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Building Urban Resilience Through Spatial Planning Following Disasters
BUILDING URBAN RESILIENCE THROUGH SPATIAL PLANNING FOLLOWING DISASTERS THE GREAT EAST JAPAN EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI DISSERTATION BY NADINE MÄGDEFRAU SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF ENGINEERING (DR.-ING.) AT THE FACULTY OF SPATIAL PLANING OF THE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF DORTMUND DECEMBER 2016 Front Cover: Own illustration | Photo by author (October 2015) Doctoral Committee Supervisors PROF. DR. STEFAN GREIVING Technical University of Dortmund, Germany Faculty of Spatial Planning Institute of Spatial Planning PROF. DR. MICHIO UBAURA Tohoku University Department of Architecture and Building Science Urban and Regional Planning System Lab Examiner PROF. DR. SABINE BAUMGART Technical University of Dortmund, Germany Faculty of Spatial Planning Department of Urban and Regional Planning Dissertation at the Faculty of Spatial Planning of the Technical University of Dortmund, Dortmund. BUILDING URBAN RESILIENCE THROUGH SPATIAL PLANNING FOLLOWING DISASTERS THE GREAT EAST JAPAN EARTHQUAKE AND TSUNAMI DISSERTATION BY NADINE MÄGDEFRAU SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF ENGINEERING (DR.-ING.) AT THE FACULTY OF SPATIAL PLANING OF THE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF DORTMUND DECEMBER 2016 ACKNOWLEDGMENT “It is complicated.” This is one of the phrases that I heard most frequently throughout my research in Tohoku Region. It referred to the reconstruction process, but can equally be applied to the endeavor of writing a dissertation. It was complicated to find an appropriate research topic. It was complicated to collect and understand the required data (mainly written in a foreign language) and to comprehend the complex processes that took and take place in Tohoku Region to recover from the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami. -
JR EAST GROUP CSR REPORT 2015 Safety
JR EAST GROUP CSR REPORT 2015 Safety Our measures against earthquakes Damage by the Great East Japan Earthquake (Tohoku-Pacific Ocean Earthquake) The magnitude 9.0 Tohoku-Pacific Ocean Earthquake occurred on March 11th, 2011, at 14:46, with the epicenter off the Sanriku coast. Zero customer fatalities at stations or on board trains due to the earthquake. Damage and restoration of railway related facilities following the disaster The Great East Japan Earthquake resulted in profound damage to our railway facilities, including the ground facilities for both the Shinkansen and conventional lines. The following chart outlines the damage incurred by our railway facilities due to the earthquake. <Major damage to ground facilities for Tohoku Shinkansen> 【Damage caused by the major tremor on Mar. 11th, 2011】 【Damage caused by the aftershock on April 7th, 2011】 【Breakage of electric poles】 【Damage to bridge supports and (Between Sendai and Shinkansen breakage of electric poles】 General Rolling Stock Center) (Between Ichinoseki and Mizusawa-Esashi) Shin-Aomori Shin-Aomori Hachinohe Hachinohe Iwate-Numakunai Iwate-Numakunai Morioka Morioka Kitakami Kitakami Ichinoseki 【Track irregularity】 (Sendai Station premises) Ichinoseki Shinkansen General Shinkansen General Rolling Stock Center Rolling Stock Center Sendai Sendai Fukushima Fukushima 【Damage to elevated bridge columns】 (Between Sendai and Furukawa) Kōriyama Kōriyama Nasushiobara Nasushiobara 【Fallen ceiling material】 Utsunomiya (Sendai Station platform) Utsunomiya Oyama Oyama 【Legend】 Ōmiya Ōmiya Civil engineering Tōkyō Tōkyō Electricity 50 locations 10 locations 1 location ■ Major damage to Tohoku Shinkansen ground facilities March 11 earthquake (main shock) Aftershocks (after April 7) Major damage Number of not restored places No. of damaged locations No. -
Off-Track Betting on Your Doorstep *Charges for Pay-Seats, Etc., Are Valid As of Nov
