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2020 Vol. 06 Heft 02 Polystachya Kathrinae Titelseiten S. 6 Die Volume 6(02) 2020 Orchidee Journal der Deutschen Orchideen-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Orchideenkunde ISSN-Internet 2366-0643 7 Polystachya kathrinae und Pol. maculata ssp. muloloensis Die Orchidee 6(02), 2020/E-Paper Die Orchidee Herausgeber: Deutsche Orchideen-Gesellschaft e. V. Im Zinnstück 2 65527 Niedernhausen/Ts. Deutschland E-Mail: [email protected] Fon: 06127 7057704 Fax: 06127 920329 www.orchidee.de/e-paper/taxonomische-mitteilungen Ausgabedatum: 02.02.2020 Verantwortliche Redakteurin: Irene Bock Vol. 6, Nummer 02, 2020 Inhalt: Polystachya kathrinae und Polystachya maculata ssp. muloloensis – zwei neue epiphytische Orchideen aus dem Nationalpark Kahuzi-Biéga, Demokratische Republik Kongo, und seiner Umgebung Polystachya kathrinae and Polystachya maculata ssp. muloloensis – Two New Epiphytic Orchids from Kahuzi-Biéga National Park, Democratic Re- public of the Congo, and its Surroundings 06 – 16 Eberhard FISCHER, Dorothee KILLMANN, Bonny DUMBO und Landry DUMBO ISONGA Titelbild: Ausschnitt des Blütenstandes mit Blatt/detail of inflorescence and leaf, ca. 5 × nat. Größe/ nat. size Foto/photo: Q. Luke ISSN-Internet 2366-0643 8 Polystachya kathrinae und Pol. maculata ssp. muloloensis Die Orchidee 6(02), 2020/E-Paper Eberhard Fischer, Institut für Inte- Taxonomische grierte Naturwissen- schaften – Biologie, Mitteilungen (I.B.) Universität Koblenz- Landau, Universitätsstraße 1, Polystachya kathrinae und Polystachya 56070 Koblenz, E-mail: <efischer@ maculata ssp. muloloensis – zwei neue uni-koblenz.de> Dorothee Killmann, epiphytische Orchideen aus dem Nati- Institut für Inte- grierte Naturwissen- onalpark Kahuzi-Biéga, Demokratische schaften – Biologie, Universität Koblenz- Landau, Republik Kongo, und seiner Umgebung Universitätsstraße 1 56070 Koblenz, E-mail: <killmann@ Polystachya kathrinae and Polystachya uni-koblenz.de> Bonny Dumbo, Lwiro Herbarium, maculata ssp. muloloensis – Two New Centre de Recherches en Sciences Epiphytic Orchids from Kahuzi-Biéga Naturelles – Bukavu, D. R. Congo, and Cyamudongo National Park, Democratic Republic of Project, Rusizi, Rwanda, the Congo, and its Surroundings E-mail:<b.dumbo212@ rocketmail.com> Landry Dumbo- Isonga, Key words: Polystachya kathrinae, Polystachya maculata ssp. muloloensis, Lwiro Herbarium, Neubeschreibung/new description, Zentralafrikanischer Graben/Albertine Rift, Centre de Recherches en Sciences Demokratische Republik Kongo/Democratic Republic of the Congo, Burundi, Naturelles – Bukavu, Polystachya maculata ssp. maculata D. R. Congo, E-mail: <landrydumbolefranc@ gmail.com> Zusammenfassung: Polystachya kathrinae und Polystachya Abstract: Polystachya kathrinae and Polystachya maculata maculata ssp. muloloensis, zwei neue epiphytische Orchideen ssp. muloloensis, two new epiphytic orchids from Kahuzi-Bié- aus dem Nationalpark Kahuzi-Biéga und seiner Umgebung ga National Park and its surroundings in the Eastern Demo- in der Demokratischen Republik Kongo werden beschrieben. cratic Republic of the Congo are described. Polystachya Polystachya kathrinae gehört zur Sektion Cultriformes KRAENZL. kathrinae belongs to the section Cultriformes KRAENZL. and und steht morphologisch dem Komplex um Polytachya poikil- is morphologically close to Polytachya poikilantha and the antha nahe, unterscheidet sich aber deutlich durch die gelben related taxa, but differs distinctly in the yellow-greenish flow- bis grünlichen Blüten mit weißer, rosa überlaufener Lippe und ers with white lip tinged pink and yellow spot. Polystachya gelbem Fleck. Polystachya maculata ssp. muloloensis ähnelt maculata ssp. muloloensis resembles Polystachya maculata Polystachya maculata ssp. maculata und gehört ebenfalls zur ssp. maculata and belongs also to the section Cultriformes Sektion Cultriformes KRAENZL., unterscheidet sich aber durch KRAENZL. It differs in the yellow to yellowish-cream flowers, die gelben bis gelblich cremefarbenen Blüten, die gelbe Lip- the yellow lip with purple spots only on adaxial side, the base pe mit purpurfarbigen Flecken nur auf der äußeren (adaxialen) of the lip with short clavate hairs and rounded-globose cal- Seite, die Basis der Lippe mit kurzen Keulenhaaren und rund- lus and the leaf ± tapering into pseudobulb and only weakly lich kugeligem Kallus sowie durch das Blatt, dessen Basis sich cordate at base. zur Pseudobulbe ± verjüngt und nur schwach herzförmig ist. Einleitung: Der Zentralafrikanische Graben (Albertsee-Rift) mit Introduction: The Albertine Rift with Eastern D. R. Congo, dem östlichen Kongo, Westuganda, Westruanda und West- Western Uganda, Western Rwanda and Western Burundi pro- burundi stellt eine der wichtigsten Regionen in Afrika für die Er- vides one of the most important regions in Africa for conserva- Die