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MAY/JUNE 2015 Newsletter

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“The most important Roundtable, in the most important small town, at the most important battlefield, in the most important country in the world.”– Joe Mieczkowski, past president “I have just OFFICERS AND SUPPORT read your Lynn Heller ....................................... 717.398.2072 dispatch about President ....................................... [email protected] Roger Heller ...................................... 717.398.2072 sore-tongued Vice President .......................................... [email protected] and fatigued Ron Rock ........................................... 717.337.0733 horses, Will you Interim Recording Secretary .................. [email protected] pardon me for Linda Seamon................................... 717.359.7339 asking what the Membership Secretary ................................. [email protected] horses of your JoyceAnn Deal .................................. 717.338.1892 army have done Treasurer ....................................... [email protected] since the Battle Dave Joswick ..................................... 717.877.3975 The MAY/JUNE 2015 Newsletter ......................................... [email protected] of Antietam Linda Joswick .................................... 717.253.5477 that fatigues Webmaster ...................................... [email protected] anything?” BOARD MEMBERS – ABRAHAM LINCOLN Hilda Koontz, Larry Korczyk, Dale Molina, IN RESPONSE TO Larry Plymire, Ron Rock, Don Sangirardi, GENERAL MCCLELLAN Linda Seamon, Kendra Debany (past President) A bimonthly publication of the Civil War Roundtable of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania Visit us online at www.cwrtgettysburg.org ImpendingActions JUNE 25TH Information and details about upcoming Gettysburg Roundtable presentations. Evergreen Cemetery Tour vergreen Cemetery was established in 1854 as Adams Coun- MAY 28TH Ety’s first non-denominational Cemetery. Following its creation, graves from other local cem- Telling stories of the National Park Service eteries were removed there, so that some of the earliest resi- he power of a visit to a National Park site is the sense of place— dents of the town are among Tstanding where historic events occurred and figures once stood. its residents. Join Timothy H. At the Harpers Ferry Design Center exhibit specialists work with Smith, as we take a leisurely parks to tell their powerful stories at their sites using interpretive stroll through the cemetery media—including exhibits, waysides, film, and new media. The De- and discuss its history while sign Center is currently or has recently completed work on a num- visiting the burial sites of some of ber of projects Gettysburg’s most notable citizens. relating to the Civil War. Our evening gets underway at Curt will dis- 6 PM where we will gather at the cuss the proj- gatehouse to begin our tour. In case ect work at of threatening weather, the pro- parks includ- gram will be held indoors, at the ing Antietam, GAR Hall, and will be announced Appomat- that afternoon, on the stations in- tox, Booker T. cluded in this newsletter. And FYI... Washington, Middle Street will be closed to traffic Cedar Creek/Belle Grove, Harriet Tubman, Petersburg, Springfield for construction from May 4th until perhaps October. There is a Armory, and new sites of honor including Flight 93. phone number for a recorded update: 717-334-1160 ext.225. Curt Gaul, NPS Harpers Ferry Center Project Manager, Northeast Region Team, Timothy H. Smith is a native of Baltimore and a lifelong is a 30 year veteran of the National Park Service. In 1984, Curt began his career student of the American Civil War. He is employed as a Li- working as an interpretation ranger and assistant district ranger at Independence censed Battlefield Guide at the Gettysburg National Mili- National Historical Park (with a few of the current tary Park, and a research assistant at the Adams County Gettysburg rangers). He then was hired as the Historical Society. Tim is the author of several book and operations supervisor and district ranger at the numerous articles on the battle and local history. He has Historic Jamestowne unit of Colonial NHP, where served several terms on the board of directors of the Ever- he worked from 1991-2007. He served as the west green Cemetery and has always had a great interest in the district ranger for interpretation and education at people buried there. Chesapeake & Ohio Canal NHP. In the summer of 2013, Curt was hired as the Project Manager for the Northeast/National Capital Region Teams at NPS Harpers Ferry Center Design Center. Curt oversees over 60 media projects in parks from Vir- Your RT still needs a Secretary ginia to Maine, and in DC. our Gettysburg Civil War Roundtable continues to seek a Re- Curt