ntts! Contactc Kaitlin Calva, JOM Magazine Managingg Editor, at [email protected]. PlP easee noto e that only newsw subbmitted byy current TMS members will be consideredd.

Morita Named Journal Co-Editor-in-Chief Kazuki Morita, professor at The at The University of Tokyo, Morita University of Tokyo, has joined Bart previously served as the head of the Blanpain, KU Leuven, and Department of Materials Engineering Uday Pal, Boston University, as and as both the deputy director and co-editor-in-chief of the Journal director of the International Research of Sustainable Metallurgy. He Center for Sustainable Materials– replaces founding co-editor-in- Institute of Industrial Science. Morita chief Shin-ya Kitamura, Tohoku is also currently a guest professor at University, who retired at the Kinming University of Science and HQGRIDIWHU¿YH\HDUVRI Technology and Sichuan University, and service. a visiting professor at Akita University. Morita’s research interests He has been a TMS member for more include high-temperature than 20 years. physical chemistry, extractive The Journal of Sustainable metallurgy, chemical Metallurgy is a quarterly publication equilibrium, isotope exchange, dedicated to presenting metallurgical and environmental engineering. processes and related research aimed at His Materials Production and improving the sustainability of metal- Recycling Engineering Lab is working producing industries, with an emphasismph toward establishing an environmentally on materials recovery, reuse, andndd friendly society by developing their recycling. The journal has been accepted production and recycling processes IRULQGH[LQJDQGZLOOJHWLWV¿UVW,PSDFW of elementary materials, such as steel Factor in 2020. TMS members can log and silicon, together with by-product in at www.tms.org/Journals to begin treatment. reading for free, and to learn how to Correction In addition to his faculty position submit a paper for an upcoming issue. JOMM staff apologizes for the misspelling of Petra Maier’s TMS Updates Name of Society Award name in the February At its December 2019 meeting, the TMS SXUSRVHR൵HULQJDQDZDUGWKDWVSHFL¿FDOO\ 2020 article, “A Mark Board of Directors approved a proposal recognizes industrial achievement will of Excellence: The to change the name of the Application demonstrate the value of industry and 2020 TMS Award to Practice Award to the Research to commercial accomplishments in materials Industrial Practice Award, beginning science and engineering. The selection Recipients.” Maier with the 2021 award. criteria for the award also remain the same. is a recipient of the The intent of the award is still To apply for the newly named 2020 Light Metals to recognize an individual who has honor, completed nomination forms Division Magnesium demonstrated outstanding achievement in and accompanying materials should be Technology Best WUDQVIHUULQJUHVHDUFKUHVXOWVRU¿QGLQJV submitted by April 1, 2020, to Paper Award – into commercial production and practical [email protected]. More details on Application. use. By changing the name, the award preparing a nomination packet can be will now align more closely with its found at awards.tms.org. 980 Table of Contents

JOM, Vol. 72, No. 3, 2020 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-020-04063-1 Ó 2020 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society In Case You Missed It: Business News from the Field

J Industry Giants Forge O Solar Cell Growth Surprises themagazine Essar Steel’s Future Materials Scientists Luxembourg City, Luxembourg: Golden, Colorado, USA: Scientists at ArcelorMittal SA, the world’s largest the National Renewable Energy Laboratory steelmaker, completed the acquisition (NREL) achieved a technological of debt-ridden Essar Steel India Ltd., a breakthrough for III-V solar cells by carbon-steel manufacturer headquartered demonstrating growth using a common in Mumbai. The transaction marked technique that had yet to succeed for those the end of Essar’s corporate insolvency compounds. The scientists successfully Do you have business resolution process that lasted more than integrated an aluminum source into their 800 days. Essar Steel is now jointly owned orr industry news of hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) and operated by ArcelorMittal and Nippon reactor, then grew the semiconductors interest to the minerals, Steel Corporation, the world’s third aluminum indium phosphide (AlInP) and metals, and matteerials largest steel producer, with ArcelorMittal aluminum gallium indium phosphide holding 60% of the venture. ArcelorMittal $O*D,Q3 IRUWKH¿UVWWLPHE\WKLV community?y? Subbmit had been seeking to expand in India for WHFKQLTXH7KHVHH൵RUWVVHHNWRUHGXFHWKH yoy urr announcement over a decade. high cost of III-V solar cells, which are commonly used for space applications. orr press releasee to Fura Gems Acquires Australian Mine Bentley Eyes Solid-State KaK itliin CaC lva,a Toronto, Canada: Fura Gems Inc. Batteries to Power EVs JOJ M Magazine purchased the Capricorn sapphire project Crewe, United Kingdom:: Luxury Maanan giingg Edid toor,r at in Queensland, Australia, from Richland carmaker Bentley Motors Ltd. is looking Resources Ltd. for U.S. $1.25 million. to use solid-state batteries for its electric kcallva@@tmsm .orgg foror The project includes two mining permits vehicles (EVs) instead of the current consideration. and three mining licenses. The acquisition lithium-ion batteries used in the majority makes Fura the only public gemstone RI(9V%HQWOH\HVWLPDWHVLWV¿UVWIXOO\ mining and marketing company in the battery-electric vehicle to arrive in 2025. world to hold assets in all three colored 6ROLGVWDWHEDWWHULHVR൵HUWKHDGYDQWDJHVRI gemstones: being smaller, more lightweight, and less emerald, ruby, ÀDPPDEOH2WKHUDXWRPDNHUVZRUNLQJRQ and sapphire. solid-state batteries include Ford, BMW, Fura is also in and Hyundai. the process of McDermott Files for Bankruptcy adding ruby Houston, Texas, USA: McDermott prospecting ,QWHUQDWLRQDO,QF¿OHGIRUSURWHFWLRQXQGHU licenses and Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code concessions in in January. The engineering company that Mozambique. builds oil platforms and gas-export plants IRUHQHUJ\¿UPVSODQVWRUHVWUXFWXUHLWV operations with the help of creditors. By reorganizing and generating cash from operations, McDermott aims to return to normal and strengthen its position in the long run. After considering the sale of High Point, North Carolina, USA:: Amada America completed the build out Lummus Technology, its business licensing of a new sheet metal manufacturing facility in High Point, North Carolina. The new construction stretches more than 261,700 square feet to include proprietary petrochemical technology, a manufacturing facility, a technical building, and administrative offices, and McDermott agreed to enter into a joint will generate approximately 200 jobs in the region. The first products to be partnership with The Chatterjee Group assembled are Amada’s HRB series of press brakes and automation systems. and Rhône Group to divest Lummus (Rendering courtesy of Gray Construction.) Technology for $2.73 billion. 981 Table of Contents

JOM, Vol. 72, No. 3, 2020 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-020-04064-0 Ó 2020 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society

A Simple Plan Revisited: 2019 TMS

James C. Foley President James Foley Editor’s Note: James Foley completed his term as TMS President at the TMS 2020 Annual Meeting & Exhibition, February Talks With 23–27, 2020, in San Diego, California. JOM invited him to reflect on his experiences JOM as president, as well as his hopes for the future of TMS. When I began my tenure as TMS President, we had just announced a new 2018 STEM Inclusion Study, funded by strategic plan for the Society—TMS the National Science Foundation (NSF). Aspires—which painted a picture of what ,DORQJZLWKVHYHUDORWKHUUHSUHVHQWDWLYHV our ideal professional community would from TMS and 15 or so additional science look like. At the same time, I announced and engineering organizations, spent a James C. Foley some aspirations of my own: a simple, day discussing and brainstorming how ¿YHVWHSSODQIRUDVXFFHVVIXO\HDU/HW¶V we can all better promote equality and see how we did on both fronts. inclusion among the STEM communities “…more and  )LUVWIURPD6RFLHW\ZLGHSHUVSHFWLYH represented by our memberships. TMS the TMS Aspires plan consisted of three was the only materials professional society more people are RYHUDUFKLQJJRDOV that participated in this groundbreaking DVVHVVPHQWRIGLYHUVHJURXSVLQWKH67(0 recognizing the Goal 1: TMS aspires to be a workplace, and many of the ideas they highly inclusive society where value of presenting discussed are now being explored and all materials students and GHYHORSHGPRUHIXOO\WKURXJKWKH706 at and attending professionals feel welcome and 'LYHUVLW\&RPPLWWHH diversity is celebrated. TMS meetings.” One example of how we worked Goal 2: TMS aspires to be the —James C. Foley toward this goal was attending the STEM place where global materials Inclusion Study Best Practices Workshop practitioners come together in Washington, D.C., last summer. This and participate in vibrant workshop was based on the results of the annual meetings, specialty conferences, courses, student activities, and other events. We made great strides on this front, both with some of our bigger conferences and our smaller specialty meetings. The TMS 2020 Annual Meeting & Exhibition (TMS2020) attracted a record number of abstracts—surpassing 5,000 abstract VXEPLVVLRQVIRUWKH¿UVWWLPHLQ706 history—while our upcoming fall meeting, Materials Science & Technology 2020

Foley presented Kevin Hemker, right, with a gift for his service as 2018 TMS President during TMS2019, when Foley officially began his presidential term.

