DOCSLIB.ORG

LATIN AMERICA ADVISOR a DAILY PUBLICATION of the DIALOGUE Wednesday, January 29, 2020

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
LATIN AMERICA ADVISOR a DAILY PUBLICATION of the DIALOGUE Wednesday, January 29, 2020 LATIN AMERICA ADVISOR A DAILY PUBLICATION OF THE DIALOGUE www.thedialogue.org Wednesday, January 29, 2020 BOARD OF ADVISORS FEATURED Q&A TODAY’S NEWS Diego Arria Director, Columbus Group POLITICAL Devry Boughner Vorwerk Has the Special Death Toll in CEO, DevryBV Sustainable Strategies Brazil Flooding Joyce Chang Global Head of Research, Election Changed Rises to 52 JPMorgan Chase & Co. In addition to the deaths, at least Paula Cifuentes 65 people have been injured and Director of Economic & Fiscal Affairs, Peru’s Politics? two are missing after heavy rains Latin America & Canada, Philip Morris International ponded Minas Gerais state. Marlene Fernández Page 2 Corporate Vice President for Government Relations, Arcos Dorados BUSINESS Peter Hakim President Emeritus, Banco do Brasil Inter-American Dialogue Labor Charges Donna Hrinak President, Boeing Latin America ‘Absurd’: Union Jon E. Huenemann State-controlled lender Banco do Former Corporate and Brasil’s plan to make it easier to Government Senior Executive hire and fire staff is “absurd,” said James R. Jones a bank employees union. A leader Chairman, of the union called the plan an Monarch Global Strategies Peru’s Popular Force party, led by Keiko Fujimori, was previously the biggest opposition party attack on workers’ rights. Craig A. Kelly in Peru’s Congress. After Sunday’s election, it has been left with a fraction of the seats it once Director, Americas International had. // File Photo: TV Perú. Page 3 Gov’t Relations, Exxon Mobil Peruvians selected legislators on Sunday in an election that John Maisto ECONOMIC Director, U.S. Education President Martín Vizcarra called after he dissolved Congress Finance Group last September. Who were the biggest winners and losers IMF Sending Nicolás Mariscal Chairman, Q in the election? What do the results mean for Vizcarra and Mission to Grupo Marhnos his agenda? How well will the president be able to work with the new Argentina Thomas F. McLarty III Chairman, Congress, and will he finally be able to win legislative approval for his Following Talks McLarty Associates contentious anti-corruption reforms? The International Monetary Fund Carlos Paz-Soldan Partner, will send a mission to Argentina DTB Associates, LLP following “very productive” talks Katya Salazar, executive director of the Due Process of Law Beatrice Rangel in New York with Argentine Director, Foundation: “Without a doubt, the big losers of Sunday’s Economy Minister Martín Guzmán, AMLA Consulting LLC election were Popular Force (led by Keiko Fujimori) and a spokesman said. Jaana Remes Page 2 Partner, APRA, who ‘working as a team’ turned the Peruvian Congress McKinsey Global Institute A into a permanent obstacle to the country’s governance and a space for Ernesto Revilla Head of Latin American protecting corrupt networks and actors. After having been the two main Economics, Citi characters of Peruvian politics in recent years (for the wrong reasons), Gustavo Roosen Chairman of the Board, APRA will not have a single representative in the new Congress, and Envases Venezolanos Popular Force won’t have more than eight. The biggest surprises were the Andrés Rozental Popular Agricultural Front of Peru (FREPAP)—which is religious, messian- President, Rozental & Asociados ic and has strong links to the rural sector, as well as the more conserva- Shelly Shetty tive sector of the Evangelical Church—and Unión por el Perú—a combina- Head of Sovereign Ratings, Latin America, Fitch tion of nationalism and indigenism linked to Antauro Humala (the brother of former President Ollanta Humala), currently in prison for the crime of rebellion. Both parties will have at least 32 legislators. The new Congress will be quite heterogeneous, extremely fragmented and integrated by Guzmán // File Photo: @Martin_M_ new actors in politics who will have only a year and a half to learn on the Guzman via Twitter. Continued on page 2 COPYRIGHT © 2020, INTER-AMERICAN DIALOGUE PAGE 1 LATIN AMERICA ADVISOR Wednesday, January 29, 2020 POLITICAL NEWS News reported. Minutes later, she was seen in NEWS BRIEFS a video that circulated on social media. “This Peru’s Keiko Fujimori isn’t justice,” she said. “As woman, as wife, as Death Toll in Brazil mother, I am going to bring out all the strength Flooding Rises to 52 Returned to Prison in that I have.” Fujimori added that her husband would seek backing from foreign governments The death toll from last week’s heavy rains in Laundering Probe