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200 1. Voortrekkers Were Groups of Nineteenth- Century Afrikaners Who
Notes 1. Voortrekkers were groups of nineteenth- century Afrikaners who migrated north from the Cape colony into the South African interior to escape British rule. 2. ‘Township’ is the name given by colonial and later apartheid authorities to underdeveloped, badly resourced urban living areas, usually on the outskirts of white towns and cities, which were set aside for the black workforce. 3. See, for example, Liz Gunner on Zulu radio drama since 1941 (2000), David Coplan on township music and theatre (1985) and Isabel Hofmeyr on the long- established Afrikaans magazine Huisgenoot (1987). 4. In 1984 the NP launched what it called a ‘tricameral’ parliament, a flawed and divisive attempt at reforming the political system. After a referendum among white voters it gave limited political representation to people classi- fied as coloured and Indian, although black South Africans remained com- pletely excluded. Opposition to the system came from both the left and right and voting rates among non- whites remained extremely low, in a show of disapproval of what many viewed as puppet MPs. 5. The State of Emergency was declared in 1985 in 36 magisterial districts. It was extended across the whole country in 1986 and given an extra year to run in 1989. New measures brought in included the notorious 90- day law, in which suspects could be held without trial for 90 days, after which many were released and then re- arrested as they left the prison. 6. According to André Brink, ‘The widespread notion of “traditional Afrikaner unity” is based on a false reading of history: strife and division within Afrikanerdom has been much more in evidence than unity during the first three centuries of white South African history’ (1983, 17). -
Mirror, Mediator, and Prophet: the Music Indaba of Late-Apartheid South Africa
VOL. 42, NO. 1 ETHNOMUSICOLOGY WINTER 1998 Mirror, Mediator, and Prophet: The Music Indaba of Late-Apartheid South Africa INGRID BIANCA BYERLY DUKE UNIVERSITY his article explores a movement of creative initiative, from 1960 to T 1990, that greatly influenced the course of history in South Africa.1 It is a movement which holds a deep affiliation for me, not merely through an extended submersion and profound interest in it, but also because of the co-incidence of its timing with my life in South Africa. On the fateful day of the bloody Sharpeville march on 21 March 1960, I was celebrating my first birthday in a peaceful coastal town in the Cape Province. Three decades later, on the weekend of Nelson Mandela’s release from prison in February 1990, I was preparing to leave for the United States to further my studies in the social theories that lay at the base of the remarkable musical movement that had long engaged me. This musical phenomenon therefore spans exactly the three decades of my early life in South Africa. I feel privi- leged to have experienced its development—not only through growing up in the center of this musical moment, but particularly through a deepen- ing interest, and consequently, an active participation in its peak during the mid-1980s. I call this movement the Music Indaba, for it involved all sec- tors of the complex South African society, and provided a leading site within which the dilemmas of the late-apartheid era could be explored and re- solved, particularly issues concerning identity, communication and social change. -
Gereformeerde’ Musiek in Die Jare 1980 En 1990 in Suid-Afrika
Page 1 of 8 Original Research Wat maak ‘n kerkorrel gereformeerd? ‘n Verkenning van Afrikaanse ‘gereformeerde’ musiek in die jare 1980 en 1990 in Suid-Afrika Author: In this article, the meaning of a combination of the adjective ‘reformed’ and the noun ‘music’ 1 Cas J. Wepener is explored. The main question is: What can be termed ‘reformed music’? In order to answer Affiliation: this question, some of the work on liturgy by the theologians Smit, Old and McKee will be 1Department of Practical explored, specifically their understanding of ‘reformed liturgy’. Throughout, the article takes Theology, University of the form of a historical reflexive autoethnographic journey into the life and experiences of Pretoria, South Africa the author of this article in the period roughly stretching from 1986 to 1996. In particular, it Correspondence to: focuses on the way in which the author appropriated two different kinds of music genres. Cas Wepener His exposure to both reformed church music and the alternative Afrikaans music movement, which included rock bands such as Johannes Kerkorrel en die Gereformeerde Blues Band will Email: be scrutinised. Ultimately, the aim of this journey is to establish which one of these two [email protected] music genres from this specific period in the history of South Africa is worthy of the name Postal address: ’reformed music’. Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa Dates: Inleiding Received: 11 Jan. 2012 In hierdie artikel wil ek deels hand in eie boesem steek. Ek onderneem hier ‘n soort terugskouende Accepted: 03 Mar. 2012 outo-etnografiese verkenning wat gekomplimenteer word met relevante literatuur. -
