Data Exchange for the Physics-Based Simulation of Material Handling Systems in the Digital Factory

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Data Exchange for the Physics-Based Simulation of Material Handling Systems in the Digital Factory Data Exchange for the Physics-based Simulation of Material Handling Systems in the Digital Factory Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doktoringenieur (Dr.-Ing.) von M.Sc. Ender Yemenicioglu geb. am 21.07.1982 in Ankara, Türkei genehmigt durch die Fakultät Maschinenbau der Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg Gutachter: apl. Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Arndt Lüder Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Björn Hein Promotionskolloquium am 02.03.2016 Acknowledgements Acknowledgements This doctoral thesis is a result of my occupation in tarakos GmbH and my activity as a part of ITEA 2 project AVANTI, which took place from 2014 to 2016. I would like to express my special appreciation to my principal, Dipl.-Ing. Herbert Beesten, for his support from the very beginning. I am grateful to all AVANTI project partners for the best cooperation. I wish to thank my advisor Professor Dr.-Ing. habil. Arndt Lüder for his caressing guidance, and the motivation he has given during the thesis work. I could not manage to get this far if he has not “tricked” me to engage in the data exchange subject when I was a student looking for a master thesis subject for six years. He was always there with his experience and wisdom when I needed some orientation. I also thank Professor Dr.-Ing. habil. Björn Hein for his appraisal, careful reporting and corrections of the thesis. I want to thank all my colleagues but especially B.Sc. Christian Göbeler, Dipl.-Ing. Klaus Hanisch, Dipl.-Ing. Michael Dietz and Dipl.-Ing. Henry Cermann for their great help and assistance. I also want to express my appreciation to all colleagues in AutomationML association as they have provided vital technical help. Never to forget, my wife Canan Yemenicioglu must have to endure my absence as I often had to work for the thesis in my free time. I am grateful for her patience, understanding, and love. My mother and father have always motivated me to do my best. Thank you to all my beloved ones for believing in me. ii Schriftliche Erklärung Schriftliche Erklärung Ich versichere hiermit, dass ich die vorliegende Arbeit ohne unzulässige Hilfe Dritter und ohne Benutzung anderer als der angegebenen Hilfsmittel angefertigt habe. Die Hilfe eines kommerziellen Promotionsberaters habe ich nicht in Anspruch genommen. Dritte haben von mir weder unmittelbar noch mittelbar geldwerte Leistungen für Arbeiten erhalten, die im Zusammenhang mit dem Inhalt der vorgelegten Dissertation stehen. Verwendete fremde und eigene Quellen sind als solche kenntlich gemacht. Ich habe insbesondere nicht wissentlich: • Ergebnisse erfunden oder widersprüchliche Ergebnisse verschwiegen, • statistische Verfahren absichtlich missbraucht, um Daten in ungerechtfertigter Weise zu interpretieren, • fremde Ergebnisse oder Veröffentlichungen plagiiert, • fremde Forschungsergebnisse verzerrt wiedergegeben. Mir ist bekannt, dass Verstöße gegen das Urheberrecht Unterlassungs- und Schadensersatzansprüche des Urhebers sowie eine strafrechtliche Ahndung durch die Strafverfolgungsbehörden begründen kann. Ich erkläre mich damit einverstanden, dass die Dissertation ggf. mit Mitteln der elektronischen Datenverarbeitung auf Plagiate überprüft werden kann. Die Arbeit wurde bisher weder im Inland noch im Ausland in gleicher oder ähnlicher Form als Dissertation eingereicht und ist als Ganzes auch noch nicht veröffentlicht. Magdeburg, den 16.03.2017 ___________________ Ender Yemenicioğlu iii Abstract Abstract Cost constraints, higher quality requirements, increasing time pressure together with decreasing product life cycles and demand for improved agility to support a variety of products are the challenges of the current engineering design processes. Digital factory methods offer significant quality and efficiency improvements already in the early phases of the plant design. A variety of information types like 3D geometry, physical and kinematic behavior models and control approaches are necessary for the application of digital factory. This diversity of information is an indication that a single engineering tool cannot be sufficient for all the tasks in the mechatronical engineering design process. The data exchange between different engineering tools, which are specialized in their particular fields, is a critical issue in this sense. This work explains an implementation of a data exchange functionality for a factory layout planning tool. The focus lies on the material handling components and processes in the sense of mechatronics concept. The example application is for the virtual commissioning. AutomationML (AML) data format was selected for this purpose as it can be used to achieve a consistent