met his wife Peggie at Independence Ycording Secretary. Current interim secretary Ron Rock is gra- NHP, and over the years Peggie has also continued her Park Service career. She ciously fulfilling that role temporarily, as well as serving on the currently works as a park ranger at Catoctin Mountain Park in Maryland. Peg- board. The officers and board are asking one of the membership gie and Curt have two children. Their son Ryan recently returned from the Peace to please step forward and assume that secretary position. You Corps where he served as a Volunteer in Ethiopia, and is now working for FEMA. are invited to contact president Lynn Heller or Vice President Their daughter Casey is in her first year of teaching in Cambridge, MD. Roger Heller for a description of the secretarial duties. Their con- tact information is located at the top of this page. Thank you. 2 Hello Friends! very two years, May brings with it a Gettysburg change in leadership for our Round- Etable. This May, as Kendra steps down CWRT elects from the from the Presidency, we give her our sin- cere appreciation for a job well done, but happily not a goodbye. We are delighted officers and that she will continue to contribute to the by Roundtable as an important presence on board Lynn Heller our Board of Directors. On Thursday, April 23, at its I am honored to be assuming the regularly scheduled monthly Presidency of our most awesome Roundtable. You, the membership, are an incredibly loyal, meeting, the Gettysburg Civil knowledgable,and friendly group of folks It will be a pleasure to continue my association with you as War Roundtable elected it’s new your President. Your ideas and input are important, so please share any suggestions you may have set of officers and board mem- with me, or anyone on the Board of Directors. A special thanks to those on the Board—Huzzah to bers who will serve in their posi- Hilda and Ron for re-upping for another term of service! tions for the next two years. We have some great programs to look forward to! As always, they are listed in this, The Angle, our Officers are: President Lynn amazing newsletter, as well as the meeting places for our June, July, and August summer “on the Heller, Vice President Roger field” programs. Enjoy! Heller, Interim Recording Sec- Lynn retary Ron Rock, Membership Secretary Linda Season, Trea- surer JoyceAnn Deal. Board of Directors include: Museum to welcomes Hilda Koontz, Larry Korczyk, Dale Molina, Larry Plymire, Ron Rock, Donald Sangirardi, new executive director Linda Seamon, Kendra Debany (past President). The Seminary Ridge His- producer for the Chat- toric Preservation Foundation, tanooga History Center’s Congratulations to all and best which operates the Gettysburg permanent exhibit. wishes! Seminary Ridge Museum, an- “My professional life nounced that Dr. Daryl Black Franco is a well-known and has been grounded in the belief successful museum profes- has accepted the position of that history museums play vital president of the Foundation sional who guided the museum roles within communities,” said through start up, grand open- A special and executive director of the Black. “I believe that history is museum, effective June 1. ing and the initial phases of op- present in all that we do and erations. To date, the museum thank you “The Board of Trustees of the that we call the future out of project has raised over $10 mil- Seminary Ridge Historic Pres- our past ... understanding how lion, and more than 8,000 indi- from Kendra ervation Foundation is pleased our present was made opens viduals from all 50 states have to welcome Dr. Daryl Black as the way to think critically about contributed as Founders. She “I would like to take this its new president and execu- where we are going and how we plans to remain active in the small space to express my ap- tive director of the Gettysburg might better get there.” museum field as a consultant preciation to Ralph and Sue Seminary Ridge Museum,” Black will take over for Bar- and looks forward to the op- Smith for donating a large said Chair of the Board Em bara Franco, who announced portunity to do more historical series of books to our RT book Cole. “We are confident that he her retirement last November. research and writing. raffle.” brings the experience, academ- ic credentials and vision to lead the museum into the future as a national leader in interpreting Gettysburg and the Civil War for public audiences.” A native of Atlanta, Black has most recently served as the executive director of the Chat- tanooga History Center. He has extensive experience with mu- seums, historic sites and educa- tion, including Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park, the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga and the University of California, Ir- vine, and is
Recommended publications
  • PICKETT's CHARGE Gettysburg National Military Park STUDENT