Ashiyu foot bath at WINS Isawa Excel Floor of WINS Shin-Yokohama Carousel at WINS Shin-Shirakawa WINS Kyoto Entrance to WINS Namba WINS Sasebo in Huis ten Bosch WINS – off-track betting on your doorstep *Charges for pay-seats, etc., are valid as of Nov. 13th, 2009. Did you know that you can place a bet without going to a racecourse? Just pop in to your local WINS off-track betting facility! With branches all over Japan, WINS are also convenient places for meeting spot or just taking a coffee break. Some WINS facilities are set up with comfortable sofas and PC and monitor for your personal use, allowing you to enjoy the whole day at the races! Of course, WINS also make payouts on winning bets. WINS Sapporo(some pay-seats) WINS Shizunai WINS Kushiro WINS Ginza-dori WINS Korakuen (some pay-seats) WINS Kinshicho (some pay-seats) Dodo-Biratori Shizunai Route JR Senmo Main Line Main Senmo JR ▲Sapporo Stn. Homac ▼ 391 Subway Ryogoku Ichikawa ▼ Hokkaido Sales WINS Posful Fujiya Toei Subway Hibiya Line Ginza Stn. Police box Kasuga Stn. Kinshicho Stn. WINS Sapporo Toho Subway Line Shizunai Kushiro Loop Road Setsuribashi Oedo Line JR Sobu Line Cosmo● Shizunai River Kushiro Timber Building B Higashi Ginza Mitsukoshi ● ● ● Subway Fire Station Reservoir ● Korakuen Stn. JR Yurakucho Stn. Hanzomon Line Stn. Dept. Store Expressway ● Suidobashi Stn. Plaza ▲ Miyuki-dori 44 Arche● ●Senshu-An Seiko Mart ● Shizunai Kushiro Rosai● Kushiro Ginza Stn. Tokyo Dome City Shopping Kinshicho Stn. Ginza-dori Kamotsu Showa-dori Attractions T street Police Hospital Yotsume-dori Municipal Nemuro o Marunouchi Line Subway e ● Jidosha Matsuya Dept. -
Times Prefectures That Were Worst Affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake
Iwa-Key Like and Share our Facebook Page! (https://www.facebook.com/iwakey/) Reconnecting of the Entire Joban Line Iwaki Leg of the Nine years after the Great East Japan earthquake, the entire Joban Line will Tokyo 2020 Olympic Relay be reconnected with the reopening of Yonomori, Ono and Futaba stations on 14th March. There are only a few months left until the Olympics are held in Tokyo. In the lead up to the Olympics, the Olympic Torch Relay will commence on Once the Joban Line reopens, there will be 11 inbound and outbound local Thursday, 26th March, with Fukushima Prefecture being chosen as the first train services operating between Tomioka and Namie stations daily. In prefecture and Iwaki chosen as one of the first cities that the torch will pass addition, 3 inbound and outbound Hitachi Special Express services will run through. along the entire Shinagawa-Sendai section of the line daily. Trains will also stop daily at J-Village Station to coincide with the Joban Line reconnection. Starting at J-Village, the torch will then make its way down to Iwaki on the same day. The Iwaki leg of the torch relay will depart from Iwaki Athletics If you want to ride on what will be the first ever train ride in 9 years to pass Stadium at 11:39am, where the torch bearers will run north along the Old Kashima Road, passing via Taira Baseball Stadium, Taira Velodrome, all the through the reopened Tomoika-Namie section of the Joban Line, a train departing from Haranomachi Station (Minamisoma Town) will arrive at way to Iwaki Station before heading south and arriving at Alios Iwaki Namie Station at 5:52am before heading in the Tomioka direction through Performing Arts Centre at 12:52pm. -
Fukushima Robot Test Field
Transport Access From Tokyo (Approx. 3 hours) From Fukushima City (Approx. 90 min.) From Sendai Airport (Approx. 70 min.) Future from Fukushima. Fukushima Innovation Coast Framework Car Shinkansen Train Bus Car Bus Car Train JR Tokyo JR Tokyo JR Fukushima JR Fukushima Sendai Sendai Airport Misato IC JR Tokyo Station Station Station Station Station Airport IC Station Approx. 250km , Approx. 1 hour 30 Tohoku Shinkansen ❶Approx. 1 hour The direct bus Fukushima Approx. 55 km , 50 Train runs approx. and 3 hours via minutes by The fastest 20 minutes , 70km Traffic・Tohoku Access takes 12 minutes via Sendai 10 minutes and 2-3 Joban Expressway Tohoku approx.1 hour via National Route times(roundtrip) per a day Eastern Road and times per hour Shinkansen 30 minutes (approx.1 hour 45 minutes) Joban Expressway (Sendai Airport Line) Approx.3 hours 30 The direct bus 115・Soma ▼ ▼ ▼ minutes by JR Tohoku Fukushima ▼ ▼ ▼ road JR Fukushima JR Sendai Joban Line Limited Access takes JR Haranomachi Minamisoma JR Natori Minamisoma IC Express Hitachi 1-2times Station Station round trip (round trip) ❷Approx.1 hour Station IC Station 3 times per a day 25 minutes, 65km Approx. 