and other groups for her release. Her attorney, Brazil’s Minas Gerais state has grown to 52 Giuliana Loza, vowed to appeal the judge’s people, with at least 65 injured and two others A Peruvian judge on Tuesday ordered opposi- ruling. Fujimori’s jailing came just two days missing, the state civil defense agency said tion leader Keiko Fujimori back to prison for after her Popular Force party fared poorly in the on Tuesday, Reuters reported. Most losses 15 months, La República reported. The leader country’s legislative election. Its representation occurred in the state capital of Belo Horizonte, of the Popular Force party, Fujimori is under in Peru’s Congress fell to just 12 seats from 72. with 13 dead. Nearly 33,000 people have been investigation in a money laundering case and displaced or evacuated from their homes, has already spent 13 months in jail. However, rescue workers said. Minas Gerais last week Peru’s top constitutional court ordered her re- ECONOMIC NEWS had the wettest 24-hour period since precipita- lease last November, and prosecutors appealed tion records began 110 years ago, registering that ruling. Fujimori was taken into custody on an accumulated rainfall of 172 millimeters (6.8 Tuesday night, Reuters reported. Prosecutors IMF Sending Mission inches) from Thursday to Friday. accuse Fujimori of illegally receiving more than to Argentina After $1 million from Brazilian construction conglom- erate Odebrecht and hiding the money through Talks With Guzmán Strong 7.7-Magnitude a network of front men, the Associated Press Quake Jolts Caribbean reported. Fujimori denies wrongdoing. Fujimori The International Monetary Fund will send a arrived in court as Judge Víctor Zúñiga was mission to Argentina in February to discuss the An earthquake of 7.7 magnitude and a series finishing the announcement of his decision to South American nation’s economic prospects of aftershocks jolted the Caribbean on Tuesday return her to prison and was immediately taken and debt, IMF spokesman Gerry Rice said Tues- afternoon, and there were no reports of injuries to the Chorrillos women’s prison in Lima, BBC day following a “very productive” meeting with or serious damage. The earthquake struck at 2:10 p.m. local time. It was centered 86 FEATURED Q&A / Continued from page 1 miles northwest of Montego Bay, Jamaica and job. This scenario is not necessarily bad for did well. Meanwhile, Keiko Fujimori’s Fuerza 87 miles south-southwest of Niquero, Cuba, President Vizcarra, who will hardly find an Popular party suffered the greatest loss, as according to the U.S. Geological Survey. The opposition force as well prepared as the one it obtained only a fraction of the seats it won quake had a depth of six miles. he found in the previous Congress, under the in the 2016 elections. A divided Congress in leadership of APRA and Fujimori. Peruvian which no group is even close to a majority citizens should see these results as a wake- and with a diminished presence of Fujimori’s Venezuela’s National up call and attend to deeper processes that party will help lower tensions with President have been taking place discreetly in our Martín Vizcarra. This could facilitate pending Assembly Allocates country. The old left-versus-right dichotomy political reforms he was pushing before $20 Mn for Litigation becomes futile in this new scenario.” dissolving Congress, including changes to Venezuela’s opposition-run National Assembly parliamentary immunity from prosecution, on Tuesday approved $20 million to be held Maria Luisa Puig, Latin America though the window for approval will be in accounts in the United States to pay for analyst at the Eurasia Group: small. Structural reforms beyond some litigation abroad, part of its efforts to shield “Sunday’s legislative elections political initiatives are unlikely. There is no the country’s offshore assets from lawsuits by showed that distrust of the political appetite to advance reforms that A creditors, Reuters. The funds will be collected political class is deep, following three years could become unpopular. Vizcarra will avoid from accounts previously held by members of of turmoil that included clashes between putting at risk his levels of support, which President Nicolás Maduro’s government, which the president and Congress and a series have remained high, largely as a result of his were frozen last year as part of U.S. sanctions. of corruption scandals. Parties not linked confrontation with dismissed lawmakers and Investors holding Venezuela’s defaulted bonds to corruption or ones that made the fight anticorruption efforts. Furthermore, some have long seen the country’s foreign assets, against graft the focus of their campaigns incoming lawmakers could push for some including U.S.