Estudos Comparativos De Plântulas E Plantas Jovens De Duas Espécies De Ormosia Jackson Provenientes De Ambientes Distintos - Restinga E Mata Ciliar

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Estudos Comparativos De Plântulas E Plantas Jovens De Duas Espécies De Ormosia Jackson Provenientes De Ambientes Distintos - Restinga E Mata Ciliar MINISTÉRIO DA EDUCAÇÃO FUNDAÇÃO UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE MATO GROSSO DO SUL CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS E DA SAÚDE DEPARTAMENTO DE BIOLOGIA PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM BIOLOGIA VEGETAL CRISTINA GURSKI DISSERTAÇÃO DE MESTRADO Estudos comparativos de plântulas e plantas jovens de duas espécies de Ormosia Jackson provenientes de ambientes distintos - restinga e mata ciliar Orientador: Eduardo Arcoverde de Mattos Co-Orientadora: Edna Scremin Dias CAMPO GRANDE – MS 2007 Livros Grátis http://www.livrosgratis.com.br Milhares de livros grátis para download. MINISTÉRIO DA EDUCAÇÃO FUNDAÇÃO UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE MATO GROSSO DO SUL CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS E DA SAÚDE DEPARTAMENTO DE BIOLOGIA PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM BIOLOGIA VEGETAL CRISTINA GURSKI DISSERTAÇÃO DE MESTRADO Estudos comparativos de plântulas e plantas jovens de duas espécies de Ormosia Jackson provenientes de ambientes distintos - restinga e mata ciliar Dissertação apresentada como um dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Biologia Vegetal junto ao Departamento de Biologia do Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde CAMPO GRANDE – MS 2007 Gurski, Cristina Estudos comparativos de plântulas e plantas jovens de duas espécies de Ormosia Jackson provenientes de ambientes distintos - restinga e mata cilia r, Brasil. 76p Dissertação (Mestrado) – Laboratório de Botânica – Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. 1. Ormosia 2. Ecofisiologia do Estresse 3. Morfo- anatomia I. Laboratório de Botânica – Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. i Aos meus pais, Maria e Ludovico, a meus irmãos Fernando e Sérgio e aos meus avós, por todo o amor, apoio e por mostrarem-me que a vida é boa. ii AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço a Deus por todo amor a mim concedido e por ser o verdadeiro orientador da minha vida. Também a Jesus Cristo por ser meu intercessor e pacificador do meu espírito através de seus ensinamentos. Aos meus pais, irmãos e avós, pela compreensão, paciência, pelos valores ensinados e por serem tudo na minha vida. Aos meus tios, primos e amigos por toda amizade, carinho e sábios conselhos. Aos professores da UFMS por todo conhecimento transmitido e principalmente pela paciência e amizade. A Edna Scremin-Dias, sem a qual este trabalho não teria sido possível, pois, mais que co- orientadora, foi amiga, conselheira, dedicada e muito ética. A Eduardo Arcoverde de Mattos pela orientação, confiança, amizade e pelo conhecimento compartilhado. Aos estagiários e técnicos do laboratório de Anatomia Vegetal: Pedro, Rodenir, Silvana, Tamires e Camila e em especial a Jane, Thales, Mariana e Ana Paula, por me auxiliarem na preparação do material no laboratório. A Rosana por me auxiliar sempre que eu precisei e por ser tão legal e amiga. A Zildamara por me ajudar na estatística final e pelas valiosas dicas e sugestões. iii A Ângela Lúcia Bagnatori Sartori pela identificação botânica do material, por permitir o uso de equipamento do Laboratório de Biossistemática Vegetal, por todas as sugestões e conselhos, além da valiosa amizade. A Etenaldo Felipe Santiago pelas valiosas sugestões no texto. À Ana Eliza e Caroline, minhas amigas muito mais que queridas, pela amizade sincera e por todo “socorro”. Aos meus amigos e companheiros de turma do Mestrado: Ana Carina, Ana Eliza, Caroline, Evandro, Flávio, Leila, Luciana, Rosana e Valerí por toda alegria e companheirismo compartilhados. Aos professores do Mestrado em Biologia Vegetal, pela iniciativa de não apenas criar o Curso de Mestrado, mas também por lutar para que ele seja cada vez melhor. À Fundação de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento do Ensino, Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul (FUNDECT/MS) pela concessão da minha Bolsa de Mestrado e pelo apoio financeiro. A Propp/UFMS pelo auxílio inicial através da Bolsa de mestrado e pela aquisição de material de consumo. A todos do Curso de Capacitação por permitirem o uso de equipamentos e por toda ajuda concedida. iv ÍNDICE RESUMO ........................................................................................................................................1 ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................................2 INTRODUÇÃO GERAL...............................................................................................................3 ESTRESSES AMBIENTAIS..............................................................................................4 Estresse hídrico ........................................................................................................5 Estresse por deficiência nutricional..........................................................................7 CARACTERIZAÇÃO DOS AMBIENTES.....................................................................................8 Mata Ciliar............................................................................................................................8 Restinga ...............................................................................................................................9 ESPÉCIES ESTUDADAS E DISTRIBUIÇÃO GEOGRÁFICA..................................................10 OBJETIVOS...................................................................................................................................15 REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS...........................................................................................15 CAPÍTULO I – Morfo-anatomia Comparativa de Plântulas de Ormosia arborea (Vell.) Harms e Ormosia fastigiata Tul. (Leg-Papilionoideae), provenientes de Restinga e de Mata Ciliar, respectivamente ................................................................................................................22 INSTRUÇÕES AOS AUTORES – Acta Botanica Brasilica ...........................................23 RESUMO..........................................................................................................................29 ABSTRACT......................................................................................................................29 INTRODUÇÃO ................................................................................................................30 MATERIAL E MÉTODOS ..............................................................................................31 RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO ......................................................................................32 Morfologia da semente...........................................................................................32 Desenvolvimento da plântula.................................................................................33 Caracterização morfológica da planta jovem.........................................................33 Anatomia do caule..................................................................................................34 Anatomia da raiz....................................................................................................35 Anatomia das folhas..............................................................................................36 REFERÊNCIAS.................................................................................................................37 FIGURAS ..........................................................................................................................40 CAPÍTULO II - Análise de crescimento e morfo-anatomia comparativa de plantas jovens de duas espécies de Ormosia Jackson (Leg-Papilionoideae) de Restinga e Mata de Galeria submetidas a alagamento e baixa disponibilidade de água e nutrientes .................................45 v INSTRUÇÕES AOS AUTORES – Acta Botanica Brasilica ............................................46 RESUMO...........................................................................................................................53 ABSTRACT.......................................................................................................................53 INTRODUÇÃO .................................................................................................................54 MATERIAL E MÉTODOS...............................................................................................55 RESULTADOS..................................................................................................................57 DISCUSSÃO......................................................................................................................59 REFERÊNCIAS.................................................................................................................63 TABELAS..........................................................................................................................68 FIGURAS ..........................................................................................................................70 CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS ......................................................................................................74 Resumo Geral Os ecossistemas brasileiros e por conseqüência sua diversidade biológica encontram-se constantemente ameaçados pelas ações antrópicas. Proteger essa riqueza faz-se urgente, mas só é possível proteger o que se conhece. Desse modo, trabalhos sobre a biologia e ecologia das espécies são extremamente importantes, pois, podem ajudar na compreensão de quais fatores influem na distribuição e permanência das espécies em determinados hábitats e o quanto à alteração desses ambientes pode ser prejudicial às mesmas.
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