Sounds of Young Afrikaners
Sounds of young Afrikaners Popular music and processes of social identification in and around Pretoria, South Africa Maike Lolkema Research Master Thesis in African Studies African Studies Centre / Leiden University Sounds of young Afrikaners Popular music and processes of social identification in and around Pretoria, South Africa Name Maike Reinate Lolkema Supervisor Dr. W.M.J. (Ineke) van Kessel Second Reader Dr. H. (Harry) Wels Date July 2014 Pictures used at the cover: Picture at the top: Audience at the performance of Fokofpolisiekar at Oppikoppi Festival at August 10th 2012. Picture at the bottom: Audience at the performance of Steve Hofmeyr at the Pretoria Musiekfees on November 17th 2012. The writer made both pictures. 2 ‘We understand it still that there is no easy road to freedom. We know it well that none of us acting alone can achieve success. We must therefore act together as a united people, for national reconciliation, for nation building, for the birth of a new world.’ - Nelson Mandela in his inaugural address May 10th 1994 ‘Een ding het intussen vir my duidelik geword: Dis nie ’n land vir sissies nie.’ - Fred de Vries in Rigting Bedonnerd ‘Revoluties worden op schepen uitgeroepen, utopieën op eilanden geleefd. Dat er nog iets anders moet zijn dan het hier en nu, is een troostende gedachte.’ - Judith Schalansky in De atlas van afgelegen eilanden ‘Our deepest fear is not that we are inadequate. Our deepest fear is that we are powerful beyond measure. It is our light, not our darkness, that most frightens us. Your playing small does not serve the world. -
Sounding the Cape, Music, Identity and Politics in South Africa Denis-Constant Martin
Sounding the Cape, Music, Identity and Politics in South Africa Denis-Constant Martin To cite this version: Denis-Constant Martin. Sounding the Cape, Music, Identity and Politics in South Africa. African Minds, Somerset West, pp.472, 2013, 9781920489823. halshs-00875502 HAL Id: halshs-00875502 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00875502 Submitted on 25 May 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Sounding the Cape Music, Identity and Politics in South Africa Denis-Constant Martin AFRICAN MINDS Published by African Minds 4 Eccleston Place, Somerset West, 7130, South Africa [email protected] www.africanminds.co.za 2013 African Minds ISBN: 978-1-920489-82-3 The text publication is available as a PDF on www.africanminds.co.za and other websites under a Creative Commons licence that allows copying and distributing the publication, as long as it is attributed to African Minds and used for noncommercial, educational or public policy purposes. The illustrations are subject to copyright as indicated below. Photograph page iv © Denis-Constant -
An Exploration of the Communication Strategies of Three Early Think Tanks
University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository Graduate Studies The Vault: Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2018-04-20 An exploration of the communication strategies of three early think tanks Hexham, Jeremy Johnston Hexham, J. J. (2018). An exploration of the communication strategies of three early think tanks (Unpublished doctoral thesis). University of Calgary, Calgary, AB. doi:10.11575/PRISM/31819 http://hdl.handle.net/1880/106533 doctoral thesis University of Calgary graduate students retain copyright ownership and moral rights for their thesis. You may use this material in any way that is permitted by the Copyright Act or through licensing that has been assigned to the document. For uses that are not allowable under copyright legislation or licensing, you are required to seek permission. Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY An exploration of the communication strategies of three early think tanks by Jeremy Johnston Hexham A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY GRADUATE PROGRAM IN COMMUNICATION AND MEDIA STUDIES CALGARY, ALBERTA APRIL, 2018 © Jeremy Johnston Hexham 2018 Abstract This thesis discusses the development of communications strategies by three early think tanks. These are the British Socialist Fabian Society founded in 1884, the South African Afrikaner Broederbond founded in 1918, and the South African Institute of Race Relations (SAIRR) founded in 1929. All three are generally accepted as highly influential organizations. The Fabian Society is arguably the earliest modern think tank. Its members developed two modes of communication which are identified in this thesis as rational-scientific and cultural-identity communications. -
Deconstructing Popular Afrikaans Music In