982 Table of Contents

A Simple Plan Revisited: 2019 TMS President James Foley Talks With JOM 983

(MS&T20), will be hosting roughly 100 V\PSRVLD²DLQFUHDVHRYHUSUHYLRXV \HDUV$QG,NQRZWKDWELJJHUGRHVQ¶W always mean better, but in this case, it does mean that more and more people are UHFRJQL]LQJWKHYDOXHRISUHVHQWLQJDWDQG attending TMS meetings. ,QDGGLWLRQZHPRYHGIRUZDUGZLWK VHYHUDOFROODERUDWLRQVZLWKSDUWQHULQJ societies. This included participating LQWKH¿UVW0DWHULDOVLQ1XFOHDU(QHUJ\ Systems (MiNES) conference, which was hosted by the American Nuclear Society in 2019 and will be hosted by TMS in 2021, and signing a new agreement with the Association for Iron & Steel Technology to jointly plan the 2021 Austenite Formation and Decomposition Conference. TMS is also a lead organizing society for Past, present, and future: TMS leaders gathered together at MS&T19 in the inaugural Congress on Safety in October 2019 in Portland, Oregon. From left to right: Tom Battle, 2020 TMS Engineering and Industry 2020, which President; Jim Robinson, TMS Executive Director; Foley, 2019 TMS President; EULQJVWRJHWKHUWKHSHUVSHFWLYHVDQGWDOHQWV and George T. “Rusty” Gray, 2010 TMS President. RIVHYHQOHDGLQJHQJLQHHULQJVRFLHWLHVDQG the National Academies, with support from  7KDW¶VMXVWDTXLFNORRNDWVRPHRI the United Engineering Foundation. the ways the year stacked up to our aspirational goals as a Society. Now Goal 3: TMS aspires to be KHUH¶VKRZP\RZQSHUVRQDOSODQ the society that envisions, measured up. In my speech last year as defines, and enables the future LQFRPLQJSUHVLGHQW,SURPLVHGWRGR¿YH by gathering and empowering things—and I encouraged all of you to materials experts to scope the DGDSWWKLVVLPSOH¿YHVWHSSODQIRU\RXU “TMS is really future of materials science, own use: engineering, and technology. • Volunteer my time. becoming a leader In 2019, we introduced three new studies. Two of them, Metamorphic • Nominate people for in developing Manufacturing: Shaping the Future of awards and positions. WKHVHLQÀXHQWLDO On-Demand Components and 9HUL¿FDWLRQ • Donate to the TMS technology studies and Validation of Computational Models Foundation. Associated with the Mechanics of • Promote TMS. and getting them MaterialsZHUHDYDLODEOHLQ0DUFKLQ time for the TMS 2019 Annual Meeting • And encourage others to into the hands of & Exhibition, while the third, Creating do the same. people who can the Next-Generation Materials Genome Volunteering my time was easy use them.” Initiative Workforce, was released in enough. There were plenty of Presidential December. duties to keep me busy throughout the —James C. Foley The newest TMS study team is year! currently working on Accelerating the As TMS president, I had plenty %URDG,PSOHPHQWDWLRQRI9HUL¿FDWLRQDQG of opportunities to promote TMS and Validation in Computational Models of the encourage others to do the same. My Mechanics of Materials and/or Structures, WUDYHOVDVDQDPEDVVDGRUIRU706 supported by the NSF and set to be took me to Sweden for the Federation released in August 2020. TMS is really RI(XURSHDQ0DWHULDOV6RFLHWLHV¶ EHFRPLQJDOHDGHULQGHYHORSLQJWKHVH EUROMAT conference, which featured LQÀXHQWLDOWHFKQRORJ\VWXGLHVDQGJHWWLQJ programming organized by TMS; to them into the hands of people who can use Dallas for a Board of Trustees meeting them. of American Institute of Mining, Table of Contents

984 Foley

Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers (AIME); to Portland for MS&T19; and to Washington D.C. for a congressional EULH¿QJRQ0HWDPRUSKLF0DQXIDFWXULQJ WRQDPHDIHZ,¶YHGH¿QLWHO\FKHFNHG those two boxes.  2QDSHUVRQDOOHYHO,was able to “No matter what QRPLQDWHGHVHUYLQJLQGLYLGXDOVIRUVHYHUDO awards and leadership positions within form it takes, I'd 706ZKLFKLVVRPHWKLQJWKDWLVYHU\ encourage each and important to me. But I also got to see the every one of you introduction of three new awards, WKH¿UVW recipients of which were honored at the to continue making TMS2020 Awards Ceremony in February. contributions, in your These were: • Frontiers of Materials own way, according Award to your own plan, in • Young Innovator in the the coming year.” Materials Science of Additive Manufacturing —James C. Foley Award • William D. Nix Award What’s your word? Foley used “community” to describe TMS membership in one word None of these awards would be during a stop at the TMS Member Lounge at possible without the support of the MS&T19 in October 2019. TMS Foundation, and yes, I made my contribution this year. Hopefully, undertaking for the Foundation in 2019 PDQ\RI\RXGLGWKHVDPH$VLJQL¿FDQW was redesigning its website, refreshing its EUDQGDQGPRUHVSHFL¿FDOO\KLJKOLJKWLQJ LWVVWUDWHJLFIRFXV,I\RXKDYHQ¶WDOUHDG\ please check out www.TMSFoundation .org to learn more about how the Foundation supports students and young SURIHVVLRQDOVLQRXU¿HOGLQFOXGLQJDZDUGV OLNHWKHRQHVWKDW,SUHYLRXVO\PHQWLRQHG All in all, I think the Society and I both did a pretty good job of making good on RXUSURPLVHV$QG,¶PVXUHWKDWPRVWRI \RXZLOO¿QGLI\RXORRNEDFNRYHUWKH SDVW\HDUWKDW\RX¶YHFRQWULEXWHGLQVRPH ZD\WRRWRDGYDQFLQJRXU6RFLHW\DQGRXU profession.  0D\EH\RXSURPRWHGDGHVHUYLQJ colleague with an award nomination. Maybe you donated to the future of our profession through the TMS Foundation. Maybe you shared important research at During his year as president, Foley traveled to TMS headquarters in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in July 2019 along with the rest of the Board of one of our conferences or through one of Directors for its annual summer retreat. Pictured, from left to right, is: Cindy our journals. Belt, Extraction & Processing Division Chair; Raymundo Arroyave, Functional  1RPDWWHUZKDWIRUPLWWDNHV,¶G Materials Division; Alexis Lewis, Membership & Student Development HQFRXUDJHHDFKDQGHYHU\RQHRI\RXWR Director; John Howarter, Public & Governmental Affairs Director; Kevin continue making contributions, Hemker, 2018 TMS President; Brad Boyce, Programming Director; James C. Foley, 2019 TMS President; Jim Robinson, TMS Secretary/Executive Director; in your own way, according to JO Mark Stoudt, Materials Processing & Manufacturing Division Chair; and your own plan, in the coming themagazine Michele Manuel, Content Development & Dissemination Director. year. I know I will. Table of Contents

JOM, Vol. 72, No. 3, 2020 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-020-04065-z Ó 2020 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society Building on Discovery: A Preview of 3DMS 2020 Dorte Juul Jensen, Matthew P. Miller, and Lei Zhang

