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La Culture Juridique Au Moyen Âge

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La Culture Juridique Au Moyen Âge MERIDIONALE BELVEDEREXXVII. ÉVFOLYAM, . SZÁM TÖRTÉNELEM ÉS TÁRSADALOMTUDOMÁNYOK La culture juridique au Moyen Âge Editors of the Current Issue: Kiss, Gergely and Maléth, Ágnes – MMXV ÉTÉ – BELVEDEREMERIDIONALE TÖRTÉNELEM ÉS TÁRSADALOMTUDOMÁNYOK Főszerkesztő Kiss Gábor Ferenc Szerkesztőbizottság Szegf László (elnök), Jancsák Csaba, Kiss Gábor Ferenc, Marjanucz László, Nagy Tamás, Nótári Tamás, Pászka Imre, Rácz Lajos Szerkesztők Halmágyi Miklós, Kovács Attila, Maléth Ágnes, Miklós Péter, Nagy Gábor Dániel Munkatársak Gatti Beáta, Kispál Richárd Tanácsadó testület Andaházi Szeghy Viktor, Bangó Jen, Garda Dezs, Gebei Sándor, Koszta László Kubinszky Mihály, Szakály Sándor, Szelényi Iván Számunk az EIKKA Alapítvány, az EMKE Kft., a Dél-magya- rországi Pedagógiai Alapítvány, a Magyar Történelmi Társulat Csongrád Megyei és Szegedi Csoportja, a Nemzeti Kulturális Alap, a Szegedi Tudományegyetem Polgáraiért Alapítvány, az SZTE Bölcsészettudományi Kar, az SZTE Juhász Gyula Pedagógusképző Kar, az SZTE Alkalmazott Humántudományi Intézet, az SZTE Történettudományi Intézet, az SZTE JGYPK HÖK és a SZEPA Alapítvány támogatásával készült. A Belvedere Meridionale online elérhető itt: www.belvedere.meridionale.hu A lap tanulmányokat, interjúkat, ismertetéseket és kritikákat közöl a történelem és a társadalomtu- dományok köréből. A közlésre benyújtott cikk még nem publikált és más folyóiratnál elbírálás alatt nem lévő, eredeti írásmű lehet. A benyújtott és a lap jellegének megfelelő írásokat két, a szerző számára isme- retlen szakmai lektor bírálja el. A két lektor véleményének fi gyelembevételével a szerkesztőség döntést hoz a megjelentetésről, melyet a szerzővel közöl. „A folyóirat megjelenik évente négy alkalommal: tavasszal, nyáron, ősszel és télen. A szerkesztőség címe: 6725 Szeged, Hattyas sor 10. Tel.: +36 62/546-252 E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Kiadja a Belvedere Meridionale Kft . ISSN 1419-0222 (print) ISSN 2064-5929 (online, pdf) . BELVEDEREMERIDIONALE 3 Table des matières Gergely, Kiss: Avant-propos {} — Études — Matz, Jean-Michel : La culture juridique des hommes d’Église en Anjou et dans le Maine (xive – début xvie siècles) {} Th e Legal Culture of the Clergy in Anjou and Maine (from the 14th to the Early 16th Centuries) DOI 10.14232/belv.2015.2.1 Kiss, Gergely: La culture juridique des clercs dans le Royaume de Hongrie sous les rois angevins au xive siècle Judical Culture of Clerics in the Medieval Hungarian Kingdom {} under the Angevin Kings (14th Century) DOI 10.14232/belv.2015.2.2 Le Roux, Amandine: Bibliothèques des collecteurs pontifi caux en territoire angevin (1316–1422). {} Th e Libraries of the Papal Collectors in the Angevin Territory (1316–1422) DOI 10.14232/belv.2015.2.3 — Communications — Galdi, Amalia – Santoro, Alfredo M.: Le diocèse de Salerne au Moyen Âge : dynamiques historiques et organisation de l’espace {} Th e Diocese of Salerne in the Middle Ages: Historical Dynamics and Organisation of the Space DOI 10.14232/belv.2015.2.4 Bilotta, Maria Alessandra : L’enluminure du Midi de la France dans le contexte des circulations culturelles méditerranéennes : un autre manuscrit juridique retrouvé enluminé à Avignon par l’atelier du Liber visionis Ezechielis (Arras, BM, ms. 499 [593]) Th e Illustrations of the Midi of France in the Context of Cultural Interactions {} in the Mediterranean: a Re-discovered Judicial Manuscript Illuminated by the Workshop of the Liber visionis Ezechielis (Arras, BM, ms. 499 [593]) DOI 10.14232/belv.2015.2.5 — Notices de recherche — Kiss, Gergely : Les Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae. Présentation d’une entreprise prosopographique en évolution {} Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae. Presentation of a Prosopographical Project in Progress DOI 10.14232/belv.2015.2.6 4 BELVEDEREMERIDIONALE . Coelho, Maria Helena da Cruz – Vilar, Herminia Vasconcelos Project DEGRUPE: Goals and Historiographical Contextualization {} DOI 10.14232/belv.2015.2.7 — Atelier — Kiss, Gergely: Les clercs mediévaux au service de l’état Le groupement de recherches européennes « At the Foundations of the Modern European State: the Legacy of the Medieval Clergy » {} . BELVEDEREMERIDIONALE 5 AVANTPROPOS ❖ Sujet vaste, à peine saisissable qui est la culture juridique des clercs médievaux. Néanmoins, s’inspirés de l’aveu de présenter les conjonctions de l’héritage des ecclésiastiques et les débuts de l’état moderne est un des grands défi s des médiévistes. Pour y répondre, nombreux chercheurs se sont associés sous l’égide d’un goupement de recherches européennes (GDRE « At the Foundations of the Modern European State: the Legacy of the Medieval Clergy ») à appréhender les éléments dont les clercs médivaux avaient contribué à la