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Gründonnerstags-Suppe Die Grüne Neune Inhaltsverzeichnis

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Gründonnerstags-Suppe Die Grüne Neune Inhaltsverzeichnis Gründonnerstags-Suppe Die grüne Neune Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Bärlauch 1 1.1 Beschreibung ............................................. 1 1.2 Inhaltsstoffe .............................................. 2 1.3 Verbreitung und Standorte ...................................... 2 1.4 Ökologie ............................................... 3 1.4.1 Ausbreitung ......................................... 3 1.4.2 Nahrungsbeziehungen .................................... 3 1.4.3 Krankheiten ......................................... 3 1.5 Systematik .............................................. 3 1.6 Trivialnamen ............................................. 3 1.7 Nutzung ................................................ 4 1.7.1 Bärlauch in der Küche .................................... 4 1.7.2 Verwechslungsgefahr mit Giftpflanzen ............................ 4 1.7.3 Medizinische Nutzung .................................... 4 1.7.4 Rechtliche Situation (Deutschland) .............................. 4 1.8 Einzelnachweise ............................................ 5 1.9 Weblinks ............................................... 5 2 Brennnesseln 6 2.1 Beschreibung ............................................. 6 2.1.1 Vegetative Merkmale ..................................... 6 2.1.2 Brennhaare .......................................... 6 2.1.3 Generative Merkmale .................................... 7 2.1.4 Einige ähnliche Arten .................................... 8 2.2 Schmetterlingsweide ......................................... 8 2.3 Vorkommen .............................................. 9 2.3.1 Zeigerfunktion ........................................ 9 2.4 Systematik .............................................. 9 2.4.1 In Europa (einschließlich Kanaren) vorkommende Arten .................. 9 2.4.2 Weitere nicht in Europa vorkommende Arten ........................ 11 2.5 Verwendung .............................................. 11 2.5.1 Lebensmittel ......................................... 12 2.5.2 Fasergewinnung ....................................... 12 i ii INHALTSVERZEICHNIS 2.5.3 Färberpflanze ......................................... 12 2.5.4 Gärtnerische Verwendung .................................. 12 2.6 Kulturelle Bedeutung ......................................... 13 2.7 Quellen ................................................ 13 2.7.1 Literatur ........................................... 13 2.7.2 Einzelnachweise ....................................... 13 2.8 Weblinks ............................................... 14 3 Giersch 15 3.1 Beschreibung ............................................. 15 3.1.1 Vegetative Merkmale ..................................... 15 3.1.2 Generative Merkmale .................................... 15 3.2 Ökologie ............................................... 15 3.3 Vorkommen .............................................. 16 3.4 Verwendung .............................................. 16 3.4.1 Traditionelle Heilpflanze ................................... 17 3.4.2 Ernährung .......................................... 17 3.5 Bekämpfung ............................................. 17 3.6 Trivialnamen ............................................. 17 3.7 Quellen ................................................ 18 3.7.1 Einzelnachweise ....................................... 18 3.8 Weblinks ............................................... 18 4 Gundermann 20 4.1 Beschreibung ............................................. 20 4.1.1 Erscheinungsbild und Blatt .................................. 20 4.1.2 Blütenstand und Blüte .................................... 21 4.1.3 Frucht ............................................ 21 4.1.4 Chromosomenzahl ...................................... 22 4.1.5 Inhaltsstoffe ......................................... 22 4.2 Ökologie ............................................... 22 4.2.1 Wachstum .......................................... 22 4.2.2 Blütenbiologie ........................................ 22 4.2.3 Herbivoren, Bekämpfung und Krankheiten ......................... 23 4.3 Vorkommen .............................................. 23 4.3.1 Verbreitung .......................................... 23 4.3.2 Standorte ........................................... 23 4.4 Systematik .............................................. 24 4.5 Name ................................................. 25 4.6 Verwendung .............................................. 25 4.7 Siehe auch .............................................. 25 4.8 Quellen ................................................ 25 INHALTSVERZEICHNIS iii 4.8.1 Literatur ........................................... 