The International Congress on 3D GHYHORSQHZWHFKQLTXHVWHFKQRORJLHVHV Materials Science (3DMS 2020) will meet DQGPRGHOV3OHQDU\WDONVZLOOIHDWXUHUH IRULWVPLOHVWRQH¿IWKLWHUDWLRQRQ-XQH three experts: Jaafar El-Awady-RKQVKQV ±-XO\LQ:DVKLQJWRQ'& +RSNLQV8QLYHUVLW\ZLWK³$FRXVWLF This renowned conference has helped to (PLVVLRQ0HDVXUHPHQWVRI'DPDJH VWHDGLO\DGYDQFH'PDWHULDOVVFLHQFH $FFXPXODWLRQDQG&UDFN,QLWLDWLRQLQQ DQGPHWKRGGHYHORSPHQWVLQFHLWZDV¿UVW 0HWDOVDWWKH0LFURQVFDOH´Satoshii KHOGLQ7KLVVXPPHUWKHPHHWLQJ Hata.\XVKX8QLYHUVLW\ZLWK³7RZDUGZDUG SURPLVHVWREXLOGXSRQLWVHLJKW\HDUVRI '\QDPLF'9LVXDOL]DWLRQRI'LVORFDWLRQVDWLRQVQ  GLVFRYHULHVDQGLQFUHDVHDEXUJHRQLQJ E\(OHFWURQ7RPRJUDSK\´DQGHelena network of researchers and practitioners Van Swygenhoven3DXO6FKHUUHU,QVWLWXWHXWH ZKRDUHH[DPLQLQJ'PLFURVWUXFWXUHVRI DQG6ZLVV)HGHUDO,QVWLWXWHRI7HFKQRORJ\\ PDWHULDOVDQGDUHGHYHORSLQJDVVRFLDWHG /DXVDQQHZLWK³Operando and In Situ WHFKQRORJLHVDQGPHWKRGV 6\QFKURWURQ([SHULPHQWV)ROORZLQJ 0LFURVWUXFWXUDO(YROXWLRQV´7KHWHFKQLFDOFDO Contributions of 3DMS SURJUDPDOVRKLJKOLJKWVLQYLWHGVSHDNHUV to the Field IURP&KLQD'HQPDUN)UDQFH*HUPDQ\  7KH¿HOGKDVJUHDWO\DGYDQFHGVLQFH -DSDQDQGWKH86 WKHFRQJUHVV¿UVWPHW%\QRZLWLV  $WWHQGHHVZLOO¿QGWUHPHQGRXVYDOXH ZLGHO\DFFHSWHGWKDW'FKDUDFWHUL]DWLRQ LQPDNLQJQHZDFTXDLQWDQFHV LVJHQHUDOO\QHHGHGDV'PHWKRGVPD\ and reconnecting with other OHDGWRLQVX൶FLHQWDQGHYHQPLVOHDGLQJ VFLHQWLVWVUHVHDUFKHUVDQG LQIRUPDWLRQ6HYHUDO'PHWKRGVDQG engineers interested in 3D WKHDVVRFLDWHGGDWDDQDO\VLVWRROVKDYH materials science and 3D method PDWXUHGDQGDUHXVHUIULHQGO\9DULRXV GHYHORSPHQW:HH[SHFWPRUH material properties can be predicted in WKDQDWWHQGHHVDW'06 WHUPVRIGLJLWDOL]HGUHDO'VWUXFWXUHRI VRWKHSRWHQWLDOWRHVWDEOLVK PDWHULDOVE\FRPELQLQJVLPXODWLRQDQG QHZFROODERUDWLRQVLVJUHDW(YHU\ Register Now for GL൵HUHQWFRQVWLWXWLYHUHODWLRQV,WLVDOVR WZR\HDUVWKHFRQJUHVVLQVSLUHV VKRZQWKDW'GDWDREWDLQHGE\QRQ materials researchers to create 3DMS 2020 GHVWUXFWLYHPHWKRGVRIWHQXVLQJLQVLWX and implement 3D methods and June 28–July 1, 2020 FDSDELOLWLHVDWYDULRXVVDPSOHFRQGLWLRQV WKHUHE\JURZDQLQWHUQDWLRQDO Hyatt Regency Washington IRUH[DPSOHDWGL൵HUHQWWLPHVGXULQJ FRPPXQLW\ DQQHDOLQJRUSODVWLFLW\ DUHEHFRPLQJ  :KDWVHWV'06DSDUW on Capitol Hill, HVVHQWLDODVLQSXWWRDQGYDOLGDWLRQRI from other similar meetings is Washington, D.C., USA YDULRXVVLPXODWLRQWRROV LWVIRFXVRQFKDUDFWHUL]DWLRQ Increase your knowledge about the  7KHVHDGYDQFHPHQWVZLOOFRQWLQXH :LWKLQDOODUHDVRIWKHPDWHULDOV latest advances in 3D materials WKURXJKGLVFXVVLRQVDW'067RSLFV VFLHQFH¿HOGWKHSRVVLELOLW\WR science while expanding your ZLOOVSDQ'FKDUDFWHUL]DWLRQYLVXDOL]DWLRQ GRFKDUDFWHUL]DWLRQLQ'LVD connections in this quickly evolving TXDQWLWDWLYHDQDO\VLVPRGHOLQJDQG YHU\LPSRUWDQWVWHSIRUZDUG field. For cost-savings, register by GHYHORSPHQWRIVWUXFWXUHSURSHUW\ $W'06DGYDQFHG' the discount deadline of May 18. UHODWLRQVKLSVDORQJZLWKWKHDVVRFLDWHG FKDUDFWHUL]DWLRQWRROVZLWKEHWWHU Note that the housing deadline to LVVXHVRIELJGDWDDQGPDFKLQHOHDUQLQJ VSDWLDODQGWHPSRUDOUHVROXWLRQV book the group rate at the Hyatt and new mathematical tools will is June 5. Don’t miss it— Highlights of 3DMS 2020 EHSUHVHQWHG$QHPSKDVLVLV reserve your spot today. Visit  7KHSODQQHGWHFKQLFDOVHVVLRQVKDYH SODFHGRQVLPXODWLRQRIPDWHULDO www.tms.org/3DMS2020 for been designed to showcase the broad EHKDYLRUGXULQJSURFHVVLQJRU additional information and to register. work that researchers are doing to SHUIRUPDQFHFRQGLWLRQV7KLV 985 Table of Contents

986 Jensen, Miller, and Zhang

DUHDLVXQGHUJRLQJDGUDVWLFHYROXWLRQ The Continuing Impact SRZHUHGE\'FKDUDFWHUL]DWLRQGDWD of 3DMS PDWHULDOPRGHOVDUHEHLQJXVHGIRUWKH  /RRNLQJIRUZDUGLWZLOOEHLPSRUWDQW ¿UVWWLPHWRDFWXDOO\SUHGLFWSURSHUWLHVDQG WRIRFXVRXUZRUNRQWKHIXOO' SHUIRUPDQFHLQFOXGLQJWKHOLIHWLPHVRIUHDO LQIRUPDWLRQ,WLVDQHPHUJLQJWUHQGWKDW LQGXVWULDOPDWHULDOV$QHPHUJLQJFDSDELOLW\ PDFKLQHOHDUQLQJFDQERRVWVLPXODWLRQV LVREWDLQLQJ'FKDUDFWHUL]DWLRQGDWD ZLWKDEXQGDQWELJGDWDSURGXFHGE\ G\QDPLFDOO\GXULQJSURFHVVHVUHODWHGWR WKHGLJLWDOL]HGPRGHORIUHDOPDWHULDOV DGGLWLYHPDQXIDFWXULQJ0DFKLQHOHDUQLQJ ZLWK'RYHUDOOFRQ¿JXUDWLRQRISKDVHV and other data science methodologies will JUDLQVLQWHUQDOGHIHFWVFRPSRVLWH JUHDWO\HQKDQFHRXUDELOLW\WRH[DPLQH VWUXFWXUHVHWF2QO\E\XVLQJWKHIXOO GLJHVWDQGXQGHUVWDQGWKHVHLQFUHGLEO\ULFK 'LQIRUPDWLRQDFRUUHFWLPDJHFDQEH GDWDVHWVLQZD\VWKDWFDQEHPRVWXVHIXOWR REWDLQHG SURFHVVDQGXOWLPDWHO\WRSURGXFWGHVLJQ  7KHDSSOLFDWLRQVRI'DUHLQFUHDVLQJO\ FRYHULQJDOODVSHFWVIURPEDVLFEOXH VN\UHVHDUFKWRSUDFWLFDOLQGXVWULDO The Value of 3DMS 2020 DSSOLFDWLRQV:HFRQVLGHULWRILPSRUWDQFH Dorte Juul Jensen, Technical University WRDGYDQFHWKHRQJRLQJUHVHDUFKZLWKD of Denmark: “For me, the 3DMS congress 'IRFXVEXWDOVRWRDSSO\WKHPHWKRGV series is outstanding and a must to attend, HYHQPRUHEURDGO\:HH[SHFWWRVHH as it is the cornerstone in building a new PRUH'WRROVEHLQJGHYHORSHGIRUXVH community within materials science. This LQWKHKRPHODERUDWRULHVWRVXSSOHPHQW community has grown significantly over WKHPRUHDGYDQFHGH[SHULPHQWVDWODUJH LQWHUQDWLRQDOIDFLOLWLHV$OWRJHWKHUWKLV the years, and it is enlightening that such ZLOOFRQWULEXWHWRLPSURYLQJVLPXODWLRQ a broad and cross-disciplinary ‘team’ WRROVDQGSUHGLFWLYHFDSDELOLWLHVLQWKH has built up. Without the various skills, DGYDQFHPHQWRIH[LVWLQJPDWHULDOVDQG we would never have been able to move LQWKHGHYHORSPHQWRIQHZPDWHULDOV materials science to 3D.” Dorte Juul Jensen DQGPDQXIDFWXULQJURXWHVLQFOXGLQJ DGGLWLYHPDQXIDFWXULQJ)LQDOO\LWZLOO Lei Zhang, Chinese Academy of EHIDVFLQDWLQJWRGLVFRYHUWKHSRWHQWLDO Sciences: “From my personal point of RIWKHPRVWDGYDQFHGWRROVVXFKDV view, the 3DMS congresses give me incorporating machine learning and deep a good opportunity to meet worldwide OHDUQLQJWHFKQRORJLHV colleagues who have common interests in  6LQFHWKHFRQJUHVVZDVHVWDEOLVKHG promoting the application of 3D techniques 3DMS has been essential to addressing and methodology in materials science VRPHFULWLFDOSUREOHPVLQWKH'VSDFH research.” $GYDQFHPHQWVZLOOFRQWLQXHWKURXJK WKH¿IWKLWHUDWLRQDQGIXWXUHLWHUDWLRQVDV Matthew P. Miller, Cornell University WKHFRPPXQLW\JURZVDQGHQFRXUDJHV and Cornell High Energy Synchrotron WHFKQRORJ\DGYDQFHPHQWVDQGUHVHDUFK Lei Zhang Source: “The most exciting thing for me FROODERUDWLRQV about 3DMS is watching how many of the early 3D experiments—often conducted Dorte Juul Jensen is a professor at the on model materials—have become reliable Technical University of Denmark; Matthew 3D material measurements, capable of Miller is an engineering professor at Cornell University and associate director quantifying the evolving microstructure of the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron of real materials in some of the most Source; and Lei Zhang is a professor at important and challenging real applications the Shenyang National Laboratory for a material can face. In the eight years of Materials Science, Chinese Academy 3DMS, the science has shifted from the of Sciences. Juul Jensen is the chair of characterization probe to the material the 3DMS 2020 organizing itself.” committee, with Miller and JO Zhang both also serving as themagazine Matthew P. Miller congress organizers. Table of Contents