    PICKETT's CHARGE Gettysburg National Military Park STUDENT

    PICKETT’S CHARGE I Gettysburg National Military Park STUDENT PROGRAM U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Pickett's Charge A Student Education Program at Gettysburg National Military Park TABLE OF CONTENTS Section 1 How To Use This Booklet ••••..••.••...• 3 Section 2 Program Overview . • . • . • . • . 4 Section 3 Field Trip Day Procedures • • • . • • • . 5 Section 4 Essential Background and Activities . 6 A Causes ofthe American Civil War ••..•...... 7 ft The Battle ofGettysburg . • • • . • . 10 A Pi.ckett's Charge Vocabulary •............... 14 A Name Tags ••.. ... ...........• . •......... 15 A Election ofOfficers and Insignia ......•..•.. 15 A Assignm~t ofSoldier Identity •..••......... 17 A Flag-Making ............................. 22 ft Drill of the Company (Your Class) ........... 23 Section 5 Additional Background and Activities .••.. 24 Structure ofthe Confederate Army .......... 25 Confederate Leaders at Gettysburg ••.•••.••• 27 History of the 28th Virginia Regiment ....... 30 History of the 57th Virginia Regiment . .. .... 32 Infantry Soldier Equipment ................ 34 Civil War Weaponry . · · · · · · 35 Pre-Vtsit Discussion Questions . • . 37 11:me Line . 38 ... Section 6 B us A ct1vities ........................• 39 Soldier Pastimes . 39 Pickett's Charge Matching . ••.......•....... 43 Pickett's Charge Matching - Answer Key . 44 •• A .•. Section 7 P ost-V 1s1t ctivities .................... 45 Post-Visit Activity Ideas . • . • . • . • . 45 After Pickett's Charge . • • • • . • . 46 Key: ft = Essential Preparation for Trip 2 Section 1 How to Use This Booklet Your students will gain the most benefit from this program if they are prepared for their visit. The preparatory information and activities in this booklet are necessary because .. • students retain the most information when they are pre­ pared for the field trip, knowing what to expect, what is expected of them, and with some base of knowledge upon which the program ranger can build.
  • Gettysburg National Military Park Pemns Ylvania Contents

    Gettysburg National Military Park Pemns Ylvania Contents

    GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK PEMNS YLVANIA CONTENTS Page UNITED STATES Gettysburg National Military Park . 4 The Campaign and Rattle of Gettysburg . 4 DEPARTMENT The Armies Converge on Gettysburg . 7 OF THE INTERIOR The Gettysburg Terrain .... 9 HAROLD L. ICKES, Secretary Second Day at Gettysburg . 10 N A T I O N A I, PA R K S E R VI C E The Crisis 11 ARNO B. CAMMERER, Director The Third Day 12 The Retreat 15 CIVILIAN CONSERVAT ION CORPS ROBERT FECHNER, Director ADVISORY COUNCIL THE COVER Tiie cover shows a silhouette profile of Lincoln and GEORGE P. TYNER, Brigadier General a reproduction of a portion of the second manu­ Representing the Secretary of War script copy of the Gettysburg address, made by Abraham Lincoln on the morning of November CONRAD L. WIRTH, Supervisor of Recreation and 19, 1863, in Gettysburg, and used by him in giving Land Planning, National Park Service. the address that day. There are five manuscript Representing the Secretary of the Interior copies of this address in Lincoln's handwriting: the first, partially written in Washington before the FRED MORRELL, Assistant Chief Forester, United States Forest Service. Representing the trip to Gettysburg and finished on the evening of Secretary of Agriculture his arrival there; the second, written in Gettysburg the following morning; a third, made for George CIIESI.EY W. BAILEY. Representing the Veterans' Bancroft; a fourth, written to be sold with the Administration manuscript of Edward Everett's address at the New York Sanitary Fair; and a fifth and final manuscript copy, written by Lincoln in 1864 for purposes of publication in Autograph Leaves of Our Country's Authors Gettysburg National Military Park THREE MONTHS and sixteen days after the ordeal of the Diplomatic Corps, and other ranking officials.
  • Photographers Appendix

