Second Division Memorial Modification
Second Division Memorial Modification
Section 106 Consulting Parties Meeting October 15, 2019 4:00 – 5:00pm Advisory Council on Historic Preservation Offices
NPS / Nathan King AGENDA
1. Introductions 2. Overview of Undertaking 3. Site History 4. Review of Draft Area of Potential Effect 5. Options 6. Discussion 7. Project Status and Next Steps Authorizing Legislation
• In 2018, Congress authorized a modification to the Second Division Memorial. • The modification may include additional commemorative elements or engravings on the raised platform or stone work of the existing Second Division Memorial to further honor the members of the Second Infantry Division who have given their lives in service to the United States. Site Context
• The project area is located on NPS land between 17th Street Northwest and Constitution Avenue in the District of Columbia. • President’s Park (PRPA) administers the project area. • The project area is located in the National Mall Historic District and the President’s Park South cultural landscape. Site History 1792
Andrew Ellicott (1792) L’Enfant’s Plan of the City of Washington, Library of Congress, Geography and Maps Division. Site History 1816
District Of Columbia. Office Of The Surveyor, and Benjamin Henry Latrobe. (1816) Plan of the west end of the public appropriation in the city of Washington, called the Mall: as proposed to be arranged for the site of the university. 1816. Map. Retrieved from the Library of Congress,
Map: King, R't [Robert] 1818 A Map of the City of Washington in the District of Columbia. W. Cooper, Washington. On file, Library of Congress Geography and Maps Division, Washington, D.C. Site History 1829
Elliot, William, 1773?-1837, S. Alfred Elliot, and G. H Throop. Plan of the city of Washington: seat of government of the United States. [Washington, D.C.: s.n, 1829] Map. Retrieved from the Library of Congress,
H.S. Tanner (1836) Map of the ‘City of Washington,’ Library of Congress, Geography and Map Division. Site History 1857
Boschke, A, and Julius Bien. (1857) Map of Washington City, District of Columbia, seat of the federal government: respectfully dedicated to the Senate and the House of Representatives of the United States of North America. [Washington: A. Boschke, 1857] Map. Retrieved from the Library of Congress,
Detail from P.C. Hain’s 1887 ‘Proposed Improvements of James Creek canal’ Library of Congress, Geography and Map Division. Site History 1901
The McMillan Plan of 1901, National Capital Planning Commission, Washington, DC. 1949 1988
1999 2019 Timeline March 3, 1931 Authorized by Congress July 18, 1936 Second Division Memorial dedication August 14, 1957 Congress authorizes modifications to honor WWII and Korean War 1962 Modification completed, panels with flagpoles on either side of the dais 1975 Landscape development plan prepared
1980 Regilding and repointing 1993 Cleaning and regilding 2002 – 2003 Full rehabilitation 2018 Congress authorizes memorial modification Memorial Features • James Earle Fraser (sculptor) and John Russell Pope (architect) • Pink Stony Creek, Connecticut granite; Minnesota gneiss foundation • 18-foot high sword sculpture cast by the Roman Bronze Works, New York • Central panel creates an open gateway that frames the flaming sword with the Indian head insignia on the hilt • Granite pedestal supporting hand/sword reads “To Our Dead 1917-1919” • Second Division’s World War I battles inscribed on portal sides with relief sculptures of laurel wreaths • V-cut lettering filled with gold leaf • 1962: WWII (west) and Korean War (east) 1. Horydczak, Theodor, Approximately, photographer. Site of Second Division monument. Plowed site of Second Division monument I. ca. 1920-ca. 1950. Photograph. Retrieved from the Library of Congress,
1. Aerial view of Pennsylvania Ave. looking west, ca. 1930. (Records of the Public Buildings Service, National Archives) 2. Historic American Buildings Survey, Creator. White House Grounds & Ellipse, Washington, District of Columbia, DC. Documentation Compiled After 1933. Photograph. Retrieved from the Library of Congress,