-based refiner Citgo, as attractive. Continued on page 4 COPYRIGHT © 2020, INTER-AMERICAN DIALOGUE PAGE 2 LATIN AMERICA ADVISOR Wednesday, January 29, 2020 Argentine Economy Minister Martín Guzmán, the Buenos Aires Times reported. Guzmán met THE DIALOGUE CONTINUES with IMF officials in New York on Tuesday, an event Rice described as “an opportunity to con- tinue the ongoing dialogue and hear from the Are Latin America’s Militaries minister about the Argentine authorities’ eco- nomic plans and exchange views on the debt Taking on Too Much Power? sustainability analysis.” Tuesday’s meeting was Over the past year, Latin as a case in point. When President Calderón Guzmán’s first contact with the international American militaries appear to assigned law enforcement responsibilities be taking on more visible roles to the armed forces in 2006, it was meant to Q in countries’ domestic security be a short-term solution to an urgent public The meeting was Guzmán’s and politics.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Background- Peru1 Peru Is the Third Largest Country in South America
    Background- Peru1 Peru is the third largest country in South America, after Brazil and Argentina, home to 30 million people. It is a developed democracy still grappling with a lingering legacy of repeated military coups, mistreatment of indigenous peoples, and severe human rights abuses committed during a 1980s and 1990s communist insurgency. It has the unenviable distinction of being, by far, the state appearing the most frequently before the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. Peru’s colonial period was marked by notably strong military control and brutal repression of indigenous populations. Spain conquered the Inca Empire in the 1500s but Indians repeatedly rebelled against Spanish rule, most notably under Túpac Amaru II, an Incan and Spanish aristocrat who the Spanish tortured to death for leading a 1780 rebellion. By the 1800s, Spain had firm control over Peru with a large Spanish population and military presence. However, the Spanish military presence threatened revolutionaries from the newly independent Argentina and Bolivia and they invaded Peru and declared it independent in 1824. In the century following its independence, Peru gradually made progressive reforms but struggled with repeated wars and mounting foreign debt. After the Argentine and Bolivian revolutionaries departed, Peruvian military leaders engaged in an internal power struggle but ultimately established a stable military regime in the 1850s and a presidential democracy in the 1870s. From the 1850s to 1920s, Peru expanded voting rights, developed public education, abolished slavery, and introduced theoretical (if poorly enforced) rights for indigenous communities. However, the socialist Aprista party and the communists complained that support for the poor and indigenous communities did not go far enough.
    [Show full text]
  • Lehigh Preserve Institutional Repository
    Lehigh Preserve Institutional Repository Peru's Revolving Door of Political Parties Sargeant, Jadon 2017 Find more at https://preserve.lib.lehigh.edu/ This document is brought to you for free and open access by Lehigh Preserve. It has been accepted for inclusion by an authorized administrator of Lehigh Preserve. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PERU’S REVOLVING DOOR OF POLITICAL PARTIES Jadon Sargeant Introduction party system. This unique challenge is a direct result of the presidency of Alberto Fujimori The year 2016 was an election year in Peru. from 1990 to 2000. Viewed as both hero and Pedro Pablo Kuczynski, commonly abbreviated tyrant, he is a polarizing figure in Peru’s past to PPK, became president by a narrow margin, who left in his wake a broken and ineffective running for the center-right party Peruvians political system. Not much has changed since for Change. However, only 20 percent of his impeachment and later imprisonment, but Peruvians can identify the president’s party. In the election of 2016 may hold clues that the Peru, politics is a profoundly personal endeavor political tides are finally beginning to change. where parties merely serve as vehicles for candidates to reach office and have short life Peru’s Tumultuous Political History spans. Peruvians for Change was founded in October 2014, and it is likely that it will suffer Typically, when a country has sustained the same fate as other political parties and not economic growth and limited civil unrest, outlive their leader’s political career. The past the government is viewed favorably by its five presidents have all come from different citizens.
