COMMANDER DAY LESSON #2 SIXTH GRADE [' L

Name Date

Di,ections: Read "Natural Disasters." Then answer questions 1-8.

Natural Disasterc

Our planet can be a calm place, but conditions often change rapidly. Gentle breezes can blow into fierce and horvling winds. Light snorv llurries can become ferocious rvinter . Gende can turn into flooding dolvnpours. 'fhe rveather can be very powerful. n is a weather-related event that creates dangerous and destnrctive conditions. lt is irnportant to learn about natural disasters so you can be prepare(l ifyou face one.l'hcre are several kinds ofnahrral disasters that may occur in the United States each yeaq, and each one poses signifi cant dangers. I ,,,.,... Hurricanes ,., A hurricane is a huge that tt. forms ovcr warm ocean water. Bands of a F)2 form and swirl around e and around because ofthe rotation ofthe G \,'. [ -' 7./ earth. As more and more thunderstorms t u,. .l-_ 2 form, the hurricane gets bitger and bigger.

E A lrurricane is one of the worldt lvorst

e storms because it can last for days or rveeks. Hurricanes can also be very large. They may cover hundreds of miles and affect large areas ofland. For a storm to be classified as a hurricane, wind speeds within the .! storm lrave to reach at least 74 miles per hour. But hurricane winds can reach speeds ofover t55 miles per hour! A large amount ofdestruction may occur with winds that strong. lloofs may be torn offhouses. Buildings s rnay bc flatrened. Trees topple over. Hurricanes are deaclly, but not just s because oftheir rvinds. Thcy can also produce very heavy rains and huge wavcs that slam into the coastline. Hurricanes are very common along the east coast of the United States. Here, lvind, waves, and do the most damage. However, since hurricanes are so large, people rvho live 100 miles inland may also feel the effccts oI the rvirrd and rain and .sustain damage to their property. Luckily, meteorologists (people rvho study weather) can forecast hurricanes days in advance by using radar technology. Radar is a little bit like a moving picture. lt shorvs horv big storms are and which way they are ntoving. Iladar inrages givc pcople time to prepare for a coming storm. If lhe stornl is very strong, home and business olvners will put up plpvood to protcct rheir glass rvindorvs and doors. people rvho live along the coast re

Mll evacuate. They'll go to a hurricane sheker or stay rvith friends and relatives who live in safer places farther inland. Many lives are saved every year by people wlro takc the necessary prccaudons.

Tornadoes Nothing is morc frighrening rhan a . A tornado is a huge tower of moist, warm circling air. It usually develops during a strong . A column ofclouds rvill form and reach 9, tlorvn loward rhe ground. This is called a E E lunnel . It becomes a tornado rvhen the cloud reaches the ground. ! 'lbrnadoes ,x move at a high rate ofspeed and usually dcstroy buildings, Eees, and anylhing else in their path. While a rornado is turning, it can I T .9 also suck large obiecrs into it, such as houses and cars. Wind speeds in a tornado may reach 300 miles per hour! Luckily, almost Z0 percent of tomadoes are categorized as "rveak" tornadoes with rvinds less than = = I l0 miles per hour. Weak tornadoes usually last only l_I0 minutes, B t compared with hurricanes o o that can last for days or lveeks. Still, these G. storms can do a lot oIdatnage. t Tornadoes are most common in the Midwestern United States where the land is flat. But, wherever there is a strong thunderstorm, a tornado ! can occur. In 1984, for example, there rvere 22 tornadoes that formed from E i s thunderstorms ncar thc east coast in North and South Carolina, ! These & I tornadoes killed almost 60 people and injured over 1,000. Unlike hurricancs, tornadoes are rrot easy to predict. people may t E only have a felv minutes of rvarning whcn a tornado forms in their area. -r E ,,tornado Usually, forecasters will placc an area under E a rvatch,,, stating I that tornadoes may lle possible. Ifyou experience a strong thunderstorm and see dark (ahnost greenish in color) and large , these are d indicators that a tortrado may lorm. You should go to the basement of your home and stay arvay fronr rvindolvs. Ifyou do not have a basement, go to a room in the intcrior of your house. It is also wisc to cover your head because tornadoes can whip obiects through the air at $eat speeds. Name Date