9km, Direct bus runs JR Joban Line per a day (approx. 5 hour) via National Route The direct bus Approx. 17 minutes , Train runs 17 minutes via roundtrip approx. 1 runs per an hour 114 and Prefectural Tohoku Access 9km via Prefectural aprrox.1 hour 10 Prefectural hour 45 minutes 12 approx. 1hour 20 Route 12 takes 3times(roundtrip) Route 12 minutes per hour Route 12 by car times per a day minutes -
Hachinohe Martial Arts Center About 15 Min
Access A Maeda Arena About 35 min. by car from Aomori Airport (New Aomori Prefecture Sports Park) About 25 min. by car from Shin-Aomori Station (JR Tohoku Shinkansen Line/Ou Line) B Michinokubank Dream Stadium About 30 min. by car from Aomori Airport (Aomori City Sports Complex) About 15 min. by car from Shin-Aomori Station (JR Tohoku Shinkansen Line/Ou Line) C Aomori Martial Arts Hall About 50 min. by car from Aomori Airport Hirosaki Athletic Park About 10 min. by car from Hirosaki Station (JR Ou Line/Konan Railway Konan Line) About 70 min. by car from Aomori Airport Mt. Iwakisan Synthesis Park About 40 min. by car from Hirosaki Station (JR Ou Line/Konan Railway Konan Line) D The right choice to train About 70 min. by car from Aomori Airport Iwaki Seishonen Sports Center About 45 min. by car from Hirosaki Station (JR Ou Line/Konan Railway Konan Line) AOMORI E About 70 min. by car from Aomori Airport Iwaki River Canoe Center About 30 min. by car from Hirosaki Station (JR Ou Line/Konan Railway Konan Line) About 55 min. by car from Misawa Airport Takamori Yama Sports Park About 30 min. by car from Shichinohe-Towada Station (JR Tohoku Shinkansen Line) F About 45 min. by car from Misawa Airport Towada City Wakaba Stadium About 25 min. by car from Shichinohe-Towada Station (JR Tohoku Shinkansen Line) About 40 min. by car from Misawa Airport Hachinohe Martial Arts Center About 15 min. by car from Hachinohe Station (JR Tohoku Shinkansen Line/Hachinohe Line/Aoimori Railway Line) G About 50 min. -
Suica Pasmo Network
To Matō Kassemba Ienaka Tōbu-kanasaki Niregi Momiyama Kita-kanuma Itaga Shimo-goshiro Myōjin Imaichi Nikkō Line To Aizu-Wakamatsu To Sendai To Fukushima Jōban Line To Haranomachi Watarase Keikoku Railway Nikkō Ban-etsu-East Line Shin-kanuma Niigata Area Akagi Tanuma Tada Tōbu Nikkō Line Minami- Tōbu-nikkō Iwaki / Network Map To Chuo-Maebashi ※3 To Kōriyama Kuzū Kami- Uchigō To Murakami ★ Yashū-ōtsuka Kuniya Omochanomachi Nishikawada Esojima utsunomiya Tōhoku Line Tōbu Sano Line TsurutaKanumaFubasami Shin-fujiwara Jomo Electric Railway Yoshimizu Shin-tochigi Shimo- imaichi Shin-takatokuKosagoeTobu WorldKinugawa-onsen SquareKinugawa-kōen Yumoto ■Areas where Suica /PASMO can be used Yashū-hirakawa Mibu Tōbu Utsunomiya Line Yasuzuka Kuroiso Shibata Tōhoku Tōhoku Shinkansen imaichi Line Aizu Kinugawa Aioi Nishi-Kiryu Horigome Utsunomiya Line Shimotsuke-Ōsawa Tōbu Kinugawa Line Izumi Daiyamukō Ōkuwa Railway Yagantetsudo To Naoetsu To Niigata Omata YamamaeAshikagaAshikaga TomitaFlower Park Tōbu-utsunomiya Ueda Yaita Nozaki Nasushiobara Nishi-Shibata Nakaura Echigo TOKImeki Railway Ishibashi Suzumenomiya Nakoso Kunisada Iwajuku Shin-kiryū Kiryū Ryōmō Line Sano Iwafune Ōhirashita Tochigi Omoigawa To Naganoharakusatsuguchi ShikishimaTsukudaIwamotoNumataGokan KamimokuMinakami Shin-ōhirashita Jichi Medical Okamoto Hōshakuji Karasuyama Ujiie Utsunomiya Kamasusaka Kataoka Nishi-Nasuno Ōtsukō Sasaki To Echigo-Yuzawa Azami Sanoshi To Motegi Utsunomiya Line Line Uetsu LineTsukioka Jōmō-Kōgen ★ Shizuwa University Isohara Shibukawa Jōetsu Line Yabuzuka -
Great East Japan Earthquake, Jr East Mitigation Successes, and Lessons for California High-Speed Rail