    [Show full text]
  • Memorial Struggles and Power Strategies of the Rights in Latin America Today
    http://doi.org/10.17163/uni.n31.2019.01 Memorial struggles and power strategies of the rights in Latin America today Luchas memoriales y estrategias de poder de las derechas en América Latina hoy Verónica Giordano Teacher and Researcher UBA and CONICET [email protected] Orcid code: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7299-6984 Gina Paola Rodríguez Teacher and Researcher UNLPam and UBA [email protected] Orcid code: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1702-3386 Abstract Recently, right-wing forces of different origins and types have sprung up in Latin America. In this article, four countries are studied: Argentina, Brazil, Colombia and Peru. The first two correspond to cases in which the right-wing groups stand in opposition to the so-called progressive governments. The other two correspond to cases in which they stand in a political system with a strong continuity of predominance of right-wing forces. Since there are few studies with an overall perspective, this article seeks to make a contribution in that direction. The objective is to analyze the non-electoral strategies of construction and/ or exercise of power implemented by the right-wing groups around the memorial struggles. Based on the review of journalistic sources and speeches of the national right-wing referents, this article analyzes how current right-wing groups have proceeded to the institution of languages and the definition of a field of meanings that dispute the meaning of the recent past. From a comparative perspective, it is argued that in all four cases negationism offers an effective repertoire for these groups, which is used in their non- electoral (as well as electoral) strategies for building hegemony at the cultural level.
    [Show full text]
  • BTI 2020 Country Report Peru
    BTI 2020 Country Report Peru This report is part of the Bertelsmann Stiftung’s Transformation Index (BTI) 2020. It covers the period from February 1, 2017 to January 31, 2019. The BTI assesses the transformation toward democracy and a market economy as well as the quality of governance in 137 countries. More on the BTI at https://www.bti-project.org. Please cite as follows: Bertelsmann Stiftung, BTI 2020 Country Report — Peru. Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung, 2020. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Contact Bertelsmann Stiftung Carl-Bertelsmann-Strasse 256 33111 Gütersloh Germany Sabine Donner Phone +49 5241 81 81501 [email protected] Hauke Hartmann Phone +49 5241 81 81389 [email protected] Robert Schwarz Phone +49 5241 81 81402 [email protected] Sabine Steinkamp Phone +49 5241 81 81507 [email protected] BTI 2020 | Peru 3 Key Indicators Population M 32.0 HDI 0.759 GDP p.c., PPP $ 14393 Pop. growth1 % p.a. 1.7 HDI rank of 189 82 Gini Index 43.3 Life expectancy years 76.3 UN Education Index 0.692 Poverty3 % 9.8 Urban population % 77.9 Gender inequality2 0.381 Aid per capita $ -0.2 Sources (as of December 2019): The World Bank, World Development Indicators 2019 | UNDP, Human Development Report 2019. Footnotes: (1) Average annual growth rate. (2) Gender Inequality Index (GII). (3) Percentage of population living on less than $3.20 a day at 2011 international prices. Executive Summary In the 2016 to 2018 period, the political changes that have taken place in Peru have been as numerous as they have been substantial.
    [Show full text]
  • The Fujimori Blessing to Martín Vizcarra's Presidency
    A REPORT OF COUNCIL 2501 Calvert St. NW, Suite 401 ON Washington, DC 20008 HEMISPHERIC (202) 223-4975 AFFAIRS [email protected] July 10, 2018 Where does Perú go from here: The Fujimori Blessing to Martín Vizcarra’s Presidency | by Jonathan Goodman Research Associate at the Council on Hemispheric Affairs To view this article online, please click here. Introduction The legacy of one of Peru’s cruelest presidents, Alberto Fujimori, has continued to afflict the political careers of succeeding Peruvian presidents and even his own children: Keiko and Kenji. Although it is naive to assert that Fujimori’s legacy and downfall have directly contributed to the environment of malfeasance in Peru’s legislature and executive office, his actions exacerbate the corruption nightmare that has plagued the Peruvian people for too long. On March 21, 2018, former Peruvian president Pedro Pablo Kuczynski (PPK) resigned from office, just four months shy of his two-year anniversary as president. With the current Peruvian constitution imposing five-year term limits for its presidents, PPK is the first Peruvian president in the 21st century to fall short of that five-year benchmark. Even so, all elected Peruvian presidents since Alberto Fujimori have been investigated for corruption, with many being COUNCIL ON HEMISPHERIC AFFAIRS July 10, 2018 Where does Perú go from here: The Fujimori Blessing to Martín Vizcarra’s Presidency: by Jonathan Goodman indicted. [i] What are the implications of this corruption streak? During the 1992 auto-coup Fujimori dissolved the former bicameral congress, and then in his subsequent rule, he replaced it with a unicameral Congress.