    Photographers Appendix

    photographer’s complete appendix Chris Heisey 1. prologue: the photographer (1863). Dead Confederate Soldier, Devil’s Den Alexander Gardner and his assistant Timothy O’Sullivan took this image on July 6, 1863. The Confederate soldier may well be John Rutherford Ash of the Second Georgia, killed on July 2. I. THE FIRST DAY. Union General John Buford Monument, Chambersburg Pike This cirrus cloud–laden sky provided the perfect backdrop to capture the Buford monument as the sun set on the cool, breezy evening of June 24, 2015. 2. carolina. Twenty-Fourth Michigan Monument, Herbst’s Woods On average, the first snow in Gettysburg each winter occurs on December 10, and on that date in 2013, this wet snow beautifully pasted the monument to the Twenty-Fourth Michigan, of the Iron Brigade. 3. incident. McPherson’s Barn and soybean field, Chambersburg Pike Rural lands surrounding the town of Gettysburg are still farmed much as they were in 1863. In front of McPherson’s Barn, where the battle’s first day of fighting happened on July 1, this soybean field along Chambersburg Pike turns a tender shade of yellow. 4. What is truth? McPherson’s Ridge The morning of February 18, 2018, was a particularly frigid one. The camera equipment for most of my Civil War battlefield photography work consists of a Nikon D810 camera body with a 17–35 mm f2.8 lens, mounted on a Gitzo tripod. In addition, I use a handcrafted Singh-Ray LB polarizing filter affixed to my lens to help lessen glare and provide contrast to the image.
  • United States Department of the Interior

    United States Department of the Interior

    G e r f t h o • U i . s . 10-23 (M ay 1929) UNITED STATES 30S//33 93? DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE -Gatiyshurg. n a t i o n a l ''p a r k F I L E N O . VISTA CUTTING PROJECT Area of Little Round Top, Devil's Den, the TTheatfield, and Peach Orchard. IMPORTANT Frederick Tilberg This file constitutes a part of the official records of the Assistant Research Technician National Park Service and should not be separated or papers December 28, 1939 withdrawn without express authority of the official in charge. All Files should be returned promptly to the File Room. Officials and employees will be held responsible for failure to observe these rules, which are necessary to protect the integrity of the official records. ARNO B. CAMMERER, O 8. OATBRNMEfT ntMTIWA O R IG I 6 7410 Director. 4$- VISTA CUTTING PROJECT - Gettysburg National Military Park Gettysburg, Pennsylvania Summary Account of the Battle in the Area of Little Round Top, Devil's Den, the hheatfield, and Ee'aoh Orchard. The Union line, upon its establishment by noon "of July 2, was entirely south of the town of Gettysburg, the right flank resting near Spangler's Spring, the left at Little Round Top. It was the center and left of the Union Line, extending from Ziegler's Grove southward, which was to bear the impact of battle on the afternoon of July 2. Beginning at this grove of trees and extending southward along the ridge were the Divisions of Hays, Gibbon and Caldwell of Hancock's Second Corps.
  • Cover of 1992 Edition) This Scene from the Gettysburg Cyclorama Painting

    Cover of 1992 Edition) This Scene from the Gettysburg Cyclorama Painting

    cover of 1992 edition) (cover of 1962 edition) This scene from the Gettysburg Cyclorama painting by Paul Philippoteaux potrays the High Water Mark of the Confederate cause as Southern Troops briefly pentrate the Union lines at the Angle on Cemetery Ridge, July 3, 1863. Photo by Walter B. Lane. GETTYSBURG National Military Park Pennsylvania by Frederick Tilberg National Park Service Historical Handbook Series No. 9 Washington, D.C. 1954 (Revised 1962, Reprint 1992) Contents a. THE SITUATION, SPRING 1863 b. THE PLAN OF CAMPAIGN c. THE FIRST DAY The Two Armies Converge on Gettysburg The Battle of Oak Ridge d. THE SECOND DAY Preliminary Movements and Plans Longstreet Attacks on the Right Warren Saves Little Round Top Culp's Hill e. THE THIRD DAY Cannonade at Dawn: Culp's Hill and Spangler's Spring Lee Plans a Final Thrust Lee and Meade Set the Stage Artillery Duel at One O'clock Climax at Gettysburg Cavalry Action f. END OF INVASION g. LINCOLN AND GETTYSBURG Establishment of a Burial Ground Dedication of the Cemetery Genesis of the Gettysburg Address The Five Autograph Copies of the Gettysburg Address Soldiers' National Monument The Lincoln Address Memorial h. ANNIVERSARY REUNIONS OF CIVIL WAR VETERANS i. THE PARK j. ADMINISTRATION k. SUGGESTED READINGS l. APPENDIX: WEAPONS AND TACTICS AT GETTYSBURG m. GALLERY: F. D. BRISCOE BATTLE PAINTINGS For additional information, visit the Web site for Gettysburg National Military Park Historical Handbook Number Nine 1954 (Revised 1962) This publication is one of a series of handbooks describing the historical and archeological areas in the National Park System administered by the National Park Service of the United States Department of the Interior.