JOM, Vol. 72, No. 3, 2020 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-020-04066-y Ó 2020 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society At the Forefront of Nuclear Materials JO Science with Assel Aitkaliyeva themagazine Kaitlin Calva

“The beauty of nuclear materials science primary research pillars are nuclear fuels, is that the challenges are numerous, but irradiation damage in structural materials you get to stay at the forefront of science,” and waste storage media, and defect youngyoung said Assel Aitkaliyeva, assistant professor engineering in low-dimensional materials,” professionalprofessional in the Department of Materials Science she said. “The JOM paper highlights just and Engineering at the University of one part of our research—small-scale technicaltechnical n notesotes Florida (UF), and co-author of the January mechanical testing and its implementation This occasiona occasionall 2020 JOMM paper, “Towards Bridging the LQWKHQXFOHDU¿HOG2XWRIWKHVPDOOVFDOH feature highlighhtss thee Experimental Length-Scale Gap for Tensile mechanical tests, micro-tensile tests are scientific inteerests s Tests on Structural Materials: Lessons the easiest to analyze, data-wise, and we and prp ofessionnal Learned from an Initial Assessment of evaluate the suitability of this approach for aca coompm lishs mmentn s of a Micro-tensile Tests and Path Forward.” WHVWLQJQXFOHDUPDWHULDOV7KLVLVWKH¿UVW “And I get to destroy materials for a living step of our journey, and we are excited to yoy unng TMTMS mem mbbere in a creative way!” she added. expand the technique to nuclear fuels.” whw o hahas cocontntrir bub ted toto Aitkaliyeva began her undergraduate :KHQUHÀHFWLQJEDFNRQKHUFDUHHU the teechc nicaal contntene t studies at Kazakh State University in and education, Aitkaliyeva expressed her ofof thehe curu reentn issssuee nuclear physics, switching to nuclear gratitude for the many mentors who piqued of JOM as ana authoor,r, engineering for her M.S. and Ph.D. at her interest in science. “My M.S. and Ph.D. advisoor,r or gug ese t editoro . Texas A&M University. “While working advisor Lin Shao encouraged me to strive on my master’s degree, I discovered that I for excellence,” she said, noting that it was Thhe deeveveloopmmene t ofo was passionate about the materials science Shao’s support of her choosing her own thiss feaatuuree is a sppecciaal aspect of the nuclear industry. My earlier projects that led her to her work today. projjece t ofo the TMSS Youungng exposure to physics and engineering Instead of continuing with work that did not PrProfesssis onnala s Commmmiti tet e.e. provided me with a unique perspective and interest her, Aitkaliyeva saw an opportunity FoFor ada diittionnal infnforo mam tit onon I wanted to know how any given material to move to something more compelling— cocontn acct Kaittlilin Calva,a does in a harsh environment.” testing the stability of one-dimensional materials. “Carbon nanotubes fascinated JOOM MaM gag ziinene After earning her Ph.D. and working LQSRVWGRFWRUDODQGVWD൵SRVLWLRQVDW me then,” she said. “My interest in carbon- MaManan gingg Edid tor,r at Idaho National Laboratory, she joined UF based materials was sparked by Mildred kcalva@tmsm .oorg. and formed the MAterials for Nuclear Dresselhaus, the ‘queen of carbon science.’ Advancement and Technology in Extreme I got to meet her at several conferences, and Environments (MANATEE) group. “Our she was (and still is, despite her passing) an example for me.” Beyond her mentors, Aitkaliyeva also recognized the impact that being a TMS member has had on her career. “It provided Assel Aitkaliyeva me with networking opportunities while (left) works in the expanding my knowledge base. Since TMS Nuclear Fuels spans a wide range of topics, it never fails and Materials to educate you on all aspects of materials Characterization Facility at UF science and allows you to look at any with her student problem from multiple points of view,” Tanvi Ajantiwalay she said. To young scientists and engineers (center), lead MXVWVWDUWLQJRXWLQWKH¿HOG$LWNDOL\HYD author on the advised: “Don’t be afraid to step outside January JOM paper, and Nick of your comfort zone! Get engaged with Rudawski (right), a professional society and network. Your support staff. UHVHDUFKZLOOEHQH¿WIURPLW´ 987 Table of Contents

JOM, Vol. 72, No. 3, 2020 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-020-04067-x Ó 2020 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society

Ashley-Anne Bohnert

All TMS Young Professional Awards are meant to prominent TMS members and community leaders. highlight early career individuals at a critical stage in their New in 2020 is the TMS Young Innovator in the careers and provide them with the necessary recognition, Materials Science of Additive Manufacturing Award. The professional development, and networking opportunities to award recognizes an outstanding, early career individual continue their growth as members of the minerals, metals, who is performing innovative research in the area of the and materials community. materials science of additive manufacturing which should In the case of the TMS Young Leaders Professional FOHDUO\OHDGWRDGYDQFHPHQWVLQWKH¿HOG7RSURPRWHWKHLU 'HYHORSPHQW$ZDUGVHDFKRIWKH6RFLHW\¶V¿YHWHFKQLFDO SUR¿OHDQGFDUHHUJURZWKUHFLSLHQWVGHOLYHUDQDZDUG divisions selects recipients based on their exceptional lecture during the popular Additive Manufacturing Joint promise as materials science and engineering professionals. Keynote Session held during the TMS Annual Meeting & $ZDUGHHVUHFHLYH¿QDQFLDODVVLVWDQFHWRDWWHQGWKH706 Exhibition. Annual Meeting & Exhibition where they serve as judges Each of the Young Leaders introduced in this article for student events and attend committee, division council, received their awards at the TMS 2020 Annual Meeting and TMS Board of Directors meetings. As a result, & Exhibition (TMS2020), held from February 23–27, in UHFLSLHQWVJDLQ¿UVWKDQGH[SHULHQFHZLWKWKH6RFLHW\¶V San Diego, California. Join us at TMS2021 in Orlando to many voluntary leadership roles while networking with celebrate the next class of TMS Young Leaders.