    [Show full text]
  • Measuring Populism Worldwide Faculty Research Working Paper Series
    Measuring Populism Worldwide Faculty Research Working Paper Series Pippa Norris Harvard Kennedy School February 2020 RWP20-002 Visit the HKS Faculty Research Working Paper Series at: https://www.hks.harvard.edu/research-insights/publications?f%5B0%5D=publication_types%3A121 The views expressed in the HKS Faculty Research Working Paper Series are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of the John F. Kennedy School of Government or of Harvard University. Faculty Research Working Papers have not undergone formal review and approval. Such papers are included in this series to elicit feedback and to encourage debate on important public policy challenges. Copyright belongs to the author(s). Papers may be downloaded for personal use only. www.hks.harvard.edu Measuring Populism Worldwide: Norris 1/8/20 8:50 PM Measuring Populism Worldwide Pippa Norris McGuire Lecturer in Comparative Politics John F. Kennedy School of Government Harvard University Cambridge, MA 02138 [email protected] www.pippanorris.com @PippaN15 www.GlobalPartySurvey.org Data: https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataverse/GlobalPartySurvey. Synopsis: Populism studies have rapidly burgeoned but nevertheless systematic cross-national evidence about this phenomenon has lagged far behind. How can populism be measured in ways which are consistent, valid, and reliable? To address this issue, Part I outlines the minimalist concept of populism used in the study. Part II summarizes the pros and cons of previous attempts at gauging and classifying party ideological values and issue positions in general, as well as recent studies seeking to classify populists as a distinct party family. Part III describes the research design employed to construct the Global Party Survey, replicating the methods of previous expert surveys but expanding coverage worldwide and including innovative measures of populist rhetoric.
    [Show full text]
  • An Exploration of Kinship Politics Through Park Geun-Hye and Keiko Fujimori
    ABSTRACT Title of Thesis: Dutiful Daughter: an exploration of kinship politics through Park Geun-hye and Keiko Fujimori Maureen Makiko O’Bryan Bachelor of Arts, International Studies, 2019 Thesis Advisor: Professor Youngju Ryu, Ph.D. Around the world, women who attain positions of political power are more likely to come from political families than their male counterparts. Park Geun-hye in South Korea and Keiko Fujimori in Peru are two recent examples of this trend and both cases highlight the intersection of kinship, gender, and memory. What is the effect of kinship and memory on political campaigns? By analyzing the campaign videos of Fujimori and Park from their presidential runs, this thesis argues that kinship ties allowed Park and Keiko to attain political popularity, while walking the thin line of their authoritarian fathers’ fraught legacies. Park was able to capitalize on the nostalgia for her father more effectively because his memory is equated with a sense of economic progress and she ran during a period of slow economic growth. Although Keiko relied less on memory, she mimicked her father’s campaign strategy and appealed to a similar base, but was ultimately held back by his ongoing criminal proceedings. i Winter Semester: Dutiful Daughter: an exploration of kinship politics through Park Geun-hye and Keiko Fujimori By Maureen Makiko O’Bryan Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the College of Literature, Science, & Arts at the University of Michigan in partial fulfillment for the requirements for the degree Of Bachelor of Arts (International Studies with Honors) 2019 Thesis Committee: Professor Youngju Ryu Doctor Anthony Marcum ii Dedication To my father, who inspired me to Go Blue.