  • National W Military Park W

    Gettysburg National w Military Park w Map and Guide Three Days in July On June 3, 1863, a month after his dramatic when they were finally overpowered and bombardment that for a time engaged the victory at Chancellorsville, Confederate driven back to Cemetery Hill south of town. massed guns of both sides in a thundering Gen. Robert E. Lee began marching his The Northerners labored long into the night duel for supremacy, but did little to soften Army of Northern Virginia westward from its over their defenses while the bulk of Meade's up the Union lines on Cemetery Ridge. Then, army arrived and took up positions. On July 2 the battelines were drawn up in two sweeping arcs. The main portions of both armies were nearly 1 mile apart on Gettysburg in parallel ridges: Union forces on Cemetery Robert E. Lee, 1863 as seen Ridge, Confederate forces on Seminary Confederate from Seminary commander at Ridge. Ridge to the west. Lee ordered an attack Gettysburg. against both Union flanks. James Long- street's thrust on the Federal left overran the Peach Orchard, left the Wheatfield strewn with dead and wounded, and turned camps around Fredericksburg, Va. As the in a desperate attempt to recapture the Southerners trudged northward into Mary­ partial success of the previous day, some land and Pennsylvania, they were followed 12,000 Confederates under Longstreet's by the Union Army of the Potomac. The George Gordon command advanced across the open fields Northerners had seen a number of com­ Meade, Union commander at toward the Federal center.
  • Case Shot & Canister

    Case Shot & Canister

    Case Shot & Canister 1BA Publication of the Delaware Valley Civil War Round Table Partners with Manor College and the Civil War Institute Our 21st Year May 2013 Special Chancellorsville and 4BVolume 23 5BNumber 5 Memorial Day Issue Editor Patricia Caldwell Contributors Hugh Boyle, Book Nook Editor Rose Boyle Mike Burkhimer Nancy Caldwell, Artistic Adviser Jack DeLong Jim Dover Paula Gidjunis Walt Lafty Carol Lieberman Courtney Lee Malpass Tom Stewart Larry Vogel Andy Waskie Our May Meeting Original Photos An Evening with General Meade Patricia Caldwell (unless otherwise noted) Presenter: Historian Dr. Andy Waskie Tuesday, May 21, 2013 3BUOfficers President 7:30 pm Hugh Boyle 6:15 pm for dinner Vice President Jerry Carrier Radisson Hotel Treasurer Route 1 @ Old Lincoln Highway Herb Kaufman Secretary Trevose, PA Patricia Caldwell e-mail:[email protected] U Dinner Menu – Roast Sirloin, served with Caesar Salad, rolls, phone: (215)638-4244 butter, iced tea, diet soda and dessert. website: HUwww.dvcwrt.orgU Substitute: Pasta (chef’s selection). Umailing addresses: for membership: Call Rose Boyle at 215-638-4244 for reservations 2601 Bonnie Lane Huntingdon Valley PA 19006 by May 16. Dinner Price $24.00 [Note new dinner price!] for newsletter items: You are responsible for dinners not cancelled 3201 Longshore Avenue Philadelphia PA 19149-2025 by Monday morning May 20. serves on the board of the GAR Museum & Library In This Issue in Frankford. Events for the 1863 sesquicentennial year Preservation news from Paula Gidjunis Larry Vogel summarizes our April meeting Murder or Retribution? – a “Civil War Vignette” Current schedule for the Civil War Institute Hugh Boyle laments the possible demise of a Gettysburg staple, and Mike Burkhimer reviews a classic by Gordon Rhea in the Book Nook Chancellorsville & Robert E.
  • High Water Mark Heroes, Myth, and Memory