Music, Dance, and Identity: Deconstructing Popular Afrikaans Music in Pretoria, South Africa by Cornelius A. Holtzhausen A dissertation submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for a degree M.Soc.Sci: Social Anthropology in the Department Anthropology and Archaeology University of Pretoria Faculty of Humanities Supervisors: Dr. Fraser McNeill & Mr. Jimmy Pieterse © University of Pretoria Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 1 Chapter Outline ...................................................................................................................... 3 Chapter 1 - Methods, Theories and Tools .................................................................................. 7 Dual-sited Ethnography.......................................................................................................... 7 Musical Biographies ............................................................................................................... 9 Music Theory and Identity ................................................................................................... 10 Space and Place .................................................................................................................... 15 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................ 17 Chapter 2 - History, Music, and Industry ............................................................................... -
Objecting to Apartheid
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by South East Academic Libraries System (SEALS) OBJECTING TO APARTHEID: THE HISTORY OF THE END CONSCRIPTION CAMPAIGN By DAVID JONES Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS In the subject HISTORY At the UNIVERSITY OF FORT HARE SUPERVISOR: PROFESSOR GARY MINKLEY JANUARY 2013 I, David Jones, student number 200603420, hereby declare that I am fully aware of the University of Fort Hare’s policy on plagiarism and I have taken every precaution to comply with the regulations. Signature…………………………………………………………… Abstract This dissertation explores the history of the End Conscription Campaign (ECC) and evaluates its contribution to the struggle against apartheid. The ECC mobilised white opposition to apartheid by focussing on the role of the military in perpetuating white rule. By identifying conscription as the price paid by white South Africans for their continued political dominance, the ECC discovered a point of resistance within apartheid discourse around which white opposition could converge. The ECC challenged the discursive constructs of apartheid on many levels, going beyond mere criticism to the active modeling of alternatives. It played an important role in countering the intense propaganda to which all white South Africans were subject to ensure their loyalty, and in revealing the true nature of the conflict in the country. It articulated the dis-ease experienced by many who were alienated by the dominant culture of conformity, sexism, racism and homophobia. By educating, challenging and empowering white citizens to question the role of the military and, increasingly, to resist conscription it weakened the apartheid state thus adding an important component to the many pressures brought to bear on it which, in their combination, resulted in its demise. -
“Rocking the Boat”? the “Voëlvry” Music Movement in South Africa: Anatomy of Afrikaans Anti-Apartheid Social Protest in the Eighties
“Rocking the boat”? The “Voëlvry” music movement in South Africa: Anatomy of Afrikaans anti-apartheid social protest in the eighties Albert Grundlingh University of Stellenbosch The British social and cultural historian, Arthur Marwick, concluded his magisterial book on the cultural revolution of the sixties in the West with a very brief final sentence on the transformation: “there has been nothing quite like it; nothing will be quite the same again”.1 This deceptively simple and deliberately vague assertion masks an array of nuanced historical judgments in which Marwick teased out the complexities and contradictions of the sixties. In trying to characterise the decade, American author, Hunter Thompson, has succinctly formulated the analytical problem inherent in the dynamics of the period: History is hard to know --- but even without being sure of ‘history’ it seems entirely reasonable to think that every now and then the energy of a whole generation comes to a head in a long fine flash, for reasons that nobody really understands at the time – and which never explain, in retrospect, what actually happened ---. You could strike sparks anywhere.2 While there seems to be a firm understanding that the sixties represent the confluence of meaningful social forces, there are some explanatory doubts as to how and why it happened. The conundrum invites historical analysis; the outlines of the phenomenon may appear clear, but the reason for that are not immediately apparent nor is its historical significance self-evident.3 In a similar vein Afrikaans anti-apartheid social protest music during the eighties was reminiscent, albeit in a much more muted form, of the cultural and social challenges to the status quo in the West two decades earlier. -