    [Show full text]
  • Veracity Or Falsehood in the Presidential Elections of Peru and Extreme Parties
    Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 12 May 2021 doi:10.20944/preprints202105.0274.v1 Veracity or Falsehood in the presidential elections of Peru and extreme parties. Israel Mallma¹ ,, Lita Salazar² ¹ Doctor in Mining Safety and Control, Master's in mining management, Faculty of Mining Engineering, Graduate School of the National University of the Center of Peru; [email protected] ² Doctor in Educational Sciences, Master's in educational management, Faculty of Education, graduate school of the National University of the Center of Peru; [email protected] Abstract Background and objectives: In the current context, the 2021 presidential elections in Peru distance from the social objective, not being objectively represented, that is why we analyze their validity, we determine the distances between the parties if they are extreme, the correspondences with the departments and their prospects, in the surveys we propose which departments influence the results. Methods: We use a mixed methodology, qualitative analysis, it will be multidimensional with the support of statistical methods and programs such as R Studio, worddj, Gephi, and Iramuteq. The quantitative analysis will be through factor analysis, correspondence and discriminant analysis to the data of the election Results and conclusions: The textual analysis mentions that there are dimensions such as the social issue, the results of the surveys and democracy that are far apart, regarding the electoral issue. This inculcates to work both on the part of the organisms that carry out these processes, as well as the initiative of the candidates, and the media. Regarding the quantitative analysis, it is detailed that the representative parties must be greater than 4.0 million voters, to make representative parties at the national level.
    [Show full text]
  • How Will the Latin American Electoral Year Play out in 2016?
    : SPECIAL REPORT How will the Latin American electoral year play out in 2016? Madrid, February 2016 BARCELONA BOGOTA BUENOS AIRES LIMA LISBON MADRID MEXICO CITY MIAMI PANAMA CITY QUITO RIO J SAO PAULO SANTIAGO STO DOMINGO HOW WILL THE LATIN AMERICAN ELECTORAL YEAR PLAY OUT IN 2016? 1. INTRODUCTION In 2016, Latin America will experience a much less intense electoral 1. INTRODUCTION year than in 2014 or 2015, but the year will be very significant and 2. IS LATIN AMERICA highly politically charged. There were seven presidential elections EXPERIENCING A CHANGE IN THE POLITICAL CYCLE? in 2014, only two in 2015, and three will take place in 2016 (Peru, the Dominican Republic, and Nicaragua). There will also be municipal 3. 2016 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS elections in Brazil and Chile, gubernatorial elections in Venezuela 4. CONCLUSIONS and in 12 Mexican states, as well as a referendum to decide whether Evo Morales may be eligible for reelection in Bolivia. If political-electoral changes marked the elections of Argentina and Guatemala in 2015, the ruling parties are expected to continue in 2016, at least in the elections of the Dominican Republic, where the current president, Danilo Medina, is the favorite to win the presidential election. It seems that the status quo will also continue in Nicaragua, where the Interoceanic Canal, economic stability, Chinese investments, and the Sandinista political system led by Daniel Ortega have positioned the existing head of state (who has been President since 2007) as the strong favorite to remain in power. Peru is the only country where change is expected because the ruling party does not have the option of a second round, and the favorites to win the election are the opposition Keiko Fujimori and Pedro Pablo Kuczynski.