and non-redundant data exchange for mechatronic production components like production machines or conveyor systems as well as logical planning data such as material handling and manufacturing process definitions. As the first step of the preparation for the data exchange, the proprietary format is converted into the AML format with topology, geometry, kinematics, and physics aspects for the modeling of production, logistics, and material handling systems. The necessary components and their properties, as well as process flow and parameters, can be described with the help of semantic roles and classes in the standard format. The software components to execute the data exchange steps, like exporting and importing, are realized parallel to the modeling. The implemented solutions enhance the existing layout planning tool taraVRBuilder and process visualization tool taraVRControl with AML data exchange functionalities. At the end, applications of the software components are provided to demonstrate how data exchange problem is solved in a material handling use-case and a virtual commissioning use- case. An exemplary scene for a material handling system and three demonstrators for the virtual commissioning, which are realized together with AVANTI project partners, are introduced. The result of this doctoral research is applied in tarakos software toolkit. Keywords: Data exchange, Layout-planning, Material handling, AutomationML, Mechatronics, Virtual commissioning, 3D Visualization, Software engineering iv Kurzfassung Kurzfassung Zunehmender Zeit- und Kostendruck, höhere Qualitätsanforderungen zusammen mit abnehmenden Produktlebenszyklen und die Nachfrage nach erhöhter Agilität zur Unterstützung der Vielzahl von Produkten sind die Herausforderungen der gegenwärtigen ingenieurwissenschaftlichen Planungsprozesse. Methoden der digitalen Fabrik bieten erhebliche Qualitäts- und Effizienzverbesserungen bereits in den frühen Phasen der Anlagenplanung. Eine Vielfalt von Informationstypen wie 3D-Geometrie, kinematische und physikalische Verhaltensmodelle und Steuerungsansätze sind notwendig für die Anwendung der digitalen Fabrik. Diese Informationsvielfalt ist ein Hinweis darauf, dass ein einziges Engineering-Tool für alle Aufgaben im mechatronischen Engineering-Design nicht ausreichen kann. Der Datenaustausch zwischen unterschiedlichen Engineering-Tools, die auf bestimmten Gebieten spezialisiert sind, ist ein kritisches Thema in diesem Sinne. Diese Arbeit präsentiert die Implementierung einer Datenaustausch-Funktionalität für ein Anlagenlayout-Planungstool. Der Fokus liegt auf den Materialflusstechnik-Komponenten und Prozessen im Sinne des Mechatronik-Konzepts. Die Beispielanwendung bildet die virtuelle Inbetriebnahme. Das AutomationML(AML)-Datenformat wurde für diesen Zweck ausgewählt. Ein konsistenter und nicht-redundanter Datenaustausch für mechatronische Produktionskomponenten wie Produktionsmaschinen oder Förderanlagen und logische Planungsdaten wie Definitionen von Materialfluss- und Produktionsprozesse kann damit erreicht werden. Als erster Schritt der Vorbereitung auf den Datenaustausch wird das proprietäre Format in das AML-Format mit Topologie-, Geometrie-, Kinematik- und Physik-Aspekten für die Modellierung von Produktions-, Logistik- und Materialflusssystemen umgesetzt. Die erforderlichen Komponenten und ihre Eigenschaften sowie Prozess-Abläufe und Parameter können mit Hilfe von semantischen Rollen und Klassen im standardisierten Format beschrieben werden. Die Softwarekomponenten, die Datenaustauschschritte wie Exportieren und Importieren ausführen, werden parallel zur Modellierung umgesetzt. Realisierte Lösungen erweitern das bestehende Layout-Planung-Tool taraVRBuilder und das Prozess-Visualisierung-Tool taraVRControl um die Datenaustausch-Funktionalitäten für AML. Am Ende werden exemplarische Anwendungen der Software-Komponenten vorgestellt um zu zeigen, wie das Datenaustausch-Problem für die Anwendungsfälle wie Materialflusstechnik und virtuelle Inbetriebnahme gelöst ist. Eine Beispiel-Szene für ein Materialflusssystem und drei Demonstratoren für die virtuelle Inbetriebnahme, die gemeinsam mit AVANTI - Projektpartnern realisiert sind, werden präsentiert. Das Ergebnis dieser Forschung wird im tarakos Software Toolkit angewendet. v Kurzfassung Schlüsselwörter: Datenaustausch, Layout-Planung, Materialflusstechnik, AutomationML, Mechatronik, Virtuelle Inbetriebnahme, Software-Engineering vi Özet Özet Maliyet kısıtlamaları, yükselen kalite beklentileri, ürünlerin kullanım ömrünün azalmasıyla paralel gelişen kısa zaman içinde teslimat yapabilme ihtiyacı, bunların yanı sıra ürün çeşitliliğinin giderek artması ile çevik (agile) üretim yöntemlerinin yaygınlaşması günümüz mühendislik tasarım süreçlerinde dikkate alınması gereken önemli meselelerdir. Dijital fabrika yöntemleri ise üretim sistemleri tasarımının erken evrelerinde dahi ciddi kalite ve verim
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