MTI Funded by U.S. Department of Services Transit Census California of Water 2012 Transportation and California Great East Japan Earthquake, Department of Transportation JR East Mitigation Successes, and Lessons for California High-Speed Rail MTI ReportMTI 12-02 MTI Report 12-37 December 2012 MINETA TRANSPORTATION INSTITUTE MTI FOUNDER Hon. Norman Y. Mineta The Mineta Transportation Institute (MTI) was established by Congress in 1991 as part of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Equity Act (ISTEA) and was reauthorized under the Transportation Equity Act for the 21st century (TEA-21). MTI then successfully MTI BOARD OF TRUSTEES competed to be named a Tier 1 Center in 2002 and 2006 in the Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (SAFETEA-LU). Most recently, MTI successfully competed in the Surface Transportation Extension Act of 2011 to Founder, Honorable Norman Thomas Barron (TE 2015) Ed Hamberger (Ex-Officio) Michael Townes* (TE 2014) be named a Tier 1 Transit-Focused University Transportation Center. The Institute is funded by Congress through the United States Mineta (Ex-Officio) Executive Vice President President/CEO Senior Vice President Department of Transportation’s Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology (OST-R), University Transportation Secretary (ret.), US Department of Strategic Initiatives Association of American Railroads Transit Sector Transportation Parsons Group HNTB Centers Program, the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), and by private grants and donations. Vice Chair Steve Heminger (TE 2015) Hill & Knowlton, Inc. Joseph Boardman (Ex-Officio) Executive Director Bud Wright (Ex-Officio) Chief Executive Officer Metropolitan Transportation Executive Director The Institute receives oversight from an internationally respected Board of Trustees whose members represent all major surface Honorary Chair, Honorable Bill Amtrak Commission American Association of State transportation modes. -
Iwate Aomori Iwate Experience 8 Cuisine 10 Festival 11
ENGLISH EDITION TOHOKU TOURIST INFORMATION CENTER NETWORK TOHOKU Round Trip Guide Majestic Nature Historic Landmark Excellent Cuisine Indigenous Festival TOHOKU TOURIST INFORMATION CENTER NETWORK The 42 tourist information centers in the Tohoku region are all connected with an online video chat service. We provide information to you in real time. Shiroishi River and 1000 Cherry Trees, Miyagi Tohoku Regional Collaboraion Promotion Office,Culture and Tourism Bureau, City of Sendai Hokkaido TOHOKU TOURIST INFORMATION CENTER NETWORK INDEX Tohoku, an area surrounded by beautiful nature with four seasons. Aomori Architectures with rich Japanese history, Experience 4 various local cuisine, unique indigenous festivals. Cuisine 6 Experiences only possible in Tohoku await. Festival 7 Iwate Aomori Iwate Experience 8 Cuisine 10 Festival 11 Miyagi Experience 12 Cuisine 14 Aomori Festival 15 Akita Experience 16 Cuisine 18 Tanesashi Coast Jodogahama Beach Festival 19 Miyagi Akita Yamagata Experience 20 Akita Cuisine 22 Iwate Festival 23 Fukushima Experience 24 Cuisine 26 Festival 27 Tourist Information Center 28 Railway 34 Yamagata Miyagi Matsushima Godzilla Rock Yamagata Fukushima Fukushima Mt. Haguro Higashiyama Onsen (Hot Spring) 2 3 Experience Superb View of 2,600 Cherry Trees (Sakura) Aomori and a White-walled Castle Hirosaki Castle Hirosaki Castle in Hirosaki Park, built in the Edo period, has the northernmost castle tower*1 in Japan and is designated as an important national cultural property. Its extensive castle walls in their original form being opened as a park is rare in Japan. There Aomori are about 2,600 Sakura in the park, and many people come for Aomori the blossoms in the spring. -
By Municipality) (As of March 31, 2020)