    [Show full text]
  • Election Results in Argentina, 1995-2019 100
    Figure 15.1 - Election results in Argentina, 1995-2019 100 90 Peronists Non-Peronists 80 70 60 50 40 Share of votes (%) votes of Share 30 20 10 0 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 Source: authors' computations using official election results (see wpid.world). Note: the figure shows the share of votes received by selected groups of Argentinian political parties in general elections between 1995 and 2019. Peronist parties received 48% of votes in the 2019 election. Anti-peronist parties are the Radical Civic Union (UCR), the Front for a Country in Solidarity (FREPASO), Acción por la Republica, Coalición Cívica ARI, Cambiemos, Frente de Izquierda, and Recrear. Figure 15.2 - The Peronist vote by income and education in Argentina, 1995-2019 20 Difference between (% of top 10% educated) and (% of bottom 90% educated) voting Peronist 15 10 Difference between (% of top 10% earners) and (% of bottom 90% earners) voting Peronist 5 0 -5 -10 -15 -20 -25 1995-99 2007-11 2015-19 Source: authors' computations using Argentinian post-electoral and political attitudes surveys (see wpid.world). Note: the figure shows the relative support of highest-educated and top-income voters for Peronists, after controlling for age, gender, religious affiliation, religiosity, employment status, marital status, occupation, rural-urban location, region, ethnicity, and perceived social class. In 2015-2019, top 10% income earners were 8 percentage points less likely to vote for Peronists. Table 15.1 - The structure of political cleavages in Argentina, 2015-2019 Share of votes received (%) Peronists Non-Peronists Education Primary 55% 45% Secondary 51% 49% Tertiary 38% 62% Income Bottom 50% 55% 45% Middle 40% 44% 56% Top 10% 34% 66% Occupation Public worker 39% 61% Private worker 34% 66% Entrepreneur 27% 73% Self-employed 38% 62% Subjective social class Working class 57% 43% Upper/Middle class 32% 68% Location Urban area 47% 53% Rural area 40% 60% Source: authors' computations using Argentinian political attitudes surveys (see wpid.world).
    [Show full text]
  • Mobilizations Called in Peru to Support Pedro Castillo
    Mobilizations called in Peru to support Pedro Castillo ?Verónika Mendoza denounced that the Popular Force party intends to prevent Pedro Castillo of Peru Libre from assuming the presidency. Lima, June 18 (RHC)-- Political and social organizations and citizen collectives in Peru called on Thursday for a national day of marches in defense of the electoral victory of Pedro Castillo. The mobilization was announced for Saturday, June 19, by the head of the New Peru Movement, Verónika Mendoza. The former presidential candidate denounced that Keiko Fujimori's party, Fuerza Popular, intends to prevent the winner of the second round of elections, Pedro Castillo of Peru Libre, from assuming the presidency of the country. The progressive politician called on all democratic forces to reject attempts to delegitimize the electoral process, strike a blow to democracy and generate chaos and uncertainty in the South American country. "The homeland calls us to defend democracy and build a country in which all voices are heard, a new homeland in which we are all united and embraced in the same democratic spirit," she said. The general secretary of the General Confederation of Peruvian Workers, Gerónimo López, condemned the agenda mounted by the right wing and the powers that be around Keiko Fujimori. For his part, the leader of the National Human Rights Coordinating Committee, Miguel Jugo, called for the defense of the democratic institutionality that Fujimorism is trying to circumvent by attempting to ignore the electoral result. Legislators from Peru Libre, Frente Amplio and other forces assured their participation in the mobilization in defense of democracy and support for progressive candidate Pedro Castillo.
    [Show full text]
  • Assembling the Plebeian Republic
    Assembling the Plebeian Republic Popular Institutions against Systemic Corruption & Oligarchic Domination Camila Vergara Gonzalez Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2019 © 2019 Camila Vergara Gonzalez All rights reserved ABSTRACT Assembling the Plebeian Republic Popular Institutions against Systemic Corruption & Oligarchic Domination Camila Vergara Gonzalez Democracy seems to be in crisis and scholars have started to consider the possibility that “the only game in town” might be rigged. This dissertation theorizes the crisis of democracy from a structural point of view, arguing that liberal representative governments suffer from systemic corruption, a form of political decay that should be understood as the oligarchization of society, and proposes an anti-oligarchic institutional solution based on a radical interpretation of republican constitutional thought. If one agrees that the minimal normative expectation of liberal democracies is that governments should advance the welfare of the majority within constitutional safeguards, increasing income inequality and the relative immiseration of the majority of citizens would be in itself a deviation from good rule, a sign of corruption. As a way to understand how we could revert the current patterns of political corruption, the book provides an in-depth analysis of the institutional, procedural, and normative innovations to protect political liberty proposed by Niccolò Machiavelli, Nicolas de Condorcet, Rosa Luxemburg, and Hannah Arendt. Because their ideas to institutionalize popular power have consistently been misunderstood, instrumentalized, demonized, or neglected, part of what this project wants to accomplish is to offer a serious engagement with their proposals through a plebeian interpretative lens that renders them as part of the same intellectual tradition.
    [Show full text]