Edward Field Sanford and Theodore J. Young, ca. 1930 Design
Charles Keck, American eagle protecting Proposals the French rooster, ca. 1930
1. Proposed design by Edward Field Sanford and Theodore J. Young, ca. 1930. Records for the Commission of Fine Arts, RG 66, National Archives and Records Administration. 2. Charles Keck’s design with the American eagle protecting the French rooster, ca. 1930. U.S. Commission of Fine Arts photo files. 3. Model of proposed design by Finn Frolich. The Indian Head, January 1927. Hanford MacNider Papers, Herbert Hoover Library. James Earle Fraser, sketch drawings
1. Updated drawing by James Earle Fraser of an early proposal for the Second Division Memorial. James Earle and Laura Gardin Fraser Papers, Special Collections Research Center. Syracuse University Library. 2. Updated alternative design sketch by James Earle Fraser. James Earle and Laura Gardin Fraser Papers, Special Collections, Research Center. Syracuse University Library. 3. Theodore Roosevelt Association Medal of Honor by James Earle Fraser. (1923) Photographed by permission of the Theodore Roosevelt Association. Landscape Development Plan - 1975 Archaeological Assessment
• Nearby Projects: • Archaeological Evaluation - President’s Park, 1995 • Southside Barrier Project, 2003, Louis Berger • Constitution Gardens, 2015, Louis Berger • Fill is likely to be approximately 10’ deep, with a range between 8’ to 15’ • Below 8’: Potential for an intact pre- 1850 ground surface • Potential for Native American artifacts along Tiber River bank • Potential for trash disposal associated with the 17th Street Wharf
Boschke, A, and Julius Bien. (1857) Draft Area of Potential Effect 6 7 8 LEGEND 5 Draft Area of Potential Effect (APE)
Project Site
President’s Park South Cultural Landscape 4 Washington Monument Ground Cultural Landscape
Lincoln Memorial Grounds Cultural Landscape
Virginia Avenue NW Cultural Landscape 3 Constitution Garden Cultural Landscape 9 East and West Potomac Parks Historic District
Federal Triangle Historic District
2 Pennsylvania Avenue Historic District
Seventeenth Street Historic District 1 National Mall Historic District
L’Enfant Plan of the City of Washington Vista in the APE
Olmsted Plan Vista in the APE
McMillan Plan Vista in the APE 12 10 Historic Resources in the APE 1 – Second Division Memorial 2 – Organization of American States Building 3 – Daughters of the American Revolution Continental Memorial Hall and Constitution Hall 4 – American Red Cross National Headquarters 5 – Corcoran School of the Arts & Design 6 – First Division Memorial 7 – General William Tecumseh statue 13 14 8 – Pershing Park (WWI Memorial in progress) 11 9 – U.S. Department of Commerce 10 – National Museum of African American History and Culture 11 – Washington Monument and ground 12 – Constitution Gardens 13 – Reflecting Pool 14 – World War II Memorial 0 125 250 meters The Second Indianhead Division Association Memorial Foundation October 15, 2019 SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 2 MEMORIAL CHRONOLOGY - ORIGINAL ELEVATION AND PLAN ORIGINAL MEMORIAL, 1936
SOUTH ELEVATION - NTS
PLAN VIEW - NTS
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 3 MEMORIAL CHRONOLOGY - ADDITION TO ELEVATION AND PLAN MEMORIAL ADDITION, 1962
SOUTH ELEVATION - NTS
PLAN VIEW - NTS
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 4 EXISTING MEMORIAL - PERSPECTIVE
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 5 EXISTING MEMORIAL - ELEVATION AND PLAN 70’-0” 29’-2” 12’-2”
23’-6 1/4”
14’-5”
8” 3’-3” 3’-11”
SOUTH ELEVATION - NTS
58’-0” 33’-6”
5’-8 3/4” 2’-9”
14’-2” 20’-8”
5’-8 3/4” 6’
PLAN VIEW - NTS
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 6 OPTION A
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 7 OPTION A - PERSPECTIVE
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 8 OPTION A - ELEVATION AND PLAN 70’-0” 29’-2” 12’-2”
23’-6 1/4”
14’-5”
8” 3’-3” 3’-3” 3’-11”
SOUTH ELEVATION - NTS
58’-0” 33’-6”
2’-9” 5’-8 3/4” 2’-9”
14’-2” 20’-8”
5’-8 3/4” 6’ 23’-8 ”
PLAN VIEW - NTS
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 9 OPTION A - PERSPECTIVE
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 10 OPTION B
