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Excursion to the Frome District, Somerset: May 28Th to June 1St

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EXC URSION TO THE FROME DI STRICT, SO:lIE RSET. 209 that Dr. Abbott would continue his researches relating to this extremely interesting subject. Th e party left Tunbridge Wells by the 8. II train. R EFERENCES. Geological Survey Map, Sheet 6. Geological Survey, Hori zontal Sections, Sh eet 77. 1875. TOPLEY, W.-I< Geology of the Weald ." M'm. e,o!. S urvey, 1879. FAWCETT. W.-I< Excursion to Tu nbridge Wells." Ruord of Ex­ cursrons, pp. 38-44. 1887. WOODWARD. H. B.-I< Geology of England and Wal es." Fig. 57. and pp. 359-365. 1895. R. S. HERRIES and G. ABBOTT.- " Excursion to Tunbridge Well s." P rrc, Geol. A ssoc., vol. xiv, p. 198. 18g8. R. S. HERRIES.-I< Excursion to Crowborough." Proc. Geoi. Assoc., vol. xv, p. 450. EXCURSION TO THE FROME DISTRICT, SOMERSET MAY 28TH TO JUNE 1ST (WHITSUNTIDE), 1909. Director , L. RICHARD SON, F.R.S.E., F.L.S., F.G.S. Excursion Secretary : G. W. YOUN G. eR,pori b;'THE Dm EcToR.) T HE official party left Paddington on May zSth at 5 p.m., and arrived at Frome at 7.19 p.m., the headquarters being at the George Hotel, Frome. T he main object of the excursion was to study the Inferior Oolite of the Bath-Doulting District and its relations to the beds immediat ely above and below it. In the circular of the Whitsuntide Excursion to the Middle and South Cotteswolds, etc., of 1 908 , it was stated that " in all some twenty-seven sub -divisions have been made of the Inferior­ Oolite Series in the West of England . Between the Upper Lias and a bed in the Inferior Oolite called the' U pper Trigonia­ Grit I should come twenty of these. Three, however, are not represented at all in the region between Chipping Nort on and the Mendip Hills, and the others are not co-extensive with that tract; sometimes they are present, at others absent. This appearance and disappearance of the sub-Upper Tngonia-Grit Inferior-Oolite deposits has been found to be due to crust-pressures, which have from time to time thrown the deposited rocks into anticl inal and synclinal flexures-the rocks in the synclines being preserved according to their amount of depression, and those on the anti­ clines being removed according to their amount of elevation. Th e most intense flexuring that took place in Inferior-Oolite times preceded the deposition of the Upper Tngollia·Grit, and PROC. GKOL. Assoc. VOL. XXI. PART 4. 1909.] 16 210 EXCURSION TO THE FROME DISTRICT, SOMERSET. the geographical distribution of the pre-Garantiana Inferior­ Oolite sub-divisions has been mainly governed thereby. Thus at Leckhampton Hill the Upper Tngonia-Grit is parted from the , Freestone Series I by the Notgrove Freestone, Gryphite-Grit, Buckmani-Grit, and Lower Tngonia-Grit; at Birdlip the' Upper Trigonia-Grit' and' Freestone' are in apposition; in the neighbour­ hood of Swift's Hill, near Stroud, the 'Intervening Beds' are the same as at Leckhampton; but then, to the south of the Stroud Valley, they begin to die out, and from Selsley Hill to beyond Sodbury the Upper Trigonia-Grit and Freestone beds are in apposition again. Between the last locality and Bath even the , Freestone Series' disappears, and the'Grit' comes to rest upon the Sands of the Upper Lias." From Bath to the neighbourhood- of the Mendip Hills there is no Inferior-Oolite deposit of earlier date than this Upper Tngonia-Grit, and near Vallis Vale even this bed is overstepped by the equivalent of the Crypeus-Grit of the Cheltenham district, which there comes to rest directly upon the remarkably level­ planed and bored surface of the highly-inclined Carboniferous Limestone. On the south side of the Mendip Hills, however, in the railway-cutting at Doulting, the Upper Trzgonia-Grit comes in again, and its marked resemblance to the conglomerate-bed of Wellow and of Maes Knoll, Dundry, is distinctly noticeable. The Inferior-Oolite beds of the Bath-Doulting district between the Upper Trzgonia-Grit and the Fuller's Earth are the equivalent of the Crypeus-Grit of the Cheltenham district, but whereas in the latter district the whole deposit is rubbly as a rule, in the former this feature is the exception. The following sub-division of the Inferior Oolite of the Doulting district has been made: Approximate Sub-divisions, thickness in feet. ' i.-Rubbly-Beds; Terebra!ula globa!a, f DOULTING.. auctt., ~on Sowerby, common, etc.... 8 =Clyj;eus- 8~ BEDS. { 1I.-AnabaCla-Llmestones ... ... ... Grit. iii.-Douiting Stone; massive Freestone... 44 (Upper Coral-Bed and Dundry Freestone wanting.) vi.-" Conglomerate-Bed" [Upper Trigonia- UpP,er I 1:; '] .cngoma- Gnt I" Grit. The Members left Frome about 9.15 a.m, on Saturday, and drove to Maes Down-a hill about a mile and a half to the south of Doulting. Here the Director pointed out the geography of the country embraced within the view, calling particular attention to the ever-inspiring Glastonbury Tor and the long line of the Mendips, which, he said, marked an anticlinal axis along which movement EXCURSION TO THE FROME DISTRICT, SO~IERSET. 