Music to Move the Masses: Protest Music Of
The copyright of this thesis vests in the author. No quotation from it or information derived from it is to be published without full acknowledgement of the source. The thesis is to be used for private study or non- commercial research purposes only. Published by the University of Cape Town (UCT) in terms of the non-exclusive license granted to UCT by the author. University of Cape Town Music to Move the Masses: Protest Music of the 1980s as a Facilitator for Social Change in South Africa. Town Cape of Claudia Mohr University Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Music, University of Cape Town. P a g e | 1 A project such as this is a singular undertaking, not for the faint hearted, and would surely not be achieved without help. Having said this I must express my sincere gratitude to those that have helped me. To the University of Cape Town and the National Research Foundation, as Benjamin Franklin would say ‘time is money’, and indeed I would not have been able to spend the time writing this had I not been able to pay for it, so thank you for your contribution. To my supervisor, Sylvia Bruinders. Thank you for your patience and guidance, without which I would not have been able to curb my lyrical writing style into the semblance of academic writing. To Dr. Michael Drewett and Dr. Ingrid Byerly: although I haven’t met you personally, your work has served as an inspiration to me, and ITown thank you. -
Oop Vir Interpretasie FINAL Copy
Oop Vir Interpretasie: An Examination of the South African Media’s Take-up and Representation of the Music of Fokofpolisiekar By Rebecca Kahn Research Report submitted to the Graduate School of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters by Coursework and Research Report in Journalism and Media Studies Johannesburg August 2009 ABSTRACT Popular music is rarely seen as a valid vehicle for public debate anywhere in the world, and especially in South Africa. Popular music is traditionally seen as “low art” – to be reported in the arts and entertainment pages of publications, and nothong more. The music of Afrikaans punk band Fokofpolisiekar, however, has been a catalyst for public debate in both the Afrikaans and English print media, in editorial and opinion pages as well as in the news sections of publications. Drawing on theories of the public sphere, public intellectual life and the media, this research shows that the media’s response to the band has brought many discussions around Afrikaner identity in post-apartheid South Africa into the public sphere, beyond the arts and entertainment pages of newspapers, and that through the act of cultural consecration by other public intellectual figures, the band has been validated as commentators in the South African public sphere. 2 Declaration I declare that this research report is my own unaided work. It is submitted for the degree of Masters of Arts by Coursework and Research Report in the Department of Journalism, at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg It has not been submitted before for any other degree or examination at any other university. -
Stellenbosch University Research Report 2008
STELLENBOSCH UNIVERSITY RESEARCH REPORT 2008 Editor: Senior Director (Research and Innovation) Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch 7602 i CONTENTS CONTENTS .................................................................................................................................. i FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY SCIENCE .................................................. 1 Agricultural Economics ................................................................................................. 1 Agronomy ........................................................................................................................ 1 Animal Sciences ............................................................................................................. 2 Conservation Ecology and Entomology ....................................................................... 4 Food Science ................................................................................................................... 7 Forest and Wood Science ............................................................................................... 8 Genetics ........................................................................................................................... 10 Horticultural Science ..................................................................................................... 12 Oenology and Viticulture .............................................................................................. 14 Plant Pathology ..............................................................................................................