construction de l’état moderne. e présent volume accueille en majorité des études présentées dans le cadre d’un des rencontres thématiques, celui qui s’est tenu à Angers en november de 2011. Le sujet de cette Ljournée d’études était – près de la mobilité – la culture juridique des clercs médiévaux ; on a le plaisir de publier ici les communications presqu’intégralement. Elles off rent des perspectives d’analyses très variées. Présenter la culture juridique des clercs médievaux se repose avant tout sur celle des sources du savoir, ensuite sur l’usage de celui-ci et enfi n sur les manifestations intellectuelles, les bibliothèques. Les deux premières des études en présentent un panorama entier portant sur des deux extrémités des territoires angevins, Anjou, Maine (J.-M. Matz) d’une part et la Hongrie d’autre part (G. Kiss). Les deux autres contributions (A. Le Roux, M. A. Bilotta) proposent un aspect plus particulier à première vue, l’analyse de la constitution des bibliothèques, de la circulation et de l’usage des oeuvres juridiques. Elles nous permettent de mieux comprendre quels étaient les éléments qui constituaient la culture juridique des clercs mediévaux, combien ces oeuvres refl étaient un usage professionnel et/ou un intérêt intellectuel personnel, à quel points des ateliers pouvait combler les besoins de ces milieux. Le présent volume abrite également une communication des deux collegues salernitains qui proposent l’évolution d’un des diocèses les plus compliqués de l’Italie méridionale. Suivi de près la formation d’évêché depuis la conquête des Lombards à travers l’époque de la prinicipauté ensuite l’époque normande, l’occupation des Stafuens pour fi nir avec l’installation des Ange- vins, cette communication off re un panorama des chaînes et des facteurs de l’évolution à la fois institutionnelle et physique. Ce dernier élément forme – par la présentation d’un patrimoine remarquable – une sorte de jonction à l’héritage culture des clercs médiévaux. Les notices de recherches présentent deux projets de recherches collectifs. Le premier est celle de l’entreprise à grande échelle des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae qui commémore cette année ses vingt-cinquième anniversaire. Le concept, les méthodes appliqués pouvaient et pourront sans doute inspirer d’autres projets. L’exemple du Portugal en est emblématique : servi du modèle fran- çais les chercheurs portugais ont achevé leurs recherches prosopographiques, mais ils viennent de lancer un nouveau projet – ici présenté par un des ses leaders, H. Vilar – visant à examiner le rôle du clergé dans la construction des monarchies de la péninsule Ibérique. Enfi n, la rubrique Atelier nous permet de rejoindre le contexte des études présentées de l’issue actuelle de notre revue. On expose ici les travaux menés entre 2010 et 2013 dans le cadre du GDRE « At the Foundations of the Modern European State: the Legacy of the Medieval Clergy ». L’intérêt de celle-ci est bien claire : elle sert à introduire une deuxième issue thématique de Belvedere Meriodionale dédié à présenter d’autres productions intellectuelles de ce même projet à suivre. Kiss, Gergely 6 BELVEDEREMERIDIONALE . ELŐSZÓ ❖ A középkori klerikusok jogi műveltsége igen kiterjedt, nehezen megragadható téma. Ennek ellenére a medievisták előtt álló egyik legnagyobb kihívás annak bemutatása, hogyan kapcsolódott egymáshoz a középkori egyháziak öröksége és a modern állam. E kérdés megválaszolására számos kutató részvételével tett kísérlete egy nemzetközi kutatási program (GDRE « At the Foundations of the Modern European State: the Legacy of the Medieval Clergy »), amely arra kereste a választ, hogy a középkori egyháziak mennyiben járultak hozzá a modern állam kialakulásához. jelen lapszám ytanulmán ait a 2011 novemberében Angers-ban (Franciaország) tartott egyik tematikus műhelykonferencián elhangzott előadások többsége teszi ki. E konfe- Arencia témája – a mobilitás mellett – a középkori klerikusok jogi műveltsége volt, az e tárgykörben elhangzott előadások mindegyike helyett kapott a jelen lapszámban E tanulmányok különböző szempontok szerint közelítik meg a témát. A középkori kle- rikusok jogi műveltsége bemutatásából természetesen nem hiányozhat a tudás forrásának bemutatása, ahogy annak hasznosítása sem, végül pedig nem nélkülözheti a műveltség tényleges kifejező eszközeit, a könyvtárakat sem. A két első tanulmány átfogó képet ad az Anjou területek két végpontjáról, Anjou, Maine (J.-M. Matz) ill. Magyarország (Kiss G.) vidékéről. A másik két tanulmány (A. Le Roux, M. A. Bilotta) elsőre túlságosan is specifi kusnak tűnhet, valójában azonban magába foglalja a könyvtárak, a jogi művek forgalmának és hasznosításának beható elemzését. Segítségükkel jobban megérthetjük, milyen elemekből épült fel a jogi műveltség, az egyes művek mennyiben tükrözték szakmai vagy személyes intellektuális igényeket,
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