Blizzards A is a dangerous storm that combines blowing and rvind. It usually results in low visibility. 'I'hat is a measure of the distance you can see clearly. In , it is possible to look outside your lvindow and see only a wall of rvhite! Meteorologists call this a "white outi' ! In order to be classified as a blizzard, a storm must have winds greater e than 35 miles per hour and visibility less than l/4 of a mile for at least three hours. This means that you are I :. unable to see more than /4 of a mile in froni ofyou. That is the distance around one lap ofa running track. On a clear day, you can see for milcs and miles, especially if the land is flat. It is interesting to note that a storm doesn't need to occur for a blizzard to form. Strong rvinds can pick up snolv already on the ground to create a ground blizzard rvith blowing snow. Forecasters can predict blizzards most of the time. They will put out a o "blizzard warning" for the areas where these conditions are anticipated. G. lilizzards happen most often in the upper Midwest and the Great plains of the United States, HoweveE they can occur in any place that receives snorvfall. Blizzards are dangerous for several reasons. Driving a car or truck can be hazardous in the slippery snow and ice, and may become impossible since it is dimcult to see.'fhe strong lvind rvill make the air temperature leel even colder, so frostbite can develop. Frostbite is damage to the skin fronr cxposure to cold. You should stay indoors during a blizzard. Be sure

E to have plenry ofblankets, rvater, and a battery-powered radio nearby in case the polver goes off.

25 5n7tm\8 Qla","g9, Patl

Commander Day 2 Complele both sections.

' Required

Natural Disasters

Read'Natural Distasters,'and then answer questions 1-8.

1. Which sentence best states the central idea of this passaga? ' Mark only one oval. C Our planet can be a calm place, but weather condilions often change rapidly. a_) Light snow flunies can become ferocious winter storms. L) It is important to leam about natural disasters so you can be prepared if yo! face one. t) There are several kinds of natural disasters that may occur in the United States each year, and each one poses significant dangers.

2. What causes a funnel cloud to form? ' Matu only one oval. O warm air that circles around O a gathering oI dark clouds O cold air temperatures O tropical ocean waters

3. ln the 'Tomadoes" section of the passage, the author includes information about tornadoes in North Carolina and South Carolina ln order to- . Ma* only one oval. C) show that tornadoes do not always occur in the Midwesl. a_) give examples of tomadoes that are classified as 'weak." O demonstrate how tomadoes can suck cars and houses into their funnels. C explain what happens when the sky tums green and hail starts to fall.

4. Which sentence states an opinion? ' Mark only one oval. Q A hurricane is a hug€ storm that lorms over warm ocean water. C ln order to be classified as a bliaard, a storm must have winds greater than 35 miles per hour and visibility less than 114 ol a mile for at least three hours. Q Radar images give people time to prepare for a coming storm- Q noming is more frightening than a tornado.

https:,//do.s.google.comIo.ms,/d/lWUUF-WPiiv38orbElUiEcfD6ylhSERNKhF4x3TcpcKo/edit 1/3 5t17t2d18 .brizzard 5. "They wi, pur out a warnrng.r"*+.:;T;'P*e condrrons are A lrm?r3 What ls the meanlng of ANTICIPATED? ' Mad< only one oval. O avoided TJ witnessed O expected O described

6. ln a bllzzard, what causes a'white out"? ' Mark only one oval. O heavy rain C blowing snow C large hail C cold temperatures

7. The author states that natural disasters create dangerous and destructive conditions. GIve two pleces of evldence from the passage that supports thls statemont.

8. Using detalls from the Passage, descrlbe four differences between hurricanes and tornadoes.

!ndependent Reading You must read your independent reading book for 20 minutes, and then respond to the following prompt. (Minlmum of 5 sentences)

9. Describe the settlng (tlmo and place) of your slory. Would you like to live th6ro? Why or why not? "

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10. She hums CONTINUOUSLY or all the tlme, and it annoys me. '

11. H6 WINCED in paln whon he hit hls thumb wiih the hammer. '

'12. The hero was VIRTUOUS, not llke an evil villain..