The fiber optic broadband service coverage rate in Japan as of March 2020 (by municipality) (As of March 31, 2020) Municipal Coverage rate of fiber optic Prefecture Municipality broadband service code for households (%) 11011 Hokkaido Chuo Ward, Sapporo City 100.00 11029 Hokkaido Kita Ward, Sapporo City 100.00 11037 Hokkaido Higashi Ward, Sapporo City 100.00 11045 Hokkaido Shiraishi Ward, Sapporo City 100.00 11053 Hokkaido Toyohira Ward, Sapporo City 100.00 11061 Hokkaido Minami Ward, Sapporo City 99.94 11070 Hokkaido Nishi Ward, Sapporo City 100.00 11088 Hokkaido Atsubetsu Ward, Sapporo City 100.00 11096 Hokkaido Teine Ward, Sapporo City 100.00 11100 Hokkaido Kiyota Ward, Sapporo City 100.00 12025 Hokkaido Hakodate City 99.62 12033 Hokkaido Otaru City 100.00 12041 Hokkaido Asahikawa City 99.96 12050 Hokkaido Muroran City 100.00 12068 Hokkaido Kushiro City 99.31 12076 Hokkaido Obihiro City 99.47 12084 Hokkaido Kitami City 98.84 12092 Hokkaido Yubari City 90.24 12106 Hokkaido Iwamizawa City 93.24 12114 Hokkaido Abashiri City 97.29 12122 Hokkaido Rumoi City 97.57 12131 Hokkaido Tomakomai City 100.00 12149 Hokkaido Wakkanai City 99.99 12157 Hokkaido Bibai City 97.86 12165 Hokkaido Ashibetsu City 91.41 12173 Hokkaido Ebetsu City 100.00 12181 Hokkaido Akabira City 97.97 12190 Hokkaido Monbetsu City 94.60 12203 Hokkaido Shibetsu City 90.22 12211 Hokkaido Nayoro City 95.76 12220 Hokkaido Mikasa City 97.08 12238 Hokkaido Nemuro City 100.00 12246 Hokkaido Chitose City 99.32 12254 Hokkaido Takikawa City 100.00 12262 Hokkaido Sunagawa City 99.13 -
Aomori Cycling
AOMORI CYCLING Up close and personal with the incredible nature and culture of Aomori Aomori Cycling Up close and personal with the incredible nature and culture of Aomori Surrounded by ocean on all sides and blessed by incredible nature such as Shirakami-Sanchi and Lake Towada, each region in Aomori Prefecture enjoys its own unique history, culture and delicacies. Cycling Aomori is the perfect way to discover the intricacies of these individual regions. If you are ready, then jump on your bike and let's head off to explore the beauty of Aomori! 9 1 Course 1 NATSUDOMARI 11 2 Course 2 TOWADA・OIRASE 13 3 Course 3 HIROSAKI 15 4 Course 4 NISHIKAIGAN 17 5 Course 5 OKU-TSUGARU AOMORI 19 6 Course 6 SHIMOKITA 21 7 Course 7 LAKE OGAWARA CYCLING 23 Course 8 HACHINOHE Up close and personal with the incredible nature and culture of Aomori 8 25 33 27 35 29 37 31 7 8 03 02 04 05 06 01/The masses of blue net stored at the port are shellfish baskets, used for cultivating scallops. It's like riding through a maze. 02/Old fishing vessels of all shapes and sizes are dotted around the Natsudomari Peninsula. 03/Showing off the size of the scallops at "Hotate Hiroba," which has a giant scallop as its signboard. You can learn about scallop cultivation on the second floor.04 /At Yogoshiyama Forest Park you can see over 3,000 varieties of succulents. 05/Two men and a cat taking a break from cycling beside the tetrapod seawall. -
Narita-Fukushima-Jr-Shinkansen
Dec. 2019 成田空港 JR線へ To JR Line at Narita Airport 1. Narita Airport Station is an underground train station located beneath Terminal 1 of Narita International Airport. Airport Terminal 2 Station is also an underground To JR 鉄道 railway station located beneath Terminal. The station serves both Terminal 2 and the nearby Terminal 3. 2. These stations are shared between East Japan Railway (JR) and the private railway operator Keisei Electric Railway. As a matter of convenience for you to avoid Fukushima Train several transfers, this information mainly introduces the way of access by JR line. Narita 3. We recommend you to purchase your whole ticket for Fukushima at JR East Ticket Service Center where the assistant helps you with getting JR ticket in English. Station ターミナル1 Terminal 1 You will find ATM machines, prepaid SIMs, and cell phone rental shops at Visitor Service Center between North Wing and South Wing. 1F 1F South Wing North Wing Narita Airport Station (Narita Kūkō eki) is an B1F underground train station located beneath B1F Terminal 1. The station is shared between JR ❶ JR East Service Center and Keisei Railway. In this information, we recommend to use JR due to less transfer. JR EAST Travel Service Center ❶ Purchase your ticket here JR EAST Travel Service Center is to assist ★ non-Japanese tourists with all their travel This ticket machine counter is for Tokyo by needs. The English-speaking staff provides ★Narita Express and Shinkansen. You may information about tickets and try to use it to get your Shinkansen ticket accommodations for travelers. They here as well.