    High Water Mark Heroes, Myth, and Memory

    High Water Mark Heroes, Myth, and Memory D. Scott Hartwig In his address at the dedication of the 20th Maine monument in 1889 Joshua Chamberlain said to the gathered group: In great deeds something abides. On great fields something stays. Forms change and pass; bodies disappear; but spirits linger, to consecrate ground for the vision- place of souls. And reverent men and women from afar, and generations that we know not of, heart-drawn to see where and by whom great things were suffered and done for them, shall come to this deathless field, to ponder and dream, and lo! The shadow of a mighty presence shall wrap them in its bosom, and the power of the vision pass into their souls.1 The power of Chamberlain’s words still echo at Gettysburg. Something does remain here on the Gettysburg battlefield. Something felt, not seen. And as Chamberlain foresaw, men and women that he and his comrades would not know have come, and continue to come, to this place in numbers that might have surprised him, to “ponder and dream,” but also to understand, and perhaps find something of themselves upon these fields. There are many evocative places on the battlefield. It is a unique landscape in its own right which the battle, with its post-war memorials and monuments, only rendered more exceptional. Yet it is one of its seemingly most unremarkable places that holds the greatest power and symbolism for those who visit the battlefield. Known variously as the High Water Mark, the Angle, the Clump of Trees, or the Copse of Trees, it is the place where the final great bid for Confederate victory at Gettysburg – Pickett’s Charge – was smashed and thrown back on the steamy afternoon of July 3, 1863.
  • Gettysburg 2013 X Ii

    Gettysburg 2013 X Ii

    G E T T Y S B U R G | The Second Day [ PART II of III ] D A V E B O E C K H O U T Version 3: 2013 © Edited and revised for the 150th commemoration of The Battle of Gettysburg—July 1-3, 2013— as well as the 20th Anniversary of the trip that led to this narrative documentary. The original preface: Thursday July 1—Saturday July 3, 1993, marked the 130th commemoration of the Battle of Gettysburg. I spent these three days out in the fields, valleys, woods, along the creeks and runs and atop the ridges and hills where this battle took place. I mapped my movements, based on location and time, to coincide with the flow of battle. The following writings are the result ~ 2 D Boeckhout | InHeritage THE SECOND DAY Union troop deployment . The night of the 1st and early morning of the 2nd became a mad rush to field and place a defensive line for the U.S. Army of the Potomac. For just across the fields to their front, Robert E. Lee had both Hill’s III Corps and Ewell’s II Corps at full-strength, the predominant portion of Longstreet’s I Corps having encamped but a few miles west along the Cashtown-Chambersburg Pike. Meade knew that Lee would hit hard as soon as he was able and wanted adequate strength in place to meet the attacks. It had become a simple matter of time management: who could assemble their force first and use it most effectively.
  • Foundation Document Gettysburg National Military Park Pennsylvania August 2016 Foundation Document

    Foundation Document Gettysburg National Military Park Pennsylvania August 2016 Foundation Document

    NATIONAL PARK SERVICE • U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Foundation Document Gettysburg National Military Park Pennsylvania August 2016 Foundation Document To Pennsylvania Turnpike and Harrisburg North Self-guiding One-way M B u i BR g Auto Tour traffic 0 0.5 1 Kilometer m 15 To York, 83 , m l e 15 and Lancaster as r v 0 0.5 1 Mile b i ur l l d g e a Historic Trail o R R o Downtown R To 81 and n a u d o g R a r Chambersburg Gettysburg d u b y s b i r h Eternal Light r g a 1 A u H Tour stops Peace Jones Battalion o l l i Avenue 34 ld W Memorial A complete tour of the park consists of the O Knoxlyn 2 Self-guiding Auto Tour Road 30 C h a —16 numbered tour stops, the Barlow Knoll m b er e sb u Barlow urg n Loop, and the Historic Downtown Gettysburg e R v Observation Knoll oa A d stops—and East Cavalry Battlefield Site. d Oak Tower r 3 ue o en 30 f Ridge Av u rd B a Cavalry Field Road w York Road o H Information The e Railroad Doubleday Ave u (summer only) n Cut Harrisburg Street e Lincoln Ave Av Ave College McPherson Gettysburg lry Buford Avenue a Barn College Coster Avenue v Ca Meredith e 1 at Avenue GETTYSBURG er Stratton St Stratton d Racehorse Alley fe on McPherson St Carlisle Gettysburg Parking Deck C Ridge Train Station B York Street Lutheran Theological Square A David Wills House Seminary West Middle St East Middle Street E Gregg Avenue e n a t u R s Hanover Road Reynolds Avenue a t r s C e n o n d e n u d v e a e f R Low Dutch Road o f t e R S d n ld e e EAST CAVALRY o fi St Washington ir r Fa C a te Baltimore Street Baltimore BATTLEFIELD SITE t A R s o Gettysburg v e c e k m n W Hospital u l East u P e 116 McMillan Woods C Soldiers’ re Cemetery e k Youth Group National Hill Campground Monument (reservation only) 14 Observation 116 Tower Entrance to East Cavalry United States Cavalry Ave 4 North Battlefield Site Carolina Steinwehr Avenue 16 Soldiers’ Memorial National is approximately Spangler’s 4 miles/6 kilometers Brian Barn Cemetery 15 13 Spring from Visitor Center.
  • The Key to the Entire Situation1