13. The grsatest trip I eyar took was my EXPEDITION to Africa. '

14. The team was ELATED whon they won the trophy. '

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Rcrvrile the lbllowin!r expressions without parentheses.

l.) 8(, . 6) ().) j(.r,ll)

l.) 6(j 'r') 10.) j(r - 7)

l.) I l(.r . tt) ll.)7((r-g)

,1.)4(li ' r) 12.\23(17 , p)

5.) rl(5 . ,rr) Ii.) {(rz.- 1E) l5

6.) 2.5(t r) - r,r.) 9( r.-i - 6) - l+

7 .'t 7(3 + p1 15.) l2(8 + r) I9

E.) l4(5 r.) 16.)15(/r,9). t.t Common Core Mathematics Practice for cdJ'adaaf a., Slyq ftil} r./u..rlli Shndard: CCSS.Math.Contenr-6.EE.El.7

Linear Equations in One Variable with Subtraction - Whole Numbers: 1. Solve and check: 6. Solve and check: w+15=35 l+93=145,

2. Solve and check: 7. Solve and check:

h +LO=L7 l+98=L64

3. Solve and check: 8. Solve and check;

v+ 11 =71 n+,48=117

4. Solve and check: 9. Solve and check: i+85=18S e+87=110

5. Solve and check: 10. Solve and check: i g+75=112 i+15=48

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tar!lrrrqrd4l.- -EqE d h6n(-.'onrrhtd.sBc ri(r.rru,ic .innrhb6i rdblr lnfluences on Your Health

Guide to Reading

O Building vocabulary I Focusing on the Main ldeas Read the terms below. Define each in your ln this lesson, you will learn to notebook as best you can, As you read the r identify factors that iflfluence your health' lesson, make changes where needed. r explain the role that your behaiior and choices r heredity{p.8) r media (P. 10) play.inyour health. r environment (p.'9) r technology (p. 10) r detcribe holy your.attitudes affect your health. r culturd (p. 9I r behavior (p. ll) O Reading Strategy peers (p.9) r attituf e (p. 1l) r ' Sktmiirih0iEctokover the major and minor headings 'in this::le5Fgnr Yyrite a brief palagr4ph expla'ining what you think the lesson is about.

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Make a llst of your likes Fact6rs that Affer! Yorir Health and dislikes. Explain What foods do you like to eqt? What are your hobbies and which of these .favorite are shared by activities? lour answeqs, to these questions reflect your fa6tly your personal tastes, your likes and dislikes. Your health and which are is influenced by your personal .tastes. It is also influenced shared by your factors. These heredity, environment, friends. by outside include family, culture, the media, an( technology. 'Heredlty

cal pdranti pass traits to their children.These include physical traits, such as eye, hair, and skin color, and body type and size. You may also inherit a musical or athletic ability. The risk of developing certain dis- eases such as diabetes or allergies can also be passed along through Jreredity.

{ the ability to run fast is sometimes passed along through heredity. what health choice might you make based on inheriting this ablllty? I EnYironment Think about where You live are part of ;rrrrl gtr to school.'l'hese Enrrironrnent ,ot, r crrv i ron nrcnt' n'nluh nt) is llrc srun rerr. V Y.rrrlr 'L/,tttl ofyour surtottttdi'78s' It includes the air you breathe and the wAter vou drink. It also includes the neighborhood You live in and the people around You. Your environment can both positively and negativelY affect your personal health. If you Iive in a warm , you may have more opportunities to participaii Your tastes in food may in outdoor activities. You will also have,to:be extra careful be a reflection of your the sun. How does the in environment,where you live affect family's preferences your health? and your culture. What Family and Culture other factors might influence your food T\,vo related influences on your health are your family and choices? your culture. Gu lqie is the collecteilbeliefs, customs, and behay- iors of a group. Famlly and cirlture can influence many aspects of your health including eatirig habitg phys,ical;activity, hnd the use of health servites, Some cultures, for example,:eat spe- DEVELOPING cial foods on special occasions.,sohe eat no food at all during religious celebrations. Bessem,s fa.mily observes thb holiday of Ramadan. During this (roliday, members of the family fast until sundown. Your family might also celebrate certain holidays and observe special cultural traditions. These traditions might include.dances, foods, ceremonies, sorrgs, and games. 'F;iF tii a negative influente on Peers Peers are an especially important influence during your teen people in your lffe based on l' years. P,.,eg.;s ..t: are your ftimils and other people in your age group. the examples you set. lfyou , . Peer pressure can influence \ealthful choices. For example, sete good example forothers, . Dena's friend Shawn began volirnteering at the animal shelter. you will en(ourage them to follow your lead. Think about Shawn invited Dena to go with him one day, and now they ways you on be a positive volunteer at the animal sheltettogether. role model. What responsible Peers can also have a negative influence on your health. If adionr (an you tale that your friends take part in risky behaviors, such as smoking or might influence other? drinking, you might feel pressure to ioin in.