Secure a Strong Future for Your Profession The Young Leaders Professional Development Awards highlighted in this article are made possible through the TMS Foundation, which supports students and young professionals with meaningful financial assistance and impactful career-building experiences. In providing these opportunities to early-career professionals, the TMS Foundation helps ensure a strong future for the minerals, metals, and materials community. You can be a part of this important work by contributing to the TMS Foundation and supporting its mission. Visit www.TMSFoundation.org to learn more about the Foundation and to make an online donation. For questions or to talk to TMS Foundation staff personally, contact [email protected] or call 1-724-776-9000.

988 Table of Contents

A Mark of Exceptional Promise: The 2020 TMS Young Leaders 989

Young Innovator in the Materials Science of Additive Manufacturing Douglas Hofmann fostered, research collaborations have Douglas Hofmann is a principal been forged, industry connections have at NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory been made, and where I am able to track (JPL) as well as a founding member the amazing progress in metallurgy from of the JPL Materials Development and my peers. It is impossible to overstate Manufacturing Technology Group and the importance of how the personal the JPL Metallurgy Facility. He also relationships made through TMS have serves as a visiting associate and lecturer D൵HFWHGP\FDUHHUDQG,DPLQGHEWHGWR in materials science and applied physics those TMS members who have helped me at the California Institute of Technology along the way.” (Caltech). During TMS2020, he  ,QDGGLWLRQWREHLQJQDPHGWKH¿UVW delivered his award lecture titled, Young Innovator in the Materials Science of Additive Manufacturing, Hofmann has “Innovation in Additive Manufacturing: Douglas Hofmann A Perspective on an Early Career in received many awards for his research, Metal Alloy Development.” most notably the 2014 Presidential Early Hofmann has a B.S. and M.S. in Career Award for Scientists and Engineers mechanical engineering from the for his work in the development of University of California, San Diego, metallic glass metal matrix composites. and an M.S. and Ph.D. in materials science from Caltech. He notes that, “It is impossible to overstate the importance of how the personal “My TMS membership has been the constant in my research career, spanning UHODWLRQVKLSVPDGHWKURXJK706KDYHD௺HFWHGP\FDUHHUDQG from when I was a graduate student to I am indebted to those TMS members who have helped me today. The TMS annual meeting is the DORQJWKHZD\´ event I look forward to the most each year. Over the years, it has been a place —Douglas Hofmann where friendships have been made and

2020 Young Leaders Professional Development Award Recipients EXTRACTION & PROCESSING DIVISION (EPD)

Gisele Azimi will continue to be an active member of Gisele Azimi is an associate TMS.” SURIHVVRUFURVVDSSRLQWHGEHWZHHQWKH Azimi’s research focuses on achieving Departments of Chemical Engineering a sustainable future and mitigating & Applied Chemistry and Materials WKHDGYHUVHH൵HFWVRIFOLPDWHFKDQJH Science & Engineering at the University through advanced recycling, industrial of Toronto. Azimi has been an active solid waste reduction, development volunteer with TMS, serving as the lead of innovative materials with unique organizer of the Rare Metal Extraction & properties, and energy storage. She Processing symposium and as chair of the received her Ph.D. from the Department Hydrometallurgy and Electrometallurgy of Chemical Engineering and Applied Committee under the EPD. “Being part Chemistry at the University of Toronto of TMS, EPD, and the Hydrometallurgy in 2010 and completed two postdoctoral Gisele Azimi and Electrometallurgy Committee has appointments at the Massachusetts provided me with the great opportunity to Institute of Technology. She is a PHHWZLWKP\SHHUVLQRXU¿HOGDQGEHDW registered professional engineer and has WKHIRUHIURQWRIOHDGLQJHGJHUHVHDUFKLQ received a number of awards, including our community,” observes Azimi. “I am the TMS LMD/EPD Subject Award – thankful for receiving this award and I Recycling. Table of Contents

990 Bohnert

Hong Peng  3HQJQRWHGWKHVLJQL¿FDQWLPSDFW “It is a great honor to receive the 2020 volunteering with TMS has had on his TMS EPD Young Leaders Professional career, remarking, “TMS membership Development Award,” remarked Peng, an has provided me with opportunities Amplify Research Fellow at the School to make important contacts among of Chemical Engineering, University of TMS leaders and work with prominent Queensland (UQ). His research covers members by being a JOM advisor the synthesis of environmental functional for special issues and participating in materials from mine waste and tailings, technical committee meetings. I have and investigation of nucleation and DOVREHQH¿WWHGIURPSUHVHQWLQJP\ZRUN crystal growth in hydrometallurgy process and communicating with experts in my WKURXJKLQVLWXIDFLOLWLHVDQGPROHFXODU ¿HOGIURPLQVWLWXWHVDQGLQGXVWU\´ Hong Peng simulation. Prior to his current position, he worked at the UQ–Rio Tinto Bauxite “TMS membership has provided me with opportunities to and Alumina Technology Centre as the Advance Queensland Research Fellow make important contacts among TMS leaders and work with DQGLQDQLQGXVWU\IXQGHGSRVWGRFWRUDO SURPLQHQWPHPEHUVE\EHLQJDJOM advisor for special issues position after receiving his Ph.D. in DQGSDUWLFLSDWLQJLQWHFKQLFDOFRPPLWWHHPHHWLQJV´ chemical engineering at UQ. —Hong Peng

FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS DIVISION (FMD)

Aurélien Perron is a wonderful opportunity to continue Aurélien Perron is a materials scientist my journey within TMS, make important and the Actinide and Lanthanide Science contacts with TMS leaders, network with Deputy Group Leader in the Materials prominent Society members, and become Science Division of the Physical and Life better acquainted with the business of Sciences Directorate at the Lawrence FMD. Finally, this award will allow me Livermore National Laboratory to give back to the TMS community by (LLNL). His research has focused on assisting student contest activities and alloy phase stability, kinetics of phase reinforcing my engagement in technical transformation, and alloy design using committees.” PROHFXODUG\QDPLFVLPXODWLRQVSKDVH Perron received his Ph.D. in physical ¿HOGPRGHOLQJDQGPDLQO\&$/3+$' chemistry from the University of Aurélien Perron methodology. Burgundy, France, and worked for the “As soon as I became a TMS )UHQFK1DWLRQDO&HQWUHIRU6FLHQWL¿F member, I felt that I was joining a warm, Research and the French Alternative RSHQPLQGHGDQGGHGLFDWHGFRPPXQLW\ Energies and Atomic Energy Commission ZLWKZRUOGFODVVH[SHUWLVHLQPDWHULDOV before joining LLNL. He has numerous science focused on doing its best in publications and delivered over 77 science through the mentoring, inclusion, presentations and has been actively ZHOOEHLQJDQGGHYHORSPHQWRILWV involved in TMS committees and members,” Perron observed. “This award symposia.

“As soon as I became a TMS member, I felt that I was joining a warm, open-minded, and dedicated FRPPXQLW\ZLWKZRUOGFODVVH[SHUWLVHLQPDWHULDOVVFLHQFHIRFXVHGRQGRLQJLWVEHVWLQVFLHQFHWKURXJKWKH PHQWRULQJLQFOXVLRQZHOOEHLQJDQGGHYHORSPHQWRILWVPHPEHUV´ — Aurélien Perron Table of Contents

A Mark of Exceptional Promise: The 2020 TMS Young Leaders 991

Jayakanth Ravichandran challenges, especially working with “I am both grateful and honored other members of the FMD,” stated to receive the FMD Young Leaders Ravichandran. “This award is an important Professional Development Award,” encouragement for me to work towards remarked Jayakanth Ravichandran, an P\ORQJWHUPFDUHHUJRDOVDQG,DSSUHFLDWH assistant professor in the Mork Family this acknowledgement from TMS.” Department of Chemical Engineering Ravichandran received his Ph.D. from and Materials Science with courtesy the University of California, Berkeley appointment in Ming Hsieh Department in 2011 after which he performed of Electrical and Computer Engineering at postdoctoral research at Columbia the University of Southern California. University and Harvard University before “As a premier avenue to network and taking up his current position. His research interests are in materials design, synthesis, interact with materials scientists and Jayakanth Ravichandran engineers, this award will help me get characterization, and physical properties of more involved with the activities of TMS. complex materials for electronic, photonic, I look forward to new opportunities and and energy applications. LIGHT METALS DIVISION (LMD)