Orchidee 6(02), 2020/E-Paper Polystachya kathrinae und Pol. maculata ssp. muloloensis 9 haltung der Artenvielfalt dar (PLUMPTRE et al. 2007). Er ist ein tion of biodiversity (PLUMPTRE et al. 2007). It is a centre of bi- Zentrum der Biodiversität, welches zahlreiche endemische Arten odiversity which harbours numerous endemic species, among beherbergt, darunter 40 Arten der Gattung Polystachya (MYTNIK- them 40 species of Polystachya (MYTNIK-EJSMONT 2011). EJSMONT 2011). Allein in Ruanda werden 30 Polystachya-Arten In Rwanda, 30 Polystachya species are considered as Alber- als endemisch für das Albertsee-Rift angesehen (FISCHER et tine Rift endemics (FISCHER et al. 2010c), many of them just al. 2010c), viele davon erst vor Kurzem beschrieben (z. B. FI- described recently (e. g. FISCHER et al. 2008, 2009, 2010a, SCHER et al. 2008, 2009, 2010a, b, FISCHER et al. 2012, KILL- b, 2012, KILLMANN & FISCHER 2007, FISCHER et al. 2016). MANN & FISCHER 2007, FISCHER et al. 2016). Die Zahl der The number of local endemics within the genus Polystachya, Lokalendemiten aus der Gattung Polystachya, die in den Gebir- occurring in mountains of the Albertine Rift indicates that this gen des Albertsee-Rifts vorkommen, zeigt an, dass diese Region region is a hot-spot of evolution for the genus where numer- ein "Hotspot“ der Evolution für diese Gattung darstellt, wo sich ous endemic species evolved by allopatric speciation (see also zahlreiche Arten mittels allopatrischer Speziation entwickelten PLUMPTRE et al. 2007). Especially the unifoliate species of (vgl. auch PLUMPTRE et al. 2007). Gerade die einblättrigen Ar- the section Cultriformes KRAENZL. show the highest diversity ten der Sektion Cultriformes KRAENZL. erreichen hier die höchste on a global scale in this region (GEERINCK 1994, MYTNIK- Diversität weltweit (GEERINCK 1994, MYTNIK-EJSMONT 2011). EJSMONT 2011). In der Südkivu-Region der Demokratischen Republik Kon- In the South Kivu-Region of the Democratic Republic of the go fotografierten und sammelten Quentin LUKE und Benny Congo Quentin LUKE and Benny BYTEBIER photographed BYTEBIER eine sehr charakteristische epiphytische Polysta- and collected a very characteristic epiphytic species of chya-Art mit einblättrigen Pseudobulben und leicht verzweig- Polystachya with unifoliate pseudobulbs and slightly branched ter Infloreszenz, die in die Verwandtschaft von Polystachya inflorescence, that belongs to the group of Polystachya poikilantha KRAENZL gehört. Obwohl nur der Blütenstand ein- poikilantha KRAENZL. Despite that only the inflorescence has gesammelt wurde, ist die neue Art so deutlich von den Nach- been collected it seems reasonable to describe the new bararten aus der Polystachya poikilantha-Gruppe (Pol. poiki- species that is very distinctive and differs considerably from lantha KRAENZL., Pol. leucorhoda KRAENZL., Pol. editae EB. FISCH., the related species from the group of Polystachya poikilan- KILLMANN, LEBEL, DELEP. et NZIGIDAHERA) verschieden, dass es tha (Pol. poikilantha KRAENZL., Pol. leucorhoda KRAENZL., Pol. sinnvoll scheint, sie hier zu beschreiben, damit künftig auf editae EB. FISCH., KILLMANN, LEBEL, DELEP. et NZIGIDAHERA). Thus it dieses Taxon geachtet werden kann. can be looked for this new taxon in the future. Bereits 1984 wurde eine spektakuläre neue Art aus Burundi Already in 1984 a spectacular and very showy new species was beschrieben. Polystachya maculata P. J. CRIBB (1984) war an- described from Burundi. Polystachya maculata P. J. CRIBB (1984) fangs nur aus der Kultur bekannt und wurde daher ohne ge- was originally only known from cultivation and the description naue Fundortangabe lediglich mit der Angabe Burundi und der thus lacks a detailed locality except for the country Burundi and ungefähren Höhe von 1 500 m publiziert. Noch in der Bearbei- the approximate altitude with 1 500 m. In the treatment of the tung der Orchideen für die Flore d’Afrique Centrale (GEERINCK family Orchidaceae for “Flore d’Afrique Centrale” (GEERINCK 1994) wird kein genauer Fundort angeben, aber die Art war 1994) still no precise locality was mentioned but the species had schon in die Kultur eingeführt und zahlreiche Internetquellen been subsequently introduced into cultivation and numerous in- (mit Fotos aber auch zu Pflanzen für die Kultur) existieren (z. B. ternet sources (photographs and sources for plant material) exist http://www.orchidspecies.com/polymaculata.htm, (e. g. https://www.petrensorchidshop.eu/products/polystachya- http://www.orchidspecies.com/polymaculata.htm, maculata, https://www.petrensorchidshop.eu/products/polystachya- https://www.orchidsforum.com/threads/polystachya-macula- maculata, ta.15562/). https://www.orchidsforum.com/threads/polystachya-macula- Erst in der monografischen Bearbeitung von MYTNIK-EJS- ta.15562/). MONT (2011) wird das Tal
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