2 I I had taken place time after time. During the course of the excursion they would have the opportunity of studying some of the effects of these movements in the littoral deposits of certain Neozoic rocks, Moore's so-called" dykes," and markedly planed surfaces. Away from the Mendip . Hills the various deposits assumed their normal aspect, and here at Maes Down the Marl­ stone of the Middle Lias was present and well-developed. Its presence had been overlooked during the Geological Survey of the district, and was not shown therefore on the official map. An inspection was made of the quarry, and evidence of the basement-beds of the Upper Lias was also obtained in the form of many ammonites.* Entering next the Farmcombe Quarry'[ a magnificent section was seen showing the upper portion of the Doulting Stone, the Anab.uia-Limestones, Rubbly Beds and basal Fuller's Earth Clay. It was remarked that the Doulting Stone would be better seen in the next quarry to be visited-that called locally "Brambleditch "--but attention was directed to the fact that its topmost stratum had a waterworn and bored surface with oysters attached. Then come the Anabacia-Limestones. It is often somewhat difficult to separate them from the Doulting Stone on the one hand and the Rubbly Beds on the other. Typically, however, while the Doulting Stone is brownish, very sparry-as at the Chelynch Quarry-and not conspicuously oolitic, the Anabacia-Limestones are white and finely-oolitic, the oolite­ granules being noticeably even-sized. At the recently-opened Holcombe-Lane Quarry, about a quarter-of-a-mile to the east of the Farmcombe Quarry, these distinctions are very well marked.] From the Rubbly Beds the Anabacia-Limestones are differen­ tiable on account of their being typically not so brown, rubbly or fossiliferous. Crowds of Terebratula globata, auctt., moreover, occur in the Rubbly Beds. The Rubbly Beds are subject to some variation in thickness, in the neighbourhood of Midford being represented only by a thin rubbly layer which is hard to separate from the Fuller's Earth. At the Doulting-Bridge or Brambleditch Quarry the Doulting Stone was finely exposed, and from the succeeding Inferior-Oolite and Fuller's-Earth Beds many fossils were collected-the crowds of Ostrea knorri eliciting particular comment. The members of the party then viewed the section in the adjoining railway cutting from a bridge, and the Director pointed out where the bottom and conglomeratic bed of the Oolite rests upon the Lias j and the succeeding and thinner-bedded limestones of the Doulting Stone when compared with the superjacent massive beds of Doulting Freestone of commercial * Geot. M ae.. t906, p. 368. t Quart. [ourn, Geo/. Soc.. vol. lxiii (1907), pp, 38~-397. Geol. Mag. (1908), p. SU, I Traces of Fuller's Earth (Knorri-Clays), filling in fissures in the A nabaCla-Lime· stones, occur here. 212 EXCURSION TO THE FROME DISTRICT, SOMERSET. fame. Farther along the cutting typical Anabacia-Limestones are excellently exposed and have their top-layer noticeably bored. Then come the Rubbly Beds and Fuller's Earth, so that a complete view of the Inferior Oolite as developed in this neighbourhood is obtained. Pointing to the higher ground to the south the Director stated that in the sides of the Chesterblade Road, just before it topped the hill, were to be seen crowds of valves of Ostrea acuminata, Sow. The horizon at which this oyster was most abundant appeared to be just below the well-known Fuller's-Earth Rock. In the ditches alongside the lanes on that high ground lay innumerable specimens of Ornifhella omithoupha!a and its multitudinous varieties; while in the Alham-Lane Quarry the sequence of (I) Ostrea acuminata and (2) Omithe/la ornithocepha!a was corroborated by the former fossil being found in the days which had been deeply cut into by the wheels of the carts ascending the bank to this quarry, and the latter occurring the most abundantly in the rubble and top-soil of the excavation, Amongst the fossils that can be collected at Alham Lane are the following : Pseudomelania, Pleurotomaria, Natica (of N.­ bajodensis-group) , Serpula tricariuata, Sow., S. limax, Goldfuss, S. jJlimtilis, Diastopora mithelini (Lamarck), Hoiectypus hemi­ spherims (Agassiz), H. depressus (Leske), Rhynchonella smitht~ Walker, Terebratula globata. auctt, non Sow., Ornithella ornithocephala (Sow.) and varieties and mutations, Ceromya plicata, Agassiz, Chlamys vagans (Sow.), Cypricardia bathonica d'Orb., Gervillia acuta, Sow., Goniomya angulifera (Sow.), Gresslya peregrina (Phillips), Homomya gibbosa (Sow.), Luana (cast), Lima duplicata (Sow.), Limatula gibbosa (Sow.), Pieuromya sp., Pholadomya sp., Protocardia buckmani (Morris and Lycett), Ostrea costata, Sow.
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  • Notice of Poll