Abdallah Elsayed 10 years ago.” He added that, Abdallah Elsayed is currently an ³,LPPHGLDWHO\UHFRJQL]HGWKHEHQH¿WV assistant professor with the School of RIEHLQJD൶OLDWHGZLWKDSURIHVVLRQDO Engineering at the University of Guelph. society composed of passionate and Elsayed completed his undergraduate, talented members who contribute to masters, and Ph.D. degrees in mechanical the dissemination of research related to engineering at Ryerson University with a materials discovery through journals and research focus on light metals (aluminum conference presentations. Their knowledge DQGPDJQHVLXP FDVWLQJVROLGL¿FDWLRQDQG helped me further my own research and characterization. He has participated in two advance my career. I look forward to research exchanges at the Indian Institute continuing my fruitful association with of Technology–Madras, investigating new TMS and to contributing to the TMS JUDLQUH¿QHUVIRUPDJQHVLXPDOOR\VDQG Foundation as a Young Leader.” Abdallah Elsayed has also collaborated with the Canadian His current research focus is on casting Neutron Beam Centre to examine the of aluminum and magnesium alloys for VROLGL¿FDWLRQRIDOXPLQXPDQGPDJQHVLXP the automotive and aerospace industries. DOOR\VXVLQJLQVLWXQHXWURQGL൵UDFWLRQ +HKDVDXWKRUHGRYHUSHHUUHYLHZHG Elsayed has long been involved with publications, a book chapter, and 706DQG¿UVWMRLQHG³DVDVWXGHQWXQGHU numerous conference proceedings and the Material Advantage program more than presentations.

³,LPPHGLDWHO\UHFRJQL]HGWKHEHQH¿WVRIEHLQJD௻OLDWHGZLWKDSURIHVVLRQDO VRFLHW\FRPSRVHGRISDVVLRQDWHDQGWDOHQWHGPHPEHUVZKRFRQWULEXWHWRWKH GLVVHPLQDWLRQRIUHVHDUFKUHODWHGWRPDWHULDOVGLVFRYHU\WKURXJKMRXUQDOVDQG FRQIHUHQFHSUHVHQWDWLRQV´ — Abdallah Elsayed

Julien Lauzon-Gauthier my work in JOM and the Light Metals  -XOLHQ/DX]RQ*DXWKLHULVDUHVHDUFK proceedings. Attending annual meetings engineer in the Aluminum Center of also allowed me to interact with other Excellence at Alcoa. He is a chemical researchers, colleagues, and suppliers engineer and holds an M.Sc. and Ph.D. that helped to broaden my knowledge in multivariate statistics and machine and my network. I realize now that this vision. “Over the years, TMS events and is very valuable in my role as a research publications have allowed me to share HQJLQHHU´/DX]RQ*DXWKLHUQRWHGRIKLV Julien Lauzon-Gauthier Table of Contents

992 Bohnert

involvement in TMS thus far. Looking PDQXIDFWXULQJSURFHVVWKHQGL൵HUHQW ahead, he added “I am honored to process engineer roles at Alcoa led him to receive this award and look forward to his current position in carbon R&D. What this opportunity to step up and be more he enjoys most about his current role is the involved in the TMS committees.” opportunity to support the work of several  /DX]RQ*DXWKLHUKDVDSDVVLRQIRU graduate students and collaborate with learning and understanding new concepts diverse teams across Alcoa to implement and then sharing them with others. His new technologies and provide technical SRVWJUDGXDWHZRUNIRFXVHGRQWKHFDUERQ support. MATERIALS PROCESSING & MANUFACTURING DIVISION (MPMD)

Damien Tourret phase transformations during processing of “I am honored by this recognition metals and alloys. and grateful to the TMS Foundation for  ³,JUHDWO\DSSUHFLDWHWKHSRVLWLYHH൵HFW supporting the growth of young scientists that being a TMS member has already and engineers,” said Damien Tourret, had on my professional development,” DUHVHDUFKHU0DULH6NáRGRZVND&XULH observed Tourret. “Annual meetings Fellow, and head of the Modeling and have allowed me to meet collaborators, Simulation of Materials Processing Group mentors, and distinguished experts in and at IMDEA Materials Institute in Spain. EH\RQGP\¿HOG7KHEUHDGWKRIDYDLODEOH Tourret received his M.Sc. in mechanical YROXQWHHULQJRSSRUWXQLWLHVR൵HUVHYHU\ engineering from l’Institut National des member a platform to learn and develop Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse and his their technical and leadership skills. I am Damien Tourret Ph.D. in materials science and engineering proud to be member of a society that is from MINES ParisTech. His main research championing diversity.” interests revolve around linking materials Tourret is a member of TMS processing routes to microstructures and 6ROLGL¿FDWLRQ&RPPLWWHHDQGVHUYHVRQ properties, with a particular emphasis on the review board of Metallurgical and PXOWLVFDOHPRGHOLQJRIVROLGL¿FDWLRQDQG Materials Transactions A.

Somayeh Pasebani as recognition by her peers and leaders Somayeh Pasebani joined the School of LQKHU¿HOGWKDWSURYLGHVHQFRXUDJHPHQW Mechanical Industrial and Manufacturing DQGIXUWKHUEROVWHUVKHUFRQ¿GHQFH Engineering of Oregon State University “This will go a long way in helping me (OSU) in 2016 and established the Powder achieve my career goals. TMS is like my Metallurgy Additive Manufacturing extended family where I get to meet my Laboratory. Her research is focused on peers and make friendships that enrich my alloy development for selective laser career, personal growth, and professional melting and binder jetting additive development. I am truly honored to have manufacturing, as well as additive been a member of TMS for more than manufacturing of metal matrix composites DGHFDGHMRLQLQJDVD¿UVW\HDU3K' IRUHQHUJ\DQGRWKHUKLJKWHPSHUDWXUH student and getting involved with Material Somayeh Pasebani applications. Advantage chapter activities, winning She has been actively involved with a graduate student poster competition, several TMS committees including Powder and receiving the Henry DeWitt Smith Materials, Additive Manufacturing, and Scholarship.” Diversity. Pasebani regards the Young She added: “As a faculty member, TMS Leaders Professional Development Award has helped me tremendously in enhancing my leadership skills through membership ³7KLV UHFRJQLWLRQ E\ P\ SHHUV DQG OHDGHUV LQ P\ ¿HOG SURYLGHV in technical committees, diversity committees, and organizing symposiums HQFRXUDJHPHQWDQGIXUWKHUEROVWHUVP\FRQ¿GHQFH7KLVZLOOJRD and even outreach and volunteer activities. ORQJZD\LQKHOSLQJPHDFKLHYHP\FDUHHUJRDOV´ It is my great desire and pleasure to — Somayeh Pasebani continue contributing to TMS and to help accomplish its valuable mission.” Table of Contents

A Mark of Exceptional Promise: The 2020 TMS Young Leaders 993

STRUCTURAL MATERIALS DIVISION (SMD)

Aeriel Murphy-Leonard and microscopy to understand grain size “TMS has been a vital partner in DQGDOOR\LQJH൵HFWVRQPLFURVWUXFWXUDO helping me grow and extend my network evolution and deformation in magnesium across multiple disciplines and areas,” alloys. During her time at Michigan she UHPDUNHG$HULHO0XUSK\/HRQDUGDQ15& led and worked on many teams aimed at Postdoctoral Fellow at the Naval Research increasing the number of underrepresented Laboratory in Washington, D.C. “Even minorities in engineering, including as a graduate student I had the ability developing and implementing a leadership to serve in leadership roles on multiple camp for female engineering students in committees. Being a member of TMS has Monrovia, Liberia. been important in both my professional and While at the University of Michigan personal development.” she was awarded the Richard and Eleanor  0XUSK\/HRQDUGFRPSOHWHGKHU Towner Prize for Distinguished Academic Aeriel Murphy-Leonard undergraduate education at the University Achievement, the Marian Sarah Parker of Alabama where she earned a degree in Prize, the Susan A. Lipschutz Award, the Metallurgical and Materials Engineering. Distinguished Leadership Award, and the She received her Ph.D. in materials science MLK Spirit Award. and engineering from the University of She also runs a lifestyle blog, Michigan where her research focused AerielViews, aimed at young graduate and RQXVLQJKLJKHQHUJ\[UD\WHFKQLTXHV professional students.