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 11 OPTION B - PERSPECTIVE
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 12 OPTION B - ELEVATION AND PLAN 70’-0” 29’-2” 12’-2”
23’-6 1/4”
14’-5”
8” 8” 3’-11” 3’-3” 3’-3” 3’-11”
SOUTH ELEVATION - NTS 58’-0” 33’-6”
2’-9” 5’-8 3/4” 2’-9”
14’-2” 20’-8”
5’-8 3/4” 6’ 23’-8 ”
PLAN VIEW - NTS
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 13 OPTION B - PERSPECTIVE
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 14 OPTION C
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 15 OPTION C - PERSPECTIVE
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 16 OPTION C - ELEVATION AND PLAN 70’-0” 29’-2” 12’-2”
23’-6 1/4”
14’-5”
8” 8” 3’-11” 3’-3” 3’-3” 3’-11”
SOUTH ELEVATION - NTS
58’-0” 33’-6”
2’-9” 4’-10 3/4” 5’-8 3/4” 2’-9” 14’-2” 20’-8”
5’-8 3/4” 6’ 29’-2 3/4 ”
PLAN VIEW - NTS
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 17 OPTION C - PERSPECTIVE
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 18 OPTION D
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 19 PREFERRED OPTION D - PERSPECTIVE
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 20 PREFERRED OPTION D - ELEVATION AND PLAN 29’-2” 12’-2”
23’-6 1/4”
14’-5”
8” 4’-10 3/4” 3’-3” 3’-3” 3’-11”
SOUTH ELEVATION - NTS 70’-0”
5’-8 3/4” 2’-9”
14’-2” 20’-8” 10’-6 1/2” 5’-8 3/4” 6’
4’-10 3/4”
7’-9” PLAN VIEW - NTS 29’-2 3/4 ”
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 21 PREFERRED OPTION D - PERSPECTIVE
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 22 PREFERRED OPTION D - EXPANSION CHRONOLOGY
ORIGINAL MEMORIAL CURRENT MEMORIAL ADDITION
PROPOSED EXPANSION
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 23 PREFERRED OPTION D - PLINTH ELEVATIONS CONCEPT
7’-9” 4’ - 10-3/4”
TO OUR DEAD TO OUR DEAD
GUARDING FREEDOMS FRONTIER OPERATION IRAQI FREEDOM 3’-3” 3’-3” KOREAN DEMILITARIZED ZONE 1965-1991 IRAQ 2003-2010
OPTION D PLINTH - EAST/WEST ELEVATION - NTS OPTION D PLINTH - SOUTH ELEVATION - NTS
7’-9” 7’-9”
TO OUR DEAD TO OUR DEAD OPERATION IRAQI FREEDOM OPERATION ENDURING FREEDOM IRAQ 2003-2010 3’-3” 3’-3” AFGHANISTAN 2003-2013 OPERATION ENDURING FREEDOM AFGHANISTAN 2009-2013
OPTION D PLINTH - EAST/WEST ELEVATION - NTS OPTION D PLINTH - EAST/WEST ELEVATION - NTS
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 24 PREFERRED OPTION D - PLINTH ELEVATIONS CONCEPT
4’ - 10-3/4” 4’ - 10-3/4”
5” TO OUR DEAD 2” 8-3/4” 6-1/2” TO OUR DEAD 2” 1950 2” 5-1/2” 6-1/2” OPERATION IRAQI FREEDOM 2” 3’-3” 3’-3” 3-1/2” 1954 2” IRAQ 2003-2010 2” 6-1/2” 2” 1’-3 1/4” 6-1/2”
EXISTING INSCRIPTION PHOTO ELEVATION REPLICATING EXISTING INSCRIPTION ELEVATION DEMONSTRATING PROPOSED INSCRIPTION
EXISTING INSCRIPTION REFERENCE IMAGES
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 25 ACCESSIBILITY CONCEPTS
OPTION D1 OPTION D2 OPTION D3
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 26 ACCESSIBILITY CONCEPTS
Photo of current topographic conditions at the memorial. Land is fairly flat and would not require extensive landscape grading to accomplish an access route.
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 27 ACCESSIBILITY CONCEPTS
MEMORIAL SITE
LINEAR ACCESSIBLE PATH SITE PLAN
LINEAR APPROACH
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 28 ACCESSIBILITY CONCEPTS
MEMORIAL SITE
CURVILINEAR ACCESSIBLE PATH SITE PLAN
CURVILINEAR APPROACH
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 29 ACCESSIBILITY CONCEPTS
EXISTING SIDEWALK ADJACENT TO MEMORIAL SITE
ADJACENT CURVILINEAR PATH
SECOND INDIANHEAD DIVISION MEMORIAL MODIFICATION October 15, 2019 Page 30 Discussion
• Potential effects • Identified minimization measures • Potential mitigation measures Next Steps
• CFA Review - October 17, 2019) • NCPC Review - November 7, 2019 • Receive comments by October 29, 2019 at https://parkplanning.nps.gov/seconddivision • Section 106 consultation - Continue design and evaluation of potential adverse effects on historic properties Project Contacts and Website
• PEPC: https://parkplanning.nps.gov/seconddivision
• Office of the National Park Service Liaison to the White House Attn: Second Division Memorial 1849 C Street, N.W. ; Room #1426 Washington, DC 20240