lesson 2:lnfluences onYour Health 9 -... --!FIt, Media

,l Troy realized how much the media i.;, I td r:n q could influence him when he saw a TV ad. As soon as he saw it, he knew he wanted the video game it advertised for his birthday. Have you had an experi- \5all.r,' ence similar to Troy's? The 4edia is the various methods of communicating information, including newspape$, maga- zines, radio, television, and the Intemet.It is often used by companies to encour- age us to buy their products, such as the video game Troy saw on TV. Messages ftom media and other sources influence health behavior. A The media influence Tfuough the.media, it's possible to the health choices quickly find infotmailOn on almost any health topic. The media we make. Have you also provides us with advertisements for health products and bought a health services. However, not all media sources product based on an are equally reliable. advertlsement? Were Later in this chapter, you will Iearn how to iudge whether a you satlsfled wlth sourie is reliable. your purchase? Technology

tCthnt l6E* is the use of scientific ideas to improve the quat- ity of lift. The use of computer'technology in planes has made it easier.. and safer to fly. A varifty of technologies for health information are now available. E-mail and the Internet are only two examples. These resources influence your.health because : they can provide you with fast and easy aciess to valid health information. The control of diseases is another area that tech- nology has impacted. One area in which technology has had a huge impact is in detecting illnesses. For example, MRI machines give a view of the inside of any area of the body. Finding early evidence of diseases can help doctors treat them successfully. Can you give another example of technology that has made your health and life better?

C@ft'a?fiL Ltst Name four factors that affect your hea tth. Give an example of each.

(hapt€r t O 1: Your Health and Wellnes ,' your Health Ch'oices and Behaviors that influence your health, such as hered- Some of the factors ,.., ,r. ur, of yotrr control You do, however, have control over choices you make' Your behirvior is the 1j,1,,, rr"r'ruui"t arld the '*nr rul oct in thc matry differett situations and events irr your life' affect your health. For example, Vr,ry bf the choices you make healthy foods will affect your physical health' choosing to eat your choices and behaviors can Knowing the consequences of your help you take responsibility for health. Personal Attitudes An attitude is what you believe or feel about someone or some- thing.lndividttal, family, community, and cultural attitudes play a role in your health. For example, if you have a positive feeling il-..r6-Orlir. about wearing safety belts, you'll probably wear one when rid- ing in a car. Teens who have positive attitudes toward healthy Vlsit hea lth,g len(oe.com (omplete lnteradive habits usually encouraSe others to do the same. and the Study Guideforlesson 2.

,6@ Recalt Give one example of a choice that can affect your health.

rdCT' " ile'fii6e culturc and meilia. [$luiilrrt-' inftuences heatth. \t.tirf i:.* " "..h: ji lDelcrDe How has medical technology . ir,npi,ovea mez I 3. ExplainHow does your attitude affect s i"4i your health? i rl- Thinking Critically I 4. Synthesize W hich side of the health tri- angle do you think is most affected by m- outside influences? )ra-

ia"t6 Onfna tor more review quesrions for Lesson 2,90 t0 health.gk rh ll