Richard Oleksak a very welcoming organization and the Richard Oleksak is a research scientist perfect segue into the structural materials working with the Structural Materials community,” Oleksak stated. “TMS has Team at the National Energy Technology been instrumental in connecting me with Laboratory (NETL). He received his Ph.D. leaders in my research area and in serving in chemical engineering from Oregon as an excellent forum for the presentation Richard Oleksak State University where his research DQGGLVFXVVLRQRIUHVHDUFK,DPFRQ¿GHQW focused on synthesis and characterization that the TMS annual meeting will remain “TMS has been of nanomaterials for microelectronics a premier venue throughout my career for instrumental in applications. Upon joining NETL in 2015, sharing research, forming collaborations, his focus shifted to addressing corrosion and fostering relationships in the materials connecting me issues in current and future power plants, community.” He is currently an active ZLWKOHDGHUVLQP\ with an emphasis on evaluating materials PHPEHULQWKHKLJKWHPSHUDWXUHFRUURVLRQ research area and IRUQH[WJHQHUDWLRQVXSHUFULWLFDO&2 community and hopes to continue research 2 in serving as an SRZHUF\FOHV+LVH൵RUWVLQWKLVDUHDKDYH in this area to advance fundamental EHHQVXPPDUL]HGLQQLQHSHHUUHYLHZHG understanding and inform the selection H[FHOOHQWIRUXPIRU journal publications. DQGGHVLJQRIFRUURVLRQUHVLVWDQWVWUXFWXUDO the presentation “After changing research focuses early PDWHULDOVWRHQDEOHIXWXUHKLJKH൶FLHQF\ and discussion of in my career, I have found TMS to be power systems. UHVHDUFK´ Are You the Next TMS Young Leader? — Richard Oleksak Recipients of the TMS Young Leaders Professional Development Award are dynamic individuals who are looking to become future leaders within the minerals, metals, and materials community. They are committed to enhancing their leadership skills through active involvement as TMS volunteers and plan to work towards a future leadership role within the Society as a means of serving their profession. If this describes you, or someone you know, visit the TMS Honors and Awards website at awards.tms.org to learn more about the award and its criteria. Applicants must be TMS members in good standing who are age 40 or younger. Awardees must also demonstrate a desire to play an active role in TMS and the potential to advance to volunteer leadership roles with the Society. Applications for the 2021 Young Leaders Awards JO themagazine are due August 15, 2020, so begin preparing your application packet today. Table of Contents

JOM, Vol. 72, No. 3, 2020 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-020-04068-w Ó 2020 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society

JO TMS meeting headlines themagazine View all upcoming meetings online at www.tms.org/Meetings.

Other Meetings of Note June 21–24, 2020 Offshore Technology Philadelphia Marriott Downtown July 26–31, 2020 Conference (OTC 2020) Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA The Ohio State University May 4–7, 2020 Discount Registration Deadline: Houston, Texas, USA Columbus, Ohio, USA May 11, 2020 Discount Registration Deadline: Solidification www.SafetyCongress.org June 15, 2020 Course 2020 • 6WDUWR൵E\MRLQLQJWKHSURIHVVLRQDO www.tms.org/ICTP2020 May 10–15, 2020 GHYHORSPHQWFRXUVH3URFHVV6DIHW\LQ • 7KHWK,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRQ Les Diablerets, Switzerland (QJLQHHULQJDQG,QGXVWU\EDVHGRQWKH WKH7HFKQRORJ\RI3ODVWLFLW\ ,&73 &HQWHUIRU&KHPLFDO3URFHVV6DIHW\¶V  ZLOOIHDWXUHNH\QRWHVSHDNHUV The 11th International RQHGD\RYHUYLHZRIULVNEDVHGSURFHVV Conference on Molten SUHVHQWLQJWKHODWHVWLPSURYHPHQWVLQWKH VDIHW\ Slags, Fluxes and Salts WRSLFDUHDVRIJOREDOLVVXHVVLPXODWLRQ • 7ZRNH\QRWHVSHDNHUVZLOOGHOLYHUQHZ (Molten 2020) PDWHULDOVDQGLQQRYDWLRQ6HHWKHOLVWRI May 25–29, 2020 LQVLJKWVRQSODQQLQJDQGFROODERUDWLRQWR VSHDNHUVDQGSUHVHQWDWLRQVRQWKH,&73 Seoul, South Korea LQFUHDVHVDIHW\²-LP:HWKHUEHHIRUPHU 7HFKQLFDO3URJUDPSDJH 1$6$DVWURQDXWDQG861DY\FDSWDLQ • %RRN\RXUURRPIRU,&73E\-XQH Technological DQG&KULV+DUWFKDLURIWKH:DVKLQJWRQ 9LVLWWKHFRQIHUHQFHZHEVLWHWRVHH Innovations in Metals 0HWURUDLO6DIHW\&RPPLVVLRQDQG DOORIWKHKRXVLQJRSWLRQVERWKRQ7KH Engineering (TIME 2020) IRXQGHURI+DUW6ROXWLRQV//& 2KLR6WDWH8QLYHUVLW\FDPSXV 7KH June 2–4, 2020 • %UHDNRXWVHVVLRQVZLOOIDFLOLWDWHD Youngstown, Ohio, USA %ODFNZHOO,QQ DQGORFDWHGQHDUE\ 7KH GHHSGLYHLQWRUHOHYDQWWRSLFVVXFKDV *UDGXDWH&ROXPEXV+RWHODQG+\DWW The 12th International KXPDQPDFKLQHLQWHUDFWLRQVLQFLGHQW 5HJHQF\  Conference and LQYHVWLJDWLRQOLIWLQJPHWKRGVXQPDQQHG Workshop on Numerical DLUFUDIWV\VWHPVDQGVDIHW\LQDFDGHPLF Simulation of 3D Sheet ODERUDWRULHV Metal Forming Processes (NUMISHEET 2020) July 19–24, 2020 Toronto, Ontario, Canada June 15–18, 2021 Hotel Omni Mont-Royal The 14th International Montreal, Quebec, Canada Symposium on June 28–July 1, 2020 Abstract Submission Deadline: Superalloys Hyatt Regency Washington on (Superalloys 2020) September 15, 2020 September 13–17, 2020 Capitol Hill www.tms.org/Mg2021 Seven Springs, Washington, D.C., USA • &RQWULEXWHWRWKHWK,QWHUQDWLRQDO Pennsylvania, USA Discount Registration Deadline: &RQIHUHQFHRQ0DJQHVLXP$OOR\VDQG May 18, 2020 WKHLU$SSOLFDWLRQV 0J WREHD Materials Science & www.tms.org/3DMS2020 SDUWRIWKHORQJHVWUXQQLQJFRQIHUHQFH Technology (MS&T20) • &RQ¿UPHGSOHQDU\VSHDNHUVDWSUHVV GHGLFDWHGWRWKHGHYHORSPHQWRI October 4–8, 2020 WLPHIRUWKHWK,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQJUHVV PDJQHVLXPDOOR\V Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, RQ'0DWHULDOV6FLHQFH '06 • $EVWUDFWVDUHUHTXHVWHGIRUDOODVSHFWVRI USA  LQFOXGHJaafar El-Awady-RKQV PDJQHVLXPUHVHDUFKDQGGHYHORSPHQW Energy Materials 2020 +RSNLQV8QLYHUVLW\86$Satoshi Hata IURPSULPDU\SURGXFWLRQWRDSSOLFDWLRQV October 13–15, 2020 .\XVKX8QLYHUVLW\-DSDQDQGHelena WRHQGRIOLIHPDQDJHPHQW7RSLFV Huzhou, Zhejiang, China Van Swygenhoven3DXO6FKHUUHU,QVWLWXW ZLOODOVRLQFOXGHPDJQHVLXPEDVHG 6ZLW]HUODQG FRPSRXQGVDQGFRPSRVLWHV 994 Table of Contents

JOM, Vol. 72, No. 3, 2020 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-020-04069-9 Ó 2020 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society call for papers JO JOM is seeking contributions on the following topics for 2020. thejournal For the full Editorial Calendar, along with author instructions, visit www.tms.org/EditorialCalendar.