25 4.8.2 Einzelnachweise ....................................... 25 4.8.3 Weblinks ........................................... 27 5 Labkräuter 28 5.1 Beschreibung und Ökologie ...................................... 28 5.1.1 Erscheinungsbild und Blätter ................................. 28 5.1.2 Blütenstände und Blüten ................................... 29 5.1.3 Früchte und Samen ...................................... 29 5.2 Namensherkunft ........................................... 29 5.3 Systematik und Verbreitung ..................................... 29 5.3.1 Arten ............................................. 31 5.4 Inhaltsstoffe und Nutzung ....................................... 43 5.5 Quellen ................................................ 43 5.5.1 Einzelnachweise ....................................... 44 5.6 Weblinks ............................................... 44 6 Gewöhnlicher Löwenzahn 45 6.1 Beschreibung ............................................. 45 6.2 Krankheiten .............................................. 46 6.3 Systematik und Verbreitung ..................................... 46 6.3.1 Ploidiestufen ......................................... 47 6.3.2 Eine Art der anderen Art ................................... 47 6.3.3 Verwechslungsmöglichkeiten ................................. 47 6.4 Verwendung .............................................. 48 6.4.1 Nahrungs- und Genussmittel ................................. 48 6.4.2 Medizin, Volksheilkunde und Homöopathie ......................... 48 6.4.3 Kautschukersatz ....................................... 49 6.5 Mundartliche Bezeichnungen ..................................... 49 6.6 Löwenzahn auf Banknoten ...................................... 49 6.7 Quellen ................................................ 50 6.7.1 Literatur ........................................... 50 6.7.2 Einzelnachweise ....................................... 50 6.8 Weblinks ............................................... 51 7 Spitzwegerich 52 7.1 Beschreibung ............................................. 52 7.2 Vorkommen .............................................. 52 7.3 Ökologie ............................................... 52 7.4 Sonstiges ............................................... 52 7.5 Nutzung ................................................ 53 7.6 Wichtige Pflanzeninhaltsstoffe und medizinische Wirkung ...................... 53 iv INHALTSVERZEICHNIS 7.7 Einzelnachweise ............................................ 53 7.8 Weblinks ............................................... 54 8 Taubnesseln 55 8.1 Beschreibung ............................................. 55 8.1.1 Vegetative Merkmale ..................................... 55 8.1.2 Generative Merkmale .................................... 55 8.2 Blüten- und Ausbreitungsökologie .................................. 56 8.3 Systematik .............................................. 56 8.4 Belege ................................................. 58 8.4.1 Einzelnachweise ....................................... 58 8.5 Weblinks ............................................... 58 8.6 Weiterführende Literatur ....................................... 58 9 Gewöhnliche Vogelmiere 59 9.1 Beschreibung ............................................. 59 9.2 Ökologie ............................................... 59 9.3 Vorkommen .............................................. 60 9.4 Systematik .............................................. 60 9.5 Verwendung .............................................. 60 9.6 Quellen ................................................ 61 9.6.1 Literatur ........................................... 61 9.6.2 Einzelnachweise ....................................... 61 9.7 Weiterführende Literatur ....................................... 61 9.8 Weblinks ............................................... 61 9.9 Text- und Bildquellen, Autoren und Lizenzen ............................. 63 9.9.1 Text .............................................. 63 9.9.2 Bilder ............................................. 65 9.9.3 Inhaltslizenz .......................................... 68 Kapitel 1 Bärlauch Der Bärlauch (Allium ursinum) ist eine Pflanzenart aus der Gattung Allium und somit verwandt mit Schnittlauch, Zwiebel und Knoblauch. Die in Europa und Teilen Asiens vor allem in Wäldern verbreitete und häufige, früh im Jahr austreibende Pflanzenart ist ein geschätztes Wildgemüse und wird vielfach gesammelt. Bärlauch wird auch Bä- renlauch,[1] Knoblauchspinat, wilder Knoblauch, Wald- knoblauch, Rinsenknoblauch[2], Hundsknoblauch[2], He- xenzwiebel, Zigeunerlauch[2], Ramsen oder Waldherre ge- nannt. 1.1 Beschreibung Blütenstand Detailansicht der radiärsymmetrischen, dreizähligen Blüten bis 6 Zentimeter lang. Sie ist umgeben von durchsichti- gen, weißlichen oder gelblichen Häuten, die sich später bis auf einige Borsten reduzieren. Nebenzwiebeln
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