    Notice of Poll

    SOMERSET COUNTY COUNCIL ELECTION OF A COUNTY COUNCILLOR FROME EAST DIVISION NOTICE OF POLL Notice is hereby given that: 1. A poll for the election of A COUNTY COUNCILLOR for the FROME EAST DIVISION will be held on THURSDAY 4 MAY 2017, between the hours of 7:00 AM and 10:00 PM 2. The names, addresses and descriptions of the Candidates remaining validly nominated and the names of all the persons signing the Candidates nomination papers are as follows: Name of Candidate Address Description Names of Persons who have signed the Nomination Paper Eve 9 Whitestone Road The Conservative J M Harris M Bristow BERRY Frome Party Candidate B Harris P Bristow Somerset Kelvin Lum V Starr BA11 2DN Jennifer J Lum S L Pomeroy J Bristow J A Bowers Martin John Briars Green Party G Collinson Andrew J Carpenter DIMERY Innox Hill K Harley R Waller Frome J White T Waller Somerset M Wride M E Phillips BA11 2LW E Carpenter J Thomas Alvin John 1 Hillside House Liberal Democrats A Eyers C E Potter HORSFALL Keyford K M P Rhodes A Boyden Frome Deborah J Webster S Hillman BA11 1LB J P Grylls T Eames A J Shingler J Lewis David Alan 35 Alexandra Road Labour Party William Lowe Barry Cooper OAKENSEN Frome Jean Lowe R Burnett Somerset M R Cox Karen Burnett BA11 1LX K A Cooper A R Howard S Norwood J Singer 3. The situation of the Polling Stations for the above election and the Local Government electors entitled to vote are as follows: Description of Persons entitled to Vote Situation of Polling Stations Polling Station No Local Government Electors whose names appear on the Register of Electors for the said Electoral Area for the current year.
  • Edith Wharton. Ethan Frome

    Edith Wharton. Ethan Frome

    ETHAN FROME 2 which he put without a glance into his sagging pocket. At intervals, Edith WARTON . however, the post-master would hand him an envelope addressed to Mrs. Zenobia–or Mrs. Zeena–Frome, and usually bearing conspi- Ethan Frome (1911) cuously in the upper left-hand corner the address of some manufactur- er of patent medicine and the name of his specific. These documents my neighbour would also pocket without a glance, as if too much used I had the story, bit by bit, from various people, and, as generally to them to wonder at their number and variety, and would then turn happens in such cases, each time it was a different story. away with a silent nod to the post-master. If you know Starkfield, Massachusetts, you know the post-office. If Every one in Starkfield knew him and gave him a greeting tem- you know the post-office you must have seen Ethan Frome drive up to pered to his own grave mien; but his taciturnity was respected and it it, drop the reins on his hollow-backed bay and drag himself across the was only on rare occasions that one of the older men of the place de- brick pavement to the white colonnade: and you must have asked who tained him for a word. When this happened he would listen quietly, he was. his blue eyes on the speaker’s face, and answer in so low a tone that his It was there that, several years ago, I saw him for the first time; and words never reached me; then he would climb stiffly into his buggy, the sight pulled me up sharp.