    The Key to the Entire Situation1

    The Key to the Entire Situation1 The Peach Orchard, July 2, 1863 Eric A. Campbell “The Peach Orchard is located at the junction of the Emmetsburg and the Wheatfield…roads, and is on a hill or high knoll… Many histories have been written; but, in all, the fighting at the Peach Orchard, which barely escaped bringing disaster to the Army [of the Potomac], has been hardly referred to, as of any importance.” 2 th Capt. John Bigelow, 9 Massachusetts Battery Of all the landmarks on the Gettysburg battlefield made famous by the fighting of July 2, 1863 (such as Little Round Top, Devil's Den, the Wheatfield, Culp’s Hill, and Cemetery Hill), the one that has received the least amount of attention is the Peach Orchard. This is somewhat puzzling, for not only was the combat that occurred there critical in the overall struggle that day, but it also involved some of the most well-known personalities of the battle: men such as James Longstreet, Daniel Sickles, George Meade, and William Barksdale. Even more surprising, two of the most hotly debated controversies of this historic engagement, the Meade-Sickles Controversy and the Longstreet Countermarch episode, are associated with the events surrounding the Peach Orchard. Despite this lack attention, it can be argued that no single area more heavily influenced the events of the second day of the battle than did the Peach Orchard. Indeed the orchard, and the surrounding terrain, affected nearly every phase of the battle, from the creation of the opposing battle lines and battle plans that morning, to the tactical level of troop movements and combat in the afternoon and early evening.
  • Indiana Magazine of History Volumexxxv September,1939 Number3

    Indiana Magazine of History Volumexxxv September,1939 Number3

    INDIANA MAGAZINE OF HISTORY VOLUMEXXXV SEPTEMBER,1939 NUMBER3 The Commemoration of Antietam and Gettysburg* JAMESW. FESLER On September 17, 1937, the United States Antietam Celebration Committee commemorated with elaborate cere- monies the seventy-fifth anniversary of the Battle of An- tietam. Active preparation for this observance had been under way for more than two years. The Federal govern- ment, the state of Maryland, Washington County and Hagers- town, the county seat, located thirteen miles north of the battlefield, all cooperated in this unprecedented commemora- tion. It was a celebration conceived and carried through to a noteworthy achievement around the living survivors, both Union and Confederate, of the battle fought seventy-five years before-an almost incredible pr0gram.l In the North, the battle fought on this field is known as the Battle of Antietam, and the war of which it was a part, as the Civil War. In the South this battle is known as the Battle of Sharpsburg, and the war as the War Between the States. The story of the Battle of Antietam properly begins three and a half days before the battle. On Septem- ber 13, an unexpected incident took place without which, it is not presumptuous, perhaps, to assert, that the Battle of Antietam would not have occurred. On the afternoon of September 13, 1862, B. W. Mitchell, a private soldier of Company F, Twenty-seventh Indiana Volunteer Infantry, one of five Indiana regiments then in the Army of the Potomac, while stacking arms preparatory to making camp about two miles south of Frederick, Mary- land, on the site where Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia *This paper was read before the Indianapolis Literary Club on Oct.