September 2020 Editors: Douglas M. Matson, Robert W. Hyers, Michael Manuscript Deadline: April 1, 2020 Sansoucie, Jonghyun Lee, and Shaun McFadden Topic: Aluminum: Recycling and Carbon / Sponsors: Process Technology and Modeling Committee Environmental Footprint DQG6ROLGL¿FDWLRQ&RPPLWWHH Scope: This topic covers recycling of aluminum (and its October 2020 alloys), as well as mitigating the carbon footprint and/or Manuscript Deadline: May 1, 2020 HQYLURQPHQWDOUDPL¿FDWLRQVRIERWKSULPDU\DQGVHFRQGDU\ Topic: Electrometallurgical Processing aluminum production. Scope: Industrial electrochemistry has made great strides Editors: David S. Wong and Anne Kvithyld in the manufacture of base, precious, refractory and Sponsors: Aluminum Committee and Recycling and UHDFWLYHPHWDOVDQGWKHLUDOOR\VFRPSRXQGV6LJQL¿FDQW Environmental Technologies Committee improvements have been made to obviate some of the Topic: High Temperature Processing of Complex SURFHVVFKDOOHQJHVWKDWLQFOXGHHQHUJ\H൶FLHQF\RIWHQ Ores (By Invitation Only) complex process chemistry, throughput, and safety. Scope: Invited papers only will be published in this Manuscripts covering current practices and future topic covering pyrometallurgical processes developed projections of electrometallurgy including advanced to recover metals from complex ores. The term complex materials, materials recycling, nuclear materials, secondary UHIHUVWRPXOWLPHWDOVXO¿GHUHVRXUFHVZKLFKRIWHQSUHVHQW recovery, contaminated water and waste treatments, and inclusions and intricate structural or alteration patterns. design of process equipment are invited. Also included are orebodies such as multi-metal oxide ores Editors: Prabhat K. Tripathy, Takanari Ouchi, Hojong that complicate processing due to the diversity of minor Kim, Hong (Marco) Peng, and Gisele Azimi elements they contain. This topic will present a state- Sponsors: Hydrometallurgy and Electrometallurgy of-the-art picture of the high-temperature processing of Committee and Pyrometallurgy Committee complex ore, from historical to best available technologies. Topic: Interfacial Stability in Multi-component Editors: Leili Tafaghodi, Camille Fleuriault, and Joseph Systems Grogan Scope: Papers are invited for this special topic covering Sponsor: Pyrometallurgy Committee interfacial bonding, interfacial stability, reaction kinetics, Topic: Materials Research in Reduced Gravity phase formation and characterization, and complex Scope: Reduced-gravity experiments can isolate LQWHUIDFLDOSKHQRPHQDLQYDULRXVDSSOLHG¿HOGVLQFOXGLQJ phenomena otherwise obscured in ground-based advanced microelectronics packaging, semiconductor experiments, leading to new discoveries. Ground-based systems, thermoelectric modules, and energy materials. Editors: facilities for reduced-gravity experiments include drop Chao-hong Wang and Shih-Kang Lin Sponsor: tubes and towers that provide seconds of reduced gravity, Alloy Phases Committee aircraft that provide tens of seconds, and suborbital rockets Topic: Practical Research in Processing Science that provide hundreds of seconds. Manuscripts are solicited (By Invitation Only) in all areas of materials research employing reduced Scope: A primary objective of research is the eventual gravity, including crystal growth, containerless processing, reduction to practice and use by industry. Papers for materials processing and properties, and experimental this topic were solicited from “Purveyors of Processing facilities for materials research. Science and ICME: A Symposium to Honor the Many 995 Table of Contents

996 call for papers

Contributions of Taylan Altan, Wei Tsu Wu, Soo-Ik Oh, and Topic: Nanomechanics of Low-dimensional Materials Lee Semiatin,” who devoted their careers to understanding Scope: Low-dimensional materials, such as nanoparticles, processes and developing practical simulations of them. QDQR¿EHUVDQGQDQRWXEHVKDYHDWOHDVWRQHGLPHQVLRQ This special topic pays homage to the lifelong work of small enough for their physical properties to lay somewhere these researchers. between individual atoms and the bulk material. The Editors: Adam Pilchak and Ed Herderick dimensional constraints of these materials result in a large Sponsors: Titanium Committee, Shaping and Forming surface-area-to-volume ratio that allows free surface and Committee, and ICME Committee nanoscale structural features to dominate their physical response to mechanical deformation. Papers are invited Topic: Solidification Behavior in the Presence covering experimental fabrication, characterization and of External Fields testing, and computational modeling of mechanical Scope: 7KHLQWURGXFWLRQRIH[WHUQDO¿HOGVLQFOXGLQJ behaviors of low-dimensional materials. HOHFWURPDJQHWLF¿HOGVXOWUDVRQLFH[FLWDWLRQDQG Editors: Jiyoung Chang and Wei Gao PHFKDQLFDOVKHDULQJWRVROLGL¿FDWLRQSURFHVVHVFDQ Sponsor: Nanomaterials Committee VLJQL¿FDQWO\DOWHUVROLGL¿FDWLRQEHKDYLRU7KLVHQFRPSDVVHV a wide range of applications in casting, welding, Topic: Nanostructured Materials under Extreme remelting, and additive manufacturing processes that have Environments (By Invitation Only) EHHQH[SORUHGLQLQGXVWU\WRUH¿QHJUDLQVKRPRJHQL]H Scope: This invited topic focuses on the response of segregation, prevent defect formation, and break up nanostructured metals, ceramics, and composite materials agglomeration of particles. Publications focused on new in extreme environments (radiation, temperature, and VFLHQWL¿FGLVFRYHULHVHQJLQHHULQJDGYDQFHPHQWDQG mechanical loading). Materials with designed micro- and industrial applications are solicited under this topic. nanostructures may have unusual responses to such extreme Editors: Lang Yuan and Andrew Kao environments. The investigation of the microstructural Sponsor:6ROLGL¿FDWLRQ&RPPLWWHH evolution in nanostructured materials through combined November 2020 experimentation and modeling/simulation has proven Manuscript Deadline: June 1, 2020 crucial in establishing the understanding and design of this novel class of materials for future engineering applications Topic: Aluminum and Magnesium: Casting under extreme conditions. Technology and Solidification Editors: Youxing Chen and Jin Li Scope: This topic covers the formation of structure, Sponsor: Invited GHIHFWVDQGSURSHUWLHVGXULQJFDVWLQJDQGVROLGL¿FDWLRQ of aluminum and magnesium alloys, with technologies Topic: Process Design and Materials Development including shape, continuous, direct-chill casting, and rapid for High-Temperature Applications VROLGL¿FDWLRQ7KHWRSLFDOVRFRYHUVQHZWHFKQRORJLFDO Scope: Due to their unique characteristics, refractory approaches to improve the quality of cast metal through PDWHULDOVDUHRIVSHFL¿FLQWHUHVWIRUIXQFWLRQDODQG optimization or changing of casting hardware or structural high-temperature applications. The focus of procedures. Both experimental and modelling papers are this special topic includes the design, development, and welcome for submission, though the modeling papers need processing of refractory metals, alloys, and compounds. to contain experimental validation. Contributions are invited from authors working on high- Editor: Dmitry Eskin temperature materials to share and discuss their latest Sponsor: Aluminum Committee experimental and theoretical results and advancements. Editors: Ravi Enneti and Chai Ren Topic: In Situ Synchrotron and Neutron Sponsor: Refractory Metals and Materials Committee Characterization of Additively Manufactured Alloys Topic: Silicon Production, Refining, Properties, Scope: This special topic focuses on the in situ and Photovoltaics (By Invitation Only) characterization of additively manufactured alloys using Scope: This invitation-only topic focuses on silicon for V\QFKURWURQDQGQHXWURQEDVHGVFDWWHULQJGL൵UDFWLRQDQG solar cells, energy production, and other technologies. All imaging techniques. Papers are solicited in areas including WHFKQRORJLHVRI6LSURGXFWLRQUH¿QLQJDQGFKDUDFWHUL]DWLRQ phase transformation and microstructure evolution during are covered. Life-cycle assessment of solar silicon post-build heat treatment or mechanical testing, time- processing, recycling of solar silicon components, solar UHVROYHG[UD\LPDJLQJRUGL൵UDFWLRQGXULQJWKHEXLOG cells and electronic components, and characterization of stage, residual stress evolution, and defect monitoring. silicon materials for solar cells and other technologies are Editors: Fan Zhang, Dhriti Bhattacharyya, and Lianyi subjects of great interest for this collection. Chen Editor: Shadia Ikhmayies Sponsor: Advanced Characterization, Testing, and Sponsors: Recycling and Environmental Technologies Simulation Committee Committee and Materials Characterization Committee

HONORS FOR EVERY CAREER STAGE

Visit awards.tms.org to explore the many TMS awards available for established professionals, early career professionals, and students.

Most TMS awards have a nomination or application deadline of April 1. Visit awards.tms.org and view the individual award pages for more details. erin etallrists, ress nineers and Researers at d y d en te aterials data you need doesn’t exist? it er-al y an  allate phase-based proper�es as a func�on of  ase Deisins on scien�fically supported composi�on, temperature and �me models  Fill in ata gaps without resor�ng to costly,  elerate materials development while �me-consuming experiments reducing risk  redit how actual vs nominal chemistries will affect  rblest issues during materials processing property data Over 40 Thermodynamic and Kine�c Databases Choose from an extensive selec�on of thermodynamic and mobility databases in a range of materials, including:

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